JP2018116273A - 光学積層体 - Google Patents
光学積層体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018116273A JP2018116273A JP2018002118A JP2018002118A JP2018116273A JP 2018116273 A JP2018116273 A JP 2018116273A JP 2018002118 A JP2018002118 A JP 2018002118A JP 2018002118 A JP2018002118 A JP 2018002118A JP 2018116273 A JP2018116273 A JP 2018116273A
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Abstract
Description
1つの実施形態においては、上記調光フィルムは、上記第1の基板が、第1の基材と前記第1の透明電極層とを備え、上記第2の基板が、第2の基材と上記第2の透明電極層とを備え、該第1の透明電極層と該第2の透明電極層とが対向するように配置され、該調光層が該第1の基板と該第2の基板とに接するように設けられている。
1つの実施形態においては、上記第1の基板および/または第2の基板の透過率が85%以上である。
1つの実施形態においては、上記第1の透明電極層および/または上記第2の透明電極層が、インジウム錫酸化物を含む。
1つの実施形態においては、上記第1の基材および/または第2の基材が、ポリエチレンテレフタレートから構成される。
1つの実施形態においては、上記調光層が、高分子分散型液晶層である。
本発明の別の局面によれば、調光ガラスが提供される。この調光ガラスは、上記調光フィルムを備える。
図1は、本発明の1つの実施形態による調光フィルムの概略断面図である。調光フィルム100は、第1の基板10と、調光層30と、第2の基板20とをこの順に備える。第1の基板10は、第1の透明電極層12を備える。1つの実施形態においては、第1の基板10は、第1の基材11をさらに備える。第2の基板20は、第2の透明電極層22を備える。1つの実施形態においては、第2の基板20は、第2の基材21をさらに備える。第1の透明電極層12と、第2の透明電極層22とは、調光層30を挾持するように、対向して配置され得る。また、1つの実施形態においては、調光層30は、第1の基板10および第2の基板20に接するように設けられる。図示していないが、上記調光フィルムは、その他の層をさらに含んでいてもよい。その他の層としては、例えば、ハードコート層、粘着剤層、保護層等が挙げられる。これらは、基板のいずれか一方、または両方の外側(透明電極層が設けられていない側)に配置され得る。
上記のとおり、基板は、透明電極層を備え、好ましくは基材をさらに備える。1つの実施形態においては、透明電極層の調光層側(基材とは反対側)に配向膜が配置される。配向膜は、後述のように、調光層として、リバースモードの高分子分散型液晶層を形成する際に、好ましく用いられる。配向膜は、例えば、ポリイミド、ポリビニルアルコール等の塗布膜にレーヨン等の布でラビング処理を施すことによって形成され得る。
上記基材の厚みは、好ましくは20μm以上であり、より好ましくは50μm以上であり、さらに好ましくは70μm以上である。基材の厚みの上限は、例えば、400μmであり、好ましくは180μmである。
透明電極層は、例えば、インジウム錫酸化物(ITO)、酸化亜鉛(ZnO)、酸化錫(SnO2)等の金属酸化物を用いて形成され得る。好ましくはITOを含む透明電極層が形成される。ITOを含む透明電極層は透明性に優れる。透明電極層は、目的に応じて、所望の形状にパターニングされ得る。
調光層は、電圧の印加の有無により、光の散乱状態が変化する層である。調光層としては、例えば、電圧印加の有無により分子の配向状態が変化する液晶層、電圧印加の有無により光の吸収状態が変化するエレクトロクロミック層等が挙げられる。
第1PETフィルム(厚み:23μm)の第1の主面上に、メラミン樹脂:アルキド樹脂:有機シラン縮合物を重量比2:2:1で含む熱硬化型樹脂から構成されるアンダーコート層(厚み:35nm)を形成して、アンダーコート層を備える第1PET基材を得た。次いで、アンダーコート層上にITO層を形成した。続けて、第1PETフィルムの第2の主面(アンダーコート層およびITO層が形成された側とは反対の面)に、粘着層(厚み:23μm)を備える第2PET基材(厚み:50μm)を貼り合わせて積層体を形成し、該積層体に加熱処理を施した(熱風オーブンで140℃、30分加熱)。このようにして得られた積層体を、第1の基板(透過率:90.2%)および第2の基板(透過率:90.2%)とした。
第1の基板と第2の基板とを、ネマッチック液晶分子と樹脂とを含む調光層(高分子分散型液晶層)形成用組成物を介して、ITO層が対向するようにして貼り合わせた後、高分子分散型液晶層形成用組成物を硬化させて、調光フィルムを得た。
第1PETフィルムとして、厚みが190μmのPETフィルムを用いたこと、ITO層の厚みを65nmとしたこと、加熱処理を施さなかったこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、調光フィルムを得た。第1の基板および第2の基板の透過率は79.0%であった。
実施例および比較例で得られた調光フィルムを以下の評価に供した。結果を表1に示す。
(1)透過率
実施例および比較例で得られた調光フィルムに電圧(100V)を印加し、電圧印加時の光透過率およびヘイズ値(非散乱モードでの光透過率およびヘイズ値)と、電圧を印加していないときの光透過率およびヘイズ値(散乱モードでの光透過率およびヘイズ値)とを、日立ハイテクサイエンス社製商品名「U4100」を用いて、測定した。結果を表1に示す。
(2)表面粗さRa
ITO層の表面を、走査型プローブ顕微鏡(セイコーインスツルメンツ社製、装置名「Scanning Probe Microscope SPI3800」を用いて、コンタクトモード、Si3N4製短針(ばね定数0.09N/m)、スキャンサイズ1μm□、の条件下で測定した。
(3)ITO層における結晶粒の面積占有率
透過型電子顕微鏡(日立社製、「H−7650」)を用いて、ITO層を平面観察し、倍率:100,000倍の平面画像を得た。次に、ITO層全体の面積に対する、結晶粒(結晶化している箇所)の面積の割合を測定した。
20 第2の基板
30 調光層
100 調光フィルム
Claims (7)
- 第1の透明電極層を備える第1の基板と、
電圧の印加の有無により、透過光の散乱状態を変化させる調光層と、
第2の透明電極層を備える第2の基板とを、この順に備える調光フィルムであって、
該調光フィルムが、該透過光の散乱状態により、非散乱モードと散乱モードとに切り替え可能に構成され、
非散乱モードにおける該調光フィルムのヘイズ値に対する、散乱モードにおける該調光フィルムのヘイズ値の比(散乱モードでのヘイズ値/非散乱モードでのヘイズ値)が、8.0以上であり、
該調光フィルムの非散乱モードにおける光透過率が80%以上である、
調光フィルム。 - 前記第1の基板が、第1の基材と前記第1の透明電極層とを備え、
前記第2の基板が、第2の基材と前記第2の透明電極層とを備え、
該第1の透明電極層と該第2の透明電極層とが対向するように配置され、
該調光層が該第1の基板と該第2の基板とに接するように設けられている、
請求項1に記載の調光フィルム。 - 前記第1の基板および/または第2の基板の透過率が85%以上である、請求項1または2に記載の調光フィルム。
- 前記第1の透明電極層および/または前記第2の透明電極層が、インジウムスズ酸化物を含む、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の調光フィルム。
- 前記第1の基材および/または第2の基材が、ポリエチレンテレフタレートから構成される、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の調光フィルム。
- 前記調光層が、高分子分散型液晶層である、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の調光フィルム。
- 請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の調光フィルムを備える、調光ガラス。
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