JP2017205045A - 飼料に好適なアミノ酸組成である海産従属栄養性藻類を飼料のタンパク質成分として利用する方法 - Google Patents
飼料に好適なアミノ酸組成である海産従属栄養性藻類を飼料のタンパク質成分として利用する方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
1.タンパク質を構成する全アミノ酸中、メチオニンの占める割合が1.5−4.6質量%、イソロイシンの占める割合が2.2−6.5質量%、フェニルアラニンの占める割合が2.3−6.9質量%、リジンの占める割合が3.9−11.6質量%、である、海産従属栄養性藻類。
2.タンパク質を構成する全アミノ酸中、トレオニンの占める割合が2.5−7.6質量%、バリンの占める割合が2.9−8.8質量%、ロイシンの占める割合が3.4−10.2質量%、ヒスチジンの占める割合が1.7−5.0質量%、アルギニンの占める割合が2.8−8.5質量%である、項目1に記載の海産従属栄養性藻類。
3.タウリンを0.2−0.7質量%含む、項目1又は2に記載の海産従属栄養性藻類。
4.魚粉の必須アミノ酸組成に基づく必須アミノ酸指数が90以上である、項目1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の海産従属栄養性藻類。
5.オーランチオキトリウム属の藻類である、項目1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の海産従属栄養性藻類。
6.オーランチオキトリウムFERM BP−11442株である、項目5に記載の海産従属栄養性藻類。
7.培養槽に炭素源を流加する培養工程を含む、項目1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の海産従属栄養性藻類の生産方法。
8.項目1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の海産従属栄養性藻類を、全質量に対して、乾燥藻体換算で1.0〜75.0質量%含有する、魚介類養殖用飼料組成物。
9.項目8に記載の飼料組成物を給餌する工程を含む、魚介類の養殖方法。
オーランチオキトリウム・リマシナム(Aurantiochytrium limacinum)4W−1b株の凍結保存品1.2mlを、坂口フラスコ中の200mlのGTY培地に植菌し、100rpm、25℃で3日間振盪培養した。この培養物1mlを、500mlフラスコ中のGTY培地に植菌し、100rpm、25℃で7日間培養した。得られた培養物から単離した藻類のアミノ酸組成を、図1に示す。
(100a/ae×100b/be×100c/ce×・・・・×100j/je)1/n
で求められ、ここで、
a,b,c・・・j=試験タンパク質の各必須アミノ酸含量(%)
ae,be,ce・・・je=魚粉の各必須アミノ酸含量(%)
n=必須アミノ酸の数
である。魚類における必須アミノ酸は、メチオニン、イソロイシン、フェニルアラニン、リジン、トレオニン、バリン、ロイシン、ヒスチジン、アルギニン及びトリプトファンの10種類であるが、本試験において、魚粉の必須アミノ酸は、トリプトファンの分析を行わなかったため、残りの9種類の必須アミノ酸に関して評価を行った。いずれかの必須アミノ酸において藻類における含量が魚粉における含量を上回るとその項の値が100を超えるが、その場合はその項の値を100として必須アミノ酸指数を求めた。
オーランチオキトリウム・マングロベイ(Aurantiochytrium mangrovei)を定法に従い培養し、藻体を回収し、乾燥藻体を調製した。斯かる乾燥藻体の魚粉を基準とした必須アミノ酸指数を上記のようにして求めたところ、91.2であった。クルマエビ養殖用飼料の魚粉の代わりに当該乾燥藻体を0、2.5、5.0、10.0、20.0%配合した飼料を作製し、それらを与えてクルマエビにおける代替タンパク源としての評価を行った。
株式会社ヒガシマルの臨海研究所で人工種苗生産した平均体重1.09gのクルマエビを、100L容角型水槽に15尾ずつ収容して5試験区を設けた。各水槽には加温濾過海水を注水し、期間中の平均水温は19.0℃であった。
飼育成績を表2に示した。平均体重、平均増重率、生残率、飼料効率に有意差はないが、日間摂餌率は試験区4が有意に高くなったことから、オーランチオキトリウム藻体は摂餌を促進させる効果があることが示唆された。これらの結果から、オーランチオキトリウムは成長に関して魚粉主体の飼料と差はないことが確認された。
FERM BP−11442
Claims (9)
- タンパク質を構成する全アミノ酸中、メチオニンの占める割合が1.5−4.6質量%、イソロイシンの占める割合が2.2−6.5質量%、フェニルアラニンの占める割合が2.3−6.9質量%、リジンの占める割合が3.9−11.6質量%、である、海産従属栄養性藻類。
- タンパク質を構成する全アミノ酸中、トレオニンの占める割合が2.5−7.6質量%、バリンの占める割合が2.9−8.8質量%、ロイシンの占める割合が3.4−10.2質量%、ヒスチジンの占める割合が1.7−5.0質量%、アルギニンの占める割合が2.8−8.5質量%である、請求項1に記載の海産従属栄養性藻類。
- タウリンを0.2−0.7質量%含む、請求項1又は2に記載の海産従属栄養性藻類。
- 魚粉の必須アミノ酸組成に基づく必須アミノ酸指数が90以上である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の海産従属栄養性藻類。
- オーランチオキトリウム属の藻類である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の海産従属栄養性藻類。
- オーランチオキトリウムFERM BP−11442株である、請求項5に記載の海産従属栄養性藻類。
- 培養槽に炭素源を流加する培養工程を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の海産従属栄養性藻類の生産方法。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の海産従属栄養性藻類を、全質量に対して、乾燥藻体換算で1.0〜75.0質量%含有する、魚介類養殖用飼料組成物。
- 請求項8に記載の飼料組成物を給餌する工程を含む、魚介類の養殖方法。
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