KR102181590B1 - Method for culturing low potassium content vegetable and low potassium content vegetable prepared therefrom - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a seedling step of sowing vegetable seeds and producing seedlings with a low potassium hydroponic solution; Cultivating the seedlings produced in the seedling step with a potassium-containing hydroponic solution; And cultivating a low-potassium vegetable by cultivating a vegetable grown with the potassium-containing hydroponic solution again with a low-potassium-containing hydroponic solution to cultivate a low-potassium vegetable.
According to the cultivation method of low-potassium vegetables of the present invention, low-potassium vegetables having a low potassium-containing level can be stably produced. In addition, the low-potassium vegetables according to the method of the present invention can be safely introduced into the diet even in patients with kidney disease who require restriction of potassium intake.

Description

Method for culturing low potassium content vegetable and low potassium content vegetable prepared therefrom

The present invention relates to a method of cultivating a low-potassium vegetable and a low-potassium vegetable cultivated accordingly, and more specifically, a seedling step of sowing vegetable seeds and producing seedlings with a first low-potassium hydroponic solution; Cultivating the seedlings produced in the seedling step with a potassium-containing hydroponic solution; And cultivating a low-potassium vegetable by cultivating the vegetable grown with the potassium-containing hydroponic solution again with a second low-potassium-containing hydroponic solution.

Although modern medicine is advancing at a rapid pace, artificial organs that replace the heart, lungs, and liver are the only long-term kidney function among the major organs in the body, even though long-term maintenance therapy is not yet common. It is a universal treatment that has been maintained for decades or more instead of.

Dialysis therapy is divided into hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. For the management and maintenance of dialysis patients, the Korean Nephrology Association has operated a nationwide registration project for end-stage rehabilitation patients as an academic program since 1985, and is a new replacement in Korea every year. Presenting the status of therapy. According to data from the registration committee of the Korean Nephrology Association, as of the end of 2011, the number of hemodialysis patients in Korea was 42,595 (84.7%, 823.6 patients/million people), and the number of peritoneal dialysis patients was 7,694 (15.3%, 148.8 patients/million people). ), the total number of dialysis patients is 50,289 (972.4/million). The number of hemodialysis patients is increasing by about 5-8% every year, but the number of peritoneal dialysis patients has remained unchanged in about 8,000. The most common cause of end-stage renal failure is diabetic nephropathy (47.1%), followed by hypertensive glomerulosclerosis (19.6%) and chronic glomerulonephritis (10.4%).

The kidneys are important organs that have various functions such as controlling body fluids, maintaining the balance of acids and bases in the body, and secreting hormones in addition to the excretion function of excreting waste products generated during the human body's metabolic process. Patients undergoing renal dialysis due to chronic renal failure must receive hemodialysis regularly 2-3 times a week because the tubules of the kidney are damaged and cannot filter waste products.

On the other hand, potassium must be managed at a certain level (3.5~5.5mEq/L) in the blood. If the level is high, potassium in the blood must be filtered through dialysis, otherwise it may be a risk to life. Patients with kidney impairment cannot filter out the potassium consumed as food and accumulate in the body, and an increase in potassium in the serum reduces the difference between the levels of potassium in the extracellular and inner fluids, resulting in muscle and nerve excitement even without mild or even irritation. do. The Korean Dietitian Association recommends that the recommended daily intake of potassium for kidney dialysis patients is 1,500 to 2,500 (mg/day). A healthy person's potassium intake is 3,500 (mg/day) (Korean Nutrition Society, Korean intake standard). Since potassium is contained in many food ingredients, kidney disease patients need to be careful about protein and salt intake, and in particular, potassium intake.

Potassium is the three major elements necessary for plant growth, and vegetables always contain potassium. However, in order to manage the level of potassium in the blood below a certain level, chronic renal patients are unable to consume raw vegetables containing potassium. In other words, in order to lower the content of potassium contained in the raw vegetables, there is a discomfort of soaking the raw vegetables in water (10% reduction) or boiling them (30-50% reduction) and eating them. In the case of dipping or blanching raw vegetables in water to lower the potassium content, vitamins or plant biosynthetic substances (Phyto-chemical) that can be consumed as raw vegetables cannot be ingested, and the texture of vegetables is deteriorated.

Until now, as a method of cultivating vegetables with a low potassium content, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-61587, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2011-36226, and Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0034789 are cultivated with a potassium-containing hydroponic solution. Then, a method of cultivating a vegetable having a low potassium content by cultivating it with a potassium-free hydroponic solution is disclosed.

However, in the case of cultivating low-potassium-containing vegetables through the above method, the growth of vegetables is impaired due to the sudden use of a potassium-free hydroponic solution, resulting in a decrease in the yield of vegetables or discoloration of the leaves. Due to the problem of poor marketability, it was difficult to cultivate low-potassium vegetables commercially.

Accordingly, the present inventors, as a result of intensive research efforts to overcome the problems of the prior art, sowing a vegetable seed, and a seedling step of producing a seedling with a low potassium hydroponic solution; Cultivating the seedlings produced in the seedling step with a potassium-containing hydroponic solution; And cultivating a low-potassium vegetable by cultivating a vegetable grown with the potassium-containing hydroponic solution again with a low-potassium-containing hydroponic solution; in the case of cultivating a low-potassium vegetable, a vegetable having a potassium content of 40% of a general vegetable can be obtained. At the same time, it was confirmed that sufficiently grown low-potassium vegetables could be supplied stably, and this invention was completed.

Accordingly, the main object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating low-potassium vegetables having an advantage of stably cultivating sufficiently grown low-potassium vegetables while being able to obtain vegetables having a potassium content of 40% of that of ordinary vegetables. have.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a low potassium vegetable using the cultivation method of the low potassium vegetable.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention is a seedling step of sowing vegetable seeds and producing seedlings with a first low-potassium hydroponic solution; Cultivating the seedlings produced in the seedling step with a potassium-containing hydroponic solution; And cultivating a low-potassium vegetable by cultivating the vegetable grown with the potassium-containing hydroponic solution again with a second low-potassium-containing hydroponic solution to cultivate a low-potassium vegetable.

The inventors have studied conditions that can be cultivated under various cultivation conditions and stably provide low-potassium vegetables.

As a result, it was found that the composition and cultivation period of the hydroponic solution during the sowing stage and the cultivation period before harvest are important. During the sowing stage and the cultivation period before harvest, by changing the ratio of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the hydroponic solution to the conventional potassium-containing hydroponic solution, cultivation using a hydroponic solution with a low weight ratio of potassium It is now possible to grow high-quality low-potassium vegetables.

For example, lettuces of Charles and Multigreen varieties are sown in a low-potassium-containing hydroponic solution to produce seedlings, then replaced with a conventional potassium-containing hydroponic solution, and then cultivated again in a low-potassium-containing hydroponic solution. By doing so, it is possible to obtain vegetables that have a potassium concentration of 40% compared to lettuce in general hydroponic cultivation at the time of harvest.

The method of cultivating a low-potassium vegetable of the present invention is cultivated using a hydroponic solution having a low weight ratio of potassium by changing the ratio of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the hydroponic solution in the conventional potassium-containing hydroponic solution during the sowing step and the cultivation period before harvesting. , Growth inhibition, leaf discoloration, etc., and stable quality low-potassium vegetables can be grown.

To this end, the method of cultivating a low-potassium vegetable of the present invention includes a seedling step of immersing the vegetable seeds in a first low-potassium hydroponic solution to produce seedlings. Thereafter, after immersion, germination and rooting are checked, cultivated for a certain period in a first low potassium hydroponic solution, and after a certain level of plant growth, the cultivation is performed using a hydroponic solution containing potassium.

For example, in the case of lettuce, the soaking period in the first low-potassium hydroponic solution is 2 to 3 days, the cultivation period for the potassium-containing hydroponic solution is about 3 to 4 weeks, and the cultivation period for the second low potassium hydroponic solution is 1 to It can be harvested after 2 weeks of cultivation.

In the method of cultivating a low-potassium vegetable of the present invention, the specific gravity of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the first and second low-potassium hydroponic solutions is 2 to 4 parts by weight of nitrogen, and 0.1 to 0.2 parts by weight of potassium relative to 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid. It is characterized in that it has parts, and the specific gravity of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the potassium-containing hydroponic solution is 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid, 2 to 4 parts by weight of nitrogen, and 1 to 2 parts by weight of potassium. When the weight ratio of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the first and second low-potassium hydroponic solutions is within the above range, both length and weight can be grown to a sufficient size at the time of harvest, and vegetables of stable quality can be supplied.

During the cultivation period as a low potassium hydroponic solution, the hydroponic solution contains nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium, which are the three elements of plants, in the above ratio, but other elements such as magnesium, manganese, boron, and other elements required by plants It is preferable to further include. The concentration of elements other than nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium may be within the concentration range contained in the hydroponic solution used in normal hydroponic cultivation.

As an example of the composition of the potassium-containing hydroponic solution, the Yamazaki solution of the following [Table 1], which is most commonly used, may be mentioned, and an example of the composition of the low-potassium hydroponic solution is the composition of potassium based on the composition of the Yamazaki culture solution. Examples of the potassium 10% culture solution and potassium 5% culture solution of the following [Table 1] in which the content is adjusted are mentioned.

[Table 1]

Based on the composition of the aqueous solution of Table 1, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the first and second low-potassium aqueous solution is 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid, 2 to 4 parts by weight of nitrogen, and 0.1 part of potassium It can be used by adjusting to 0.2 parts by weight, and it is well known to those skilled in the art to adjust the composition of the aqueous solution within the above range.

In addition, in the cultivation method of low potassium vegetables of the present invention, the electrical conductivity (EC) value (dS/m) of the hydroponic solution is 0.2 to 0.6 (dS/m) in the low potassium hydroponic solution used in the seedling step. ), preferably 1 to 3 (dS/m) in a potassium-containing hydroponic solution, and 0.8 to 1.5 (dS/m) in a low potassium-containing hydroponic solution before harvesting.

In hydroponic cultivation of vegetables, it is common to cultivate at an electrical conductivity (EC) value of 1 to 3 (dS/m), but in the present invention, the electrical conductivity in the hydroponic solution containing low potassium used in the seedling stage By cultivating while keeping the value low and by applying a kind of ionic stress to young vegetables, this gives resistance to potassium shortage in advance during the growing period in a low potassium aqueous solution before harvesting in the future. When cultivating low-potassium vegetables, there is an advantage in that growth disorder or discoloration of leaves does not occur.

In addition, in the method of cultivating a low-potassium vegetable of the present invention, the pH of the hydroponic solution is preferably maintained at a pH of 5.0 to 7.0 during the step of cultivating a potassium-containing hydroponic solution and the step of cultivating a low-potassium vegetable. If the pH of the hydroponic solution is weakly acidic, the solubility of all fertilizer bases is good, so the composition of the hydroponic solution is stable, and as a result, the quality of harvested vegetables is also stable.

In addition, in the method of cultivating a low potassium vegetable of the present invention, it is preferable to manage and cultivate fertilizer conditions by continuously monitoring the EC value and pH of the hydroponic solution during the entire cultivation period. Constant cultivation of hydroponic fluid conditions while continuously monitoring EC values and pH can result in stable quality low-potassium vegetables.

In hydroponic cultivation, since plants absorb nutrients in the hydroponic solution, the composition of the hydroponic solution changes over time. Therefore, in order to harvest vegetables of stable quality, it is preferable to cultivate hydroponic solutions while monitoring the hydroponic solution with a constant monitor and cultivate while adjusting the composition of the hydroponic solution to be constant.

In the cultivation method of the present invention, a flow path monitor of the circulation type hydroponic cultivation apparatus is installed, and the hydroponic solution can be cultivated while adjusting the hydroponic solution so that the electrolyte and pH of the hydroponic solution are always maintained in a certain range. According to this cultivation method, even when a large-scale hydroponic cultivation system is used, the state of the hydroponic solution is kept constant, and low potassium vegetables can be stably produced. Hydroponic cultivation of the present invention may use a circulation type hydroponic cultivation apparatus, but any hydroponic cultivation apparatus may be used as long as the cultivation conditions can be kept constant.

In the method of cultivating a low-potassium vegetable of the present invention, the step of cultivating the low-potassium vegetable is preferably cultivated with the second low potassium-containing hydroponic solution for a period of 1 to 2 weeks before harvesting. It depends on the type of vegetable grown, but it is cultivated 1 to 2 weeks before harvesting, so that the potassium content is 40% less than that of general vegetables, and the weight and length at harvest time are also satisfactory. It is possible.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a low potassium vegetable cultivated by the method of cultivating low potassium vegetables.

Low-potassium vegetables cultivated according to the cultivation method of low-potassium vegetables of the present invention can stably produce vegetables whose potassium content at harvest is 40% or less compared to the potassium level of commonly grown vegetables.

Therefore, the cultivation method of the present invention can stably produce low-potassium vegetables with a low potassium-containing level, so that patients with kidney disease who require restriction of potassium intake can be safely introduced into the diet.

As described above, according to the method of cultivating low potassium vegetables of the present invention, low potassium vegetables having a low potassium content level can be stably produced.

In addition, the low-potassium vegetables according to the method of the present invention can be safely introduced into the diet even in patients with kidney disease who require restriction of potassium intake.

1 is a schematic diagram showing a cultivation method according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a photograph of vegetables produced by the cultivation method of the present invention.
3 is a graph analyzing elemental components contained in vegetables produced by the cultivation method of the present invention.
4 is a graph showing the weight and number of leaves of vegetables produced by the cultivation method of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail through examples. Since these examples are for illustrative purposes only, the scope of the present invention is not to be construed as being limited by these examples.

Example One. Low potassium Vegetable cultivation

Cultivation was carried out at a plant factory located in Andong, Gyeongbuk (36°37'29.3"N,128°38'06.9"E). In the experiment, two varieties of lettuce varieties'Charles'and'Multigreen' were used. After planting, the cultivation environment of all experimental zones is CO ₂ 600-650ppm, light intensity 200mol·m ^-2 ·s ^-1 , relative humidity 65%, LED light source W:R(9:1), temperature( Daytime 21℃, nighttime 15℃).

From 3 days later, seedlings of lettuce (Multi Green, Charles varieties) sown using a low-potassium hydroponic solution consisting of 3 and 0.15 parts by weight of nitrogen and potassium, respectively, compared to EC value of 0.4 (dS/m) and 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid. After cultivation for 21 days using a potassium-containing hydroponic solution, the cultivation was performed again for 7 days and 14 days using a low-potassium hydroponic solution, respectively.

The composition of the potassium-containing hydroponic solution was used in the cultivation step of low-potassium vegetables with a weight ratio of nitrogen and potassium of 3, and 1.5, respectively, and an EC value of 1.0 (dS/m) compared to 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid. The composition of the second low-potassium-containing hydroponic solution was 3 nitrogen and 0.075 weight ratio of phosphoric acid, respectively, compared to 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid, and a hydroponic solution having an EC value of 1.2 (dS/m) was used.

Example 2. Analysis of ingredients of grown vegetables

The potassium concentration of the low-potassium vegetables grown as described above was analyzed through ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer), and is shown in FIG. 3.

In order to compare the growth of lettuce, the fresh weight of the above-ground and underground parts was measured for each treatment section after harvesting, and the number of leaves excluding the leaves that had fallen due to aging was measured. In order to determine the potassium and inorganic content, it was measured with an inductively coupled plasma analyzer (ICP, Elan DRC-e, USA). Lettuce samples nitrate ions for analysis by pre-dried by using a freeze-dryer after removal of the below-ground after the harvest ^{crushing-acid} was digested using the (HNO _3). Thereafter, the weight of the dissolved solution was accurately measured, and then the inorganic components were measured. The inorganic components of lettuce were expressed in mg per unit dry weight (g). The experiment was arranged in 3 replicates of egg mass method, and lettuce growth and inorganic component analysis were performed in 3 replicates for each treatment group. For statistical analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed using the SPSS program (SPSS staistic 24, IBM company, USA), and Duncan's multiple range test was used for comparison between means.

As a result, in the case of potassium (K), it was observed that the concentration of potassium remaining in the harvested vegetable leaves decreases as the treatment time of the low-potassium hydroponic solution increases and the concentration of potassium in the culture medium decreases. .

In the case of sulfur (S), phosphorus (P), and iron (Fe), there was no clear tendency according to the treatment of the low potassium hydroponic solution, and the'Charles' variety was treated with the low potassium hydroponic solution for 2 weeks. In the group, a tendency of some increase in magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and sodium (Na) content was observed compared to the treatment for 1 week. This may be due to the adaptation of plants to ion absorption according to cultivar characteristics, and it is believed that absorption of other elements partially increases as absorption of potassium decreases.

In addition, the dry weight of the harvested vegetables and changes in the number of leaves were measured and shown in FIG. 4. As a result, it was observed that there was no significant change in the weight of leaves and raw vegetables in the Multi Green and Charles varieties.

Based on the above results, it was confirmed that the low-potassium vegetables cultivated according to the hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention can stably produce vegetables whose potassium content at the time of harvest is 40% or less of the potassium level of commonly grown vegetables. Therefore, the cultivation method of the present invention can stably produce low-potassium vegetables with a low potassium-containing level, so that patients with kidney disease who require restriction of potassium intake can be safely introduced into the diet.

As described above, specific parts of the present invention have been described in detail, and it is obvious that these specific techniques are only preferred embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the art.

Therefore, it will be said that the substantial scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

A seedling step of sowing vegetable seeds and producing seedlings with a first low potassium hydroponic solution;
Cultivating the seedlings produced in the seedling step with a potassium-containing hydroponic solution; And
Including, the step of cultivating a vegetable grown with the potassium-containing hydroponic solution again with a second low-potassium hydroponic solution to cultivate a low-potassium vegetable;
The specific gravity of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the first and second low-potassium hydroponic solutions is 2 to 4 parts by weight of nitrogen, and 0.1 to 0.2 parts by weight of potassium, based on 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid, and nitrogen in the potassium-containing hydroponic solution , Phosphoric acid, and the specific gravity of potassium is characterized in that relative to 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid, 2 to 4 parts by weight of nitrogen, and 1 to 2 parts by weight of potassium,
The first low potassium-containing hydroponic solution in the seedling step has an electrical conductivity value (dS/m) of 0.2 to 0.6, and the potassium-containing hydroponic solution in the cultivation step is 1 to 3 (dS/m) of electricity. It has an Electrical Conductance value (dS/m), and the second low potassium-containing hydroponic solution of the low potassium vegetable cultivation step has an electrical conductivity value (dS/m) of 0.8 to 1.5,
The step of cultivating the low-potassium vegetable is characterized in that cultivation with a second low-potassium aqueous solution for a period of 1 to 2 weeks before harvesting,
How to grow low potassium vegetables. delete delete delete delete

Images