JP2017227931A - Liquid crystal device, method for manufacturing liquid crystal device, and electronic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid crystal device which has high reliability, a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal device, and an electronic apparatus.SOLUTION: A liquid crystal device includes: seal material 14 for adhering an element substrate to an opposing substrate; sealing material 17 for sealing an opening region 14a in which the seal material 14 is opened; a liquid crystal layer interposed between the element substrate and the opposing substrate; a first inorganic alignment film 28 disposed between the element substrate and the liquid crystal layer; and a second inorganic alignment film disposed between the opposing substrate and the liquid crystal layer. At least the first inorganic alignment film 28 is disposed so as to be extended to a region overlapped with the sealing material 17 in plan view.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquid crystal device, a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device, and an electronic apparatus.

  As one of the liquid crystal devices, for example, an active drive type liquid crystal device including a transistor for each pixel as an element for switching control of a pixel electrode is known. Liquid crystal devices are used in, for example, direct-view displays and projector light valves.

  In a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, an inorganic alignment film is formed on a substrate from an effective display region in a plan view to a region between the effective display region and the sealing material. Next, a sealing material is formed so as to surround the effective display area on the substrate. Thereafter, a pair of substrates are bonded together, and liquid crystal is injected into the region surrounded by the sealing material through the injection port. After the injection, the injection port is sealed with a sealing material.

JP-A-2005-107408

  However, an inorganic alignment film is formed in a region inside the sealing material, and the contact surface between the sealing material and the sealing material and the substrate is relatively flat. There is a problem that may be peeled off.

  An aspect of the present invention has been made to solve at least a part of the above problems, and can be realized as the following forms or application examples.

  Application Example 1 A liquid crystal device according to this application example includes a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, and a seal disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. A material, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, a sealing material for sealing the liquid crystal layer in an opening region of the sealing material, the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer And a second inorganic alignment film disposed between the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer, wherein the first inorganic alignment film includes the second inorganic alignment film. When viewed from the substrate side, the sealing material is disposed in a region overlapping with at least a part of the region in which the sealing material is disposed.

  According to this application example, the first inorganic alignment film is extended and provided under the sealing material (a region overlapping in plan view), so that the columnar structures (columns) constituting the first inorganic alignment film Following the unevenness, the first substrate can be made uneven. Therefore, when the sealing material is provided in the opening region on the first substrate, the contact area with the sealing material can be increased by the unevenness on the first substrate, and the sealing material is prevented from peeling off from the first substrate. be able to.

  Application Example 2 In the liquid crystal device according to the application example, the first inorganic alignment film is disposed so as to include a region where the sealing material is disposed when viewed from the second substrate side. Preferably it is.

  According to this application example, since the first inorganic alignment film is provided under the sealing material, on the first substrate following the unevenness of the columnar structure (column) constituting the first inorganic alignment film. It becomes possible to make it uneven. Therefore, when the sealing material is provided in the opening region on the first substrate, the contact area with the sealing material can be increased from the first application example due to the unevenness on the first substrate. Can be prevented from peeling off.

  Application Example 3 In the liquid crystal device according to the application example described above, the first inorganic alignment film is disposed so as to overlap at least a part of a region where the sealing material is disposed when viewed from the second substrate side. It is preferable that

  According to this application example, since the first inorganic alignment film is provided under the sealing material, the unevenness on the first substrate follows the unevenness of the columnar structure (column) constituting the first inorganic alignment film. It becomes possible to. Therefore, when the sealing material is provided in the sealing material forming region on the first substrate, the contact area with the sealing material can be increased due to the unevenness on the first substrate, and the sealing material is prevented from peeling off from the first substrate. Can do.

  Application Example 4 In the liquid crystal device according to the application example, it is preferable that a surface layer is disposed between the first inorganic alignment film and the sealing material.

  According to this application example, since the surface layer is provided between the sealing material and the first inorganic alignment film, the surface layer surface follows the unevenness of the columnar structure constituting the first inorganic alignment film. Can be made uneven. Therefore, when the sealing material is provided in the opening region on the surface layer, the contact area with the sealing material can be increased by the unevenness of the surface of the surface layer, and the sealing material can be prevented from peeling off from the surface layer. it can. In addition, since the surface layer is provided, light resistance can be improved, and the liquid crystal device can be irradiated with strong light.

  Application Example 5 In the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to this application example, an inorganic alignment film forming step of forming a first inorganic alignment film on a first substrate, and a sealing material is formed on the first substrate. From the sealing material forming step, the bonding step of bonding the first substrate and the second substrate on which the second inorganic alignment film is formed via the sealing material, and the first region from the opening region of the sealing material. An injection step of injecting liquid crystal between the substrate and the second substrate; and a sealing material forming step of forming a sealing material for sealing the liquid crystal in the opening region, the first inorganic alignment film Is arranged in a region overlapping with at least a part of a region where the sealing material is arranged when viewed from the second substrate side.

  According to this application example, since the first inorganic alignment film is formed under the sealing material, the first substrate is made uneven according to the unevenness of the columnar structure (column) constituting the first inorganic alignment film. It becomes possible to do. Therefore, when the sealing material is formed in the opening region on the first substrate, the contact area with the sealing material can be increased due to the unevenness on the first substrate, and the sealing material is prevented from peeling off from the first substrate. be able to.

  Application Example 6 In the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to the application example described above, it is preferable to include a surface treatment process for performing a surface treatment on the surface of the first inorganic alignment film.

  According to this application example, since the surface treatment is performed on the first inorganic alignment film, the surface of the surface layer subjected to the surface treatment is made uneven according to the unevenness of the columnar structure constituting the first inorganic alignment film. It becomes possible. Therefore, when the sealing material is provided in the opening region on the surface layer, the contact area with the sealing material can be increased by the unevenness of the surface of the surface layer, and the sealing material can be prevented from peeling off from the surface layer. it can. In addition, since the surface layer is provided, light resistance can be improved, and the liquid crystal device can be irradiated with strong light.

  Application Example 7 An electronic apparatus according to this application example includes the liquid crystal device described above.

  According to this application example, since the above-described liquid crystal device is provided, a highly reliable electronic device can be provided.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view illustrating a configuration of a liquid crystal device. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line H-H ′ of the liquid crystal device illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram illustrating an electrical configuration of the liquid crystal device. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a liquid crystal device. The schematic top view which mainly shows the structure of an inorganic alignment film and a sealing material (sealing material) among liquid crystal devices. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A ′ of the liquid crystal device illustrated in FIG. 5. 5 is a flowchart showing a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device in the order of steps. The schematic diagram which shows a one part manufacturing method among the manufacturing methods of a liquid crystal device. Schematic which shows the structure of the projection type display apparatus provided with the liquid crystal device. FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view illustrating a configuration of a liquid crystal device according to a modification.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the drawings to be used are appropriately enlarged or reduced so that the part to be described can be recognized.

  In the following embodiments, for example, when “on the substrate” is described, the substrate is disposed so as to be in contact with the substrate, or is disposed on the substrate via another component, or the substrate. It is assumed that a part is arranged so as to be in contact with each other and a part is arranged via another component.

  In this embodiment, an active matrix liquid crystal device including a thin film transistor (TFT) as a pixel switching element will be described as an example of the liquid crystal device. This liquid crystal device can be suitably used, for example, as a light modulation element (liquid crystal light valve) of a projection display device (liquid crystal projector).

<Configuration of liquid crystal device>
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing the configuration of the liquid crystal device. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line HH ′ of the liquid crystal device shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing an electrical configuration of the liquid crystal device. Hereinafter, the configuration of the liquid crystal device will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the liquid crystal device 100 according to the present embodiment is sandwiched between the element substrate 10 (first substrate) and the counter substrate 20 (second substrate) arranged opposite to each other and the pair of substrates. And a liquid crystal layer 15. As the first base material 10a constituting the element substrate 10 and the second base material 20a constituting the counter substrate 20, for example, a transparent substrate such as a glass substrate or a quartz substrate is used.

  The element substrate 10 is larger than the counter substrate 20, and both the substrates are bonded via a sealing material 14 disposed along the outer periphery of the counter substrate 20. In the element substrate 10, liquid crystal having positive or negative dielectric anisotropy is sealed between the opposing substrates 20 inside the sealing material 14 provided in an annular shape in plan view, thereby forming a liquid crystal layer 15. For the sealing material 14, for example, an adhesive such as a thermosetting or ultraviolet curable epoxy resin is employed. Spacers (not shown) are mixed in the sealing material 14 to keep the distance between the pair of substrates constant.

  A display area E in which a plurality of pixels P are arranged is provided inside the inner edge of the sealing material 14. The display area E may include dummy pixels arranged so as to surround the plurality of pixels P in addition to the plurality of pixels P contributing to display. Although not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a light shielding film (black matrix; BM) for planarly dividing the plurality of pixels P in the display area E is provided on the counter substrate 20.

  A data line driving circuit 22 is provided between the sealing material 14 along one side of the element substrate 10 and the one side. Further, an inspection circuit 25 is provided between the sealing material 14 and the display area E along the other one side facing the one side. Further, a scanning line driving circuit 24 is provided between the sealing material 14 and the display area E along the other two sides that are orthogonal to the one side and face each other. A plurality of wirings 29 connecting the two scanning line driving circuits 24 are provided between the sealing material 14 and the inspection circuit 25 along the other one side facing the one side.

  A light shielding film 18 (parting portion) is provided between the sealing material 14 arranged in an annular shape on the counter substrate 20 and the display region E. The light shielding film 18 is made of, for example, a light shielding metal or metal oxide, and the inside of the light shielding film 18 is a display area E having a plurality of pixels P. Although not shown in FIG. 1, a light shielding film that divides a plurality of pixels P in a plane is also provided in the display area E.

  Wirings connected to the data line driving circuit 22 and the scanning line driving circuit 24 are connected to a plurality of external connection terminals 61 arranged along the one side. Hereinafter, the direction along the one side will be referred to as the X direction, and the direction along the other two sides orthogonal to the one side and facing each other will be described as the Y direction.

  As shown in FIG. 2, on the surface of the first base material 10a on the liquid crystal layer 15 side, a transparent pixel electrode 27 provided for each pixel P and a thin film transistor (TFT: Thin Film Transistor, which is a switching element) are provided. Hereinafter, “TFT 30”), a signal wiring, and a first inorganic alignment film 28 covering these are formed.

  In addition, a light shielding structure is employed that prevents light from entering the semiconductor layer in the TFT 30 to make the switching operation unstable. The element substrate 10 in the present invention includes at least the pixel electrode 27, the TFT 30, and the first inorganic alignment film 28.

  On the surface of the counter substrate 20 on the liquid crystal layer 15 side, a light shielding film 18, a planarizing layer 33 formed so as to cover the light shielding film 18, a counter electrode 31 provided so as to cover the planarizing layer 33, A second inorganic alignment film 32 covering the electrode 31 is provided. The counter substrate 20 in the present invention includes at least the counter electrode 31 and the second inorganic alignment film 32.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the light shielding film 18 surrounds the display area E and is provided at a position where the scanning line driving circuit 24 and the inspection circuit 25 overlap in a plan view (illustration is simplified). Thus, the light incident on the peripheral circuit including these drive circuits from the counter substrate 20 side is shielded, and the peripheral circuit is prevented from malfunctioning due to the light. Further, unnecessary stray light is shielded from entering the display area E, and high contrast in the display of the display area E is ensured.

  The planarizing layer 33 is made of an inorganic material such as silicon oxide, for example, and is provided so as to cover the light shielding film 18 with optical transparency. As a method for forming such a planarization layer 33, for example, a method of forming a film by using a plasma CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method or the like can be cited.

  The counter electrode 31 is made of a transparent conductive film such as ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), for example, covers the planarization layer 33, and includes an element substrate by vertical conduction portions 26 provided at the four corners of the counter substrate 20 as shown in FIG. It is electrically connected to the wiring on the 10 side.

  The first inorganic alignment film 28 that covers the pixel electrode 27 and the second inorganic alignment film 32 that covers the counter electrode 31 are selected based on the optical design of the liquid crystal device 100. For example, an inorganic alignment film formed by depositing an inorganic material such as SiOx (silicon oxide) using a vapor deposition method and substantially vertically aligning with liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric anisotropy can be given.

  Such a liquid crystal device 100 is of a transmissive type, and the transmittance of the pixel P when no voltage is applied is larger than the transmittance when the voltage is applied, resulting in a normally white display, or when no voltage is applied. A normally black mode optical design is adopted in which the transmittance of the pixel P is smaller than the transmittance when a voltage is applied and dark display is achieved. Polarizing elements are arranged and used according to the optical design on the light incident side and the light exit side, respectively.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the liquid crystal device 100 includes a plurality of scanning lines 3 a and a plurality of data lines 6 a that are insulated from each other and orthogonal to each other at least in the display region E, and capacitance lines 3 b. The direction in which the scanning line 3a extends is the X direction, and the direction in which the data line 6a extends is the Y direction.

  A pixel electrode 27, a TFT 30, and a capacitive element 16 are provided in a region divided by the scanning line 3a, the data line 6a, the capacitive line 3b, and these signal lines, and these constitute a pixel circuit of the pixel P. doing.

  The scanning line 3 a is electrically connected to the gate of the TFT 30, and the data line 6 a is electrically connected to the data line side source / drain region (source region) of the TFT 30. The pixel electrode 27 is electrically connected to the pixel electrode side source / drain region (drain region) of the TFT 30.

  The data line 6a is connected to the data line driving circuit 22 (see FIG. 1), and supplies image signals D1, D2,..., Dn supplied from the data line driving circuit 22 to the pixels P. The scanning line 3a is connected to the scanning line driving circuit 24 (see FIG. 1), and supplies the scanning signals SC1, SC2,..., SCm supplied from the scanning line driving circuit 24 to each pixel P.

  The image signals D1 to Dn supplied from the data line driving circuit 22 to the data lines 6a may be supplied line-sequentially in this order, or may be supplied for each of a plurality of adjacent data lines 6a for each group. Good. The scanning line driving circuit 24 supplies the scanning signals SC1 to SCm to the scanning line 3a at a predetermined timing.

  In the liquid crystal device 100, the TFT 30 as a switching element is turned on for a certain period by the input of the scanning signals SC1 to SCm, so that the image signals D1 to Dn supplied from the data line 6a are supplied to the pixel electrode 27 at a predetermined timing. It is the structure written in. The predetermined level of the image signals D1 to Dn written to the liquid crystal layer 15 through the pixel electrode 27 is held for a certain period between the pixel electrode 27 and the counter electrode 31 disposed to face the liquid crystal layer 15. The

  In order to prevent the held image signals D1 to Dn from leaking, the capacitive element 16 is connected in parallel with the liquid crystal capacitance formed between the pixel electrode 27 and the counter electrode 31. The capacitive element 16 is provided between the pixel electrode side source / drain region of the TFT 30 and the capacitive line 3b. The capacitive element 16 has a dielectric layer between two capacitive electrodes.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of the liquid crystal device. Hereinafter, the structure of the liquid crystal device will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 shows the cross-sectional positional relationship of each component and is expressed on a scale that can be clearly shown.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the liquid crystal device 100 includes an element substrate 10 that is one of a pair of substrates, and a counter substrate 20 that is the other substrate disposed to face the element substrate 10. As described above, the first base material 10a configuring the element substrate 10 and the second base material 20a configuring the counter substrate 20 are configured by, for example, a quartz substrate or the like.

  A lower light-shielding film 3c made of titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), or the like is formed on the first base material 10a. The lower light-shielding film 3c is planarly patterned in a lattice shape and defines an opening area of each pixel. The lower light shielding film 3c may function as a part of the scanning line 3a. A base insulating layer 11a made of a silicon oxide film or the like is formed on the first base material 10a and the lower light shielding film 3c.

  On the base insulating layer 11a, the TFT 30, the scanning line 3a, and the like are formed. The TFT 30 has, for example, an LDD (Lightly Doped Drain) structure, and is formed on the semiconductor layer 30a made of polysilicon, the gate insulating film 11g formed on the semiconductor layer 30a, and the gate insulating film 11g. And a gate electrode 30g made of a polysilicon film or the like. As described above, the scanning line 3a also functions as the gate electrode 30g.

  The semiconductor layer 30a is formed as an N-type TFT 30 by implanting N-type impurity ions such as phosphorus (P) ions. Specifically, the semiconductor layer 30a includes a channel region 30c, a data line side LDD region 30s1, a data line side source / drain region 30s, a pixel electrode side LDD region 30d1, and a pixel electrode side source / drain region 30d. ing.

  The channel region 30c is doped with P-type impurity ions such as boron (B) ions. The other regions (30s1, 30s, 30d1, 30d) are doped with N-type impurity ions such as phosphorus (P) ions. Thus, the TFT 30 is formed as an N-type TFT.

  A first interlayer insulating layer 11b made of a silicon oxide film or the like is formed on the gate electrode 30g, the base insulating layer 11a, and the scanning line 3a. A capacitive element 16 is provided on the first interlayer insulating layer 11b. Specifically, the first capacitor electrode 16a as the pixel potential side capacitor electrode electrically connected to the pixel electrode side source / drain region 30d and the pixel electrode 27 of the TFT 30, and the capacitor line 3b (as the fixed potential side capacitor electrode). A part of the second capacitor electrode 16b) is disposed to face the dielectric film 16c, whereby the capacitor element 16 is formed.

  The capacitor line 3b (second capacitor electrode 16b) includes at least one of refractory metals such as Ti (titanium), Cr (chromium), W (tungsten), Ta (tantalum), and Mo (molybdenum). , Metal simple substance, alloy, metal silicide, polysilicide, and a laminate of these. Alternatively, it can be formed from an Al (aluminum) film.

  The first capacitor electrode 16 a is made of, for example, a conductive polysilicon film and functions as a pixel potential side capacitor electrode of the capacitor element 16. However, the first capacitor electrode 16a may be composed of a single layer film or a multilayer film containing a metal or an alloy, like the capacitor line 3b. The first capacitor electrode 16a functions as a pixel potential side capacitor electrode, and in addition to the pixel electrode 27 and the pixel electrode side source / drain region 30d (drain) via the contact hole CNT52, the relay layer 55, and the contact holes CNT53 and CNT51. A region).

  A data line 6a is formed on the capacitive element 16 via the second interlayer insulating layer 11c. The data line 6a is electrically connected to the data line side source / drain region 30s (source region) of the semiconductor layer 30a through the contact hole CNT54 formed in the first interlayer insulating layer 11b and the second interlayer insulating layer 11c. Has been.

  A pixel electrode 27 is formed on the data line 6a via a third interlayer insulating layer 11d. The pixel electrode 27 is connected to the first capacitor electrode 16a via the contact holes CNT52, CNT53, and the relay layer 55 that are opened in the second interlayer insulating layer 11c and the third interlayer insulating layer 11d, whereby the semiconductor layer 30a. The pixel electrode side source / drain region 30d (drain region) is electrically connected. The pixel electrode 27 is formed of a transparent conductive film such as an ITO film, for example.

On the pixel electrode 27 and the third interlayer insulating layer 11d, a first inorganic alignment film 28 obtained by obliquely depositing an inorganic material such as silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ) is provided. On the first inorganic alignment film 28, a liquid crystal layer 15 in which liquid crystal or the like is sealed in a space surrounded by the sealing material 14 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) is provided.

On the other hand, the counter electrode 31 is provided on the entire surface of the second base material 20a. On the counter electrode 31 (on the lower side in FIG. 4), a second inorganic alignment film 32 is provided by obliquely depositing an inorganic material such as silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ). The counter electrode 31 is made of a transparent conductive film such as an ITO film, for example, like the pixel electrode 27 described above.

  The liquid crystal layer 15 takes a predetermined alignment state by the inorganic alignment films 28 and 32 in a state where no electric field is generated between the pixel electrode 27 and the counter electrode 31. The sealing material 14 is an adhesive made of, for example, a photocurable resin or a thermosetting resin, for bonding the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20 around them, and a distance between the two substrates is set to a predetermined value. Spacers such as glass fiber or glass beads are mixed.

<Configuration of inorganic alignment film>
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view mainly showing the configuration of the inorganic alignment film, the sealing material, and the sealing material in the liquid crystal device. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of the liquid crystal device shown in FIG. Hereinafter, a region where the inorganic alignment film, the sealing material, and the sealing material overlap in a planar manner in the liquid crystal device will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. The description from the first base material 10a to the third interlayer insulating layer 11d will be referred to as the first base material 10a.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the pixel electrode 27 is provided on the first base material 10a constituting the element substrate 10 of the liquid crystal device 100 (illustrated in a simplified manner in FIG. 6). As described above, the first inorganic alignment film 28 obtained by obliquely depositing an inorganic material such as silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ) is provided on the first base material 10a on which the pixel electrode 27 is provided.

  More specifically, the outer edge of the first inorganic alignment film 28 is provided so as to extend to a region overlapping at least a part of the sealing material 14 and a region overlapping the opening region 14a where the sealing material 14 opens in a plan view. ing. The first inorganic alignment film 28 has a columnar structure 28a (column).

  The amount of the first inorganic alignment film 28 and the sealing material 14 overlapping in plan view is about 1/3 to 1/2 of the width of the sealing material 14. Thus, by providing the first inorganic alignment film 28 so as to overlap a part of the sealing material 14, the adhesion between the element substrate 10 (first inorganic alignment film 28) and the sealing material 14 can be improved. . The thickness of the first inorganic alignment film 28 is, for example, 750 mm.

  The plurality of columnar structures 28a are inclined with respect to the first base material 10a, and a pretilt angle is given to the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 15 by the inclination angle. Here, the pretilt angle refers to an angle formed by a direction perpendicular to the surface of the first base material 10a and a major axis direction of liquid crystal molecules. The sealing material 17 is used for sealing the liquid crystal layer 15 in the opening region of the sealing material 14.

  As shown in FIG. 6, a surface layer 41 subjected to a surface treatment is provided on the surface of the first inorganic alignment film 28. The thickness of the surface layer 41 is, for example, 2 nm to 20 nm. The surface layer 41 has an alkyl group 41a. Here, the alkyl group 41a refers to an alkyl group having an organic functional group.

When the organic functional group is alkyl (C _n H _{2n + 1} ), the molecular weight increases as the carbon number increases, resulting in a long chain. Also, the smaller the carbon number, the smaller the molecular weight and the shorter the chain. The long-chain organic functional group means an organic functional group having 8 or more carbon atoms (n ≧ 8). The short-chain organic functional group means an organic functional group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms (n ≦ 2).

  On the other hand, a counter electrode 31 is provided on the second base material 20a constituting the counter substrate 20 (the surface of the second base material 20a on the liquid crystal layer 15 side). Similar to the element substrate 10 side, a second inorganic alignment film 32 having a columnar structure 32 a and a surface layer 41 are provided on the surface of the counter electrode 31.

  The surface layer 41 is provided with an alkyl group 41a. Thus, since the alkyl group 41a is given to the 1st inorganic alignment film 28 and the 2nd inorganic alignment film 32, the coverage of this area | region can increase and light resistance can be improved. Therefore, for example, even when strong light is applied to the pixel electrode 27, it is possible to suppress the decomposition of the liquid crystal due to a chemical reaction at the interface between the first inorganic alignment film 28 and the liquid crystal.

  Further, since the first inorganic alignment film 28 is provided under the sealing material 17, the surface layer 41 is unevenly formed following the unevenness of the columnar structure 28 a (column) constituting the first inorganic alignment film 28. It becomes possible to. Therefore, when the sealing material 17 is provided in the opening region 14 a on the surface layer 41, the contact area with the sealing material 17 can be increased by the unevenness of the surface layer 41, and the sealing material 17 is peeled off from the element substrate 10. That can be suppressed.

  Note that the amount of the sealing material 17 protruding from the outer edge of the sealing material 14 is, for example, 100 μm to 150 μm. The shape of the second inorganic alignment film 32 on the counter substrate 20 side and the planar shape of the surface layer 41 are the same as the shape on the element substrate 10 side.

<Method for manufacturing liquid crystal device>
FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the method of manufacturing the liquid crystal device in the order of steps. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a part of the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal device. Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal device will be described with reference to FIGS.

  First, a manufacturing method on the element substrate 10 side will be described. The first base material 10a to the third interlayer insulating layer 11d will be described as the first base material 10a. First, in step S11, the pixel electrode 27 and the like are formed on the first base material 10a made of a glass substrate or the like using a well-known film forming technique, photolithography technique, and etching technique.

  In step S12 (inorganic alignment film forming step), the first inorganic alignment film 28 is formed. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8A, an inorganic material such as silicon oxide is obliquely deposited on the entire third interlayer insulating layer 11d (first base material 10a) provided with the pixel electrode 27. As a result, the first inorganic alignment film 28 having the columnar structures 28a is formed.

  In step S <b> 13 (surface layer forming step), the surface layer 41 is formed on the first inorganic alignment film 28. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8B, chemical vapor deposition (hereinafter referred to as CVD) is used. Hereinafter, the structure of the CVD apparatus 70 and the method for manufacturing the surface layer 41 will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 8B, first, the element substrate 10 and the container 72 containing the silane coupling material 41 a 1 having the liquid alkyl group 41 a are placed in the sealed chamber 71 of the vacuum chamber of the CVD apparatus 70. Next, the container 72 is heated by the heater 73 to vaporize the silane coupling material 41a1. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8C, the surface layer 41 provided with the alkyl group 41a is formed on the surface of the pixel electrode 27 and the exposed surface of the third interlayer insulating layer 11d.

  That is, the silanol group on the surface of the first inorganic alignment film 28 reacts with the hydrolyzable group of the silane coupling material 41a1, and the silane coupling material 41a1 adheres, so that as shown in FIG. A surface layer 41 having an alkyl group 41 a is formed on the surface of the inorganic alignment film 28.

  Next, the element substrate 10 is irradiated with ultraviolet (Ultra Violet: UV), and a part of the formed surface layer 41 (alkyl group 41a) is decomposed and removed. Hereinafter, an ultraviolet irradiation method will be described with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 8D, first, the element substrate 10 is put into a device 80 for irradiating ultraviolet rays. Thereafter, a part of the element substrate 10 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays (Vacuum Ultra Violet: UV) using a photomask 81 having a light shielding portion 81a.

  Thereby, the surface layer 41 formed on the first inorganic alignment film 28 in the region overlapping with the sealing material 17 from the display region E to a part of the sealing material 14 remains in a plan view, and the surface of the other region Layer 41 (alkyl group 41a) is decomposed and removed. The surface layer 41 is removed by directly irradiating the organic functional group of the surface layer 41 by irradiation with vacuum ultraviolet rays, generating active oxygen such as ozone, and oxidizing the surface layer 41 excited by the active oxygen. It is thought to be for the purpose.

  Next, a manufacturing method on the counter substrate 20 side will be described. First, in step S21, the counter electrode 31 is formed on the second base material 20a made of a translucent material such as a glass substrate by using a well-known film forming technique, photolithography technique, and etching technique.

  In step S <b> 22, the second inorganic alignment film 32 is formed on the counter electrode 31. The manufacturing method of the second inorganic alignment film 32 is, for example, formed by using the oblique deposition method similarly to the first inorganic alignment film 28 on the element substrate 10 side.

  In step S <b> 23, the surface layer 41 is formed on the second inorganic alignment film 32. Specifically, it is formed by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) as in the element substrate 10 side. Thereafter, the counter substrate 20 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays (UV), and a part of the formed surface layer 41 is decomposed and removed. Specifically, it is formed in the same manner as the element substrate 10 side.

  Thereby, a part of surface layer 41 provided on the 2nd base material 20a is decomposed | disassembled and removed similarly to the element substrate 10 side. Next, a method for bonding the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20 will be described.

  In step S <b> 31 (sealing material forming step), the sealing material 14 is applied on the element substrate 10. Specifically, for example, the relative positional relationship between the element substrate 10 and a dispenser (also possible with a discharge device) is changed, so that the periphery of the display area E in the element substrate 10 (so as to surround the display area E). The sealing material 14 is applied.

  In step S32 (bonding step), the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20 are bonded together. Specifically, the element substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20 are bonded to the element substrate 10 through the applied sealing material 14. More specifically, it is performed while ensuring the positional accuracy in the vertical and horizontal directions of the substrates 10 and 20.

  In step S33 (injection step, sealing material forming step), liquid crystal is injected into the structure from the liquid crystal injection port (opening region 14a), and then the liquid crystal injection port is sealed with the sealing material 17. Thus, the liquid crystal device 100 is completed.

<Configuration of electronic equipment>
Next, a projection display device as an electronic apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a projection display device including the above-described liquid crystal device.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the projection display apparatus 1000 of the present embodiment includes a polarization illumination device 1100 arranged along the system optical axis L, two dichroic mirrors 1104 and 1105 as light separation elements, and three Reflective mirrors 1106, 1107, 1108, five relay lenses 1201, 1202, 1203, 1204, 1205, three transmissive liquid crystal light valves 1210, 1220, 1230 as light modulation means, and a cross dichroic as a light combiner A prism 1206 and a projection lens 1207 are provided.

  The polarized light illumination device 1100 is generally configured by a lamp unit 1101 as a light source composed of a white light source such as an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp or a halogen lamp, an integrator lens 1102, and a polarization conversion element 1103.

  The dichroic mirror 1104 reflects red light (R) and transmits green light (G) and blue light (B) among the polarized light beams emitted from the polarization illumination device 1100. Another dichroic mirror 1105 reflects the green light (G) transmitted through the dichroic mirror 1104 and transmits the blue light (B).

  The red light (R) reflected by the dichroic mirror 1104 is reflected by the reflection mirror 1106 and then enters the liquid crystal light valve 1210 via the relay lens 1205. Green light (G) reflected by the dichroic mirror 1105 enters the liquid crystal light valve 1220 via the relay lens 1204. The blue light (B) transmitted through the dichroic mirror 1105 enters the liquid crystal light valve 1230 via a light guide system including three relay lenses 1201, 1202, 1203 and two reflection mirrors 1107, 1108.

  The liquid crystal light valves 1210, 1220, and 1230 are disposed to face the incident surfaces of the cross dichroic prism 1206 for each color light. The color light incident on the liquid crystal light valves 1210, 1220, and 1230 is modulated based on video information (video signal) and emitted toward the cross dichroic prism 1206.

  In this prism, four right-angle prisms are bonded together, and a dielectric multilayer film that reflects red light and a dielectric multilayer film that reflects blue light are formed in a cross shape on the inner surface thereof. The three color lights are synthesized by these dielectric multilayer films, and the light representing the color image is synthesized. The synthesized light is projected on the screen 1300 by the projection lens 1207 which is a projection optical system, and the image is enlarged and displayed.

  The liquid crystal light valve 1210 is the one to which the liquid crystal device 100 described above is applied. The liquid crystal device 100 is arranged with a gap between a pair of polarizing elements arranged in crossed Nicols on the incident side and the emission side of colored light. The same applies to the other liquid crystal light valves 1220 and 1230.

  According to such a projection type display apparatus 1000, the liquid crystal light valve 1210, 1220, 1230 uses the liquid crystal apparatus 100 in which image sticking or the like is suppressed, so that high display quality can be realized.

  The electronic device on which the liquid crystal device 100 is mounted includes a projection display device 1000, a head-up display, a smartphone, an EVF (Electrical View Finder), a mobile mini projector, a mobile phone, a mobile computer, a digital camera, and a digital video. It can be used for various electronic devices such as cameras, displays, in-vehicle devices, audio devices, exposure devices, and lighting devices.

  As described above in detail, according to the liquid crystal device 100, the method for manufacturing the liquid crystal device 100, and the electronic apparatus of the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) According to the liquid crystal device 100 of the present embodiment, since the first inorganic alignment film 28 is provided under the sealing material 17, the columnar structure 28 a (column) constituting the first inorganic alignment film 28. It is possible to make the element substrate 10 uneven by following the unevenness. Therefore, when the sealing material 17 is provided in the opening region 14 a on the element substrate 10, the contact area with the sealing material 17 can be increased by the unevenness on the element substrate 10. It can suppress peeling. In addition, since the sealing material 17 is sealed in a wet state in which liquid crystal is put in the area surrounded by the sealing material 14, the adhesiveness becomes stricter. However, the adhesion between the element substrate 10 and the sealing material 14 can be improved by extending the region of the first inorganic alignment film 28 to the region of the sealing material 17.

  (2) According to the liquid crystal device 100 of the present embodiment, since the surface layer 41 is provided on the surface of the first inorganic alignment film 28, the light resistance can be improved, and the liquid crystal device 100 is irradiated with strong light. Can do.

  (3) According to the method for manufacturing the liquid crystal device 100 of the present embodiment, the first inorganic alignment film 28 is formed under the sealing material 17, and therefore the columnar structures 28 a (columns) constituting the first inorganic alignment film 28. ), The element substrate 10 can be made uneven. Therefore, when the sealing material 17 is formed in the opening region 14 a on the element substrate 10, the contact area with the sealing material 17 can be increased by the unevenness on the element substrate 10, and the sealing material 17 is removed from the element substrate 10. It can suppress peeling.

  (4) According to the electronic apparatus of this embodiment, since the above-described liquid crystal device 100 is provided, a highly reliable electronic apparatus can be provided.

  The aspect of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit or idea of the invention that can be read from the claims and the entire specification. It is included in the range. Moreover, it can also implement with the following forms.

(Modification 1)
As described above, it is limited that the first inorganic alignment film 28 is provided so as to extend to a region overlapping the sealing material 17 on the first base material 10a and a region overlapping a part of the sealing material 14. For example, as in the liquid crystal device 200 shown in FIG. 10, the first inorganic alignment film 28 is formed over the entire region of the first base material 10 a that overlaps the sealing material 14 and the sealing material 17 in plan view. It may be provided. According to this, since the 1st inorganic alignment film 28 is provided in the substantially whole on the 1st base material 10a, even when manufacturing using a mask, manufacture can be made easy.

(Modification 2)
As described above, the surface layer 41 is not provided between the sealing material 17 and the first inorganic alignment film 28, and the surface layer 41 is not provided as long as the liquid crystal device 100 is not irradiated with strong light. It may be configured.

(Modification 3)
As described above, the present invention is not limited to the transmissive liquid crystal device 100. For example, the present invention may be applied to a reflective liquid crystal device.

  3a ... scanning line, 3b ... capacitance line, 3c ... lower light shielding film, 6a ... data line, 10 ... element substrate as first substrate, 10a ... first base material, 11a ... underlying insulating layer, 11b ... first interlayer Insulating layer, 11c ... second interlayer insulating layer, 11d ... third interlayer insulating layer, 11g ... gate insulating film, 14 ... sealing material, 14a ... opening region, 15 ... liquid crystal layer, 16 ... capacitor element, 16a ... first capacitor Electrode, 16b ... second capacitor electrode, 16c ... dielectric film, 17 ... sealing material, 18 ... light shielding film, 20 ... counter substrate as second substrate, 20a ... second base material, 22 ... data line driving circuit, 24 ... Scanning line drive circuit, 25 ... Inspection circuit, 26 ... Vertical conduction part, 27 ... Pixel electrode, 28 ... First inorganic alignment film, 28a, 32a ... Columnar structure, 29 ... Wiring, 30 ... TFT, 30a ... Semiconductor Layer, 30c ... channel region, 30d ... pixel electrode side source Rain region, 30d1 ... Pixel electrode side LDD region, 30g ... Gate electrode, 30s ... Data line side source / drain region, 30s1 ... Data line side LDD region, 31 ... Counter electrode, 32 ... Second inorganic alignment film, 33 ... Planarization 41, surface layer, 41a, alkyl group, CNT51, 52, 53, 54 ... contact hole, 55 ... relay layer, 61 ... external connection terminal, 70 ... CVD apparatus, 71 ... sealed chamber, 72 ... container, 73 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Heater, 81 ... Photomask, 81a ... Light-shielding part, 100, 200 ... Liquid crystal device, 1000 ... Projection type display device, 1100 ... Polarized illumination device, 1101 ... Lamp unit, 1102 ... Integrator lens, 1103 ... Polarization conversion element, 1104 , 1105 ... Dichroic mirror, 1106, 1107, 1108 ... Reflection mirror, 1201, 202,1203,1204,1205 ... relay lens, 1206 ... cross dichroic prism, 1207 ... projection lens, 1210, 1220 ... liquid crystal light valves, 1300 ... screen.

Claims (4)

A first substrate;
A second substrate disposed opposite the first substrate;
A sealing material disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate;
A liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate;
A sealing material for sealing the liquid crystal layer in an opening region of the sealing material;
A first inorganic alignment film disposed between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer;
A second inorganic alignment film disposed between the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer;
A surface layer formed on the first inorganic alignment film;
Including
The sealing material has a first portion sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate,
The liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein the first portion overlaps the surface layer. The liquid crystal device according to claim 1,
The liquid crystal device, wherein the first inorganic alignment film is disposed so as to overlap with at least a part of a region where the sealing material is disposed when viewed from the second substrate side. An inorganic alignment film forming step of forming a first inorganic alignment film on the first substrate;
Forming a surface layer on the first inorganic alignment film;
A sealing material forming step of forming a sealing material on the first substrate;
A bonding step of bonding the first substrate and the second substrate on which the second inorganic alignment film is formed via the sealing material;
An injection step of injecting liquid crystal between the first substrate and the second substrate from the opening region of the sealing material;
A sealing material forming step of forming a sealing material for sealing the liquid crystal in the opening region;
Including
The sealing material forming step forms the sealing material on a first portion sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate,

The step of forming the surface layer forms the surface layer so as to overlap with the first portion.   An electronic apparatus comprising the liquid crystal device according to claim 1.

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