KR102181591B1 - Method for culturing low nitric acid content vegetable and low nitric acid content vegetable prepared therefrom - Google Patents

Method for culturing low nitric acid content vegetable and low nitric acid content vegetable prepared therefrom Download PDF

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KR102181591B1
KR102181591B1 KR1020180060017A KR20180060017A KR102181591B1 KR 102181591 B1 KR102181591 B1 KR 102181591B1 KR 1020180060017 A KR1020180060017 A KR 1020180060017A KR 20180060017 A KR20180060017 A KR 20180060017A KR 102181591 B1 KR102181591 B1 KR 102181591B1
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nitric acid
low
vegetables
hydroponic solution
low nitric
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KR20190134956A (en
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김용군
신종화
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농업회사법인 주식회사 바이오웍스
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach 
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
    • C05G5/23—Solutions

Abstract

본 발명은 채소 종자를 파종하고, 제1 질산 저함유 수경액으로 유묘를 생산하는 육묘 단계, 상기 육묘단계에서 생산된 유묘를 질산 함유 수경액으로 재배하는 단계, 및 상기 질산 함유 수경액으로 재배된 채소를 다시 제2 질산 저함유 수경액으로 재배하여 저질산 채소를 재배하는 단계를 포함하는 저질산 채소의 재배방법에 관한 것이다.
본 발명의 저질산 채소의 재배방법에 따르면 질산 함유 수준이 낮은 저질산 채소를 안정적으로 생산할 수 있다. 또한, 본 발명의 방법에 따른 저질산 채소는 질산염의 과도한 섭취 우려가 없이 안심하고 식생활에 도입될 수 있다.The present invention is a seedling step of sowing vegetable seeds and producing seedlings with a first low nitric acid hydroponic solution, cultivating the seedlings produced in the seedling step with a nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution, and cultivated with the nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution. It relates to a method for cultivating low nitric acid vegetables comprising the step of cultivating low nitric acid vegetables by cultivating the vegetables again with a second low nitric acid aqueous solution.
According to the cultivation method of low nitric acid vegetables of the present invention, low nitric acid vegetables having a low nitric acid content level can be stably produced. In addition, low-nitrate vegetables according to the method of the present invention can be safely introduced into diet without fear of excessive intake of nitrate.

Description

저질산 채소의 재배방법 및 이에 따라 재배된 저질산 채소{Method for culturing low nitric acid content vegetable and low nitric acid content vegetable prepared therefrom}[Method for culturing low nitric acid content vegetable and low nitric acid content vegetable prepared therefrom}

본 발명은 저질산 채소의 재배방법 및 이에 따라 재배된 저질산 채소에 관한 것으로, 더욱 구체적으로 채소 종자를 파종하고, 질산 저함유 수경액으로 유묘를 생산하는 육묘 단계; 상기 육묘단계에서 생산된 유묘를 질산 함유 수경액으로 재배하는 단계; 및 상기 질산 함유 수경액으로 재배된 채소를 다시 질산 저함유 수경액으로 재배하여 저질산 채소를 재배하는 단계;를 포함하는 저질산 채소의 재배방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method of cultivating low nitric acid vegetables and low nitric acid vegetables cultivated accordingly, and more specifically, a seedling step of sowing vegetable seeds and producing seedlings with a low nitric acid hydroponic solution; Cultivating the seedlings produced in the seedling step with a nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution; And cultivating a low-nitric acid vegetable by cultivating the vegetable grown with the nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution again with a low nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution.

한국의 농업환경과 질산염 오염 문제에 있어서, 토양과 물이 질산염으로 오염되는 원인은 질소비료와 가축분뇨를 함유한 퇴비를 과도하게 사용하고 있기 때문이다. 질산염 성분의 비료는 합성비료나 천연비료와 관계없이 질산염 농도를 높이게 되고, 질산염을 작물이 과량 흡수하게 되므로, 영양소로 이용하지 못할 만큼 넘치는 질산염 시비를 하게 됨으로서 오염의 정도가 심각한 수준이 되고 있다. In Korea's agricultural environment and nitrate pollution problem, the reason that soil and water are contaminated with nitrate is due to excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer and compost containing livestock manure. Nitrate-based fertilizers increase nitrate concentration regardless of synthetic fertilizers or natural fertilizers, and because crops absorb excessive nitrates, nitrate fertilizers that are too much to be used as nutrients are fertilized, leading to a serious level of contamination.

한국인의 질산염 오염문제는 작물의 다수확을 추구하는 재배 농가에서 추천 시비량을 훨씬 웃도는 질소를 관행적으로 사용하여온 결과로 단위면적당 질소비료의 사용량이 1970년대 이후 급격하게 증가하여 작목별 재배면적과 추천 시비량을 근거로 소비가 예측되는 질소비료의 양은 292,600 톤으로 추정되고 있으나, 실제로 사용되고 있는 질소비료 시비량은 467,000 톤이어서 추천 시비량의 약 1.6배가 사용되고 있는 실정에 있다. 채소의 경우 질산염이 집적되는 양은 질소 시비량이 증가할수록 늘어나 가식 부위에 따라서는 최고 130배까지 증가하게 된다. The problem of nitrate pollution among Koreans is that the use of nitrogen fertilizer per unit area has increased sharply since the 1970s as a result of the conventional use of nitrogen that exceeds the recommended fertilization amount by cultivated farms pursuing large crops. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer that is expected to be consumed is estimated to be 292,600 tons, but the actual amount of nitrogen fertilizer fertilization is 467,000 tons, so about 1.6 times the recommended fertilization amount is being used. In the case of vegetables, the amount of nitrate accumulated increases as the amount of nitrogen fertilization increases, increasing up to 130 times depending on the edible area.

사람이 섭취하는 질산염의 85% 이상은 채소를 통해서 이루어지고, 나머지는 식수 등을 통해서 섭취하는 것으로 추정되며, 나라별 채소를 통한 질산염 섭취량은 독일의 경우 72.4%, 미국 75.0% 일본 89.9%인 것으로 알려져 있다. 특히 한국인은 채소의 섭취량에 따르는 질산염의 섭취량이 높은 편인데, 한국인의 일일 질산염 섭취량은 FAO/WHO의 일일섭취허용량(ADI, Acceptable Daily Intake) 219㎎을 1.8∼3.4배나 초과하는 것으로 파악되었다. 독일, 오스트리아, 스위스, 네델란드 등 유럽 각국에서는 채소별 질산염(NO3 -) 함량 허용기준치가 2,500에서 3,500ppm 범위로 정해져 있다. 그뿐만 아니라 각 채소의 질산염 함량 허용기준을 초과하는 경우 국가 간 교역이 금지되어 수출되 채소가 국경에서 되돌려지거나, 국내생산 채소도 시장 또는 식당에서 검사를 통해 질산염 함량이 허용기준치를 초과하는 채소는 강제 폐기 처분되고 있다.It is estimated that more than 85% of nitrate consumed by humans comes from vegetables, and the rest is from drinking water, and the amount of nitrate from vegetables by country is 72.4% in Germany, 75.0% in the US, 89.9% in Japan. Is known. In particular, Koreans have a high intake of nitrate depending on the intake of vegetables, but it was found that the daily intake of nitrate exceeded the FAO/WHO's Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) 219 mg by 1.8 to 3.4 times. In Europe, countries such as Germany, Austria, Switzerland, the Netherlands nitrates by vegetables (NO 3 -) content is acceptable threshold is defined in the range of 2,500 to 3,500ppm. In addition, if the nitrate content of each vegetable exceeds the limit, trade between countries is prohibited and the vegetables are returned at the border, or domestically produced vegetables are also inspected at markets or restaurants, and vegetables with nitrate content exceeding the limit are prohibited. It is being forcibly disposed of.

질산염은 그 자체로는 인간과 동물에 독성이 그리 강하지 않다. 저농도에서는 거의 영향이 없이 흡수되는 대로 인체 외부로 배설되고, 고농도일 경우에는 약한 설사 작용과 이뇨작용을 하는 정도이다. Nitrate itself is not very toxic to humans and animals. At low concentrations, it is excreted to the outside of the human body as soon as it is absorbed with little effect, and at high concentrations, it has weak diarrhea and diuretic effects.

그러나, 질산염은 독성이 강한 아질산으로 쉽게 환원되는데, 사람의 위장관 세균은 질산염을 아질산염으로 환원시키는 작용을 하여 질산염이 위장관 내에서 아민과 결합하여 나이트로사민이 되어 돌연변이, 태아 기형, 위암을 발생시키는 인자가 된다.However, nitrate is easily reduced to nitrous acid, which is highly toxic, and human gastrointestinal bacteria act to reduce nitrate to nitrite, so that nitrate combines with amines in the gastrointestinal tract to become nitrosamine, causing mutations, fetal malformations, and stomach cancer. Becomes a factor.

이러한 이유로 사람이 질산염을 다량 섭취하면 위에서 아질산염으로 환원된 후 혈액의 헤모글로빈과 결합하여 혈관 확장을 유발하며, 혈압강하, 뇌혈류 감소 등으로 실신하게 하고, 헤모글로빈이 메트헤모글로빈으로 전환되는데, 혈액 속의 메트헤모글로빈 농도가 올라가면 혈액의 산소 운반 능력이 저하되어 피부, 입술, 손톱 등에 청색증이 나타난다. For this reason, when a person ingests a large amount of nitrate, it is reduced to nitrite in the stomach and then combined with hemoglobin in the blood to cause vasodilation, causing fainting by lowering blood pressure and reducing cerebral blood flow, and hemoglobin is converted to methemoglobin. When hemoglobin concentration rises, the blood's oxygen-carrying capacity decreases, resulting in cyanosis on the skin, lips, and nails.

질산염 중독에 의한 메트헤모글로빈증은 1945년의 첫 사례 이후 전 세계적으로 약 2,000건 이상 보고되었으며, 치사율은 약 10%인 것으로 알려져 있다. 또한, 질산염은 타액에 존재하는 S. epidermides 등 각종 세균의 작용이나 위장관 내에서 아민과 결합하여 나이트로사민(nitroamine)이 되기도 한다. 나이트로사민은 간에 많이 분포된 P450 효소체계에 의하여 독성이 강한 중간물질로 대사되는데, 이 물질이 거대분자나 DNA와 결합하여 세포독성, 암과 돌연변이, 태아 기형을 일으키게 된다. 나이트로사민의 종류는 300여 가지가 있는데 이 가운데 95%가 발암성을 갖는 것으로 검사되었다.Methemoglobinosis caused by nitrate poisoning has been reported in more than 2,000 cases worldwide since the first case in 1945, and the mortality rate is known to be about 10%. In addition, nitrate may become nitroamine by binding with amines in the gastrointestinal tract or by the action of various bacteria such as S. epidermides present in saliva. Nitrosamine is metabolized into highly toxic intermediates by the P450 enzyme system, which is widely distributed in the liver, which binds to macromolecules or DNA, causing cytotoxicity, cancer and mutation, and fetal malformations. There are about 300 types of nitrosamine, of which 95% were tested to have carcinogenic properties.

지금까지, 질산염 함량이 낮은 채소를 재배하는 방법에 관한 기술은 단순히 질산염 함량이 낮은 비료를 사용하여 재배하는 기술 외에는 뚜렷한 방법이 없었으며, 특히, 질산염 저함량 채소를 재배하는 방법을 수경재배에 적용한 기술은 지금까지 알려진 바 없다. Until now, there has been no clear method for cultivating vegetables with low nitrate content except for cultivation using fertilizers with low nitrate content. In particular, technology applying the method of cultivating vegetables with low nitrate content to hydroponic cultivation Is not known so far.

이에, 본 발명자들은 상기 종래기술들의 문제점들을 극복하기 위하여 예의 연구노력한 결과, 채소 종자를 파종하고, 질산 저함유 수경액으로 유묘를 생산하는 육묘 단계; 상기 육묘단계에서 생산된 유묘를 질산 함유 수경액으로 재배하는 단계; 및 상기 질산 함유 수경액으로 재배된 채소를 다시 질산 저함유 수경액으로 재배하여 저질산 채소를 재배하는 단계;를 통해 저질산 채소를 재배하는 경우, 질산 함유량이 일반 채소의 40% 수준의 채소를 얻을 수 있음과 동시에, 충분히 생육한 저질산 채소를 안정적으로 공급할 수 있음을 확인하고, 본　발명을 완성하게 되었다.Thus, the present inventors, as a result of intensive research efforts to overcome the problems of the prior art, sowing a vegetable seed, and a seedling step of producing a seedling with a low nitric acid hydroponic solution; Cultivating the seedlings produced in the seedling step with a nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution; And cultivating a low-nitric acid vegetable by cultivating the vegetable grown with the nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution again with a low nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution; in the case of cultivating a low-nitric acid vegetable, a vegetable having a nitric acid content of 40% of that of a general vegetable At the same time, it was confirmed that low-nitrate vegetables that were sufficiently grown can be stably supplied, and this invention was completed.

따라서, 본 발명의 주된 목적은 질산 함유량이 일반 채소의 40% 수준의 채소를 얻을 수 있음과 동시에, 충분히 생육한 저질산 채소를 안정적으로 재배할 수 있는 장점이 있는 저질산 채소의 재배방법을 제공하는 데 있다.Accordingly, the main object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating low-nitric acid vegetables having advantages of stably cultivating low-nitric acid vegetables that have sufficiently grown while being able to obtain vegetables having a nitric acid content of 40% of normal vegetables. I have to.

본 발명의 다른 목적은 상기 저질산 채소의 재배방법을 이용한 질산염 함량이 낮은 저질산 채소를 제공하는데 있다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a low nitric acid vegetable having a low nitrate content using the cultivation method of the low nitric acid vegetable.

본 발명의 한 양태에 따르면, 본 발명은 채소 종자를 파종하고, 제1 질산 저함유 수경액으로 유묘를 생산하는 육묘 단계; 상기 육묘단계에서 생산된 유묘를 질산 함유 수경액으로 재배하는 단계; 및 상기 질산 함유 수경액으로 재배된 채소를 다시 제2 질산 저함유 수경액으로 재배하여 저질산 채소를 재배하는 단계;를 포함하는 저질산 채소의 재배방법을 제공한다.According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention is a seedling step of sowing vegetable seeds and producing seedlings with a first low nitric acid aqueous solution; Cultivating the seedlings produced in the seedling step with a nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution; And cultivating the vegetables grown with the nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution again using the second low-nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution to cultivate the low-nitric acid vegetables.

본 발명자는 다양한 재배 조건에서 재배하고, 저질산 채소를 안정적으로 제공할 수 있는 조건을 검토하였다.The inventors cultivated under various cultivation conditions and studied conditions for stably providing low nitric acid vegetables.

그 결과, 파종 단계 및 수확 전 재배 기간 동안의 수경액의 조성 및 재배기간이 중요하다는 것을 밝혀냈다. 파종 단계 및 수확 전 재배 기간 동안, 종래의 질산 함유 수경액에서 수경액 내의 질소, 인산, 칼륨의 비율을 변경하여 질산염의 중량비가 낮은 수경액을 이용하여 재배함으로써, 잎 변색 등의 장애도 없이 안정된 품질의 저질산 채소를 재배할 수 있게 되었다.As a result, it was found that the composition and cultivation period of the hydroponic solution during the sowing stage and the cultivation period before harvest are important. During the sowing stage and the cultivation period before harvesting, by changing the ratio of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the hydroponic solution to the conventional nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution, cultivation using a hydroponic solution having a low weight ratio of nitrate, is stable without any obstacles such as discoloration of leaves. It is now possible to grow high-quality low-nitrate vegetables.

예를 들어, 찰스 및 멀티그린 품종의 상추는 저질산 함유 수경액에서 파종하여 유묘를 생산한 후, 이를 다시 통상적인 질산 함유 수경액으로 바꾸어 재배하다가, 수확전 단계에 또 다시 질산 저함유 수경액에서 재배함으로써 수확 시에는 질산 농도가 일반 수경 재배의 상추에 비해 40% 수준의 함유량 채소를 얻을 수 있다.For example, lettuces of Charles and Multigreen varieties are sown in a low nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution to produce seedlings, then converted to a conventional nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution for cultivation, and then again at the pre-harvest stage. By cultivation at the time of harvest, vegetables with a nitric acid concentration of 40% compared to that of ordinary hydroponic lettuce can be obtained.

본 발명의 저질산 채소의 재배방법은 파종 단계 및 수확 전 재배 기간 동안, 종래의 질산 함유 수경액에서 수경액 내의 질소, 인산, 칼륨의 비율을 변경하여 질산의 중량비가 낮은 수경액을 이용하여 재배함으로써, 생장 저해, 잎 변색 등의 장애도 없이 안정된 품질의 저질산 채소를 재배할 수 있다.The cultivation method of low nitric acid vegetables of the present invention is cultivated using a hydroponic solution having a low weight ratio of nitric acid by changing the ratio of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the hydroponic solution to the conventional nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution during the sowing step and the cultivation period before harvest. By doing so, it is possible to cultivate low nitric acid vegetables of stable quality without any obstacles such as growth inhibition or discoloration of leaves.

이를 위해 본 발명의 저질산 채소의 재배방법에서는 채소 종자를 제1 질산 저함유 수경액에 침종하여 유묘를 생산하는 육묘 단계를 포함한다. 이 후, 침수 후 발아 및 발근을 확인한 후, 제1 질산 저함유 수경액에서 일정 기간 재배하고 일정 수준 식물체가 성장한 후, 질산을 함유한 수경액을 이용하여 재배하게 된다. To this end, the cultivation method of a low nitric acid vegetable of the present invention includes a seedling step of immersing the vegetable seeds in a first low nitric acid hydroponic solution to produce seedlings. Thereafter, after immersion, germination and rooting are checked, cultivated in the first low nitric acid hydroponic solution for a certain period of time, and after the plants grow at a certain level, cultivation is performed using the hydroponic solution containing nitric acid.

예를 들면, 상추의 경우, 제1 질산 저함유 수경액에서의 침종 기간은 2 ~ 3 일간, 질산 함유 수경액 재배 기간은 3 ~ 4 주 정도, 제2 질산 저함유 수경액 재배 기간은 1 ~ 2 주 정도 재배한 후에 수확할 수 있다.For example, in the case of lettuce, the soaking period in the first low nitric acid hydroponic solution is 2 to 3 days, the cultivation period of the nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution is about 3 to 4 weeks, and the second cultivation period of the low nitric acid hydroponic solution is 1 to It can be harvested after 2 weeks of cultivation.

본 발명의 저질산 채소의 재배방법에서, 상기 제1 및 제2 질산 저함유 수경액의 질소, 인산, 및 칼륨의 비중은 인산 1 중량부 대비, 질소 0.2 ~ 0.4 중량부, 및 칼륨 1 ~ 2 중량부이고, 상기 질산 함유 수경액의 질소, 인산, 및 칼륨의 비중은 인산 1 중량부 대비, 질소 2 ~ 4 중량부, 및 칼륨은 1 ~ 2 중량부인 것을 특징으로 한다. 상기 제1 및 제2 질산 저함유 수경액의 질소, 인산, 칼륨의 중량비가 상기 범위이면, 길이, 중량 모두 수확 시에 충분한 크기로 생장하여 안정된 품질의 채소를 공급할 수 있다.In the cultivation method of low nitric acid vegetables of the present invention, the specific gravity of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the first and second low nitric acid low-containing hydroponic solutions is based on 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid, 0.2 to 0.4 parts by weight of nitrogen, and 1 to 2 of potassium It is a part by weight, and the specific gravity of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution is characterized in that relative to 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid, 2 to 4 parts by weight of nitrogen, and 1 to 2 parts by weight of potassium. When the weight ratio of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the first and second low nitric acid aqueous solutions is within the above range, both length and weight can be grown to a sufficient size at the time of harvest, and vegetables of stable quality can be supplied.

질산 저함유 수경액으로 재배하는 기간 동안, 수경액은 식물의 3 요소인 질소, 인산, 및 칼륨을 상기 비율로 포함하지만, 다른 원소, 예를 들면, 마그네슘, 망간, 붕소 등 식물이 요구하는 원소를 더 포함하는 것이 바람직하다. 질소, 인산, 및 칼륨을 제외한 원소들의 농도는 보통의 수경 재배에 사용되는 수경액에 포함된 농도 범위이면 된다.During the cultivation period with a low nitric acid hydroponic solution, the hydroponic solution contains nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium, which are the three elements of plants, in the above ratio, but other elements such as magnesium, manganese, boron, and other elements required by plants It is preferable to further include. The concentration of elements other than nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium may be within the concentration range contained in the hydroponic solution used in normal hydroponic cultivation.

상기 질산 함유 수경액 조성의 예로, 통상적으로 가장 많이 사용하는 하기 [표 1]의 야마자키(Yamazaki solution) 배양액을 들 수 있다. As an example of the composition of the nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution, the Yamazaki solution culture solution of the following [Table 1], which is most commonly used, may be mentioned.

[표 1][Table 1]

Figure 112018051697090-pat00001
Figure 112018051697090-pat00001

상기 [표 1]의 질산 함유 수경액 조성을 기본으로 하여, 상기 제1 및 제2 질산 저함유 수경액의 질소, 인산, 및 칼륨의 비율을 인산 1 중량부 대비, 질소 0.2 ~ 0.4 중량부, 및 칼륨 1 ~ 2 중량부로 조절하여 사용할 수 있으며, 상기 범위 내에서 수경액 조성을 조절하는 것은 당업자에게 널리 공지되어 있다. Based on the composition of the nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution of Table 1, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the first and second low-nitrogen-containing hydroponic solutions is based on 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid, 0.2 to 0.4 parts by weight of nitrogen, and It can be used by adjusting to 1 to 2 parts by weight of potassium, and it is well known to those skilled in the art to adjust the composition of the aqueous solution within the above range.

또한, 본 발명의 저질산 채소를 재배하는 방법에 있어서, 수경액의 전기전도도(EC, Electrical Conductance) 값(dS/m)은 상기 육묘단계에서 사용하는 질산 저함유 수경액에서는 0.2 내지 0.6(dS/m)인 것이 바람직하고, 질산 함유 수경액에서는 1 내지 3(dS/m)인 것이 바람직하며, 수확 전 질산 저함유 수경액에서는 0.8 내지 1.5(dS/m)인 것이 바람직하다. In addition, in the method of cultivating low nitric acid vegetables of the present invention, the electrical conductivity (EC) value (dS/m) of the hydroponic solution is 0.2 to 0.6 (dS) in the low nitric acid aqueous solution used in the seedling step. /m), preferably 1 to 3 (dS/m) in the nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution, and 0.8 to 1.5 (dS/m) in the low nitric acid hydroponic solution before harvesting.

채소의 수경재배에 있어서, 통상 전기 전도도(EC, Electrical Conductance) 값이 1 내지 3(dS/m) 정도에서 재배하는 것이 일반적이지만, 본 발명에서는 육묘단계에서 사용하는 질산 저함유 수경액에서 전기 전도도 값을 낮게 유지하면서 재배하고 어린 채소에 일종의 이온 스트레스를 부여함으로써, 이를 통해 향후 수확 전 질산 저함유 수경액에서 생육하는 기간 동안 질산 부족에 대한 저항성을 미리 부여하게 되며, 상기와 같은 EC 값 조건에서 저질산 채소를 재배하게 되면, 생육 장해 또는 잎의 변색 등이 발생하지 않게 되는 장점이 있다.In hydroponic cultivation of vegetables, it is common to cultivate at an electrical conductivity (EC) value of 1 to 3 (dS/m), but in the present invention, electrical conductivity in the hydroponic solution containing low nitric acid used in the seedling stage By cultivating while keeping the value low and by applying some kind of ionic stress to young vegetables, this gives resistance to nitric acid shortage in advance during the growing period in a low nitric acid aqueous solution before harvesting, and under the above EC value conditions. When cultivating low-nitric acid vegetables, there is an advantage that growth disorders or discoloration of leaves do not occur.

또한, 본 발명의 저질산 채소를 재배하는 방법에 있어서, 수경액의 pH는 질산 함유 재배하는 단계, 및 저질산 채소를 재배하는 단계 동안 pH 5.0 ~ 7.0으로 조정하는 것이 바람직하다. 수경액의 pH 가 약산성이면 모든 비료 염기의 용해성이 좋기 때문에 수경액의 조성이 안정하고 그 결과 수확하는 채소의 품질도 안정적으로 된다.In addition, in the method of cultivating low nitric acid vegetables of the present invention, the pH of the hydroponic solution is preferably adjusted to pH 5.0 to 7.0 during the cultivation step containing nitric acid and the cultivation step of low nitric acid vegetables. If the pH of the hydroponic solution is weakly acidic, the composition of the hydroponic solution is stable because the solubility of all fertilizer bases is good, and as a result, the quality of harvested vegetables is also stable.

또한, 본 발명의 저질산 채소를 재배하는 방법은 전체 재배 기간 동안 연속적으로 수경액의 EC 값과 pH를 모니터함으로써 비료 조건을 관리하고 재배하는 것이 바람직하다. EC 값과 pH를 지속적으로 모니터하면서 수경액의 조건을 일정하게 재배하는 것이 안정된 품질의 저질산 채소를 재배할 수 있다. In addition, in the method of cultivating low nitric acid vegetables of the present invention, it is preferable to manage and cultivate fertilizer conditions by continuously monitoring the EC value and pH of the hydroponic solution during the entire cultivation period. Constant cultivation of hydroponic liquid conditions while continuously monitoring EC values and pH can result in stable quality low-nitrate vegetables.

수경 재배에서는 식물이 수경액 중의 양분을 흡수하기 때문에 수경액의 조성이 시간이 지남에 따라 변화한다. 따라서, 안정된 품질의 채소를 수확하기 위해 수경액을 상시 모니터로 감시하면서 수경 재배를 하고 수경액의 조성이 일정하게 되도록 조정하면서 재배하는 것이 바람직하다.In hydroponic cultivation, since plants absorb nutrients in the hydroponic solution, the composition of the hydroponic solution changes over time. Therefore, in order to harvest vegetables of stable quality, it is preferable to cultivate hydroponic solutions while monitoring the hydroponic solution with a constant monitor and cultivate while adjusting the composition of the hydroponic solution to be constant.

본 발명의 재배방법에서는 순환형 수경 재배 장치의 유로 모니터를 설치하고 수경액의 전해질, pH가 항상 일정한 범위로 유지되도록 수경액을 조정하면서 재배할 수 있다. 이러한 재배방법에 따라 대규모 수경 재배 시스템을 사용하여도 수경액의 상태가 일정하게 유지되어 안정적으로 저칼륨 채소를 생산할 수 있다. 본 발명의 수경 재배는 순환형 수경 재배 장치를 이용할 수 있지만, 재배 조건을 일정하게 유지할 수 있다면 어떤 수경 재배 장치를 이용하여도 좋다.In the cultivation method of the present invention, a flow path monitor of the circulation type hydroponic cultivation apparatus is installed, and the hydroponic solution can be cultivated while adjusting the hydroponic solution so that the electrolyte and pH of the hydroponic solution are always maintained in a certain range. According to this cultivation method, even when a large-scale hydroponic cultivation system is used, the state of the hydroponic solution is kept constant, and low potassium vegetables can be stably produced. Hydroponic cultivation of the present invention may use a circulation type hydroponic cultivation apparatus, but any hydroponic cultivation apparatus may be used as long as the cultivation conditions can be kept constant.

본 발명의 저질산 채소의 재배방법에서, 상기 저질산 채소를 재배하는 단계는 수확 전 1 내지 2주의 기간 동안 질산 저함유 수경액으로 재배하는 것이 바람직하다. 재배하는 채소의 종류에 따라 다르지만, 수확 전 1 내지 2주 기간 전에 재배하여 질산 함유량이 일반 채소에 비해 낮고, 수확 시 무게, 길이 등도 만족스러운 크기의 채소를 안정적으로 생산하는 것이 가능하다.In the method of cultivating low nitric acid vegetables of the present invention, the step of cultivating the low nitric acid vegetables is preferably cultivated with a low nitric acid hydroponic solution for a period of 1 to 2 weeks before harvesting. Although it depends on the type of vegetables to be grown, it is possible to stably produce vegetables of a size that is cultivated 1 to 2 weeks before harvest, so that the nitric acid content is lower than that of ordinary vegetables, and the weight and length are satisfactory at the time of harvest.

본 발명의 다른 양태에 따르면, 본 발명은 저질산 채소의 재배방법에 의해 재배된 저질산 채소를 제공한다.According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a low nitric acid vegetable cultivated by a method of cultivating low nitric acid vegetables.

본 발명의 수경 재배방법에 따라 재배한 저질산 채소는 수확시의 질산륨 함량이 통상적으로 재배되는 채소의 질산 수준과 대비하여 40% 이하인 채소를 안정적으로 생산할 수 있다. Low nitric acid vegetables cultivated according to the hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention can stably produce vegetables having a nitrate content of 40% or less at the time of harvest compared to the nitric acid level of commonly grown vegetables.

따라서, 본 발명의 재배방법에 의해 질산 함유 수준이 낮은 저질산 채소를 안정적으로 생산할 수 있는 바, 질산 섭취의 제한이 필요한 질산염 중독의 우려 없이 안심하고 식생활에 도입할 수 있다.Therefore, by the cultivation method of the present invention, low nitric acid vegetables with a low nitric acid content can be stably produced, and can be safely introduced into diet without fear of nitrate poisoning that requires restriction of nitric acid intake.

이상 설명한 바와 같이, 본 발명의 저질산 채소의 재배방법에 따르면 질산 함유 수준이 낮은 저질산 채소를 안정적으로 생산할 수 있다.As described above, according to the cultivation method of low nitric acid vegetables of the present invention, low nitric acid vegetables having a low nitric acid content level can be stably produced.

또한, 본 발명의 방법에 따른 저질산 채소는 질산염의 과도한 섭취를 예방하여 질산염 중독의 걱정 없이 누구나 안심하고 식생활에 도입할 수 있다.In addition, the low nitrate vegetables according to the method of the present invention prevent excessive intake of nitrate so that anyone can safely introduce it into the diet without worrying about nitrate poisoning.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 재배방법을 나타낸 개략도이다.1 is a schematic diagram showing a cultivation method according to the present invention.

이하, 실시예를 통하여 본 발명을 더욱 상세히 설명하기로 한다. 이들 실시예는 단지 본 발명을 예시하기 위한 것이므로, 본 발명의 범위가 이들 실시예에 의해 제한되는 것으로 해석되지는 않는다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail through examples. Since these examples are for illustrative purposes only, the scope of the present invention is not to be construed as being limited by these examples.

실시예Example 1. One. 저질산Low nitric acid 채소의 재배 Vegetable cultivation

재배는 경북 안동시에 위치한 식물공장(36°37' 29.3"N, 128°38'06.9"E)에서 진행되었다. 실험에서는 상추품종 ‘Charles’, 및 ‘Multi green’ 2 품종을 사용하였다. 정식 후 모든 실험구의 재배환경은 상추의 정상적인 생육조건을 고려해 CO2 600-650ppm, 광도 200mol·m-2·s-1, 상대습도 65%, LED 광원 W:R(9:1), 온도(주간 21℃, 야간 15℃)로 일정하게 관리되었다.Cultivation was carried out at a plant factory located in Andong, Gyeongbuk (36°37'29.3"N,128°38'06.9"E). In the experiment, two varieties of lettuce varieties'Charles'and'Multigreen' were used. After planting, the cultivation environment of all experimental zones is CO 2 600-650ppm, light intensity 200mol·m -2 ·s -1 , relative humidity 65%, LED light source W:R(9:1), temperature( Daytime 21℃, nighttime 15℃).

EC 값 0.4(dS/m) 및 인산 1 중량부와 대비해 질소 및 칼륨의 중량비가 각각 0.3, 및 1.5 중량부로 구성된 제1 저질산 수경액을 이용하여 파종된 상추(Multi Green, Charles 품종) 유묘를 3일 후부터 질산 함유 수경액을 이용하여 21 일간 재배한 후, 질산 저함유 수경액을 이용하여 각각 7일 및 14 일간 재배하였다.Lettuce (Multi Green, Charles variety) seedlings sown using the first low nitric acid hydroponic solution consisting of 0.3 and 1.5 parts by weight of nitrogen and potassium compared to EC value of 0.4 (dS/m) and 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid, respectively. After 3 days, cultivation was performed for 21 days using a nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution, and then cultivated for 7 days and 14 days, respectively, using a low nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution.

상기 질산 함유 수경액의 조성은 인산 1 중량부 대비 질소 및 칼륨의 중량비가 각각 3, 및 1.5이고, EC 값 1.0을 갖는 수경액을 사용하였고, 저질산 채소의 재배단계에서 사용된 제2 질산 저함유 수경액의 조성은 인산 1 중량부와 대비해 각각 질소 0.15, 및 칼륨 1.5 중량비이고, EC 값 1.2(dS/m)인 수경액을 사용하였다. The composition of the nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution was 3 and 1.5 by weight ratio of nitrogen and potassium to 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid, respectively, and a hydroponic solution having an EC value of 1.0 was used, and the second nitric acid low used in the cultivation step of low-nitric acid vegetables. The composition of the hydroponic solution contained was 0.15 nitrogen and 1.5 parts by weight of potassium, respectively, compared to 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid, and a hydroponic solution having an EC value of 1.2 (dS/m) was used.

실시예Example 2. 재배된 채소의 성분분석 2. Analysis of ingredients of grown vegetables

상기와 같이 재배된 저질산 채소의 질산염 농도를 ICP-MS(Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer)를 통해 분석하였다.The nitrate concentration of the low nitric acid vegetables cultivated as described above was analyzed through ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer).

상추의 생육을 비교하기 위해 수확 후 각 처리구별로 전자저울로 지상부와 지하부의 생체중을 측정하였고 노화되어 떨어진 엽을 제외한 엽수를 측정하였다. 질산 및 무기질 함량을 알아보기 위해 유도결합 플라즈마 분석기(ICP, Elan DRC-e, USA)로 측정하였다. 상추 샘플은 수확 후 지하부를 제거한 뒤 동결건조기를 이용하여 건조한 후 분쇄하여 분석 전처리를 위해 질산이온(HNO3 -)을 이용해 산분해하였다. 이후 용해 용액의 무게를 정밀히 측정한 후 무기성분을 측정하였다. 상추의 무기성분은 단위 건물 중량(g) 당 mg으로 표현하였다. 실험구 배치는 난괴법 3 반복으로 하여 상추 생육 및 무기성분분석은 각 처리구별로 3 반복으로 시행되었다. 통계분석은 SPSS 프로그램(SPSS staistic 24, IBM company, USA)을 이용하여 분산분석(ANOVA)을 실시하였고, 평균 간 비교는 덩컨의 다중범위검정을 이용하였다.In order to compare the growth of lettuce, the fresh weight of the above-ground and underground parts was measured for each treatment section after harvesting, and the number of leaves excluding the leaves that had fallen due to aging was measured. In order to determine the content of nitric acid and minerals, it was measured with an inductively coupled plasma analyzer (ICP, Elan DRC-e, USA). Lettuce samples nitrate ions for analysis by pre-dried by using a freeze-dryer after removal of the below-ground after the harvest crushing-acid was digested using the (HNO 3). Thereafter, the weight of the dissolved solution was accurately measured, and then the inorganic components were measured. Inorganic components of lettuce were expressed in mg per unit dry weight (g). The experiment was arranged in 3 replicates of egg mass method, and lettuce growth and inorganic component analysis were performed in 3 replicates for each treatment group. For statistical analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed using the SPSS program (SPSS staistic 24, IBM company, USA), and Duncan's multiple range test was used for comparison between means.

그 결과, 채소에 함유한 질산염의 함량은 질산 저함유 수경액의 처리시기가 길어질수록, 그리고, 배양액의 질산의 농도가 낮아질수록 수확된 채소 잎에 잔존하는 질산염의 농도가 낮아지는 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다.As a result, it was observed that the concentration of nitrate remaining in the harvested vegetable leaves decreases as the treatment period of the low-nitrate aqueous solution increases and the concentration of nitric acid in the culture medium decreases. Could

또한, 수확한 채소의 건 체중 및 엽수의 변화를 측정하였다.In addition, changes in dry weight and number of leaves of harvested vegetables were measured.

그 결과, Multi Green 및 Charles 품종에서 엽수 및 생채소 무게 변화에는 뚜렷한 변화가 없는 것으로 관찰되었다. As a result, it was observed that there was no significant change in the weight of leaves and raw vegetables in the Multi Green and Charles varieties.

상기와 같은 결과를 토대로, 본 발명의 수경 재배방법에 따라 재배한 저질산 채소는 수확시의 질산염 함량이 통상적으로 재배되는 채소의 질산염 수준의 40% 이하인 채소를 안정적으로 생산할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서, 본 발명의 재배방법에 의해 질산염 함유 수준이 낮은 저칼륨 채소를 안정적으로 생산할 수 있는 바, 질산염의 과도한 섭취의 우려가 없는 안전한 채소를 식생활에 도입할 수 있다.Based on the above results, it was confirmed that low-nitrate vegetables grown according to the hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention can stably produce vegetables whose nitrate content at harvest is 40% or less of the nitrate level of commonly grown vegetables. . Accordingly, a low-potassium vegetable having a low nitrate content level can be stably produced by the cultivation method of the present invention, and a safe vegetable can be introduced into the diet without fear of excessive intake of nitrate.

이상으로 본 발명의 특정한 부분을 상세히 기술하였는 바, 당업계의 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 있어서 이러한 구체적인 기술은 단지 바람직한 구현예일 뿐이며, 이에 본 발명의 범위가 제한되는 것이 아닌 점은 명백하다.As described above, specific parts of the present invention have been described in detail, and it is obvious that these specific techniques are only preferred embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the art.

따라서, 본 발명의 실질적인 범위는 첨부된 청구항과 그의 등가물에 의하여 정의된다고 할 것이다.Therefore, it will be said that the substantial scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

채소 종자를 파종하고, 제1 질산 저함유 수경액으로 유묘를 생산하는 육묘 단계;
상기 육묘단계에서 생산된 유묘를 질산 함유 수경액으로 재배하는 단계; 및
상기 질산 함유 수경액으로 재배된 채소를 다시 제2 질산 저함유 수경액으로 재배하여 저질산 채소를 재배하는 단계;를 포함하되,
상기 제1 및 제2 질산 저함유 수경액의 질소, 인산, 및 칼륨의 비중은 인산 1 중량부 대비, 질소 0.2 ~ 0.4 중량부, 및 칼륨 1 ~ 2 중량부이고, 상기 질산 함유 수경액의 질소, 인산, 및 칼륨의 비중은 인산 1 중량부 대비, 질소 2 ~ 4 중량부, 및 칼륨은 1 ~ 2 중량부인 것을 특징으로 하고,
상기 육묘 단계의 제1 질산 저함유 수경액은 0.2 내지 0.6의 전기 전도도(Electrical Conductance) 값(dS/m)을 갖고, 상기 재배단계의 질산 함유 수경액은 1 내지 3(dS/m)의 전기 전도도(Electrical Conductance) 값(dS/m)을 갖으며, 상기 저질산 채소 재배단계의 제2 질산 저함유 수경액은 0.8 내지 1.5의 전기 전도도 값(dS/m)을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하며,
상기 저질산 채소를 재배하는 단계는 수확 전 1 내지 2주의 기간 동안 제2 질산 저함유 수경액으로 재배하는 것을 특징으로 하는,
저질산 채소의 재배방법.A seedling step of sowing vegetable seeds and producing seedlings with a first low nitric acid hydroponic solution;
Cultivating the seedlings produced in the seedling step with a nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution; And
Including, the step of cultivating the vegetables grown with the nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution again with the second low nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution to cultivate the vegetables with low nitric acid;
The specific gravity of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium in the first and second low nitric acid-containing hydroponic solutions is 0.2 to 0.4 parts by weight of nitrogen, and 1 to 2 parts by weight of potassium relative to 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid, and nitrogen in the nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution , Phosphoric acid, and the specific gravity of potassium is characterized in that relative to 1 part by weight of phosphoric acid, 2 to 4 parts by weight of nitrogen, and 1 to 2 parts by weight of potassium,
The first low nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution in the seedling step has an electrical conductivity value (dS/m) of 0.2 to 0.6, and the nitric acid-containing hydroponic solution in the cultivation step is 1 to 3 (dS/m). It has an Electrical Conductance value (dS/m), and the second low nitric acid hydroponic solution of the low nitric acid vegetable cultivation step has an electrical conductivity value (dS/m) of 0.8 to 1.5,
The step of cultivating the low nitric acid vegetable is characterized in that cultivation with a second low nitric acid aqueous solution for a period of 1-2 weeks before harvesting,
How to grow low-nitrate vegetables. 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete
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US20040144025A1 (en) 2001-10-05 2004-07-29 Corinne Johnson Rutzke Alteration of plant nitrate and oxalic acid concentration
JP2011036226A (en) 2009-08-18 2011-02-24 Akita Prefectural Univ Low potassium-containing leaf vegetable and method for cultivating the same
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JP2011036226A (en) 2009-08-18 2011-02-24 Akita Prefectural Univ Low potassium-containing leaf vegetable and method for cultivating the same
JP2012183062A (en) * 2011-02-16 2012-09-27 Akita Prefectural Univ Fertilizer for hydroponics of low potassium vegetable and hydroponics method of low potassium vegetable using the fertilizer
WO2014054821A1 (en) * 2012-11-09 2014-04-10 会津富士加工株式会社 Vegetable having low potassium content, and method for culturing said vegetable
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