JP2018148881A - Feed for bluefin tuna larval fish - Google Patents

Feed for bluefin tuna larval fish Download PDF

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JP2018148881A
JP2018148881A JP2018042010A JP2018042010A JP2018148881A JP 2018148881 A JP2018148881 A JP 2018148881A JP 2018042010 A JP2018042010 A JP 2018042010A JP 2018042010 A JP2018042010 A JP 2018042010A JP 2018148881 A JP2018148881 A JP 2018148881A
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bluefin tuna
feed
larvae
fish meat
tuna larvae
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JP7075040B2 (en
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宏之 松成
Hiroyuki Matsunari
宏之 松成
幸司 村下
Koji Murashita
幸司 村下
剛史 山本
Takashi Yamamoto
剛史 山本
橋本　博
Hiroshi Hashimoto
博 橋本
一紀 久門
Kazunori Kumon
一紀 久門
岳史 江場
Takeshi Eba
岳史 江場
諒敬 大谷
Munetaka Otani
諒敬 大谷
洋二 門田
Yoji Kadota
洋二 門田
謙嗣 三宅
Kenji Miyake
謙嗣 三宅
健造 三代
Kenzo Mishiro
健造 三代
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Hayashikane Sangyo Co Ltd
Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency
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Hayashikane Sangyo Co Ltd
Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide feed to breed bluefin tuna larval fish with materials available inexpensively and stably on the market.SOLUTION: Fish meat is blended with raw young sardines to decompose fish meat protein with the raw young sardines, and the resultant fish meat protein decomposition product is used as feed for bluefin tuna larval fish.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

本発明は、魚肉と生シラスを含む魚肉タンパク質分解物からなるクロマグロ仔魚用飼料及びその製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a bluefin tuna larvae feed comprising a fish protein degradation product containing fish meat and raw shirasu, and a method for producing the same.

乱獲や気象変動などの影響によって、水産資源は年々減少傾向にある。このため、２０世紀後半から養殖による水産物の生産量が激増している。   Fishery resources are decreasing year by year due to overfishing and weather fluctuations. For this reason, the production of marine products by aquaculture has increased dramatically since the latter half of the 20th century.

しかし、養殖するためには、対象となる生物の生態を知る必要があり、マダイやトラフグ、ヒラメなどは、親魚を育成して採卵受精、ふ化、稚魚、成魚、採卵受精と、魚の世代交代を全て管理した完全養殖がおこなわれているが、大部分は天然の稚魚を捕獲して種苗としているのが現状である。
我が国で需要が高いクロマグロは、絶滅が危惧されている種であり、資源保護の観点からも、養殖用種苗を人工種苗で賄い、安定的に確保できる技術の開発が強く求められている。 However, in order to cultivate, it is necessary to know the ecology of the target organisms. For example, red sea bream, tiger pufferfish, and flounder raise their parent fish to fertilize, hatch, fry, fry, adult fertilized eggs, and change generations All farms are managed in full culture, but most of them are natural larvae that are used as seedlings.
Bluefin tuna, which is in high demand in Japan, is a species that is threatened with extinction, and from the viewpoint of resource conservation, there is a strong demand for the development of technology that can be secured stably by using artificial seedlings for aquaculture seedlings.

マグロ稚魚用飼料としては、食品添加物として認可されているゲル化剤を魚用飼料原料に添加しグミ状とした配合飼料が提案されている（特許文献１）が、この飼料は、２０〜７０日又は全長２０〜２００ｍｍ程度のマグロ稚魚を対象とするものであった。   As a feed for tuna fry, a mixed feed prepared by adding a gelling agent approved as a food additive to a raw material for fish feed has been proposed (Patent Document 1). It was intended for tuna fry of 70 days or a total length of about 20 to 200 mm.

クロマグロの種苗生産においては、全長１０〜２０ｍｍのクロマグロ仔魚にイシダイやハマフエフキなどのふ化仔魚（以下餌料用ふ化仔魚とする）を大量に餌として給餌することが必須となっており、これらをクロマグロの種苗生産期に合わせて，大量かつ安定的に供給するためには、餌料用ふ化仔魚の親魚を多数飼育するための施設や高度な採卵技術が必要であり、餌料用ふ化仔魚の供給能力がクロマグロ種苗の量産化を制限する要因となっている。クロマグロ種苗の量産化のためには、飼料用ふ化仔魚の代わりとなる配合飼料の開発が必要とされている。   In bluefin tuna seedling production, it is indispensable to feed a large amount of hatchery larvae such as sea bream and kingfisher (hereinafter referred to as hatchery larvae for feed) to bluefin tuna larvae with a total length of 10 to 20 mm. In order to supply a large amount and stably in accordance with the seedling production season, facilities for breeding a large number of hatchery larvae for feed and advanced egg collection technology are necessary. This is a factor limiting mass production of seedlings. For the mass production of bluefin tuna seedlings, it is necessary to develop a mixed feed that can replace the hatched larvae for feed.

特開２０１１−２０６０５２号公報JP 2011-206052 A

本発明の目的は、全長１０ｍｍ程度のクロマグロ仔魚から摂餌可能で、安定的に製造可能なクロマグロ仔魚用飼料を提供することである。   An object of the present invention is to provide a feed for bluefin tuna larvae that can be fed from a bluefin tuna larvae having a total length of about 10 mm and can be stably produced.

本発明者らは、餌料用ふ化仔魚に代え、生のシラスに含まれる消化酵素を利用し、主原料である生シラスと魚肉の混合物を低分子化処理することにより得られた原料を用いた飼料を試作し、全長１０ｍｍのクロマグロ仔魚へ給餌したところ、餌料用ふ化仔魚を給餌した場合と同様に成長することが確認できたため、本発明に至った。   The present inventors used a raw material obtained by lowering the molecular weight of a mixture of raw shirasu and fish meat, which is a main raw material, using digestive enzymes contained in raw shirasu instead of hatched larvae for feed When a feed was prototyped and fed to a bluefin tuna larvae having a total length of 10 mm, it was confirmed that the feed grew in the same manner as when the hatched larvae for feeding were fed. Thus, the present invention was achieved.

本発明のクロマグロ仔魚用飼料は、魚肉と生シラスを含有する魚肉タンパク質分解物からなり、魚肉と生シラスを混合し、生シラスに含まれる消化酵素を利用して生シラスと魚肉のタンパク質を分解することにより製造することができる。   The feed for bluefin tuna larvae of the present invention consists of a fish protein hydrolyzate containing fish meat and raw shirasu, mixed with fish meat and raw shirasu, and decomposes the protein of raw shirasu and fish meat using digestive enzymes contained in the raw shirasu Can be manufactured.

本発明における魚肉とは、生シラス以外で入手が容易な魚であれば種類を問わない。具体的には、マアジ、ボラ、スズキ、トビウオなどの白身魚が好適に使用できる。   The fish meat in the present invention may be of any kind as long as it is a fish that is easily available except raw shirasu. Specifically, white fish such as horse mackerel, mullet, perch and flying fish can be used preferably.

本発明のクロマグロ仔魚用飼料は、生シラスと魚肉をすり潰して混合し、生シラスの消化酵素により生シラスと魚肉のタンパク質を分解して製造することができるが、生シラスと魚肉の混合物を、５０℃〜６５℃に加熱し、１時間以上保持することにより、魚肉のタンパク質を効率的に分解させることができ、このようにして得られた飼料は、２０日未満又は全長２０ｍｍ未満の仔魚用飼料として有用である。   The feed for bluefin tuna larvae of the present invention can be produced by crushing and mixing raw shirasu and fish meat, and degrading the protein of raw shirasu and fish meat with the digestive enzyme of raw shirasu, By heating to 50 ° C. to 65 ° C. and holding for 1 hour or longer, fish protein can be efficiently degraded, and the feed thus obtained is for larvae with less than 20 days or less than 20 mm in total length Useful as feed.

予めクロマグロ仔魚から抽出した消化酵素を用いて餌料用ふ化仔魚を分解した場合のアミノ酸生成量を基準に、クロマグロ仔魚の成長に応じて、魚肉と生シラスの混合物の加熱温度及び／又は加熱時間を調整した本発明のクロマグロ仔魚用飼料を給餌してクロマグロ仔魚を飼育すれば、クロマグロ仔魚の飼料用ふ化仔魚を用いた場合とほぼ同等の生残率、成長率を達成することができる。   Depending on the growth of bluefin tuna larvae, the heating temperature and / or heating time of the mixture of fish meat and raw shirasu is determined based on the amount of amino acid produced when digesting hatched larvae for food using digestive enzymes extracted in advance from bluefin tuna larvae By feeding the adjusted bluefin tuna larvae feed of the present invention and rearing the bluefin tuna larvae, the survival rate and growth rate substantially the same as when using the bluefin tuna larvae for hatching feed can be achieved.

本発明において、クロマグロ仔魚の成長に応じて魚肉と生シラスの混合物の加熱温度及び／又は加熱時間を調整するとは、クロマグロ仔魚の成長に伴い、その都度、クロマグロ仔魚から抽出した消化液を用いて、飼料の分解実験を行い、その分解の程度が飼料用ふ化仔魚と同程度と成る加熱温度及び／又は加熱時間を求めることをいい、このようにして求められた加熱温度と加熱時間で、飼料を処理すれば、クロマグロの成長に即した消化性を有する飼料を調製することができる。   In the present invention, adjusting the heating temperature and / or the heating time of the mixture of fish meat and raw shirasu according to the growth of bluefin tuna larvae, with the growth of bluefin tuna larvae, each time using a digested liquid extracted from bluefin tuna larvae , Refers to the determination of the heating temperature and / or heating time at which the degree of decomposition is the same as that of the hatched larvae for feed, and the feed temperature is determined in this way. Can be used to prepare a feed having digestibility adapted to the growth of bluefin tuna.

生シラスとそれ以外の魚肉の配合割合は任意であるが、少なくとも、許容される時間内に、飼料用ふ化仔魚と同程度の遊離アミノ酸濃度となる生シラスの配合量とすることが望ましい。   The mixing ratio of raw shirasu and other fish meat is arbitrary, but it is desirable to set the mixing ratio of raw shirasu so that the free amino acid concentration is at least the same as that of feed larvae for feed within an allowable time.

実験は、屋内で実施したため、昼間は電灯による照明を行った。給餌は電灯の点灯時間内（昼間）に複数回行った。配合飼料に餌付いてからの1回あたりの給餌量は飽食量とした。   Since the experiment was conducted indoors, it was illuminated by electric light during the day. Feeding was performed several times during the lighting hours (daytime). The amount of feed per time after feeding the compound feed was the satiety amount.

ここでいう「飽食量」とは、クロマグロの摂餌行動で判断する。具体的には、クロマグロは水槽の底に沈んだ餌を摂餌することができないので、餌を撒き始めてから配合飼料が食べられることなく水槽底まで沈むようになった時点で「飽食」と判断し、それまでに摂餌した給餌１回あたりの餌の量を「飽食量」とする。   The “satiated amount” here is determined by the feeding behavior of bluefin tuna. Specifically, bluefin tuna cannot feed on food that has sinked to the bottom of the aquarium, so when it starts sinking to the bottom of the aquarium without being able to eat the mixed feed, The amount of food per feeding that has been fed so far is defined as the “satiated amount”.

また、消灯（日没）後、クロマグロ稚魚の遊泳速度は遅くなり、酸素の取り込み量が少なくなることが予想されるので、多くの酸素消費を必要とする摂餌物の消化が消灯後に重ならないよう、５０ｋL水槽を用いた試験においては、生残率の向上を目的として、消灯（日没）の3時間前までに終了させる飼育を行った。   In addition, after the light is turned off (sunset), the bluefin tuna larvae's swimming speed is expected to slow down and the amount of oxygen uptake is expected to be reduced. Thus, in the test using a 50 kl water tank, breeding was completed by 3 hours before extinction (sunset) for the purpose of improving the survival rate.

本発明に使用するシラス及び魚肉は、安定且つ大量に入手可能であり、冷凍保存できることから、クロマグロの種苗生産尾数にあわせた配合飼料を安定的に生産することができる。
本発明のクロマグロ仔魚飼料を使用すれば、１０ｍｍ程度のクロマグロ仔魚から給餌させることができるので、従来必要とされた飼料用ふ化仔魚を用意する必要がなくなり、手間が大幅に緩和されると共に、飼料用ふ化仔魚用の生産設備が不要となり、安定的な種苗生産が可能となる。 Since the shirasu and fish meat used in the present invention are stable and available in large quantities and can be stored frozen, it is possible to stably produce a mixed feed that matches the number of bluefin tuna seedling production.
If the bluefin tuna larvae feed according to the present invention is used, it is possible to feed bluefin tuna larvae of about 10 mm, so that it is not necessary to prepare hatched larvae for feeds that have been conventionally required, and labor is greatly eased. This eliminates the need for production facilities for hatchlings and larvae, and enables stable seedling production.

生シラスの消化酵素による魚肉タンパク質の分解能の分析結果Analysis results of the resolution of fish protein by digestive enzyme of raw shirasu 生シラスの消化酵素による魚肉タンパク質の分解能の時間的経過を示すグラフGraph showing the time course of the resolution of fish protein by digestive enzymes of raw shirasu クロマグロ仔魚の全魚体より抽出した消化液による反応物の遊離アミノ酸濃度を示すグラフGraph showing the concentration of free amino acids in the reaction product by digestive juice extracted from the whole body of bluefin tuna larvae

［実験１］
生シラスの消化酵素による魚肉タンパク質の分解能を調べるため、生シラスとアジの魚肉と水を２：２：１の割合で混合してミンチ状としたものを、１．５ｍＬチューブに約１ｇずつ分注し、ブロッインキュベーターを用いて１０〜８０℃の異なる温度で０〜４時間加熱したときのタンパク質の分子量をＳＤＳ−ポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動法で分析した。その結果を図１に示す。 [Experiment 1]
In order to investigate the resolution of fish protein by digestive enzyme of raw shirasu, mix minced raw shirasu and horse mackerel fish and water in a ratio of 2: 2: 1, and dispense about 1g each into a 1.5mL tube. Note, the molecular weight of the protein was analyzed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis when heated at different temperatures of 10-80 ° C. for 0-4 hours using a Blot incubator. The result is shown in FIG.

この分析結果から明らかなように、３０℃以下では、２００ｋＤａのタンパク質が分解されず、７０℃以上では４０ｋＤａのタンパク質が分解されていないことが判った。   As apparent from the analysis results, it was found that the protein of 200 kDa was not degraded at 30 ° C. or lower, and the protein of 40 kDa was not degraded at 70 ° C. or higher.

［実験２］
さらに、生シラスの消化酵素による魚肉タンパク質の分解能の時間的経過を調べるため、生シラスとアジの魚肉と水を２：２：１の割合で混合してミンチ状としたものを、１．５ｍＬチューブに約１ｇずつ分注し、ブロッインキュベーターを用いて１０〜８０℃の異なる温度で０〜４時間加熱し、生成する遊離アミノ酸量の時間的変化をニンヒドリン呈色法にて測定した。その結果を図２に示す。 [Experiment 2]
Furthermore, in order to investigate the time course of the resolution of fish protein by digestive enzymes of raw shirasu, 1.5 mL of raw shirasu, horse mackerel fish and water mixed in a ratio of 2: 2: 1 to form a mince About 1 g was dispensed into each tube, heated at different temperatures of 10 to 80 ° C. for 0 to 4 hours using a blow-in incubator, and the temporal change in the amount of free amino acid produced was measured by the ninhydrin color method. The result is shown in FIG.

図２のグラフから明らかなように、タンパク質の分解物である遊離アミノ酸含量は、５０℃、６０℃で最も効率的に増加していることがわかる。   As is apparent from the graph of FIG. 2, it can be seen that the content of free amino acids, which are protein degradation products, increases most efficiently at 50 ° C. and 60 ° C.

以上の実験結果を参酌すれば、加熱温度は５０〜６５℃程度とすることが望ましい。   In view of the above experimental results, the heating temperature is preferably about 50 to 65 ° C.

＜試験例１＞
試験例１では、白身魚(アジ)および生シラスを６０℃で６０分間、加熱処理することにより低分子化した原料を用いた配合飼料を作成し、ワムシおよびアルテミアの生物餌料での飼育結果と比較した。１日齢のクロマグロ仔魚を、５００Ｌ水槽１基あたり５０００尾収容して開始した（３水槽/試験区）。配合飼料は、２０日齢から３０日齢まで１０日間給餌した。その結果、３０日齢の全長２０ｍｍ以上の個体数は、３水槽の合計尾数が、対照区１６尾，配合区５３尾となり配合区で大型個体の取り揚げ尾数が増加した。 <Test Example 1>
In Test Example 1, a mixed feed using raw materials with low molecular weight was prepared by heat-treating white fish (Aji) and raw shirasu at 60 ° C. for 60 minutes, and the results of breeding with rotifer and artemia biological feed Compared. One-day-old bluefin tuna larvae were started by accommodating 5000 fish per 500 L aquarium (3 aquarium / test zone). The formulated feed was fed for 10 days from 20 days to 30 days of age. As a result, the total number of 30-day-old individuals with a total length of 20 mm or more became 16 in the control group and 53 in the combination group, and the number of large-sized individuals in the combination group increased.

＜試験例２＞
試験例２では、原料の低分子化処理の効果を調べるため、白身魚(アジ)と生シラスを６０℃で１時間の低分子化処理した原料と、６０℃での加熱を省略した未処理の原料を用いた２種類の試験飼料を作製した。飼育試験は、１日齢のクロマグロ仔魚を、５００Ｌ水槽１基あたり９０００尾収容して開始した（３水槽/試験区）。配合飼料は、１９日齢から３３日齢まで１４日間給餌した。その結果、３３日齢での１水槽あたりの全長２５ｍｍ以上の個体数および平均体重が、低分子区が有意に優れていた。試験例１、試験例２の飼育結果を表１に示す。 <Test Example 2>
In Test Example 2, in order to examine the effect of the raw material lowering treatment, raw material obtained by lowering the white fish (Aji) and raw shirasu for one hour at 60 ° C. and untreated without heating at 60 ° C. Two types of test feeds using the raw materials were prepared. The breeding test was started by housing 9000 fish of 1-day-old bluefin tuna per 500L tank (3 tanks / test zone). The compound feed was fed from 19 days to 33 days for 14 days. As a result, the number of individuals having a total length of 25 mm or more per one aquarium at 33 days of age and the average body weight were significantly superior in the low molecular weight group. The results of breeding in Test Example 1 and Test Example 2 are shown in Table 1.

＜試験例３＞
試験例３では、５０ｋＬの大型水槽に１日齢のクロマグロ仔魚を、１４万尾収容し飼育を開始し、配合飼料（試験例２で使用した飼料）の給餌を１５日齢から開始した。配合飼料に完全に餌付いた２５日齢では、１．２万尾（生残率８．７％）の稚魚が平均全長２３ｍｍまで成長していることを確認し、４２日齢 平均全長４７ｍｍ ４２９尾（０．３％）のクロマグロの取り揚げに成功した。
試験例３の飼育結果を表２に示す。 <Test Example 3>
In Test Example 3, 140,000 1-day-old bluefin tuna larvae were housed in a 50-kL large tank and started breeding. Feeding of the mixed feed (the feed used in Test Example 2) was started from the age of 15 days. At 25 days of age when the mixed feed was completely fed, it was confirmed that 12,000 fish (survival rate 8.7%) fry grew to an average total length of 23 mm. The tail (0.3%) bluefin tuna was successfully picked up.
Table 2 shows the results of breeding in Test Example 3.

＜試験例４＞
この試験例では，５０ｋＬの大型水槽に０日齢のクロマグロ仔魚を，１９万尾収容し飼育を開始し，本発明のクロマグロ仔魚用配合飼料を１８日齢（平均全長１０ｍｍ）から開始した。配合飼料は餌付くまでは一定量、餌付いてからは飽食量を点灯から消灯３時間前の間に４〜６回給餌した。配合飼料に完全に餌付いた２８日齢では、５５００尾（生残率２．９％）の稚魚が平均全長１５ｍｍまで成長していることを確認し、４０日齢で平均全長３９．２ｍｍ ２３２９尾(１．２%)のクロマグロの生産に成功した。試験例４の飼育結果を表３に示す。飼育条件が類似する試験例３と比べ、４０日の生残率を大幅に改善することができた。 <Test Example 4>
In this test example, 190,000 0-day-old bluefin tuna larvae were housed in a 50 kL large tank and started breeding. The mixed feed for bluefin tuna larvae of the present invention was started from the age of 18 days (average length: 10 mm). The mixed feed was fed a fixed amount until fed, and after feeding, the satiety amount was fed 4 to 6 times 3 hours before turning on and off. It was confirmed that 5500 fish (survival rate 2.9%) fry grew to an average total length of 15 mm at 28 days of age when the mixed feed was completely fed, and an average total length of 39.2 mm 2329 at 40 days of age. Succeeded in producing tail (1.2%) bluefin tuna. The results of breeding in Test Example 4 are shown in Table 3. Compared to Test Example 3 where the breeding conditions were similar, the survival rate on the 40th could be greatly improved.

＜試験例５＞
クロマグロ仔魚から抽出した消化酵素を使用し、原料である生シラスと魚肉の消化性の評価を行った。 <Test Example 5>
Digestive enzymes extracted from bluefin tuna larvae were used to evaluate the digestibility of raw shirasu and fish meat.

１３日齢のクロマグロ仔魚の全魚体より抽出し、除タンパク及び透析により精製した消化液(１５０ｍｇ)を、飼料用ふ化仔魚（０．４４ｇ）と生シラスを含有する魚肉タンパク質分解物（０．０５ｇ）にそれぞれ添加し、２５℃で３時間反応させ、反応物の遊離アミノ酸濃度をニンヒドリン呈色法にて測定した。その結果を図３に示す。   A digested liquid (150 mg) extracted from the whole fish of 13-day-old bluefin tuna larvae and purified by deproteinization and dialysis was converted into a fish protein hydrolyzate (0.05 g) containing feed larvae (0.44 g) and raw shirasu. ) And reacted at 25 ° C. for 3 hours, and the free amino acid concentration of the reaction product was measured by the ninhydrin color method. The result is shown in FIG.

図３における３本のグラフ群は、左（0time）から消化開始時の遊離アミノ酸濃度、中央（消化液（−））がクロマグロから抽出した消化液を添加しないで、２５℃で３時間消化反応させた場合のアミノ酸濃度、右（消化液（＋））がクロマグロから抽出した消化液を添加して、２５℃で３時間消化反応させた場合のアミノ酸濃度である。
図３の左端のグラフ群は飼料用ふ化仔魚の場合、その右側は、６０℃で０〜２４０分間加熱処理した生シラスと魚肉（アジ）のミンチ状混合物の場合である。 The three graph groups in FIG. 3 show the free amino acid concentration at the start of digestion from the left (0time), and the digestion reaction at 25 ° C. for 3 hours without adding the digestion solution extracted from bluefin tuna in the middle (digestion solution (−)). The right side (digestion solution (+)) is the amino acid concentration when digestion reaction extracted from bluefin tuna is added and digestion reaction is performed at 25 ° C. for 3 hours.
The graph group at the left end of FIG. 3 is a hatched larvae for feed, and the right side is a minced mixture of raw shirasu and fish meat (Aji) that has been heat-treated at 60 ° C. for 0 to 240 minutes.

このグラフから明らかなように、アジ・シラスミンチでは、原料の加熱時間が０分の場合は、クロマグロ仔魚から抽出した消化酵素を加えても遊離アミノ酸量は低いが、６０℃で、６０分以上加熱した場合は、飼料用ふ化仔魚の場合と同程度（±１５％以内）の遊離アミノ酸濃度となることがわかる。すなわち、アジ・シラスミンチを６０℃で６０分間、加熱処理すれば、クロマグロ仔魚の消化酵素が働きやすくなり、飼料用ふ化仔魚と同程度の消化性を有する飼料となる。   As is clear from this graph, when the heating time of the raw material is 0 minutes, the amount of free amino acids is low even if the digestive enzyme extracted from bluefin tuna larvae is added, but it is heated at 60 ° C. for 60 minutes or more. When it does, it turns out that it becomes the free amino acid density | concentration of the same extent (within +/- 15%) as the case of the hatching larva for feed. That is, if heat treatment is performed at 60 ° C. for 60 minutes, the digestive enzyme of bluefin tuna larvae becomes easier to work, and the feed has a digestibility comparable to that of hatched larvae for feed.

クロマグロ仔魚から抽出される消化酵素は、クロマグロ仔魚の成長に伴い消化性能が高まることが予想され、アジ・シラスミンチの加熱時間が短くても、クロマグロ仔魚が充分消化できることになる。   Digestive enzymes extracted from bluefin tuna larvae are expected to improve digestion performance with the growth of bluefin tuna larvae, and bluefin tuna larvae can be sufficiently digested even when the heating time of Aji Shirasuminchi is short.

クロマグロ仔魚の成長に合わせ、その都度、抽出した消化液を使用し、図３に示されるような実験を行えば、クロマグロ仔魚の成長に合わせた飼料の調製に必要な加熱温度と加熱時間を求めることができる。このようにして求められた加熱温度と加熱時間により処理した飼料は、クロマグロ仔魚の成長に合わせ適切にタンパク質が分解された飼料であり、クロマグロ仔魚の順調な飼育に役立つ。   If the experiment as shown in FIG. 3 is performed using the extracted digestive juice each time according to the growth of bluefin tuna larvae, the heating temperature and the heating time necessary for the preparation of feed according to the growth of bluefin tuna larvae are obtained. be able to. The feed treated with the heating temperature and the heating time thus determined is a feed in which proteins are appropriately degraded in accordance with the growth of bluefin tuna larvae, and is useful for the smooth breeding of bluefin tuna larvae.

本発明のクロマグロ仔魚用飼料を使用すれば、餌料用ふ化仔魚が必要な全長１０ｍｍ以降のクロマグロ仔稚魚を配合飼料だけを用いて飼育することが可能となるため、餌料用ふ化仔魚を生産するための多数の親魚や飼育施設、高度な採卵技術等が不要になり、種苗生産コストが軽減されるとともに、餌不足などの不安定要素が解消されることにより、安定的なクロマグロ種苗の生産が可能となる。   If the feed for bluefin tuna larvae of the present invention is used, it is possible to breed bluefin tuna larvae with a total length of 10 mm or more, which requires a feed hatched larvae, using only the mixed feed, and therefore to produce hatched larvae for feed A large number of parent fish, breeding facilities, advanced egg collection techniques, etc. are no longer necessary, reducing seed production costs and eliminating unstable factors such as food shortages, enabling stable production of bluefin tuna seedlings It becomes.

Claims (7)

魚肉と生シラスを含有する魚肉タンパク質分解物からなるクロマグロ仔魚用飼料。   A feed for bluefin tuna larvae consisting of a proteolytic product of fish meat containing fish meat and raw shirasu. クロマグロ仔魚がふ化後２０日未満又は全長２０ｍｍ未満の稚魚である請求項１記載のクロマグロ仔魚用飼料。   The bluefin tuna larvae feed according to claim 1, wherein the bluefin tuna larvae are fry less than 20 days after hatching or less than 20 mm in total length. 魚肉と生シラスを混合し、生シラスに含まれる消化酵素を利用して生シラスと魚肉のタンパク質を分解することを特徴とするクロマグロ仔魚用飼料の製造方法。   A method for producing a feed for bluefin tuna larvae, comprising mixing fish meat and raw shirasu and degrading the protein of raw shirasu and fish meat using digestive enzymes contained in the raw shirasu. 魚肉と生シラスを混合した混合物を５０℃〜６５℃に加熱し、１時間以上保持する請求項３記載のクロマグロ仔魚用飼料の製造方法。   The method for producing a bluefin tuna larvae feed according to claim 3, wherein the mixture of fish meat and raw shirasu is heated to 50 ° C to 65 ° C and held for 1 hour or longer. 予め飼育対象のクロマグロ仔魚から抽出した消化酵素を用いて飼料用ふ化仔魚を分解した場合のアミノ酸生成量を基準として、クロマグロ仔魚の成長に合わせて、前記魚肉と生シラスの加熱温度および／又は加熱時間を調整する請求項３記載のクロマグロ仔魚飼料の製造方法。   The heating temperature and / or heating of the fish meat and raw shirasu according to the growth of bluefin tuna larvae, based on the amount of amino acid produced when digesting the hatched larvae for feed using digestive enzymes previously extracted from bluefin tuna larvae to be reared The method for producing a bluefin tuna larvae feed according to claim 3, wherein the time is adjusted. 請求項５記載の方法により製造されたクロマグロ仔魚用飼料を飼育対象のクロマグロ仔魚に給餌することを特徴とするクロマグロ仔魚の飼育方法。   A method for raising bluefin tuna larvae, comprising feeding the bluefin tuna larvae feed produced by the method according to claim 5 to the bluefin tuna larvae to be reared. 消灯（日没）３時間前までに飽食量を複数回給餌する請求項６記載のクロマグロ仔稚魚の飼育方法。   The bluefin tuna larvae breeding method according to claim 6, wherein the amount of satiation is fed a plurality of times at least 3 hours before the light is turned off (sunset).
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