JP2018011562A - Low potassium vegetable cultivation method - Google Patents
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本発明は、カリウムの含有量の少ない低カリウム野菜の栽培方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for cultivating low potassium vegetables having a low potassium content.
カリウムは人間が生きていく上で最も基本的なミネラルの一つであり、ナトリウムと拮抗して細胞内外のイオンバランスを調整し、浸透圧を調整しながら体内で様々な役割を果たしている。尚、カリウムを過剰に摂取した場合でも、健常者であれば過剰なカリウムは腎臓を介して体外に排泄されるため、カリウム過剰症を発症することはほとんど無い。しかしながら、疾病等で腎臓の機能が低下している場合は過剰なカリウムを排泄することが出来ず、カリウム過剰症を発症する危険性が有る。 Potassium is one of the most basic minerals for human life, and it plays a variety of roles in the body while adjusting the ionic pressure inside and outside the cell by antagonizing sodium and adjusting the osmotic pressure. Even when potassium is excessively consumed, excessive potassium is excreted outside the body through the kidneys, so that it is unlikely to develop hyperpotassium. However, when the function of the kidney is reduced due to illness or the like, excess potassium cannot be excreted, and there is a risk of developing excessive potassium.
ここで、腎臓病による慢性透析患者数は２０１３年末時点で３１万人を超えており、その増加スピードは鈍化しているものの年々増加傾向にある。また、透析予備軍といえる慢性腎臓病患者も１３００万人に上っていると言われている。そして、腎臓病は体内の毒素や老廃物の除去、水分の調節といった腎臓の機能が低下する病であり、腎機能が低下すると過剰なカリウムの排泄機能が低下して、前述のカリウム過剰症の一つである「高カリウム血症」となりかねない。したがって、腎臓病患者の体調維持のために食事療法が行われる場合が多い。尚、腎臓病患者はその病期ごとにステージ１からステージ５までの５段階に分けられ、日本腎臓学会によりそれぞれの食事療法の基準（エネルギー・たんぱく質・食塩・カリウムの摂取基準）が定められている。そのうち、カリウムに関しては腎臓病患者の中でも重度となるステージ３からステージ５の患者に対し、１日のカリウム摂取量基準がステージ３の患者は一日に２０００ｍｇ、ステージ４から５の患者は一日に１５００ｍｇと上限値が定められている。
Here, the number of chronic dialysis patients due to kidney disease has exceeded 310,000 as of the end of 2013, and the rate of increase is slowing, but is increasing year by year. In addition, it is said that there are 13 million chronic kidney disease patients who can be called dialysis reserves. Kidney disease is a disease in which the kidney functions such as removal of toxins and waste products in the body and regulation of water decrease, and when the kidney function decreases, the excretion function of excess potassium decreases. It can be one “hyperkalemia”. Therefore, diet therapy is often performed to maintain the physical condition of kidney disease patients. The patients with kidney disease are divided into 5 stages from stage 1 to
また、人間などの動物はカリウムだけでなくナトリウムを用いて浸透圧の調節等を行っているが、植物はカリウムが浸透圧調節等の役割を一手に担っており、その分、カリウムをより多く含有している。そして、生食する野菜の代表ともいえる例えばリーフレタスには４１００ｐｐｍのカリウムを含有している。よって、仮に一日に必要と言われている野菜３５０ｇをリーフレタスで摂取した場合、カリウムは１４３５ｍｇの摂取量となり、レタスのみでステージ４から５の患者の一日分の摂取量の上限にほぼ達してしまうこととなる。したがって、カリウムの摂取制限を行っている患者は野菜を生で摂取できず、茹でるなどしてカリウムの含有量を低減してから摂取する必要がある。
In addition, animals such as humans use not only potassium but also sodium to adjust osmotic pressure, but plants play a role in regulating osmotic pressure, etc. Contains. For example, leaf lettuce, which can be said to be representative of raw vegetables, contains 4100 ppm of potassium. Therefore, if 350g of vegetables that are said to be necessary for one day is ingested with leaf lettuce, potassium is ingested at 1435mg, which is almost the upper limit of daily intake for patients in
しかしながら、慢性的な腎疾患患者は生野菜を摂取したいという欲求があり、近年、カリウム含有量の少ない低カリウム野菜の栽培方法が研究されてきた。このような、低カリウム野菜の栽培方法の一つとして例えば下記［特許文献１］には、栽培期間の前半はカリウム成分を含む養液で栽培を行い、収穫前の７日〜１０日間はカリウム成分を含まない養液で栽培して低カリウム野菜を生産する低カリウム含有量葉菜の栽培方法に関する発明が開示されている。 However, patients with chronic kidney disease have a desire to consume raw vegetables, and in recent years, methods for cultivating low potassium vegetables with low potassium content have been studied. As one of such methods for cultivating low potassium vegetables, for example, in the following [Patent Document 1], the first half of the cultivation period is cultivated with a nutrient solution containing a potassium component, and potassium is harvested for 7 to 10 days before harvesting. An invention relating to a method for cultivating a low potassium content leafy vegetable that is cultivated in a nutrient solution containing no ingredients to produce a low potassium vegetable is disclosed.
しかしながら、［特許文献１］に記載の発明では、カリウム成分を含まない養液で生育した内葉のカリウム含有量は低下するものの、カリウム成分を含む養液で生育した外葉は通常の野菜と同等の高いカリウム含有量を有しており、収穫物の全体を低カリウム野菜として出荷することができない。よって、カリウム含有量の高い外葉をトリミングして、内葉のみを低カリウム野菜として出荷する必要がある。そして、上記の方法で栽培したレタスの試験結果では、カリウム濃度１５００ｐｐｍ以下のレタスを出荷する場合には約２８％、カリウム濃度２０００ｐｐｍ以下のレタスを出荷する場合でも約２２％もの外葉をトリミングする必要があった。そして、製品の安全性を考慮すれば、これ以上の外葉をトリミングする必要があり、トリミング作業や外葉の廃棄等の作業負担と生産コストとが増大するという問題点がある。 However, in the invention described in [Patent Document 1], although the potassium content of the inner leaves grown in the nutrient solution containing no potassium component is reduced, the outer leaves grown in the nutrient solution containing the potassium component are It has the same high potassium content and the whole harvest cannot be shipped as low potassium vegetables. Therefore, it is necessary to trim the outer leaf having a high potassium content and ship only the inner leaf as a low potassium vegetable. And in the test result of the lettuce cultivated by the above method, about 22% of the outer leaves are trimmed when shipping lettuce with a potassium concentration of 1500 ppm or less, and about 22% when shipping lettuce with a potassium concentration of 2000 ppm or less. There was a need. If the safety of the product is taken into consideration, it is necessary to trim more outer leaves, and there is a problem that the work load such as trimming work and disposal of the outer leaves and the production cost increase.
本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、作物の全体のカリウム含有量が低い低カリウム野菜の栽培方法を提供することを目的とする。 This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, and it aims at providing the cultivation method of the low potassium vegetable with the low potassium content of the whole crop.
本発明は、
（１）養液栽培による低カリウム野菜の栽培方法であって、
栽培する作物の目標のカリウム濃度に基づいて前記作物が１日で全量吸収し得る量の制限カリウム施用量を設定し、
少なくとも苗の定植後から収穫までの期間、前記制限カリウム施用量に基づいてカリウム成分を施用して、前記作物が吸収するカリウム成分の１日の量を制限し、低カリウム野菜を栽培することを特徴とする低カリウム野菜の栽培方法を提供することにより、上記課題を解決する。
（２）予め取得された、養液の蒸散量当たりのカリウム施用量と作物のカリウム濃度との相関式に基づいて前記制限カリウム施用量を設定し、
前記制限カリウム施用量に基づいて、作物が吸収した養液の１日の蒸散量に比例した量のカリウム成分を施用し低カリウム野菜を栽培することを特徴とする上記（１）記載の低カリウム野菜の栽培方法を提供することにより、上記課題を解決する。
（３）養液栽培が、作物の根に養液を噴霧する噴霧式養液栽培であることを特徴とする上記（１）または（２）に記載の低カリウム野菜の栽培方法を提供することにより、上記課題を解決する。
（４）作物がレタス類であり、
蒸散量当たりのカリウム施用量（ｘ）と作物のカリウム濃度（ｙ）との相関式を ｙ＝ａｘ＋ｂ としたときに、
ａ＝８．４ であることを特徴とする上記（１）乃至（３）のいずれかに記載の低カリウム野菜の栽培方法を提供することにより、上記課題を解決する。
The present invention
(1) A method for cultivating low potassium vegetables by hydroponics,
Based on the target potassium concentration of the crop to be cultivated, set a limited potassium application amount that the crop can absorb in one day,
Applying a potassium component based on the limited potassium application rate at least during the period from planting to harvesting of seedlings, limiting the daily amount of potassium component absorbed by the crop, and cultivating low potassium vegetables The above-described problems are solved by providing a method for cultivating low-potassium vegetables.
(2) Based on the previously obtained correlation formula between the potassium application rate per transpiration of nutrient solution and the potassium concentration of the crop, the limit potassium application rate is set,
The low potassium according to (1), wherein a low potassium vegetable is cultivated by applying a potassium component in an amount proportional to the daily transpiration of the nutrient solution absorbed by the crop based on the limited potassium application rate. The said subject is solved by providing the cultivation method of vegetables.
(3) Providing the method for cultivating low potassium vegetables according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the hydroponic cultivation is spray-type hydroponic cultivation in which a nutrient solution is sprayed onto the crop roots. Thus, the above problem is solved.
(4) The crop is lettuce,
When the correlation equation between the potassium application rate per transpiration (x) and the potassium concentration (y) of the crop is y = ax + b,
The problem is solved by providing the method for cultivating low potassium vegetables according to any one of (1) to (3) above, wherein a = 8.4.
本発明に係る低カリウム野菜の栽培方法は、定植後の全ての栽培期間を制限カリウム施用量で栽培するため、作物全体を目標のカリウム濃度とすることができる。これにより、収穫した作物を全て低カリウム野菜として出荷することができる。よって、トリミング作業や外葉の廃棄等の作業負担を軽減し低カリウム野菜の生産コストを低減することができる。 Since the cultivation method of the low potassium vegetable which concerns on this invention cultivates all the cultivation periods after fixed planting with a restriction | limiting potassium application rate, it can make the whole crop the target potassium concentration. Thereby, all the harvested crops can be shipped as low potassium vegetables. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the work load such as trimming work and disposal of outer leaves, and to reduce the production cost of low potassium vegetables.
本発明に係る低カリウム野菜の栽培方法の実施の形態について図面に基づいて説明する。ここで、図１は本発明に係る低カリウム野菜の栽培方法の工程図である。本発明に係る低カリウム野菜の栽培方法では、先ず、カリウム施用量と作物のカリウム濃度との相関式を取得する（相関式取得工程Ｓ１００）。尚、この相関式の取得は主に研究施設等で行い、基本的に栽培現場では行わない。 An embodiment of a method for cultivating low potassium vegetables according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, FIG. 1 is a process diagram of the method for cultivating low potassium vegetables according to the present invention. In the method for cultivating low potassium vegetables according to the present invention, first, a correlation equation between the potassium application amount and the potassium concentration of the crop is acquired (correlation equation acquisition step S100). In addition, acquisition of this correlation formula is mainly performed at a research facility or the like, and is basically not performed at a cultivation site.
相関式取得工程Ｓ１００における相関式の取得は、例えば以下の様にして行う。先ず、カリウム成分を所定量含有する通常の養液で栽培作物の育苗を行う。そして、一般的な大きさに生長した苗を複数の試験槽に定植する。次に、カリウム成分を含有せず他の成分は通常の養液と同等の無カリウム養液を調製する。そして、この無カリウム養液に試験槽ごとに異なる量のカリウム肥料成分（硝酸カリウム）を添加して作物の栽培を行う。尚、このときのカリウム施肥量は養液の蒸散量当たりの量、即ち養液の減少分の補充液に対して添加するカリウムの量で制御する。そして、このようにして異なるカリウム濃度の養液で所定の日数、作物を栽培した後、これを収穫し、その作物のカリウム濃度を測定する。 The acquisition of the correlation formula in the correlation formula acquisition step S100 is performed as follows, for example. First, the cultivated crop is raised with a normal nutrient solution containing a predetermined amount of potassium component. Then, seedlings grown to a general size are planted in a plurality of test tanks. Next, a potassium-free nutrient solution equivalent to a normal nutrient solution is prepared without containing a potassium component. And a different quantity of potassium fertilizer component (potassium nitrate) is added to this potassium-free nutrient solution for every test tank, and a crop is cultivated. In addition, the amount of potassium fertilization at this time is controlled by the amount per transpiration amount of the nutrient solution, that is, the amount of potassium added to the replenisher for the decreased nutrient solution. And after cultivating a crop for a predetermined number of days with nutrient solutions having different potassium concentrations in this way, the crop is harvested and the potassium concentration of the crop is measured.
ここで、レタス類のカリウム施用量とカリウム濃度との相関式の取得方法の具体例を示す。先ず、レタスを播種し通常の養液で１１日間育苗した。次に、１０Ｌの５つの試験槽に無カリウム養液を入れた後、定植板を浮かせレタスの苗をそれぞれ６株ずつ定植した。そして、定植後の養液の補充は、養液の蒸散量に対してカリウム成分を試験槽毎に０ｍｇ／Ｌ、５０ｍｇ／Ｌ、１００ｍｇ／Ｌ、１５０ｍｇ／Ｌ、２００ｍｇ／Ｌを目安に変化させて行った。尚、この際の養液の蒸散量とカリウム成分の施用量とは記録し、試験後に総量を算出した。栽培時の照明は蛍光灯で定植板上の光強度２５０μｍｏｌ／ｍ２・ｓで１６時間日長の条件で行った。そして作物が十分生長した状態（概ね播種から３５日〜５０日後）で収穫を行った。そして、収穫したレタスの葉を袋に入れて揉みつぶしカリウムイオンメータ（Ｂ−７３１：株式会社堀場製作所）で成分分析を行った。これにより、各試験槽のレタスのカリウム濃度を取得した。また、記録した養液の蒸散量の総量とカリウム成分の施用量の総量とから、各試験槽のカリウム施用量を算出した。その蒸散量当たりのカリウム施肥量と作物のカリウム濃度との関係を図２のグラフに示す。 Here, the specific example of the acquisition method of the correlation formula of the potassium application rate of lettuce and potassium concentration is shown. First, lettuce was sown and the seedlings were grown for 11 days in a normal nutrient solution. Next, after putting a potassium-free nutrient solution into five test tanks of 10 L, the fixed planting board was floated and 6 seedlings of lettuce were planted each. In addition, supplementation of the nutrient solution after planting is performed by changing the potassium component to 0 mg / L, 50 mg / L, 100 mg / L, 150 mg / L, 200 mg / L for each test tank with respect to the transpiration amount of the nutrient solution. I went. In addition, the transpiration amount of the nutrient solution and the application amount of the potassium component at this time were recorded, and the total amount was calculated after the test. The lighting at the time of cultivation was performed with a fluorescent lamp at a light intensity of 250 μmol / m 2 · s on a fixed planting plate for 16 hours of day length. Then, harvesting was performed in a state where the crop was sufficiently grown (generally 35 to 50 days after sowing). The harvested lettuce leaves were put in a bag and crushed and subjected to component analysis using a potassium ion meter (B-731: Horiba, Ltd.). Thereby, the potassium concentration of the lettuce of each test tank was acquired. Moreover, the potassium application amount of each test tank was calculated from the total amount of transpiration of the nutrient solution recorded and the total amount of potassium component application amount. The relationship between the amount of potassium fertilization per transpiration and the potassium concentration of the crop is shown in the graph of FIG.
また、図３に播種後２２日目と３４日目に施用した養液中のカリウム濃度（カリウム施用量１５０ｍｇ／Ｌ）の変化のグラフを示す。ここで、実線が播種後２２日目のデータであり、破線が播種後３４日目のデータである。図３から、養液中のカリウム濃度は播種後２２日目、３４日目ともに１２時間後には０ｐｐｍとなり、施用されたカリウム成分は作物が一日で全量吸収していることが判る。
Moreover, the graph of the change of the potassium concentration (
また、図２から、カリウム施肥量と作物のカリウム濃度とはほぼ比例関係を示し、蒸散量当たりのカリウム施用量をｘとし、作物のカリウム濃度をｙとしたときの相関式ｙ＝ａｘ＋ｂの傾きａは、レタス類の場合ａ＝８．４、切片ｂは、１７１ｐｐｍであった。 Moreover, from FIG. 2, the amount of potassium fertilization and the potassium concentration of the crop are almost proportional, and the slope of the correlation equation y = ax + b when the potassium application amount per transpiration is x and the potassium concentration of the crop is y. In the case of lettuce, a = 8.4 and intercept b was 171 ppm.
よってこの相関式から、概ねカリウム施肥量１６０ｍｇ／Ｌでカリウム濃度１５００ｐｐｍのレタスが得られ、カリウム施肥量２２０ｍｇ／Ｌでカリウム濃度２０００ｐｐｍのレタスが得られることが判る。そして、この相関式に基づいて、制限カリウム施用量を設定する。尚、制限カリウム施用量はバラつき等を考慮して上記相関式で得られた値よりも低い量に設定する。例えば、カリウム濃度１５００ｐｐｍのレタスを栽培する時には、制限カリウム施用量を１６０ｍｇ／Ｌよりも低い例えば１４０ｍｇ／Ｌに設定する。また、カリウム濃度２０００ｐｐｍのレタスを栽培する時には、制限カリウム施用量を２２０ｍｇ／Ｌよりも低い例えば２００ｍｇ／Ｌに設定する。 Therefore, it can be seen from this correlation equation that lettuce with a potassium concentration of 1500 ppm is obtained at a potassium fertilization rate of 160 mg / L, and lettuce with a potassium concentration of 2000 ppm is obtained at a potassium fertilization rate of 220 mg / L. And based on this correlation formula, a restriction | limiting potassium application rate is set. The restricted potassium application amount is set to an amount lower than the value obtained by the above correlation equation in consideration of variations and the like. For example, when cultivating lettuce with a potassium concentration of 1500 ppm, the restricted potassium application rate is set to, for example, 140 mg / L lower than 160 mg / L. Moreover, when cultivating lettuce having a potassium concentration of 2000 ppm, the restricted potassium application rate is set to, for example, 200 mg / L lower than 220 mg / L.
尚、この相関式及び制限カリウム施用量は基本的に一度取得すれば良く、その後は決められた制限カリウム施用量で低カリウム野菜を栽培することが可能である。ただし、この相関式は栽培する作物の種類毎に取得する必要がある。また、作物の品種毎にも取得することが好ましい。また、本例では育苗を通常の養液で行っているが、育苗期間もカリウム施用量を制限した養液で行うようにしても良い。 In addition, what is necessary is just to acquire this correlation type | formula and a restriction | limiting potassium application rate once, and it is possible to grow a low potassium vegetable after that by the restriction | limiting potassium application amount decided after that. However, this correlation equation must be acquired for each type of crop to be cultivated. Moreover, it is preferable to acquire for every kind of crop. In this example, raising seedlings is performed with a normal nutrient solution, but the raising period may be performed with a nutrient solution with a limited potassium application rate.
そして、制限カリウム施用量が栽培現場に提供されると、栽培現場は栽培する作物の目標のカリウム濃度に応じて提供された制限カリウム施用量を選択する（カリウム施肥量設定工程Ｓ１０２）。そして、少なくとも苗の定植後から収穫までの期間、この制限カリウム施用量でカリウム成分を施用し低カリウム野菜を栽培する。例えば、カリウム濃度１５００ｐｐｍのレタスを栽培する際には、制限カリウム施用量を１４０ｍｇ／Ｌに設定し、槽の養液が作物の吸収蒸散により減少すると、その１日の蒸散量当たり１４０ｍｇ／Ｌのカリウム成分を施用する（栽培工程Ｓ１０４）。尚、これら制限カリウム施用量のカリウム濃度は通常の施用量よりも少なく、図３に示したように、施用したカリウム成分は基本的に作物が１日で全量吸収する。よって、カリウム成分の施用は１日毎、もしくは、一日分の施用を何回かに分けて行う。 When the limited potassium application rate is provided to the cultivation site, the cultivation site selects the limited potassium application rate that is provided according to the target potassium concentration of the crop to be cultivated (potassium fertilization amount setting step S102). Then, at least during the period from the planting of the seedling to the harvesting, the potassium component is applied at this restricted potassium application amount to cultivate low potassium vegetables. For example, when cultivating lettuce with a potassium concentration of 1500 ppm, if the restricted potassium application rate is set to 140 mg / L and the nutrient solution in the tank is reduced due to absorption transpiration of the crop, 140 mg / L per day of transpiration A potassium component is applied (cultivation process S104). Note that the potassium concentration of these restricted potassium application rates is lower than the normal application rate, and as shown in FIG. 3, the applied potassium component is basically absorbed by the crop in one day. Therefore, the potassium component is applied every day or divided into several times.
また、本発明に係る低カリウム野菜の栽培方法は、薄膜水耕（ＮＦＴ）や噴霧式養液栽培等の養液総量の少ない養液栽培方法に適しており、中でも栽培する作物の根に養液を噴霧する噴霧式養液栽培に好適である。この噴霧式養液栽培は養液を多数の穴から根に向けて一斉に噴霧するため、槽内でのカリウム成分の濃度バラつきが少なく。定植位置による作物のカリウム濃度のバラつきを低減することができる。 Moreover, the cultivation method of the low potassium vegetable which concerns on this invention is suitable for the nutrient solution cultivation methods with little total amount of nutrient solutions, such as thin film hydroponics (NFT) and spray type nutrient solution cultivation, and is especially nourished by the root of the crop to grow. It is suitable for spray-type hydroponic cultivation in which the liquid is sprayed. In this spray type nutrient solution cultivation, nutrient solution is sprayed all at once from many holes toward the roots, so there is little variation in the concentration of potassium components in the tank. It is possible to reduce the variation in potassium concentration of crops depending on the planting position.
ここで、定植後から収穫までの全期間を制限カリウム施用量１４０ｍｇ／Ｌで栽培した本発明に係る栽培方法で栽培したレタスと、全期間を通常の養液で栽培したレタスと、定植後から収穫１０日前までを通常の養液で栽培し、収穫までの１０日間を無カリウム養液で栽培した従来の低カリウム野菜の栽培方法で栽培したレタスと、のそれぞれの葉の位置とカリウム濃度のグラフを図４に示す。尚、図４中の黒丸印が本発明の栽培方法によるレタスのデータであり、白丸印が通常の栽培によるレタスのデータであり、黒三角印が従来の低カリウム野菜の栽培方法によるレタスのデータである。 Here, lettuce cultivated by the cultivation method according to the present invention cultivated for the entire period from planting to harvesting at a restricted potassium application rate of 140 mg / L, lettuce cultivated in normal nutrient solution for the entire period, and after planting Lettuce cultivated up to 10 days before harvest with normal nutrient solution and cultivated with conventional low potassium vegetable cultivation method for 10 days before harvest with potassium-free nutrient solution, and each leaf position and potassium concentration A graph is shown in FIG. The black circles in FIG. 4 are lettuce data by the cultivation method of the present invention, the white circles are lettuce data by normal cultivation, and the black triangles are lettuce data by the conventional cultivation method of low potassium vegetables. It is.
図４から、全期間を通常の養液で栽培したレタスは全ての葉でカリウム濃度が２０００ｐｐｍを超え、外葉になるにつれ増加する傾向を示した。また、従来の低カリウム野菜の栽培方法によるレタスは、無カリウム養液で栽培した時期の内側の０枚目〜１３枚目の葉のカリウム濃度は１５００ｐｐｍを下回ったものの、通常の養液で栽培した外側の１４枚目以降の葉のカリウム濃度は１５００ｐｐｍを超え、外側になるにつれ増加した。これに対して、本発明の栽培方法によるレタスは、葉の位置に関わらず全ての葉においてカリウム濃度が１５００ｐｐｍ以下を示した。このことから、本発明に係る低カリウム野菜の栽培方法で栽培したレタスは、作物全体が目標のカリウム濃度を下回り、トリミングを行うことなく低カリウム野菜として出荷可能であることが判る。 From FIG. 4, lettuce cultivated in a normal nutrient solution for the entire period showed a tendency that the potassium concentration exceeded 2000 ppm in all leaves and increased as it became outer leaves. In addition, lettuce by the conventional cultivation method of low potassium vegetables is cultivated in normal nutrient solution, although the potassium concentration of the 0th to 13th leaves inside the period of cultivation with potassium-free nutrient solution was below 1500ppm The potassium concentration of the 14th and subsequent leaves on the outer side exceeded 1500 ppm, and increased with increasing outside. On the other hand, lettuce by the cultivation method of the present invention showed a potassium concentration of 1500 ppm or less in all leaves regardless of the position of the leaves. From this, it can be seen that the lettuce cultivated by the method for cultivating low potassium vegetables according to the present invention is less than the target potassium concentration and can be shipped as low potassium vegetables without trimming.
以上のように、本発明に係る低カリウム野菜の栽培方法では、作物の目標のカリウム濃度に応じた制限カリウム施用量を設定し、少なくとも苗の定植後から収穫までの期間を全てこの制限カリウム施用量で栽培を行う。尚、この制限カリウム施用量は作物が１日で吸収可能な量であり、カリウム施肥量と作物のカリウム濃度とはほぼ比例関係となる領域である。よって、この領域ではカリウムの施肥量により作物のカリウム濃度を制御することができる。そして、本発明に係る低カリウム野菜の栽培方法は、前述のように定植後の全ての栽培期間を上記の制限カリウム施用量で栽培するため、作物全体を目標のカリウム濃度とすることができる。これにより、収穫した作物を無用なトリミングを行うことなく低カリウム野菜として出荷することができる。よって、トリミング作業や外葉の廃棄等の作業負担を軽減し低カリウム野菜の生産コストを低減することができる。 As described above, in the method for cultivating low potassium vegetables according to the present invention, a limited potassium application rate is set according to the target potassium concentration of the crop, and at least the period from planting of seedlings to harvesting is all applied. Cultivate at doses. This limited potassium application amount is an amount that can be absorbed by the crop in one day, and the amount of potassium fertilization and the potassium concentration of the crop is an area that is almost proportional. Therefore, in this region, the potassium concentration of the crop can be controlled by the amount of potassium applied. And since the cultivation method of the low potassium vegetable which concerns on this invention grows all the cultivation periods after planting as mentioned above by said restriction | limiting potassium application rate, it can make the whole crop the target potassium concentration. Thereby, the harvested crop can be shipped as low potassium vegetables without unnecessary trimming. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the work load such as trimming work and disposal of outer leaves, and to reduce the production cost of low potassium vegetables.
尚、本発明に係る低カリウム野菜の栽培方法は、レタス類等の葉物野菜に好適なものであるが、特に葉物野菜に限定されるわけではなく、全ての農作物に適用が可能である。また、本例で示した低カリウム野菜の栽培方法は一例であり、相関式の取得方法、栽培方法、培地の有無及び種類、各数値等は上記の例に限定されるものではなく、本発明は本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で変更して実施することが可能である。 The method for cultivating low potassium vegetables according to the present invention is suitable for leafy vegetables such as lettuce, but is not particularly limited to leafy vegetables and can be applied to all crops. . Moreover, the cultivation method of the low potassium vegetable shown in this example is an example, and the acquisition method of the correlation formula, the cultivation method, the presence / absence and type of the medium, each numerical value, etc. are not limited to the above examples, and the present invention The present invention can be modified and implemented without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Ｓ１００ 相関式取得工程
Ｓ１０２ カリウム施肥量設定工程
Ｓ１０４ 栽培工程
S100 correlation equation acquisition process
S102 Potassium fertilizer application amount setting process
S104 Cultivation process
Claims (4)
栽培する作物の目標のカリウム濃度に基づいて前記作物が１日で全量吸収し得る量の制限カリウム施用量を設定し、
少なくとも苗の定植後から収穫までの期間、前記制限カリウム施用量に基づいてカリウム成分を施用して、前記作物が吸収するカリウム成分の１日の量を制限し、低カリウム野菜を栽培することを特徴とする低カリウム野菜の栽培方法。 It is a cultivation method of low potassium vegetables by hydroponics,
Based on the target potassium concentration of the crop to be cultivated, set a limited potassium application amount that the crop can absorb in one day,
Applying a potassium component based on the limited potassium application rate at least during the period from planting to harvesting of seedlings, limiting the daily amount of potassium component absorbed by the crop, and cultivating low potassium vegetables A method for cultivating low potassium vegetables, which is characterized.
前記制限カリウム施用量に基づいて、作物が吸収した養液の１日の蒸散量に比例した量のカリウム成分を施用し低カリウム野菜を栽培することを特徴とする請求項１記載の低カリウム野菜の栽培方法。 Based on the previously obtained correlation formula between the potassium application amount per nutrient solution transpiration and the potassium concentration of the crop, the limited potassium application rate is set,
2. The low potassium vegetable according to claim 1, wherein a low potassium vegetable is cultivated by applying a potassium component in an amount proportional to the daily transpiration of the nutrient solution absorbed by the crop based on the limited potassium application amount. Cultivation method.
蒸散量当たりのカリウム施用量（ｘ）と作物のカリウム濃度（ｙ）との相関式を ｙ＝ａｘ＋ｂ としたときに、
ａ＝８．４ であることを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれかに記載の低カリウム野菜の栽培方法。 The crop is lettuce,
When the correlation equation between the potassium application rate per transpiration (x) and the potassium concentration (y) of the crop is y = ax + b,
It is a = 8.4. The cultivation method of the low potassium vegetable in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3 characterized by the above-mentioned.
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| JP2011036226A (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2011-02-24 | Akita Prefectural Univ | Low potassium-containing leaf vegetable and method for cultivating the same |
| JP2011135797A (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2011-07-14 | Shimane Univ | Fruit or vegetable hydroponic method |
| JP2012179006A (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2012-09-20 | Kaneko Shubyo Kk | Device and program for controlling fertilizer application |
| WO2014054821A1 (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2014-04-10 | 会津富士加工株式会社 | Vegetable having low potassium content, and method for culturing said vegetable |
| WO2015129854A1 (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2015-09-03 | 会津富士加工株式会社 | Low-potassium-content vegetable and method for cultivating same |
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| JP2011036226A (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2011-02-24 | Akita Prefectural Univ | Low potassium-containing leaf vegetable and method for cultivating the same |
| JP2011135797A (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2011-07-14 | Shimane Univ | Fruit or vegetable hydroponic method |
| JP2012179006A (en) * | 2011-03-01 | 2012-09-20 | Kaneko Shubyo Kk | Device and program for controlling fertilizer application |
| WO2014054821A1 (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2014-04-10 | 会津富士加工株式会社 | Vegetable having low potassium content, and method for culturing said vegetable |
| WO2015129854A1 (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2015-09-03 | 会津富士加工株式会社 | Low-potassium-content vegetable and method for cultivating same |
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