RU2338389C1 - Mixed fodder for sturgeons - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: mixed fodder for sturgeons additionally containing 5% of crab meal and 2.5% of crab fat for starter mixed fodder and 10% of crab meal and 7% of crab fat for production mixed fodder is proposed.

EFFECT: improving quality of artificial mixed fodders for sturgeons.

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Description

The present invention relates to the field of feed production, in particular to feeding sturgeon with artificial feed containing products of deep processing of crabs.

Known feed for salmon fish using products of the deep processing of crustaceans (see Art. Bagrov AM, Perednyaya AA, Shevchenko DG Products of deep processing of crustaceans for juvenile fish. // "Zootechnia". - M .: 2005. No. 2. - Pages 28-30). However, this recipe is used only for trout.

The technical problem is the creation of compound feed for sturgeon fish containing products of deep processing of crab - crab flour and crab fat.

The technical result is an increase in the quality of artificial feed for sturgeon fish during industrial cultivation due to the introduction of new feed components - products of deep processing of crab - crab flour and crab fat.

It is achieved by the fact that the resulting formulation contains 5 and 10% flour from crab and 2.5 and 7% crab fat. The addition of 5 and 10% flour to the starter and production feeds of crabs positively affects fish-breeding, biological and physiological parameters, and improves the quality of feeds used. Compound feed with the addition of crab fat to feed has not only increased nutritional properties, but also attractive effect.

As a raw material for the production of flour from crab, the shell of the cephalothorax, walking limbs and particles of soft organics of sea crab are used; for the production of crab fat, hepatopancreas of the crab. Compound feeds are made by wet pressing. Deep crab processing products are added by replacing 5% crab flour and 2.5% crab fat for starter feed and, respectively, 10% crab flour and 7% crab fat for feed production.

Compound feed is made by wet pressing. Larvae and juveniles of sturgeon fish are kept in aquariums with a capacity of 400 l with a closed water supply cycle.

The water temperature is maintained at 19.5-21.5 ° C. The oxygen content is 7.8-8.2 mg / l, pH 7.3-7.5. Feeding of larvae weighing 60-300 mg is carried out with grains of the starting compound feed OST - 6 12 times a day. Young animals weighing 3-200 g are fed with granules of production feed OT-7 6 times a day (Ponomarev S.V. et al. 2002).

The basic recipes used were OST-6 (starter) and OT-7 (production) compound feeds. The quantitative content of crab flour is 5%, crab fat is 2.5% in the starting feed and 10% of crab flour and 7% of crab fat in the production feed.

Recipe 1. Starter compound feed with products of deep processing of crabs.

Table 1 Components Fish meal 56.0 Crab flour 5,0 Hydrolyzate fish 10.0 Vitazar 10.0 Milk powder 5,0 Wheat flour 2,5 Fodder yeast 5,0 Fish oil 2,5 Crab Fat 2,5 Premix VMP PO-4 1,5

Recipe 2. Production compound feed with products of deep processing of crabs.

table 2 Components Fish meal 29.0 Crab flour 10.0 Vitazar 20,0 Wheat flour 3.0 Soybean meal 10.0 Fodder yeast 5,0 Corn gluten 15.0 Crab Fat 7.0 Premix VMP PO-4 1,0

Crab flour contains proteins and carotenoids that improve the fish-biological and physiological characteristics of sturgeons grown, and chitin, which increases the adhesive properties of animal feed. Crab fat contains mineral salts, phospholipids and has a pronounced attractive effect on farmed sturgeons. The addition of these components leads to a more intensive and efficient consumption of starter and production feed by sturgeons, which reduces non-production losses.

When growing Russian sturgeon larvae on the OST-6 starter feed with replacing fish oil with crab, the best results were obtained in options 1 (complete replacement of fish oil with crab) and 2 (replacing 50% of fish oil with crab). The increase in fish mass in these variants was 3.18 and 3.19%, respectively, with a high level of survival (Table 3).

Table 3 Fish and biological indicators of the cultivation of Russian sturgeon larvae on the starting compound feed OST-6 with crab fat Indicators Experience Options fifteen%) 2 (2.5%) 3 (1.5%) the control Initial mass, g 0.06 ± 0.006 0.06 ± 0.005 0.06 ± 0.005 0.06 ± 0.006 Mass, g 2.5 ± 0.18 * 2.7 ± 0.20 * 2.0 ± 0.08 2.1 ± 0.08 * Absolute increase, g 2.44 2.64 1.94 2.04 Average daily gain,% 3.18 3.19 3.14 3.15 Survival rate,% 78 79 80 78 Feed costs, units 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 The growing period, days. 60 60 60 60 Mass accumulation coefficient, units 0,041 0,044 0,032 0,034 Note: * - the differences are significant at P≤0,05

A high growth rate and low feed costs, apparently, were obtained due to the fact that crab fat, in addition to high nutritional properties, also has an attractive effect.

It has been established that the complete replacement of fish oil with crab oil as part of the OT-7 compound feed leads to an increase in fish growth by 12%. In this option, a decrease in feed costs was noted compared with the control and the 2nd experiment option by 0.1 units. In the test variant with the replacement of 50% of fish oil with crab growth, it slightly differed from the control and was 2% higher. The survival of fish in all cases was high - 99%. The mass accumulation coefficient in the variant with the complete replacement of fish oil with crab oil was the highest and amounted to 0.501 units. The indicators significantly differed at P≤0.001.

Table 4 Fish and biological indicators of the cultivation of Russian sturgeon on compound feed OT-7 with crab fat Indicators Experience options (% replacement of fish oil with crab) 1 (7%) 2 (3.5%) Control (7% fish oil) Initial mass, g 13.5 ± 0.14 * 11.6 ± 0.16 12.8 ± 0.19 * Mass, g 43.6 ± 0.13 * 35.6 ± 0.09 35.8 ± 0.15 * Absolute increase, g 30.1 24.0 23.0 The average daily growth rate,% 5.95 5.55 5.47 Survival rate,% 99 99 99 Feed costs, units 1.3 1.4 1.4 The duration of the experiment, days. 60 60 60 Mass accumulation coefficient, units 0,501 0.400 0.383 Note: * - the differences are significant at P≤0.001

Thus, according to the results of the experiments, to increase the growth rate of sturgeon fishes, it is possible to recommend the complete replacement of fish oil with crab oil as part of the OT-7 production compound feed.

Information sources

1. Bagrov A.M., Perednya A.A., Shevchenko D.G. Products of deep processing of crustaceans for juvenile fish. // "Zootechnics". - M .: 2005. No. 2. - Pages 28-30 (prototype).

2. Ponomarev S.V., Gamigin E.A., Nikonorov S.I., Ponomareva E.N., Groescu Yu.N., Bakhareva A.A. The technology of growing and feeding aquaculture facilities in the south of Russia (reference, training manual). - Astrakhan: “Nova Plus”, 2002. - 264 p.: Ill.

Claims (1)

Compound feed for sturgeon fish, characterized in that it additionally contains 5% crab flour and 2.5% crab fat for starter feed and, accordingly, 10% crab flour and 7% crab fat for production feed.