JP2017510722A - 多孔性支持体、その製造方法及びそれを含む強化膜 - Google Patents
多孔性支持体、その製造方法及びそれを含む強化膜 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017510722A JP2017510722A JP2016554217A JP2016554217A JP2017510722A JP 2017510722 A JP2017510722 A JP 2017510722A JP 2016554217 A JP2016554217 A JP 2016554217A JP 2016554217 A JP2016554217 A JP 2016554217A JP 2017510722 A JP2017510722 A JP 2017510722A
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- nanoweb
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- polyimide
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonic acid group Chemical group P(O)(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001637 plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
- D04H1/43838—Ultrafine fibres, e.g. microfibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D1/00—Treatment of filament-forming or like material
- D01D1/02—Preparation of spinning solutions
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- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
- D01D10/06—Washing or drying
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
- D01D5/003—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
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- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
- D01F6/74—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polycondensates of cyclic compounds, e.g. polyimides, polybenzimidazoles
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- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
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- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
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- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
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Abstract
Description
多孔度(%)=(ナノウェブ内の空気の体積/多孔性支持体の全体積)×100
電解質吸収容量(%)=(W1−W)/W×100
水分率(重量%)=(O−D)/D×100
(O:試片の重量、D:乾燥された試片の重量)
寸法安定性=[(膨潤後の長さ−膨潤前の長さ)/膨潤前の長さ]×100
(実施例1−1)
PMDA及びODAとPDAの単量体100重量部及びアナターゼ型ナノTiO2である親水化添加剤5重量部をジメチルホルムアミド溶液に溶解させ、固形分12.5重量%、620poiseである紡糸溶液5Lを製造した。製造された紡糸溶液を溶液タンクに移送した後、これを、定量ギヤポンプを通して、ノズルが26個で構成され、高電圧が49kVで印加された紡糸チャンバーに供給して紡糸することで、ポリアミック酸ナノウェブを製造した。このとき、溶液供給量は1.0ml/minであった。また、それぞれカチオンブロワーとアニオンブロワーを紡糸チャンバーとコレクタ基材に設置して、紡糸環境はカチオン密度を高め、コレクタ基材はアニオン密度を高めた。
親水化添加剤として、アナターゼ型ナノTiO2を0.1重量部使用した以外は、前記実施例1−1と同様の方法で多孔性支持体を製造した。
親水化添加剤として、アナターゼ型ナノTiO2を20重量部使用した以外は、前記実施例1−1と同様の方法で多孔性支持体を製造した。
PMDA及びODAとPDAの単量体100重量部をジメチルホルムアミド溶液に溶解させ、固形分12.5重量%、620poiseである紡糸溶液5Lを製造した。製造された紡糸溶液を溶液タンクに移送した後、これを、定量ギヤポンプを通して、ノズルが26個で構成され、高電圧が49kVで印加された紡糸チャンバーに供給して紡糸することで、ポリアミック酸ナノウェブを製造した。このとき、溶液供給量は1.0ml/minであった。次いで、前記ポリアミック酸ナノウェブを420℃の温度に維持された連続硬化炉で10分間熱硬化を実施して、ポリイミドナノウェブで構成された多孔性支持体を製造した。
前記実施例及び比較例で製造された多孔性支持体の飽和含湿到達時間、水分率、濡れ性、接触角を測定し、その結果を下記の表1に整理した。
(実施例2−1)
PMDA及びODAとPDA単量体をジメチルホルムアミド溶液に溶解させ、固形分12.5重量%、620poiseである紡糸溶液5Lを製造した。製造された紡糸溶液を溶液タンクに移送した後、これを、定量ギヤポンプを通して、ノズルが26個で構成され、高電圧が49kVで印加された紡糸チャンバーに供給して紡糸することで、ポリアミック酸ナノウェブを製造した。このとき、溶液供給量は1.0ml/minであった。
前記実施例2−1において、前記親水化添加剤溶液を前記ナノウェブの両面の表面にスプレーを用いてコーティングした後、乾燥する作業を繰り返した以外は、実施例2−1と同様に行って多孔性支持体を製造した。
PMDA及びODAとPDA単量体をジメチルホルムアミド溶液に溶解させ、固形分12.5重量%、620poiseである紡糸溶液5Lを製造した。製造された紡糸溶液を溶液タンクに移送した後、これを、定量ギヤポンプを通して、ノズルが26個で構成され、高電圧が49kVで印加された紡糸チャンバーに供給して紡糸することで、ポリアミック酸ナノウェブを製造した。このとき、溶液供給量は1.0ml/minであった。
PMDA及びODAとPDAの単量体をジメチルホルムアミド溶液に溶解させ、固形分12.5重量%、620poiseである紡糸溶液5Lを製造した。製造された紡糸溶液を溶液タンクに移送した後、これを、定量ギヤポンプを通して、ノズルが26個で構成され、高電圧が49kVで印加された紡糸チャンバーに供給して紡糸することで、ポリアミック酸ナノウェブを製造した。このとき、溶液供給量は1.0ml/minであった。
前記実施例及び比較例で製造された多孔性支持体の飽和含湿到達時間、水分率、濡れ性、接触角を測定し、その結果を下記の表2に整理した。
(実施例3−1)
PMDA、ODAとPDA、及びヒドロキシ基を含むジフェニル尿素単量体を50:45:5の重量比でジメチルホルムアミド溶液に溶解させ、固形分12.5重量%、620poiseである紡糸溶液5Lを製造した。
PMDA及びODAとPDA単量体をジメチルホルムアミド溶液に溶解させ、固形分12.5重量%、620poiseである紡糸溶液5Lを製造した。製造された紡糸溶液を溶液タンクに移送した後、これを、定量ギヤポンプを通して、ノズルが26個で構成され、高電圧が49kVで印加された紡糸チャンバーに供給して紡糸することで、ポリアミック酸ナノウェブを製造した。このとき、溶液供給量は1.0ml/minであった。
PMDA及びODAとPDAの単量体をジメチルホルムアミド溶液に溶解させ、固形分12.5重量%、620poiseである紡糸溶液5Lを製造した。製造された紡糸溶液を溶液タンクに移送した後、これを、定量ギヤポンプを通して、ノズルが26個で構成され、高電圧が49kVで印加された紡糸チャンバーに供給して紡糸することで、ポリアミック酸ナノウェブを製造した。このとき、溶液供給量は1.0ml/minであった。
前記実施例及び比較例で製造された多孔性支持体の飽和含湿到達時間、水分率、濡れ性、接触角を測定し、その結果を下記の表3に整理した。
ペトリ皿に、前記製造例1〜3で製造された多孔性支持体と共に、5重量%のナフィオン溶液をウェブの単位面積(cm2)当たり0.06gのナフィオンが含浸され得るように入れ、オーブンを使用して60℃で4時間以上乾燥して、強化膜を製造した。
前記製造例4で製造された強化膜を、それぞれ親水性基が十分に活性化されるように1モルの硫酸溶液に3時間の間浸漬させた後、超純水できれいに表面を洗浄して伝導度測定サンプルを準備した後、抵抗測定装置を用いて90%加湿、4電極法により25℃及び80℃でイオン伝導度をそれぞれ測定した。
Claims (29)
- ナノ繊維が多数の気孔を有する不織布の形態で集積されてなるナノウェブを含み、
前記ナノウェブの飽和含湿到達時間が1秒〜600秒である、多孔性支持体。 - 前記ナノウェブは、水分率が3.0重量%以上である、請求項1に記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記ナノウェブは、ウィッキングテスト(wicking test)による濡れ性が2〜15cmである、請求項1に記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記ナノウェブは、接触角(contact angle)が90°以下である、請求項1に記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記ナノ繊維は、前記ナノ繊維高分子100重量部に対して親水化添加剤を0.1〜20重量部含む、請求項1に記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記ナノウェブの気孔の内部に親水化添加剤が含浸された、請求項1に記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記ナノウェブの片面又は両面の表面に親水化添加剤がコーティングされた、請求項1に記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記親水化添加剤は、アナターゼ型二酸化チタン(TiO2 anatase)、ルチル型二酸化チタン(TiO2 rutile)、ブルッカイト型二酸化チタン(TiO2 brookite)、二酸化スズ(SnO)、二酸化ジルコニウム(ZrO2)、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)、酸化単一壁炭素ナノチューブ、酸化多重壁炭素ナノチューブ、酸化グラファイト、酸化グラフェン及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるいずれか1つである、請求項5乃至7のいずれかに記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記親水化添加剤は、ポリヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート、ポリビニルアセテート、ポリウレタン、ポリジメチルシロキサン、ポリイミド、ポリアミド、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリメチルメタクリレート、エポキシ及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるいずれか1つである、請求項5乃至7のいずれかに記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記親水化添加剤は、平均粒径が0.005〜1μmのナノ親水化添加剤である、請求項5乃至7のいずれかに記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記ナノ繊維はポリイミドナノ繊維である、請求項1に記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記ポリイミドの主鎖は、アミン基、カルボキシル基、ヒドロキシ基及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるいずれか1つの置換基を含む、請求項11に記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記ポリイミドは、ジアミン(diamine)、ジアンヒドリド(dianhydride)、及びヒドロキシ基を含む共単量体(comonomer)を重合させて製造されたポリアミック酸をイミド化させて製造されたものである、請求項12に記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記ヒドロキシ基を含む共単量体は、ヒドロキシ基を含むジアニリン、ヒドロキシ基を含むジフェニル尿素、ヒドロキシ基を含むジアミン、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるいずれか1つである、請求項13に記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記ナノウェブは、片面又は両面の表面がプラズマ処理されたものである、請求項1に記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記ナノウェブの片面又は両面の表面に無機物が蒸着された、請求項1に記載の多孔性支持体。
- 前記無機物は、アナターゼ型二酸化チタン(TiO2 anatase)、ルチル型二酸化チタン(TiO2 rutile)、ブルッカイト型二酸化チタン(TiO2 brookite)、二酸化スズ(SnO)、二酸化ジルコニウム(ZrO2)、酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)、酸化単一壁炭素ナノチューブ、酸化多重壁炭素ナノチューブ、酸化グラファイト、酸化グラフェン、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるいずれか1つである、請求項16に記載の多孔性支持体。
- ジアミン及びジアンヒドリドを溶媒に添加して電界紡糸溶液を製造するステップと、
前記製造された電界紡糸溶液を電界紡糸して、ナノ繊維が多数の気孔を有する不織布の形態で集積されたポリアミック酸ナノウェブを製造するステップと、
前記ポリアミック酸ナノウェブをイミド化させてポリイミドナノウェブを製造するステップとを含み、
前記ポリイミドナノウェブの飽和含湿到達時間は1秒〜600秒である、多孔性支持体の製造方法。 - 前記電界紡糸溶液に、ヒドロキシ基を含む共単量体をさらに添加する、請求項18に記載の多孔性支持体の製造方法。
- 前記ポリイミドナノウェブが含む前記ナノ繊維の主鎖は、アミン基、カルボキシル基、ヒドロキシ基、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるいずれか1つの置換基で置換されたものである、請求項18に記載の多孔性支持体の製造方法。
- 電界紡糸溶液を電界紡糸して、ナノ繊維が多数の気孔を有する不織布の形態で集積されたナノウェブを製造するステップを含み、
前記ナノウェブの飽和含湿到達時間は1秒〜600秒である、多孔性支持体の製造方法。 - 前記電界紡糸溶液に親水化添加剤をさらに添加する、請求項21に記載の多孔性支持体の製造方法。
- 前記ナノウェブの気孔の内部に親水化添加剤を含浸させるステップをさらに含む、請求項21に記載の多孔性支持体の製造方法。
- 前記ナノウェブの片面又は両面の表面に親水化添加剤をコーティングするステップをさらに含む、請求項21に記載の多孔性支持体の製造方法。
- 前記ナノウェブの片面又は両面をプラズマ処理するステップをさらに含む、請求項21に記載の多孔性支持体の製造方法。
- 前記プラズマ処理は、低温プラズマ又はRF(radio frequency)プラズマを使用して、前記ナノウェブの片面又は両面に親水性基を付与できる気体で処理するものである、請求項25に記載の多孔性支持体の製造方法。
- 前記ナノウェブの片面又は両面の表面に無機物を蒸着させるステップをさらに含む、請求項21に記載の多孔性支持体の製造方法。
- 前記無機物を蒸着させる方法はスパッタリングである、請求項27に記載の多孔性支持体の製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載の多孔性支持体と、
前記多孔性支持体の気孔を充填しているイオン交換ポリマーとを含む、強化膜。
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