JP2018183122A - Warming system for plant green house - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a warming system for a plant green house which can save energy and which requires less energy for warming.SOLUTION: An inside coated body 104 is arranged in inside of an outside coated body 100. The inside coated body 104 is configured so that, a vertical surrounding space 108 is formed by left and right coated bodies each of which are arranged on each of left and right sides of a stem, and an upper coated body is horizontally arranged above the vertical surrounding space 108, thereby forming a lateral vine/leaf surrounding space 110 continuous to the vertical surrounding space 108 is formed, and forming an inside green house space whose cross section is a T-shape in view from a gable side 112. Warmed air warmed by a warming system is injected to a lower part of the vertical surrounding space 108 from an injection hole, then the warmed air becomes an ascending air current, then the ascending air current is divided into left and right air currents by the upper coated body, then the divided air currents are sucked from a suction hole provided on a tip part of the lateral vine/leaf surrounding space 110 by a suction action of blowing means. Since air whose temperature is relatively high and which is guided by the upper coated body is circulated and utilized, energy can be saved.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to an energy saving plant greenhouse heating device.
In detail, it is related with the heating apparatus for plant greenhouses which achieved energy saving by circulating the heated air.
Furthermore, it is related with the heating apparatus for plant greenhouses which achieved energy saving by circulating the heated air suitable for a vine.
More specifically, the present invention relates to a plant greenhouse heating device that achieves energy saving by circulating heated air and has good workability.

As a first conventional technique, a method for controlling the state of air inside a greenhouse enclosure for cultivating plants, the step of collecting air from the lower part inside, and dehumidifying the collected air Heating the dehumidified air, releasing the dehumidified and heated air at the top of the interior, and circulating the dehumidified and heated air in the greenhouse enclosure in the vicinity of the leaves of the plant. And thereby controlling the state of air inside the greenhouse enclosure (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
As a second conventional technique, in a large-sized agricultural house employed for production of a mandarin orange or the like having a ceiling surface and the ceiling surface and side surfaces having a daylighting property, the side surfaces are further translucent. A lining with a conductive sheet or a translucent film, and a translucent air mat is disposed in the vicinity of the ceiling surface so as to cover substantially the entire surface of the ceiling, and at night, a heating device installed in a house is operated, Warm air generated in the heating device is guided by a duct to be dispersed and blown out in the house, and part of the warm air generated in the heating device is sent to the translucent air mat to be inflated, and the warm air flowing out from the translucent air mat There is known a method for heating an agricultural house, characterized in that it is blown into a house and the operation of the heating device is stopped during the daytime (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
As a third conventional technique, a plastic resin heat collecting and storing pipe with selective absorbability disposed on the upper surface of the buttocks in the facility horticulture house, and a transparent plastic resin film with high permeability for storing the heat collecting and storing pipe The heat collection and storage pipes are connected to each other through joints made of plastic resin, and both ends of the continuous heat collection and storage pipe group are arranged to serve as heat medium injection and discharge ports. In addition, a solar heat collecting and storing pipe body made of all plastic resin that closes the flow path while tightening a cap on the thread portion of the cylindrical portion and preventing the return of the heat medium is known (for example, see Patent Document 3). .

Japanese Patent No. 5583587 (FIG. 3, paragraphs 0004 to 0010) Patent No. 4886641 (FIGS. 1-2, paragraphs 0014-0016) JP-A-2015-19662 (FIGS. 1 to 3, paragraph 0011)

In the first prior art, after dehumidifying the air sucked from the lower part of the greenhouse, it is heated and dehumidified, and then the heated air is discharged at the upper part of the greenhouse, and the dehumidified and heated air is supplied to the leaves. Although it is provided and has the advantage that it can prevent diseases caused by fungal growth due to condensation on the leaf surface due to high humidity, air is inhaled from the lower part of the greenhouse, so even in the greenhouse, the lower part of the lowest temperature Heating the air sucked from the air requires low heat efficiency, and dehumidification requires humidification and therefore energy to evaporate water in order to maintain an appropriate humidity. In other words, there is a problem of high energy consumption.
In the second prior art, at night, a heating device installed in the house is operated to disperse the warm air in the house and blow it out, and a part of the warm air is sent to the translucent air mat to inflate it. Although warm air flowing out from the air mat is blown out into the house, there is an advantage that cooling by convection can be reduced, but heating has to be performed in the entire house, and there is a problem of high energy consumption.
In the third conventional technology, a solar heat collecting and storing pipe is arranged on the upper surface of the ridge in the house and heating is performed by storing heat of the heat storing pipe. Although it can be used for small plants, it has a problem that it is not suitable for large plants such as tomatoes and melons.

The first object, which is a basic object of the present invention, is to provide a plant greenhouse heating device having high heating efficiency.
The 2nd objective which is a subordinate object of this invention is to provide the heating apparatus for plant greenhouses with the high heating efficiency suitable for a large plant.
The 3rd objective which is a subordinate objective of this invention is providing the heating apparatus for plant greenhouses with good workability | operativity with respect to the plant to grow.
The 4th objective which is a subordinate object of this invention is to provide the heating apparatus for plant greenhouses with high heating efficiency suitable for hydroponics.
The 5th objective which is a subordinate objective of this invention is providing the heating apparatus for plant greenhouses which can move a cultivation apparatus easily.

In order to achieve this object, the first invention according to claim 1 is configured as follows.
A plant greenhouse comprising at least an outer covering, a stem portion installed in the outer covering and extending generally upward of the plant, and an inner covering surrounding a vine leaf portion extending laterally with respect to the stem portion. A heating device,
The inner covering body, when viewed from the wife side, with respect to the stem portion, at least in the left and right, a vertical surrounding space constituted by a left covering body and a right covering body that are installed at a predetermined distance; and
An upper covering that communicates with the vertical surrounding space at an upper portion of the vertical surrounding space, and that is installed at a predetermined distance above the vine leaf portion;
An inlet arranged near the tip of the vine leaf part on the lower side of the upper covering, and
A spout installed at a lower portion of the vertical enclosure space;
A heating device for heating air sucked from the suction port;
Air blowing means for jetting air heated by the heating device from the jet outlet,
After the air heated by the heating device is ejected from the ejection port by the air blowing means, the vertically enclosed space is raised, and then the air guided in the lateral direction along the upper covering body is sucked. A heating apparatus for a plant greenhouse characterized by causing forced circulation convection of heated air by inhaling from a mouth.

The second invention according to the present invention is:
Further, it includes a lateral vine surrounding space surrounded by a lower covering disposed at a predetermined distance below the vine portion, and the suction port is disposed in the lateral vine surrounding space. It is a heating apparatus for plant greenhouses of 1st invention.

A third aspect of the invention relates to
When viewed from the wife side, a left lateral vine surrounding space is disposed on the left side of the vertical wrapping space, and a right lateral vine surrounding space is disposed on the right side. The lateral vine surrounding space and the right lateral vine surrounding space are T-shaped,
The inlet is disposed in the vicinity of the tip of each vine portion in the left lateral vine surrounding space and the right lateral vine surrounding space, for the plant greenhouse according to the first or second invention It is a heating device.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention,
The plant greenhouse heating apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein a hydroponic cultivation tank is disposed in a range opposite to the vertical surrounding space.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention,
A vine shelf extending in a cantilevered manner in the lateral direction with respect to the upper portion of the shelf support portion provided integrally with the hydroponics tank and extending upward,
The inner covering body, when viewed from the wife side, with respect to the hydroponics tank, at least in the left and right, a vertical surrounding space constituted by a left covering body and a right covering body that are installed at a predetermined distance; and
The upper enclosure is in communication with the vertical enclosure in the upper part of the vertical enclosure, and is constituted by an upper covering installed at a predetermined distance above the vine shelf and a lower covering installed at a predetermined distance below the vine shelf. The vertical lateral space, the left lateral vine surrounding space and the right lateral vine surrounding space have a T-shape by a left lateral vine surrounding space and a right lateral vine surrounding space. It is the heating apparatus for plant greenhouses of invention.

A sixth invention according to the present invention includes:
A work greenhouse of any one of the second to fifth inventions, wherein a work opening of a predetermined size is formed in the lower covering, and the work opening can be opened and closed by a work opening cover. Heating equipment.

The seventh invention according to the present invention is:
The upper cover is provided with a ventilation opening of a predetermined size, and the ventilation opening can be opened and closed by a ventilation opening lid. The plant greenhouse according to any one of the first to sixth inventions Heating equipment.

The eighth invention according to the present invention is:
The plant greenhouse heating device according to any one of the first to seventh inventions, wherein a heat storage device is disposed below or below the vertically enclosed space.

A ninth invention according to the present invention includes:
A plant greenhouse comprising at least an outer covering, a stem portion installed in the outer covering and extending generally upward of the plant, and an inner covering surrounding a vine leaf portion extending laterally with respect to the stem portion. A heating device,
The inner covering body, when viewed from the wife side, with respect to the stem portion, at least in the left and right, a vertical surrounding space constituted by a left covering body and a right covering body that are installed at a predetermined distance; and
The upper covering body communicated with the vertical surrounding space in the upper part of the vertical surrounding space, the upper covering body installed at a predetermined distance above the vine leaf part, and the lower covering body installed at a predetermined distance below the vine leaf part, and A lateral vine surrounding space in which an end is closed by a tip cover that connects the ends of the upper cover and the lower cover,
The vertical surrounding space and the horizontal vine surrounding space have a T-shape,
An inlet arranged near the tip of the vine leaf part on the lower side of the upper covering, and
A spout installed at a lower portion of the vertical enclosure space;
A heating device for heating air sucked from the suction port;
Air blowing means for jetting air heated by the heating device from the jet outlet;
A hydroponics tank in which the root of the plant is disposed;
A mounting table for mounting the hydroponics tank;
A shelf support unit integrated with the mounting table and extending upward;
A vine shelf attached to an upper end portion of the shelf support portion and extending in a cantilevered state laterally with respect to the shelf support portion;
The hydroponics tank, the mounting table, the shelf support section, and the vine shelf constitute a primary greenhouse unit covered at a predetermined interval by the inner covering body,
The plant greenhouse heating device, wherein the wife side of the primary greenhouse unit is closed by a wife side covering.

A tenth aspect of the invention relates to
The plant greenhouse heating apparatus according to the ninth aspect of the present invention, wherein when the primary greenhouse units are arranged in a plurality of rows, the adjacent wives are substantially in close contact with each other.

The eleventh aspect of the present invention is:
The mounting table is a heating apparatus for a plant greenhouse according to the tenth invention, which is movable along two rails arranged in parallel.

  According to 1st invention, the air heated by the heating apparatus from the jet nozzle installed in the lower part of vertical surrounding space is sent out by a ventilation means. This heated air becomes an updraft and rises in the vertically enclosed space and is prevented from rising by the upper covering body, toward the tip of the vine leaf portion extending laterally with respect to the stem portion along the upper covering body. After proceeding, the vine leaves are sucked from the suction port at the tip and heated again by the heating device, and then forced circulation convection of heated air sent from the jets is generated, and the vine leaves are covered with the upper covering. Located in the heated air that is forced convection along. In other words, the vine leaves are arranged in air at a higher temperature than other parts in the greenhouse. In addition, the air sucked from the suction port is heated air that has flowed along the upper covering body, and even if the temperature is lowered by forced convection, the air that is located near the upper covering body is the air in other parts. Higher than the temperature. Further, since the heated air is forced to convection, the flow is faster than natural convection, and the temperature drop in the flow process is small. Therefore, the amount of heat to be heated to a predetermined temperature by the heating device can be less than that of heating the air located in the lower part of the greenhouse. Therefore, it is possible to provide a plant greenhouse heating device that consumes less energy for heating, and thus has the advantage of achieving the first object. In addition, at least when the first object can be achieved, it belongs to the technical scope of the present invention.

  According to the second invention, since the basic configuration is the same as that of the first invention, the first object of the present invention can be achieved. Furthermore, in the second invention, a lower covering body disposed at a predetermined distance below the vine leaf portion is disposed, and a horizontal vine surrounding space surrounded by the upper and lower sides is formed in cooperation with the upper covering body. The vine leaf portion is located in the lateral vine surrounding space, and the suction port is disposed in the lateral vine surrounding space. Therefore, the heated air that has risen in the vertical enclosure space flows toward the tip while being guided by the lateral vine enclosure space, and is then sucked into the suction port. Accordingly, the heated air flows while being guided by the upper cover and the lower cover. As a result, the air corresponding to the volume of the vertical enclosure space and the lateral vine enclosure space may be heated to a predetermined temperature by the heating device, so that the amount of air to be heated can be greatly reduced, and thus There is an advantage that a plant greenhouse heating apparatus with low energy consumption for heating can be provided, and the first object can be further achieved. In addition, since the upper and lower sides of the lateral vine leaf enclosure space are enclosed, the convection range is limited, so the heat retention effect is high, and the temperature of stems and vine leaves that require a temperature suitable for plant growth and fruit set is also high. Since the vicinity is kept at an appropriate temperature, there is an advantage that energy used for heating can be reduced and the first object can be further achieved.

According to the third invention, since the basic configuration is the same as that of the first or second invention, the first object in the present invention can be achieved. Further, when viewed from the wife side, a horizontal vine surrounding space is arranged on the left side of the vertical surrounding space, and a right lateral vine surrounding space is arranged on the right side, so that the vertical surrounding space and the left lateral vine are arranged. The leaf surrounding space and the right lateral vine surrounding space are T-shaped, and the inlet is arranged near the tip of each vine portion in the left lateral vine surrounding space and the right lateral vine surrounding space. . Therefore, in the case of vines such as melons, the vine, and thus the fruiting range, can be set to the left and right, so that the inside of the greenhouse can be used effectively, and there is an advantage that the second object which is the subordinate object of the present invention can be achieved.

According to the fourth invention, since the basic configuration is the same as the first to third inventions, the first object in the present invention can be achieved. Furthermore, since the hydroponic cultivation tank is arranged in a range opposite to the vertical surrounding space, the stem and vine leaves rooted in the hydroponic cultivation tank are arranged in a heated greenhouse, and the temperature is suitable for plants. Placed in the greenhouse. Therefore, there is an advantage that a plant greenhouse heating apparatus suitable for hydroponics can be provided, and the fourth object which is a subordinate object of the present invention can be achieved.

According to the fifth aspect, since the basic configuration is the same as that of the fourth aspect, the first object of the present invention can be achieved. Furthermore, it includes a vine shelf that is provided integrally with the hydroponics tank and extends upward in a cantilevered manner with respect to the upper portion of the shelf support portion that extends upward, and the inner covering body includes the hydroponics When viewed from the wife side with respect to the cultivation tank, at least in the left and right, the vertical surrounding space constituted by the left covering body and the right covering body that are set apart by a predetermined distance, and the vertical surrounding space in the upper part of the vertical surrounding space A left lateral vine surrounding space and a right lateral vine, each of which is formed by an upper covering that is communicated with the surrounding space and that is disposed at a predetermined distance above the vine shelf and a lower covering that is disposed at a predetermined distance below the vine shelf. Since the vertical surrounding space, the left lateral vine leaf surrounding space, and the right lateral vine leaf surrounding space have a T shape due to the leaf surrounding space, a plant greenhouse suitable for hydroponics of vines and other vines Heating equipment can be provided. The purpose there is an advantage that can be achieved objectives serving the second and fourth 従的 of.

According to the sixth invention, since the basic configuration is the same as the second to fifth inventions, the first object in the present invention can be achieved. Furthermore, since a work opening of a predetermined size is formed in the lower covering, the upper body or hand can be inserted from this work opening into the vine leaf-enclosed space during fruit harvesting, vine portion, and leaf maintenance. Therefore, the workability is excellent and there is an advantage that the third object can be achieved. Furthermore, since this work opening can be closed by the work opening lid, there is an advantage that the heat retaining effect can be maintained.

  According to the seventh aspect, since the basic configuration is the same as that of the first aspect, the first object of the present invention can be achieved. Further, a ventilation opening of a predetermined size is formed in the upper covering body, and the opening and closing can be performed by a ventilation opening lid. Therefore, in the summer, etc., when the temperature inside the inner cladding has risen above the predetermined temperature, the ventilation opening lid is opened to open the ventilation opening, and the warm air is released from the inner cladding using the rising nature of the warm air. By taking in the air in the outer sheath, the air temperature in the inner sheath can be adjusted within a predetermined temperature range, so that there is an advantage that the temperature in the inner sheath can be easily adjusted.

  According to the eighth invention, since the basic configuration is the same as that of the first invention, the first object of the present invention can be achieved. Furthermore, since the heat storage device is arranged in the soil below or below the vertical surrounding space, the air warmed by the heat storage device becomes a rising airflow in the vertical surrounding space, and the vine leaf surrounding space After reaching the upper space, circulation convection occurs in the upper space toward the tip side and sucked into the suction port at the tip of the vine shelf. Therefore, in addition to the heating device, air heated by the heat storage device is supplied to the vertical surrounding space and the horizontal surrounding space, so that there is an advantage that further energy saving can be achieved.

According to the ninth aspect, since the basic configuration is the same as that of the first aspect, the first object of the present invention can be achieved. Further, a suction port is opened in the vicinity of the tip of the basket shelf in the lateral vine surrounding space, a jet port is opened in the lower part of the vertical surrounding space, and a heating unit and a blowing unit are provided between the suction port and the jet port. Therefore, a circulating flow that circulates from the vertical surrounding space to the vertical surrounding space via the horizontal vine surrounding space is forcibly generated. In other words, forced convection is generated. Therefore, by this forced circulation convection, relatively warm air flows also to the vine portion and the leaf portion, and there is an advantage that the temperature in the inner covering body can be maintained while saving energy within a predetermined temperature range. Furthermore, the hydroponic cultivation tank in which the root part of a plant is arrange | positioned is mounted on the mounting base, and is arrange | positioned at the height suitable for work. A shelf support portion extending upward is integrated with the mounting table, and a vine shelf is attached to the upper end portion of the shelf support portion in a lateral cantilever state. Therefore, since the mounting table, the hydroponic cultivation tank, and the vine shelf are integrated, for example, the primary greenhouse unit can be easily moved in the outer covering body by making the mounting table guided by the rail and movable. Since it can move, there exists an advantage which can achieve the 5th objective which is a subordinate objective of this invention. Even if a part of the vine shelf, specifically, a part close to the hydroponic cultivation tank is integrated into the hydroponic cultivation tank, and the other part is retrofitted to the integrated vine shelf part. This belongs to the technical scope of integration in the present invention.

According to the tenth aspect, since the basic configuration is the same as that of the first aspect, the first object of the present invention can be achieved. In addition, when a plurality of primary greenhouse units are arranged, the adjacent wives are configured to be in close contact with each other.

According to the eleventh aspect, since the basic configuration is the same as that of the first aspect, the first object of the present invention can be achieved. Further, since the mounting table is movable along two parallel rails, the hydroponics apparatus can be easily moved, so that the fifth object, which is a subordinate object of the present invention, can be achieved. There is.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a plant greenhouse heating apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2: is a cross-sectional view of the heating apparatus for plant greenhouses of Example 1 concerning this invention. FIG. 3: is a top view of the heating apparatus for plant greenhouses of Example 1 concerning this invention. 4A and 4B are explanatory views of the plant greenhouse heating device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 4A is a plan view, FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. The front view seen from the Y direction in A), (D) is sectional drawing of a suction pipe, (E) is sectional drawing of a blowing pipe. FIG. 5: is the hydroponic cultivation apparatus installed in the plant greenhouse heating apparatus of Example 1 concerning this invention, (A) is a top view, (B) is a partial cross section side view. FIG. 6 is a plant greenhouse heating device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which (A) is an explanatory view similar to FIG. 4 (B), and (B) is a partially enlarged view of a work opening device and a ventilation device portion. (C) is the state figure which rolled up the lower end part of the left covering and formed the opening. FIG. 7: is a top view of the heating apparatus for plant greenhouses of Example 2 concerning this invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a plant greenhouse heating apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9: is a schematic plan view of the heating apparatus for plant greenhouses of Example 3 concerning this invention. FIG. 10: is a schematic explanatory drawing of the primary greenhouse unit of the heating apparatus for plant greenhouses of Example 4 concerning this invention, (A) is a top view, (B) is a front view, (C) is a schematic sectional drawing. is there. FIG. 11: is a schematic explanatory drawing of the primary greenhouse unit of the heating apparatus for plant greenhouses of Example 5 concerning this invention, (A) is a top view, (B) is XX sectional drawing in (A). is there.

The best mode of the plant greenhouse heating device of the present invention is at least an outer covering, a stem portion installed in the outer covering and extending generally upward of the plant, and a lateral direction with respect to the stem portion. A heating apparatus for a greenhouse of a plant comprising an inner covering that surrounds an extending vine portion, wherein the inner covering is installed at a predetermined distance from the stem portion at least on the left and right sides when viewed from the wife side. A vertical surrounding space constituted by a left covering body and a right covering body, a vertical surrounding space communicating with the vertical surrounding space at an upper portion of the vertical surrounding space, and a predetermined distance above the vine leaf portion. A covering and a lower covering disposed at a predetermined distance below, and a lateral vine surrounding space in which an end is closed by a tip covering covering connecting the ends of the upper covering and the lower covering; By the above The directional surrounding space and the lateral vine surrounding space have a T-shape, and are installed at the lower part of the vertical wrapping space and the suction port arranged near the tip of the vine leaf portion on the lower side of the upper covering. Hydroponic cultivation in which the spout, the heating device for heating the air sucked from the suction port, the blowing means for jetting the air heated by the heating device from the spout, and the root of the plant are arranged A tank, a mounting table for mounting the hydroponics tank, a shelf support unit that is integrated with the mounting table and extends upward, and is attached to an upper end of the shelf support unit; A vine shelf extending in a cantilevered state in the lateral direction, the hydroponics tank, the mounting table, the shelf support portion, and the vine shelf covered with the inner covering body at a predetermined interval A greenhouse unit is configured, and the wife side of the primary greenhouse unit is a wife side cover. When a plurality of the primary greenhouse units are arranged in a row, the adjacent wives are substantially in close contact with each other, and the mounting table is provided along two rails arranged in parallel. After the air heated by the heating device is ejected from the ejection port by the blowing means, the vertical enclosure space is raised, and then guided in the lateral direction along the upper covering. The plant greenhouse heating device is characterized in that forced circulation convection of heated air is caused by sucking fresh air from the suction port.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, Example 1 includes at least an outer covering 100, a stem portion 102 </ b> S that is installed in the outer covering 100 and extends almost upward of the plant 102, and a stem portion 102 </ b> S. A plant greenhouse heating device including an inner covering 104 surrounding a vine leaf portion 102VL (a vine portion 102V and a leaf portion 102L) extending in a lateral direction with respect to
When viewed from the wife side 112, the inner covering body 104 has a vertically-enclosed space 108 constituted by a left covering body 104L and a right covering body 104R that are installed at a predetermined distance apart from the stem portion 102S at least on the left and right sides, and
The upper covering body 104A communicates with the vertical surrounding space 108 in the upper part of the vertical surrounding space 108, and is installed at a predetermined distance above the vine leaf portion 102VL, and the lower covering is installed at a predetermined distance in the lower part. An inlet 222S including a lateral vine surrounding space 110 surrounded by a body 104U and disposed near the tip of the vine portion 102VL on the lower side of the upper covering 104A;
A spout 218J installed in the lower part of the vertical enclosure 108,
A heating device 214 for heating air sucked from the suction port 222S;
Including air blowing means 216 for jetting air heated by the heating device 214 from the jet outlet 218J,
After the air heated by the heating device 214 is ejected from the ejection port 218J by the air blowing means 216, the vertical enclosure space 108 is raised, and then guided laterally along the upper covering 104A. The plant greenhouse heating device is characterized in that forced circulation convection of heated air is caused by sucking fresh air from the suction port 222. In the present invention, the lower covering body 104U is not an essential component and may not be provided. However, the energy saving effect is higher when the lower covering 104U is provided.

First, the outer covering 100 will be described.
The outer covering 100 has a function of blocking the air in the outer covering 100 from the outside air and transmits light energy from the sun necessary for the photosynthesis of the plant 102, and electromagnetic waves (ultraviolet rays, visible light, In the first embodiment, the outer covering 100 is roughly a house type, and has a roof portion 100S, a left side wall portion 100L, a right side wall portion 100R, and a wife portion 100G, and thus viewed from the front. In this case, the left wife 100GL and the right wife 100GR are configured, and the material is configured by a resin film or resin plate such as a glass plate, polyvinyl chloride, or the like that transmits at least visible light from the sun and electromagnetic waves. The Although the outer covering 100 is supported by a casing such as a round pipe, the casing is not shown. Further, the outer covering 100 can be constructed in a double triple, but is determined from the viewpoint of installation cost and energy saving effect.

Next, the roof portion 100S will be described.
The roof portion 100S has a function of covering rain and snow directly so as not to fall on the soil 114 in the outer covering 100, and is formed into a gable type or a kamaboko (dome) type so that the rain and snow easily fall. In the first embodiment, it is formed in a gable shape.

Next, the left wall portion 100L will be described.
The left side wall portion 100L has a function of supporting the roof portion 100S together with the right side wall portion 100R, the left wife portion 100GL, and the right wife portion 100GR, and has a function of blocking the inside of the outer covering 100 from the outside air. Is configured by a flat plate made of the same material as that of the roof portion 100S, the lower end portion thereof is embedded in the soil 114 and is erected in a roughly vertical state, and the upper end thereof is connected to the roof portion 100S.

Next, the right side wall portion 100R will be described.
The right side wall portion 100R has the same function as the left side wall portion 100L. Similarly, in the first embodiment, the lower end portion is embedded in the soil 114 and is erected in a roughly vertical state, and the upper end is a roof. Connected to the unit 100S.

Next, the left wife 100GL will be described.
The left end portion 100GL has a function similar to that of the left side wall portion 100L. In the first embodiment, the lower end portion is embedded in the soil 114 and is erected in an approximately vertical state, and the upper end thereof is connected to the roof portion 100S. Has been. A part of the left wife 100GL is provided with an entrance 124 that can be opened and closed by a door 122. In addition, when the inside of the secondary greenhouse space 116 formed between the outer covering body 100 and the inner covering body 104 becomes a predetermined temperature or higher at the upper part, outside air is taken in to bring the secondary greenhouse space 116 to a predetermined temperature. A secondary greenhouse ventilator 126 for adjustment is installed. In the first embodiment, the secondary greenhouse ventilation device 126 attached to the left wife portion 100GL is a large ventilation fan, and functions as an inhaler 126I for taking outside air into the secondary greenhouse space 116, and the right wife portion The secondary greenhouse ventilation device 126 attached to the 100GR functions as an exhaust device 126O for exhausting the air in the secondary greenhouse space 116 to the outside. However, by providing one secondary greenhouse ventilation device 126 and properly using normal rotation and reverse rotation, it can be used as the suction device 126I or the exhaust device 126O.

Next, the right wife part 100GR will be described.
The right end portion 100GR has the same function as the left side wall portion 100L. In the first embodiment, the lower end portion is embedded in the soil 114 and is erected in an approximately vertical state, and the upper end thereof is attached to the roof portion 100S. It is connected.

  Therefore, the outer covering 100 has the same function and configuration as a publicly known greenhouse, and an already installed greenhouse or a newly installed greenhouse can be used.

Next, a plant 102 suitable for use in the plant greenhouse heating device 106 according to the present invention will be described mainly with reference to FIG.
Plants 102 that are preferably used in the present invention are vegetables and fruits that require a temperature environment in which a suitable temperature for growth and fruiting cannot be obtained naturally. In Japan, for example, melon 102M, whose origin is Africa, has a suitable growth temperature of 25 to 30 degrees, and it is necessary to prevent the night temperature from dropping below 18 degrees. Therefore, so-called house cultivation is mainly used in Japan, and heating is appropriately performed so as to satisfy the temperature condition. In addition to melon 102M, vegetables such as tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, paprika, bitter gourd and eggplants, citrus fruits such as mandarin oranges, strawberries, pears, cherry peaches, and the like are targeted. Hereinafter, an example of the melon 102M in which the plant 102 is cultivated by the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 132 will be described. However, the melon 102M may be open field cultivation with the soil 114 in the outer covering 100. Further, the present invention is also effective when cultivating vegetables and fruits in cold regions such as Siberia other than Japan.

Next, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 132 will be described mainly with reference to FIG.
The hydroponic cultivation device 132 has a function of allowing nutrients (fertilizer) necessary for the growth of the melon 102M to be mixed in the water so that it can be cultivated. In the first embodiment, the water in which the root 102R of the melon 102M is disposed A cultivation tank 134, a mounting table 136, a shelf support 138, and a vine shelf 142 are included.

First, the hydroponics tank 134 will be described.
The hydroponics tank 134 has a function of storing liquid fertilizer 144 in which liquid fertilizer is mixed with water while maintaining a predetermined water level, and in the first embodiment, a plane having an opening 134O whose upper surface is fully opened. A rectangular water tank is used. The bottom plate 134B at the center of the hydroponics tank 134 is connected to a delivery port of a liquid manure feed pump 141 of the liquid manure 144 in the storage tank 140, which will be described later, and a liquid manure supply port 134E through which the liquid manure 144 is delivered at a predetermined pressure. It is open. In addition, in order to prevent the water level of the liquid fertilizer 144 from exceeding the upper limit at the four corners of the hydroponics tank 134 in plan view, drain pipes 148A to 148D having a horizontal cross section having drain openings 146 on the upper surface are arranged. Yes. The lower end openings of the drain pipes 148A to 148D are collected in the storage tank 140 through a pipe (not shown). Since the drainage openings 146 of the drain pipes 148A to 148D arranged at the four corners of the hydroponic cultivation tank 134 are arranged on substantially the same horizontal line, the water level of the liquid fertilizer 144 in the hydroponic cultivation tank 134 is substantially constant. Kept.
A rectangular plate-like lid body 152 is placed in the opening 134O of the hydroponic cultivation tank 134, and the opening 134O is substantially closed. A medium opening 156 for the medium 154 is opened at the center of the lid 152, and a porous body as the medium 154, for example, a sponge, is integrated so as to protrude downward. Thus, when the lid 152 is placed so as to cover the opening 134O of the hydroponic cultivation tank 134, the lower end portion of the culture medium 154 is immersed in the liquid fertilizer 144. The culture medium 154 is seeded with melon 102M, and its root 102R extends from the culture medium 154 into the liquid fertilizer 144 in the hydroponic cultivation tank 134. The stem portion 102S of the melon 102M is supported by a splint (not shown) or the like so as to extend substantially vertically upward. In addition, as a preferable example of the hydroponic cultivation tank 134, please refer to Japanese Patent No. 5357594 related to the application of the present applicant. The hydroponics tank 134 is disposed in the vertical surrounding space 108 or in the horizontal vine surrounding space 110 above the vertical surrounding space 108. In other words, the hydroponics tank 134 is arranged in a range facing the vertical enclosure space 108.

Next, the mounting table 136 will be described.
The mounting table 136 has a function of supporting the hydroponics tank 134 horizontally, and is configured as a table type in the first embodiment. The mounting table 136 may be installed directly on the soil 114 or via moving means such as a caster. In order to maintain the function of leveling the hydroponics tank 134 and its horizontal state. It is preferable to attach the mechanism.

In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, two sets of wheels 168, specifically, left wheel 168L and right wheel 168R are attached to the lower end portion of mounting table 136 and installed on soil 114. The rails 170, specifically, the left rail 170L and the right rail 170R are respectively mounted, and a primary greenhouse unit 130 described later can be configured to move on the left rail 170L and the right rail 170R. In other words, the hydroponics tank 134, the shelf support portion 138, the vine shelf 142, and the inner covering body 104 supported on the mounting table 136 are on the left rail 170L and the right rail 170R on the left wheel 168L and the right wheel. Since it can be moved by rolling of 168R, it can be moved with a relatively small pressing force. Thereby, it is possible to reduce the labor when the hydroponics device 132 of the melon 102M that has entered the growing period is moved into the outer covering 100 for practical use.

Next, the shelf support part 138 will be described.
The shelf support portion 138 has a function of supporting the vine shelf 142 for supporting the vine portion 102V and the leaf portion 102L of the melon 102M. In the first embodiment, the lower end portion is fixed to the upper portion of the mounting table 136 and integrated. A lattice-shaped vine shelf 142 is fixed to the upper ends of the plurality of shelf support portions 138A to 138D provided in a horizontal direction.

Next, the vine shelf 142 will be described mainly with reference to FIGS.
The vine shelf 142 has a function of turning the vine portion 102V and the leaf portion 102L following the stem portion 102S of the melon 102M. In the first embodiment, the vine shelf 142 has a predetermined width (W1 in FIG. 3) and a predetermined length. 3 (L1 in FIG. 3), is formed in a lattice shape, and its central portion is attached to the upper end portion of the shelf support portion 138 in a substantially horizontal state. In other words, the vine shelf 142 is cantilevered laterally with respect to the shelf support portion 138 and has a cantilever vine shelf tip 142T (left vine shelf tip 142TL, right vine shelf tip 142TR). . The vine shelf 142 is maintained in a substantially horizontal state by supporting the intermediate portion and the tip portion thereof by a plurality of pillars 162 whose lower ends are protruded from the soil 114. The vine shelf 142 has a sufficient area to allow the vine to grow even when one melon 102M grows and the vine portion 102V and the leaf portion 102L grow. In addition, it is preferable to install the support column 162 after the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 132 is moved on the rail 170 and installed at a predetermined growth / fruit setting position. It is also possible to manufacture the entire vine shelf 142 as a single unit, but the vine shelf 142 part integrated with the vine shelf support part 138 is set as a range that is generally opposed to the vertically enclosed space 108, and other vine leaves are It may be assembled later when it needs to be extended.

The melon 102M is cultivated so that the vine portion 102V connected to the stem portion 102S grows along the vine shelf 142, and the melon fruit M is set in the vine shelf 142. Therefore, the vine leaf 142 has the vine leaf portion 102VL.

Next, the inner covering 104 will be described mainly with reference to FIG.
The inner covering 104 is disposed in the outer covering 100 and constitutes a primary greenhouse space 128 that surrounds the stem portion 102S, the vine portion 102V, and the leaf portion 102L of the melon 102M as the plant 102. The inner covering 104 is made of substantially one translucent material by the left covering 104L, the right covering 104R, the upper covering 104A, the lower covering 104U, the tip covering 104T, and the wife covering 104G. The three-dimensional shape formed by the sheet is configured, the shape viewed from the front, back, and plane is rectangular, and the side viewed from the wife side 112 is formed in a T shape. A space surrounded by the inner covering 104 is a primary greenhouse space 128. It should be noted that the outer covering body 100 and / or the inner covering body 104 can be doubled or tripled. When these are doubled or tripled, the outer covering body 100 or the inner covering body 104 constitutes a covering body in contact with the inter-soil space 166 described later. The outer covering body 100 and / or the inner covering body 104 is preferably constituted by a heat reflecting sheet or a heat insulating structure having translucency. This is to prevent the heat in the greenhouse from leaking outside. When the inner covering 104 is doubled, the space between the overlapping coverings 104 becomes a heat insulating structure.

Next, the left covering body 104L will be described.
The left covering body 104L has a function of defining the left side of the vertical surrounding space 108. In the first embodiment, the left covering body 104L is a sheet-like covering body disposed on the left side of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 132 in FIG. , A sheet-like body that is arranged on the left side of the leg portion of the T-shape and is generally suspended, and is constituted by a flat transparent vinyl sheet in the first embodiment. The lower end of the left covering 104L is embedded in the soil 114 or made as small as possible with respect to the gap with the soil 114 so that the gap is not substantially formed. When the melon 102M is cultivated using the soil 114 in the outer covering body 100, the left covering body 104L is located on the left side of the stem portion 102S, and is not directly beside the stem portion 102S in the example of FIG. 2 or FIG. Since the left covering 104L is arranged on the left side of the stem portion 102S, it can be said that the left covering 104L is installed on the left side with a predetermined distance from the stem portion 102S. Note that the left covering 104L is rolled up, crushed up, or formed so that an opening 118 can be formed between the soil 114 as shown in FIG. 6C for adjusting the temperature in the primary greenhouse space 128 in the summer. It is preferable that it can be removed.

Next, the right covering 104R will be described.
The right covering 104R has a function of defining the right side of the vertical surrounding space 108. In the first embodiment, the right covering 104R is a sheet-like covering disposed on the right side of the hydroponic cultivation device 132, and is a T-shape. It is a sheet-like body that is arranged on the right side of the leg portion of the mold and is substantially vertically suspended. In the first embodiment, it is made of a transparent vinyl sheet in the same manner as the left covering body 104L. The lower end of the right covering 104R is embedded in the soil 114, or the gap between the right cover 104R and the soil 114 is made as small as possible so that the gap is not substantially formed. The right covering 104R is similar to the left covering 104L described above in relation to the stem portion 102S. Moreover, it is preferable that the right covering 104R can be rolled up, rolled up, or removed so that the opening 118 can be formed between the right covering 104R and the soil 114, like the left covering 104L.

Next, the upper covering 104A will be described.
The upper covering body 104A has a function of guiding the heated air that has risen in the vertical surrounding space 108 in the horizontal direction, in other words, in the horizontal direction. It is a flat sheet-like body arranged in a parallel state, in other words, in a horizontal state apart, and the distance from the vine shelf 142 is an amount of a certain value or more so that the air flow in the inside is smoothly performed, For example, it may be about 50 centimeters, but is not limited thereto, and may be about 30 centimeters to 100 centimeters as necessary.

Next, the lower covering body 104U will be described.
The lower covering body 104U has a function of guiding the heated air that has been raised in the vertical surrounding space 108 in the horizontal direction, in other words, in the horizontal direction in cooperation with the upper covering body 104A. It is a flat sheet-like body arranged below a predetermined distance with respect to the vine shelf 142. The distance from the vine shelf 142 is an amount greater than a certain value, for example, about 50 centimeters, so that internal convection can be performed smoothly. However, it is not limited to this, and it may be about 30 to 100 centimeters as necessary. Since the lower covering 104U is divided by the stem portion 102S and the hydroponic cultivation device 132, the lower covering 104U is constituted by the lower left covering 104UL and the lower right covering 104UR. The right end of the lower left covering 104UL is connected to the upper end of the left covering 104L. This connection includes a structure in which both ends are substantially connected, such as overlapping. The left end of the lower right covering 104UR is connected to the upper end of the right covering 104R. This connection also includes a structure that substantially connects as described above. Note that the lower covering 104U is not an essential constituent element in the present invention. Further, in the summer, when the temperature in the primary greenhouse space 128 is lowered, the lower covering body 104U can be removed, or the lower covering body 104U can be hung so as to hang down from the tip end covering body 104T.

Next, the tip cover 104T will be described.
The tip cover 104T has a function of connecting the end of the upper cover 104A and the end of the lower cover 104U, in other words, the space between the end of the upper cover 104A and the lower cover 104U. The end portion has a function of forming a passage, and in the first embodiment, a sheet-like left tip portion covering body 104TL that connects the left end portion of the upper covering body 104A and the left end portion of the lower left covering body 104UL, The vine shelf 142 is disposed at a predetermined distance from the cantilever vine shelf tip 142T, and is configured to allow air to flow. The tip cover 104T is a sheet-like right tip cover 104TR that connects the right end of the upper cover 104A and the right end of the lower right cover 104UR. It is arranged with a predetermined distance between the portion 142T and air can flow. These connections include the aforementioned substantial connections. It is preferable that the left tip portion covering body 104TL and the left side wall portion 100L, and the right side wall portion 100R and the right tip portion covering member 104TR are closely contacted so as to be substantially zero. This is because when the temperature in the primary greenhouse space 128 rises above the proper temperature for growth, the temperature can be quickly lowered by promptly guiding the outside air outside the secondary greenhouse space 116 to the vertical enclosure space 108. As shown in FIG. 2, without using the tip covering member 104T, the upper covering member 104A and the lower covering member 104U are extended to the left side wall portion 100L and the right side wall portion 100R, respectively, and the lateral vine surrounding space 110 is extended. Therefore, the left lateral vine surrounding space 110L and the right lateral vine surrounding space 110R may be configured. In this case, strictly speaking, it cannot be said that the inner covering body 104 is installed in the outer covering body 100. However, in the present invention, when the overlapping is as shown in FIG. It is included in the category installed in 100. Further, the secondary greenhouse space 116 is divided in the vertical direction by the lateral vine surrounding space 110.

Next, the wife side covering body 104G will be described mainly with reference to FIG.
The wife side covering 104G has a function of covering the wife side 112 of the inner covering 104, and has a function of covering the left and right wife sides 112 of each primary greenhouse unit 130 described later. The left wife side covering body 104GL and the right wife side covering body 104GR are configured. However, when a plurality of primary greenhouse units 130 are arranged in parallel, it is only necessary to install the left wife side covering 104GL of the leftmost primary greenhouse unit 130 and the right wife side covering 104GR of the rightmost primary greenhouse unit 130. . In FIG. 3, since two primary greenhouse units 130 are arranged in parallel, the left wife side covering 104GL is provided on the left wife side 112L of the left first primary greenhouse unit 130A, and the right wife side 112R of the second primary greenhouse unit 130B is provided. A right wife side covering body 104GR is provided. In other words, the primary greenhouse space 128 of the first primary greenhouse unit 130A and the second primary greenhouse unit 130B communicate with each other on the wife side.

Next, the left wife side covering body 104GL will be described.
The left wife side covering body 104GL has a function of covering the left wife side 112L of the inner covering body 104, and is a T-shaped transparent sheet in the first embodiment.

Next, the right wife side covering body 104GR will be described.
The right wife side covering body 104GR has a function of covering the right wife side 112R of the inner covering body 104, and is a T-shaped transparent sheet in the first embodiment. The left covering body 104L, the right covering body 104R, the upper covering body 104A, the lower covering body 104U, the tip end covering body 104T, the left wife side covering body 104GL, and the right wife side covering body 104GR are a glass plate or an acrylic resin. Although a board etc. can be used and illustration was abbreviate | omitted, it is supported by the vine shelf 142, the support | pillar 162, and / or other members, and the above-mentioned positional relationship is maintained.

Next, the vertical surrounding space 108 will be described mainly with reference to FIGS.
The vertical surrounding space 108 has a function of guiding the heated air ejected from the ejection port 218J to the lateral vine surrounding space 110 disposed above, in other words, in the vertical direction. , Left covering 104L, right covering 104R, left wife side covering 104GL, and space between right wife side covering 104GR, stem portion 102S of melon 102M, in the case of hydroponics, hydroponics This is the space in which the device 132 is located. Therefore, since the left covering body 104L and the right covering body 104R are generally suspended, the vertical surrounding space 108 sandwiched between them is also generally suspended.

Next, the horizontal vine surrounding space 110 will be described.
The lateral vine surrounding space 110 has a function of locating the vine portion 102VL extending in the lateral direction from the stem portion 102S of the melon 102M and a function of guiding the air rising up the vertical surrounding space 108 in the lateral direction. In the first embodiment, it is surrounded by the upper covering body 104A, the lower covering body 104U (the lower left covering body 104UL, the lower right covering body 104UR), the left wife side covering body 104GL, and the right wife side covering body 104GR. In addition, the space is a space where the vine leaf portion 102VL (the vine portion 102V and the leaf portion 102L) of the melon 102M supported by the vine shelf 142 is located, and in the center thereof, the lower part is the upper end of the vertical enclosure space 108. It communicates with the department. In other words, the melon 102M has its stem portion 102S located in the vertical surrounding space 108, and the vine leaf portion 102VL (vine portion 102V and leaf portion 102L) located in the lateral vine leaf surrounding space 110.

Next, the primary greenhouse space 128 will be described.
The primary greenhouse space 128 is a space surrounded by the vertical surrounding space 108 and the horizontal vine surrounding space 110. Therefore, when viewed from the wife side 112, the primary greenhouse space 128 has a T shape, a plane, a front surface, and a rectangular shape when viewed from the back surface. Since the primary greenhouse space 128 is located in the secondary greenhouse space 116, the secondary greenhouse space 116 is located between the inner covering 104 and the outer covering 100 that define the primary greenhouse space 128, and thus Cooling from the outside of the primary greenhouse space 128 is mainly caused by natural convection in the secondary greenhouse space 116, so that the heat transfer coefficient is lower than heat conduction, and the heat insulation effect of the air in the primary greenhouse space 128 is enhanced. be able to. Specifically, as described above, since the secondary greenhouse space 116 is vertically divided by the lateral vine surrounding space 110, the natural convection in the secondary greenhouse space 116 is the lateral vine surrounding space 110. Occurs above.
Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, since the vine portion 102V and the leaf portion 102L of the melon 102M supported by the vine shelf 142 are in a sheet state, the lateral vine surrounding space 110 of the primary greenhouse space 128 is The upper space 110A and the lower space 110U (lower left space 110UL, lower right space 110UR) are divided by the vine shelf 142, the vine portion 102V, and the leaf portion 102L, and the left end of the upper left space 110AL of the upper space 110A. The left end of the lower left space 110UL is connected by a left connecting space 110CL located outside the left vine shelf tip 142T, and the right end of the upper right space 110AR of the upper space 110A and the right end of the lower right space 110UR are on the right side. They are connected by a right connection space 110CR located outside the vine shelf tip 142T. In FIG. 4B, the left tip cover 104TL is the left wall 100L of the outer cover 100, and the right tip cover 104TR is the right wall 100R.

Next, the inter-soil space 166 will be described mainly with reference to FIGS.
The inter-soil space 166 is a space sandwiched between the soil 114 in the secondary greenhouse space 116 and the lower covering 104U (the lower left covering 104UL, the lower right covering 104UR) covering the lower part of the vine shelf 142, more precisely, the lower left The left inter-soil space 166L between the covering 104UL and the soil 114 in the outer covering 100 and the right inter-soil space 166R between the lower right covering 104UR and the soil 114 in the outer covering 100. As a result, the inter-soil space 166 is interposed between the primary greenhouse space 128 facing the lower left covering body 104UL and the lower right covering body 104UR and the soil 114. Thereby, the heat retention effect in the multilayer greenhouse 106 for plants is further enhanced.

  As is clear from the above description, in the first embodiment, it is possible to configure the primary greenhouse unit 130 in which the inner covering 104 is configured with one hydroponic cultivation apparatus 132 as a unit. However, as shown in FIG. 3, when a large number of primary greenhouse units 130 are arranged in a row, the left wife side covering body 104GL and the right wife side covering body 104GR of the intermediate inner covering body 104 are not provided, and the innermost portion at the left end is provided. By providing the left wife side covering body 104GL of the covering body 104 and the right wife side covering body 104GR of the innermost covering body 104 at the rightmost end, the cost can be reduced.

Next, the active circulation heating device 212 will be described mainly with reference to FIG.
The active circulation heating device 212 generates a rising air flow by actively ejecting heated air in the primary greenhouse space 128, specifically from a jet outlet 218J installed in the lower part of the vertical enclosure space 108, and Heated air having a predetermined flow velocity in the melon 102M (mainly the leaf portion 102VL) is caused by forced suction from the inlet 222S at the end portion of the lateral vine surrounding space 110 to cause forced circulation convection of the heated air. In this Example 1, in the inter-soil space 166 below the lower left covering 104UL and the lower right covering 104UR, a function of positively maintaining a suitable growth temperature is generated. The heating device 214, the air blowing means 216, the spout 218J disposed at the lower part of the vertical surrounding space 108, and the suction port 222S disposed at the end of the lateral vine surrounding space 110 are included. Specifically, a left positive circulation heating device 212L is provided separately for the left lateral vine surrounding space 110L, and a right positive circulation heating device 212R is provided separately for the right lateral vine surrounding space 110R.

  The left positive circulation heating device 212L and the right positive circulation heating device 212R have the same configuration and are arranged symmetrically with the vertical surrounding space 108 in between, and therefore represent the left positive circulation heating device 212L. For the right positive circulation heating device 212R, the last L of the same reference sign is changed to R, and the description is omitted. The left positive circulation heating device 212L includes at least the heating device 214, and therefore the left heating device 214L, the blowing means 216, and therefore the left blowing means 216L, the blowing device 218, and therefore the left blowing device 218L, and the suction device 220 and thus the left suction device 220L. , A suction pipe 224, and therefore a left suction pipe 224L, a feed pipe 226, and thus a left feed pipe 226L.

First, the heating device 214 will be described.
The heating device 214 has a function of heating the air flow generated by the air blowing means 216, specifically, a function of heating the air sucked from the suction port 222S, and the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by burning fossil fuel. It is possible to use a fan heater system to be used, a high-temperature exhaust, or a hermetic heating apparatus that indirectly supplies heated air by supplying high-temperature air or high-temperature liquid generated by another heat source to the heat exchanger. In the fourth embodiment, a fan heater system that sends out exhaust heat generated by burning kerosene is employed as the heating device 214. The fan heater method has an advantage that the heating device 214 and the air blowing means 216 can be integrated.

Next, the left blowing means 216L will be described.
The left blowing means 216L has a function of sending the heated air generated in the left heating device 214L to the left blowing device 218L, in other words, a function of jetting the air heated by the heating device 214L from an outlet 218J described later. In the first embodiment, air blowing means driven by an electric motor is used, but it can be changed to another device having the same function. As the power source of the left blowing means 216L, the power generated by using natural energy described in the third embodiment can be stored in the storage battery 206 (see FIG. 8), or a commercial power source can be used. Note that the positions of the left blowing means 216L and the left heating device 214L may be interchanged. That is, after the air heated by the left heating device 214L is sucked by the left blowing means 216L, it can be sent to the left blowing device 218L.

Next, the left blower 218L will be described mainly with reference to FIG.
The left blowing device 218L has a function of blowing the heated air sent by the left blowing means 216L to the space below the vertical surrounding space 108, in other words, heated air from the jet outlet 218JJ installed at the bottom of the vertical surrounding space 108. In the first embodiment, there are blow pipes 218P crossing the primary greenhouse unit 130 and having a large number of jet outlets 218JJ, and thus left jet outlets 218JL formed on the peripheral wall, and therefore the left blow pipe 218PL. It is used. Therefore, the heated air is jetted from the plurality of left jet outlets 218JL of the left blower pipe 218PL to the lower space of the vertical surrounding space 108. In addition, a jet is a concept including the case where air blows out vigorously.

Next, the left suction device 220L will be described with reference to FIG.
The left suction device 220L has a function of sucking air in the vicinity of the vine shelf tip 142T in the left lateral vine surrounding space 110L, in other words, the suction port 222S, and hence the air in the vicinity of the vine shelf tip 142T from the left suction port 222SL. In the first embodiment, both ends are closed, the primary greenhouse unit 130 is crossed, and a large number of inlets 222S are formed in the peripheral wall half surface that is not opposed to the vine shelf tip 142T. Therefore, the left inlet The suction pipe 222P in which 222SL is formed, and therefore the left suction pipe 222PL is used. Thereby, the air at the left end of the left lateral vine surrounding space 110L, in other words, the air near the lower side of the upper covering 104A, wraps around the left suction pipe 222PL toward the anti-vine shelf tip 142T side, The air is sucked into the left suction pipe 222PL from the left suction port 222SL.

Next, the left suction pipe 224L will be described.
The left suction pipe 224L has a function of connecting the left suction device 220L and the suction port of the left blowing means 216L. In the first embodiment, a round pipe is used, but this is not limitative.

Next, the left feed pipe 226L will be described.
The left feed pipe 226L has a function of connecting the left blower 218L and the blowout port of the left heater 214L. In the fourth embodiment, a round pipe is used, but the present invention is not limited to this.

Next, the operation of the plant greenhouse heating apparatus 106 according to the first embodiment will be described.
In the first embodiment, air in the primary greenhouse space 128 and the secondary greenhouse space 116 (including the inter-soil space 166) is heated by electromagnetic waves from the sun, and the temperature rises. However, in the winter or the like when the outside temperature falls at night or the like, the outside temperature with respect to the outer covering 100 decreases, so the air in the secondary greenhouse space 116 is cooled by convection and the temperature in the secondary greenhouse space 116 is reduced. Along with the decrease, the temperature in the primary greenhouse space 128 also decreases due to convection, and the lower limit of the proper growth temperature, for example, 18 degrees cannot be maintained. Therefore, the left positive circulation heating device 212L and the right positive circulation heating device 212R are activated. Accordingly, the left heating device 214L and the right heating device 214R are operated to generate heated air, and the left heating device 214L and the left heating device 214L and the air flow generated by the operation of the left blowing device 216L and the right blowing device 216R The heated air generated in the right heating device 214R is supplied to the left blowing pipe 218PL or the right blowing pipe 218PR via the left feeding pipe 226L or the right feeding pipe 226R, respectively, and the left blowing pipe 218PL or the right blowing pipe is supplied. After being distributed approximately evenly over the entire length in 218PR, it is ejected from the plurality of left ejection ports 218JL or right ejection ports 218JR to the lower space of the vertical surrounding space 108. As a result, the heated air is lighter than the relatively cool air in the vertical surrounding space 108, and ascending airflow is generated in the vertical surrounding space 108. This rising air current rises around the mounting table 136 and the hydroponics tank 134, passes through the gap between the vine portion 102V and the leaf portion 102L of the vine shelf 142, reaches the upper space 110A, and finally the upper covering 104A. Is prevented from rising. The heated air that has been prevented from rising is separated into left and right, and proceeds to the left lateral vine surrounding space 110L or the right lateral vine surrounding space 110R, and the left vine shelf tip 142TL of the vine shelf 142 and the right vine shelf tip Forced circulation with a predetermined flow velocity that is sucked from the left suction port 222SL of the left suction pipe 222PL or the right suction port 222SR of the right suction pipe 222PR on the side of the part 142TR and returns to the left ventilation unit 216L or the right ventilation unit 216R again Convection is generated. In the forced convection process of the heated air, the warm air is gradually cooled by the air in the relatively low temperature secondary greenhouse space 116 and the air in the primary greenhouse space 128. Due to its nature, it flows with a predetermined thickness along the upper covering 104A, so the left vine shelf tip 142TL and the right vine shelf tip 142TR maintain a relatively higher temperature than other parts. Since the relatively high temperature air is heated again, the energy required for heating for reuse is also small. In other words, forced circulation convection of heated air flowing up the vertical surrounding space 108 and flowing to the front side of the left lateral vine surrounding space 110L or the right lateral vine surrounding space 110R is generated in the lateral vine surrounding space 110. Therefore, the stem portion 102S, the vine portion 102V, and the leaf portion 102L of the melon 102M can be placed in air at a temperature suitable for the growth thereof. In other words, even if the air heated by the left heating device 214L or the right heating device 214R is cooled by the air in the secondary greenhouse space 116, it is more than the air in the secondary greenhouse space 116. Since it is warm, the amount of heat used when the air drawn from the left suction port 222SL of the left suction pipe 222PL and the right suction port 222SR of the right suction pipe 222PR is heated again by the left heating device 214L or the right heating device 214R is increased. There is an advantage that it may be less and can save energy.
In addition, the heating device 214 (the left heating device 214L and the right heating device 214R) is supplied to the primary greenhouse space 128 partitioned by the vertical surrounding space 108 and the lateral vine surrounding space 110 in the secondary greenhouse space 116. Therefore, since the volume of air in the primary greenhouse space 128 may be heated to a predetermined temperature, the volume of air to be heated is limited, and energy saving can also be achieved. Furthermore, since the water evaporated from the leaf portion 102L rides on the forced circulation convection and is supplied again to the leaf portion 102L, it is reused to keep the humidity within a predetermined range. There is an advantage that energy consumption can be reduced. Furthermore, in order to promote the growth of plants, a concentration of carbon dioxide higher than that in air may be appropriate. However, when the carbon dioxide concentration is increased, the volume of the primary greenhouse space 128 is small. The supply amount may be small, and there is an advantage that the carbon dioxide concentration can be increased at low cost.

Next, Embodiment 2 will be described with reference to FIG.
The second embodiment is an example in which an improvement for improving the convenience of care regarding the vine shelf 142 and the vine portion 102V or the leaf portion 102L supported by the vine shelf 142 in the inner covering 104 is added to the first embodiment. This is an example in which a work opening device 172 and a primary greenhouse ventilation device 174 are provided on the covering 104. However, only the work opening device 172 may be added. In FIG. 6, illustration of the active circulation heating device 212 (the left active circulation heating device 212L and the right active circulation heating device 212R) is omitted, but in relation to the work opening device 172 described later, The positional relationship is designed so that the worker cannot work or does not have a difficult posture. In the second embodiment, the left tip cover 104TL uses the left cover 104L, and the right tip cover 104TR uses the right cover 104R.

First, the working opening device 172 will be described.
The work opening device 172 allows the operator to insert the upper body or hand into the lateral vine surrounding space 110 in order to care for the vine portion 102V, the leaf portion 102L, and the melon fruit M supported by the vine shelf 142. In the second embodiment, the left working opening device 172L is provided corresponding to the lower left covering 104UL, and the right working opening device 172R is provided corresponding to the lower right covering 104UR. Since the left working opening device 172L and the right working opening device 172R have the same configuration but are arranged symmetrically, the left working opening device 172L will be described as a representative. The description is omitted by changing L to R for display. As shown in FIG. 6B, the working opening 172H formed in the lower left covering 104UL, and therefore the left working opening 172HL, the working opening lid 172C, and therefore the left working opening lid 172CL, and the working opening lid hinge 172J, Accordingly, it includes a left working opening lid hinge 172JL and a working opening lid hook 172F, and thus a left working opening lid hook 172FL. The left work opening 172HL is a rectangular or circular opening that is large enough to allow the operator's upper body or hand to be inserted into the left work opening lid hinge 172JL provided at the left end of the left work opening 172HL. By attaching one end of the lid 172CL to be rotatable, the left work opening lid 172CL can be opened and closed by the left work opening lid 172CL, and the closed state is maintained by the left work opening lid hook 172FL in the closed state. Can be held in. Further, the work opening lid 172CL may not be provided as necessary.

Next, the primary greenhouse ventilation device 174 will be described.
The primary greenhouse ventilator 174 has a function of ventilating the air in the primary greenhouse space 128. In the second embodiment, the first primary greenhouse ventilator 1741 and the second primary greenhouse ventilator correspond to the upper covering 104A. A device 1742, a third primary greenhouse ventilator 1743, and a fourth primary greenhouse ventilator 1744, a first primary greenhouse ventilator 1741, a second primary greenhouse ventilator 1742, and a third primary greenhouse ventilator 1743; The fourth primary greenhouse ventilator 1744 is opened in the same direction, and the first primary greenhouse ventilator 1741 and the second primary greenhouse ventilator 1742, the third primary greenhouse ventilator 1743 and the fourth primary greenhouse ventilator 1744 are: It is arranged to open facing each other. Since the first primary greenhouse ventilator 1741, the second primary greenhouse ventilator 1742, the third primary greenhouse ventilator 1743, and the fourth primary greenhouse ventilator 1744 have the same configuration, they represent the first primary greenhouse ventilator 1741. Explain the second primary greenhouse ventilator 1742, the third primary greenhouse ventilator 1743, and the fourth primary greenhouse ventilator 1744 by changing the last number of the same symbol to the corresponding number and displaying it. Omitted.
Ventilation opening 174H formed in the upper covering 104A, and therefore the first ventilation opening 174H1, the ventilation opening lid 174C, therefore the first ventilation opening lid 174C1, and the ventilation opening lid hinge 174J, and therefore the first ventilation opening lid hinge. Includes 174J1. The first ventilation opening 174H1 is a rectangular or circular opening, and is opened to a size sufficient for ventilation. The first ventilation opening lid hinge 174J1 provided at the left end of the first ventilation opening 174H1 has a first ventilation opening lid. When one end of 174C1 is pivotably attached, the first ventilation opening lid 174C1 is configured to be able to open and close the first ventilation opening 174H1, and the closed state is maintained by its own weight in the closed state. ing. Accordingly, when the first primary greenhouse ventilator 1741, the second primary greenhouse ventilator 1742, the third primary greenhouse ventilator 1743, and the fourth primary greenhouse ventilator 1744 are opened, the rising airflow is generated in the primary greenhouse space 128. As a result, the warm air in the primary greenhouse space 128 flows out into the secondary greenhouse space 116. In order to efficiently perform the updraft in the primary greenhouse space 128, the left covering 104L and / or the lower covering opening (not shown) provided in the right covering 104R, or the left covering 104L and / or Alternatively, the right covering 104R is rolled up (see FIG. 6 (C)), or it is lifted up to form an opening 118 between the surface of the soil 114, thereby discharging warm air in the primary greenhouse space 128 more efficiently. can do. Further, when it is desired to lower the temperature in the primary greenhouse space 128, the secondary greenhouse ventilation device 126 can be operated to forcibly discharge the air in the secondary greenhouse space 116 to the outside. In this case, the first ventilation opening lid 174C1 is pushed up by the air flow flowing out from the primary greenhouse space 128 to the secondary greenhouse space 116 to open the first ventilation opening 174H1, and the outflow of air in the primary greenhouse space 128 is also promoted. Is done. Further, by combining the second embodiment with the heat storage device 178 in the third embodiment which will be described later, the temperature in the primary greenhouse space 128 can be appropriately maintained while saving energy.

In the second embodiment, the left working opening 172HL or the right working opening is opened by opening the working opening device 172, and therefore the left working opening lid 172CL of the left working opening device 172L or the right working opening lid 172CR of the right working opening device 172R. Since the upper body or hand can be inserted into the lateral vine surrounding space 110 via the 172HR, the vine portion 102V, the leaf portion 102L, the melon fruit M or the like can be easily maintained. Also, the required number of the primary greenhouse ventilator 174, and therefore the required number of the first primary greenhouse ventilator 1741, the second primary greenhouse ventilator 1742, the third primary greenhouse ventilator 1743, and the fourth primary greenhouse ventilator 1744. Since the primary greenhouse space 128 can be ventilated by opening the primary greenhouse ventilation device 174, the temperature in the primary greenhouse space 128 can be lowered. In other words, when the temperature in the primary greenhouse space 128 becomes higher than the appropriate temperature of the melon 102M, there is an advantage that the temperature can be lowered by ventilation.

Next, Embodiment 3 will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the third embodiment, in order to further save energy compared to the first embodiment, a heat storage device 178 is arranged in the soil 114 below the vertical enclosure 108 and is used for heating forced circulation convection. is there. The heat storage device 178 has a function of heating the air in the primary greenhouse space 128 surrounded by the inner covering body 104, and is embedded in the soil 114 below the mounting table 136 in the first embodiment. However, the heat storage device 178 can also be arranged at the lower part of the vertical enclosure 108 or at another position. However, it is preferable to arrange the heat storage device 178 below or below the vertical enclosure space 108. Further, air can be heated in the heating device 214 using the heat stored in the heat storage device 178.

Next, the heat storage device 178 will be described.
The heat storage device 178 has a function of storing heat by storing the heated heat storage medium 188. In the third embodiment, the heat storage device 178 includes a heat storage medium tube 186 and a medium heating device 194.

Next, the heat storage medium pipe 186 will be described.
The heat storage medium tube 186 has a function of storing the heat storage medium 188. In the first embodiment, the heat storage medium tube 186 is configured by a hollow tube, and is disposed in a heat storage groove 182 having a channel shape in a cross section formed in the soil 114. The heat storage groove 182 extends in the purlin direction of the outer covering 100 and is formed by excavating the soil 114. The heat storage groove 182 is provided with a channel-type heat insulation groove 184 formed of a heat insulating material, and a heat storage medium pipe 186 is disposed in the groove 184G formed in the heat insulation groove 184. The heat storage medium pipe 186 is filled with a heat storage medium 188. As the heat storage medium 188, water, alternative chlorofluorocarbon, ammonia or the like is assumed, but it is preferable to use water in consideration of price and environmental pollution. A groove lid 192 is installed above the heat storage medium pipe 186 facing the hydroponic cultivation tank 134, and the heat storage medium pipe 186 in other parts is embedded in the soil 114. The groove lid 192 is formed in a flat plate shape or a flat plate lattice shape with a porous material in order to efficiently transfer the heat radiated from the heat storage medium tube 186 to the vertical surrounding space 108. Note that the heat storage medium 188 stored in the heat storage medium pipe 186 can use air in the primary greenhouse space 128 for cooling. For example, in summer, the soil 114 is cooled by storing cold water lower than the temperature, and the air in the primary greenhouse space 128 is indirectly cooled through the soil 114, or around the heat storage medium pipe 186. Alternatively, the air in the primary greenhouse space 128 may be actively sent and cooled, and then returned to the primary greenhouse space 128. Therefore, heat storage is a concept that includes both heating and cooling. Storage is a concept including the case where the heat storage medium 188 flows in addition to the case where the heat storage medium 188 is stationary in the heat storage medium pipe 186. For example, the case where water (cold water or hot water) as the heat storage medium 188 is forced to flow in the heat storage medium pipe 186 is also included.

Next, the medium heating device 194 will be described.
The medium heating device 194 has a function of heating the heat storage medium 188 stored in the heat storage medium pipe 186. In the third embodiment, in order to actively heat the primary greenhouse space 128 in winter or the like, natural energy is used. The medium heating device 194 is connected to the heat storage medium pipe 186. As the medium heating device 194, for example, a solar heat conversion device 196, a solar power generation device 198, a wind power generation device 202, or the like can be used. The solar heat converter 196 preferably uses a solar water heater 204 in which water as the heat storage medium 188 in the glass tube is heated by electromagnetic waves from the sun. That is, by connecting the water inlet 204I and the water outlet 204O of the solar water heater 204 to the heat storage medium pipe 186 by piping, the water in the heat storage medium pipe 186 is heated during the day, and the heat storage medium pipe 186 is used at night when the temperature falls. The air in the vertical enclosure space 108 is positively heated by radiating heat from the air. When the solar power generation device 198 is used, the electric power generated by the solar panel 205 is stored in the storage battery 206, and when the outside air temperature is lowered at night or the like and the temperature in the primary greenhouse space 128 needs to be increased, the heat storage medium tube The electric heater 208 as the medium heating device 194 disposed in the 186 is heated to generate heat. The electric heater 208 may be installed in a heat exchanger (not shown) provided separately, and water heated by the heat exchanger may be supplied to the heat storage medium pipe 186. When the wind power generator 202 is used, the generated power is stored in the storage battery 206, and the heater 208 is heated to heat the heat storage medium 188 as described above. In addition, as the medium heating device 194, fermentation heat, factory waste heat, a heater using fossil fuel, or the like can be used. The heat storage device 178 in the third embodiment can be combined with the work opening device 172 and / or the primary greenhouse ventilation device 174 in the second embodiment.

Next, the operation of the third embodiment will be described.
A heat storage device 178 is disposed below the vertical enclosure 108, and its temperature is higher than that of the surrounding soil 114. Therefore, since the soil 114 and the groove cover 192 located above the heat storage device 178 are heated, the temperature of the air in contact with the soil 114 and the groove cover 192 becomes higher than the surrounding air, and the density becomes lower. Ascending air current is generated. This ascending air current is mixed with the heated air ejected from the ejection port 218J to form the forced circulation convection described in the first embodiment. By this forced circulation convection, the primary greenhouse space 128 can be maintained at a temperature suitable for the growth of the melon 102M, and the advantage of further saving energy by combining with the plant greenhouse heating device 106 in the present invention. There is.

Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In the fourth embodiment, the positive circulation heating device 212 in the first embodiment is automatically operated based on the temperature in the primary greenhouse space 128 to achieve automation. That is, a temperature sensor 228 and a control device 232 are added, and the control device 232 automatically activates or stops the active circulation heating device 212 to adjust the air temperature in the primary greenhouse space 128 to a predetermined plant growth appropriateness. Has the function of maintaining the temperature.
In Example 4, the first primary greenhouse unit 130A to the seventh primary greenhouse unit 130G are arranged in a row, the left wife side covering 104GL of the first primary greenhouse unit 130A, and the seventh primary greenhouse unit 130G. Only the right wife side covering body 104GR is provided, and the primary greenhouse space 128 of the first primary greenhouse unit 130A to the seventh primary greenhouse unit 130G is integrated.

First, the temperature sensor 228 will be described.
The temperature sensor 228 has a function of measuring the temperature in the lateral vine surrounding space 110 and outputting it as an electrical signal, and a known electric temperature sensor is used. In the fourth embodiment, the lateral vine surrounding space 110L is used. A left temperature sensor 228L is disposed in the vicinity of the entrance, and a right temperature sensor 228R is disposed in the vicinity of the entrance of the right lateral vine surrounding space 110R.

First, the left temperature sensor 228L will be described.
The left temperature sensor 228L has a function of measuring the temperature in the left lateral vine surrounding space 110L and outputting it as an electrical signal. A known electrical temperature sensor is used. In the fourth embodiment, the primary greenhouse space 128 is used. At the entrance of the left lateral vine surrounding space 110L. In the fourth embodiment, the first side of the left primary vine surrounding space 110L, that is, the end of the first primary greenhouse unit 130A located at the leftmost end of the first primary greenhouse unit 130A to the seventh primary greenhouse unit 130G. The left temperature sensor 228L1, and the second left temperature sensor 228L2 at the entrance of the left lateral leaf surrounding space 110L of the seventh primary greenhouse unit 130G located at the rightmost end and the right lateral leaf of the first primary greenhouse unit 130A A first right temperature sensor 228R1 is disposed at the entrance of the surrounding space 110R, and a second right temperature sensor 228R2 is disposed at the entrance of the right lateral vine surrounding space 110R of the seventh primary greenhouse unit 130G. However, the temperature sensor 228 can be further increased / decreased and placed at an optimal position.

Next, the control device 232 will be described.
When the measured temperature from the temperature sensor 228 falls below the lower limit set temperature, the control device 232 activates the air blowing means 216 and the heating device 214, and when the measured temperature from the temperature sensor 228 exceeds the upper limit set temperature, It has a function to stop the operation of the air blowing means 216 and the heating device 214, and in the fourth embodiment, it is constituted by a microcomputer, a contactor, etc., but it is changed to another device having the same function. I can do it. In the fourth embodiment, any one of the first left temperature sensor 228L1, the second left temperature sensor 228L2, the first right temperature sensor 228R1, or the second right temperature sensor 228R2 detects a temperature equal to or lower than a predetermined lower limit set temperature. In this case, the left positive circulation heating device 212L and the right positive circulation heating device 212R are operated, and when all the temperature sensors 228 exceed a predetermined upper limit set temperature, the operation is stopped. . However, if an air temperature signal equal to or lower than the predetermined lower limit temperature is output from either the first left temperature sensor 228L1 or the second left temperature sensor 228L2, the left positive circulation heating device 212L is operated and the predetermined upper limit temperature is set. When the above signal is output, the operation of the left positive circulation heating device 212L may be stopped. The same applies to the operation of the right positive circulation heating device 212R.

Next, the operation of the fourth embodiment will be described.
As long as one of the first left temperature sensor 228L1, the second left temperature sensor 228L2, the first right temperature sensor 228R1 or the second right temperature sensor 228R2 is not detected to fall below the lower limit set temperature, the left positive circulation type Neither the heating device 212L nor the right positive circulation heating device 212R is operated. That is, when an air temperature lower than the lower limit set temperature is detected from any one of the temperature sensors 228L1 to 228R2, the left positive circulation heating device 212L and the right positive circulation heating device 212R are activated. Accordingly, as described in detail in the first embodiment, the heated air is forcibly circulated to generate forced circulation convection, and the primary greenhouse space 128 is maintained at a predetermined temperature. When all of the first left temperature sensor 228L1 to the second right temperature sensor 228R2 exceed the upper limit set temperature, the operation of the left positive circulation heating device 212L and the right positive circulation heating device 212R is stopped. A left positive circulation heating device 212L and a right positive circulation heating device 212R are provided for each of the first primary greenhouse unit 130A to the seventh primary greenhouse unit 130G, and a left temperature sensor 228L provided for each primary greenhouse unit 130. Alternatively, when an air temperature lower than the lower limit set temperature is detected from the right temperature sensor 228R, the left positive circulation heating device 212L or the right positive circulation heating device 212R corresponding to the left temperature sensor 228L or the right temperature sensor 228R is operated, When an air temperature exceeding the upper limit set temperature is detected, the corresponding left positive circulation heating device 212L or right positive circulation heating device 212R may be stopped.

Next, a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
Example 5 is an example in which the inner covering 104 is formed in a circular shape in plan view. Therefore, the overall shape of the primary greenhouse unit 130 is a mushroom type, and when viewed from the wife side, it is when a cross section passing through the center line is viewed. The same parts as those in the first to fourth embodiments already described are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and different configurations will be described. The vertical surrounding space 108 is configured by a circular covering body 104, and the left covering body 104L and the right covering body 104R are not clearly distinguished as in the first to fourth embodiments, but as shown in FIG. In the cross-sectional view, the part appearing on the left side is the left covering 104L, and the part appearing on the right side is the right covering 104R. Accordingly, the upper cover 104A is a disk shape, and the lower cover 104U is a circular donut shape. Similarly, the vine shelf 142 has a disk shape. The suction pipe 222P and the outlet pipe 218P are formed in a circular ring shape. The positive circulation type heating device 212 is provided with a pair of the left positive circulation type heating device 212L and the right positive circulation type heating device 212R mainly for the hydroponic cultivation device 132, but three or more may be provided. It may be one. The action and effect of the heated air by the left heating device 214L and the right heating device 214R in the fifth embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment. In the fifth embodiment, since it has a circular shape in plan view, it is suitable for tomatoes, melons, pears, grapes, or the like that can grow the vine portion 102VL all around.

100 outer sheath
102 plants
102R root
102S stem part
102VL vine leaves
102V vine part
102L leaf part
104 Inner sheath
104A top cover
104G wife side covering
104L left covering
104R Right sheath
104T tip cover
104U lower sheath
106 Plant greenhouse heating system
108 Vertical enclosure
110 Horizontal vine surrounding space
112 Wife side
114 soil
130 Primary greenhouse unit
134 Hydroponics tank
136 mounting table
138 shelf support
142 Vine shelf
142T vine shelf tip
166 Intersoil space
170 rails
172C work opening lid
172H Work opening
174C Ventilation opening lid
174H Ventilation opening
178 Heat storage device
216 Air blowing means
218J spout
222S inlet

Claims (11)

At least the outer covering (100), a stem portion (102S) installed in the outer covering (100) and extending generally upward of the plant (102), and a transverse to the stem portion (102S) A plant greenhouse heating device (106) comprising an inner covering (104) surrounding a vine portion (102VL) extending in a direction,
The inner covering (104) is a left covering (104L) and a right covering (at least a predetermined distance apart from each other) when viewed from the wife side (112) with respect to the stem portion (102S). 104R) and the vertically enclosed space (108),
The upper covering body (104A) that communicates with the vertical surrounding space (108) in the upper part of the vertical surrounding space (108), and is installed at a predetermined distance above the vine leaf part (102VL),
An inlet (222S) disposed near the tip of the vine portion (102VL) on the lower side of the upper covering (104A);
A spout (218J) installed at the lower part of the vertically enclosed space (108),
A heating device (214) for heating air sucked from the suction port (222S);
Air blowing means (216) for jetting air heated by the heating device (214) from the jet outlet (218J),
After the air heated by the heating device (214) is ejected from the ejection port (218J) by the air blowing means (216), the vertically enclosed space (108) is raised, and then the upper covering (104A) ), A forced circulation convection of the heated air is generated by sucking in air guided in the lateral direction along the air) from the suction port (222S). Further, it includes a lateral vine surrounding space (110) surrounded by a lower covering (104U) installed at a predetermined distance below the vine portion (102VL),
The plant greenhouse heating device according to claim 1, wherein the inlet (222S) is disposed in the lateral vine surrounding space (110). When viewed from the wife side (112), a left lateral vine surrounding space (110L) is disposed on the left side of the vertical surrounding space (108), and a right lateral vine surrounding space (110R) is disposed on the right side. Thus, the vertical surrounding space (108), the left lateral vine surrounding space (110L) and the right lateral vine surrounding space (110R) have a T-shape,
The inlet (222S) is disposed in the vicinity of the tip of each vine portion (102VL) in the left lateral vine surrounding space (110L) and the right lateral vine surrounding space (110R). The heating apparatus for plant greenhouses as described in any one of Claims 1-2. The plant greenhouse heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a hydroponic cultivation tank (134) is disposed in a range opposite to the vertical enclosure space (108). A vine shelf (142) extending in a cantilevered manner laterally with respect to the upper portion of the shelf support portion (138) provided integrally with the hydroponics tank (134) and extending upward,
The inner covering (104) is a left covering (104L) and a right covering that are installed at a predetermined distance apart from each other at least on the left and right sides when viewed from the wife side (112) with respect to the hydroponics tank (134). A vertically enclosed space (108) constituted by a body (104R);
The upper covering body (104A) communicates with the vertical surrounding space (108) at the upper part of the vertical surrounding space (108), and is disposed at a predetermined distance above the vine shelf (142) and at a predetermined distance at the lower part. By the left lateral vine surrounding space (110L) and the right lateral vine surrounding space (110R) constituted by the lower covering body (104U) installed at a distance, the vertical surrounding space (108) and the left lateral leaf The heating apparatus for a plant greenhouse according to claim 4, wherein the surrounding space (110L) and the right lateral vine surrounding space (110R) are T-shaped.   A work opening (172H) having a predetermined size is formed in the lower covering (104U), and the work opening (172H) can be opened and closed by a work opening lid (172C). Item 6. A plant greenhouse heating device according to any one of Items 2 to 5.   The upper cover (104A) has a ventilation opening (174H) having a predetermined size, and the ventilation opening (174H) can be opened and closed by a ventilation opening lid (174C). Item 7. A plant greenhouse heating device according to any one of Items 1 to 6.   The plant greenhouse heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a heat storage device (178) is disposed below or below the vertical enclosure space (108). At least the outer covering (100), a stem portion (102S) installed in the outer covering (100) and extending generally upward of the plant (102), and a transverse to the stem portion (102S) A plant greenhouse heating device (106) comprising an inner covering (104) surrounding a vine portion (102VL) extending in a direction,
The inner covering (104) is a left covering (104L) and a right covering (at least a predetermined distance apart from each other) when viewed from the wife side (112) with respect to the stem portion (102S). 104R) and the vertically enclosed space (108),
An upper covering body (104A) that communicates with the vertical surrounding space (108) in the upper part of the vertical surrounding space (108), is placed at a predetermined distance above the vine leaf part (102VL), and a predetermined part in the lower part. The lateral direction in which the end is closed by the lower covering (104U) installed at a distance, and the tip covering (104T) connecting the ends of the upper covering (104A) and the lower covering (104U) Due to the vine surrounding space (110), the vertical surrounding space (108) and the horizontal vine surrounding space (110) have a T-shape,
An inlet (222S) disposed near the tip of the vine portion (102VL) on the lower side of the upper covering (104A);
A spout (218J) installed at the lower part of the vertically enclosed space (108),
A heating device (214) for heating air sucked from the suction port (222S);
Blowing means (216) for jetting air heated by the heating device (214) from the jet outlet (218J),
A hydroponic tank (134) in which the root (102R) of the plant (102) is disposed;
A mounting table (136) for mounting the hydroponics tank (134);
A shelf support (138) integrated with the mounting table (136) and extending upward;
A vine shelf (142) attached to the upper end of the shelf support portion (138) and extending in a cantilevered state laterally with respect to the shelf support portion (138),
The hydroponics tank (134), the mounting table (136), the shelf support (138), and the vine shelf (142) are covered with the inner cover (104) at a predetermined interval. Constituting the primary greenhouse unit (130),
The plant greenhouse heating device, wherein the wife side (112) of the primary greenhouse unit (130) is closed by a wife side covering body (104G).   The plant greenhouse heating device according to claim 9, wherein when the primary greenhouse units (130) are arranged in a plurality of rows, the adjacent wives (112) are substantially in close contact with each other. . The plant greenhouse heating device according to claim 10, wherein the mounting table (136) is movable along two rails (170) arranged in parallel.

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