JP2017165552A - Brake system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a brake system which can stably exert a brake force while increasing the brake force.SOLUTION: A brake system configured from a bearing member 8 and a spring member 9, in which a pressing part 5 is connected to bottom edges of the bearing member 8 and the spring member 9 by pins 12, 13 which have a traverse direction x as an axial direction. In the bearing member, a telescopic mechanism 4, which is telescopically moved in a vertical direction z, is located below a traveling body 3, the pressing part 5 is so provided as to be projected from the telescopic mechanism 4 toward a rail 2, a brake shoe 6, on a top face of which a recessed portion 15 is formed, is located between the pressing part 5 and the rail 2, and the telescopic mechanism 4 is extended downwards from the traveling body 3. The spring member is extended downwards from the traveling body 3, and is located side by side with the bearing member 8 in a rail longitudinal direction y.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a braking device for a traveling body such as a quay crane or a train that travels on a rail, and more particularly to a braking device that can stably exert a braking force while increasing the braking force.

  Various brake devices for cranes traveling on rails have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). The brake device described in Patent Document 1 compresses the disc spring with a hydraulic cylinder when the brake is released, and releases the hydraulic cylinder when the brake is operated, so that the brake shoe installed at the lower end of the disc spring is railed by the restoring force of the disc spring. Press against the top surface to stop the crane.

  In the brake device described in Patent Document 1, in order to increase the braking force, both the disc spring and the hydraulic cylinder must be increased in size, which greatly increases the manufacturing cost of the brake device. In addition, since the disc spring repeatedly compresses and expands every time the crane is run and stopped, there is a possibility that the deterioration easily proceeds and breaks. If the disc spring breaks, the braking force of the brake device will be significantly reduced.

  The brake device described in Patent Literature 2 sandwiches the side surface of the rail with two brake shoes and rotates the cam to increase the force pressing the brake shoe against the rail, thereby stopping the crane. In order to increase the braking force, the brake device described in Patent Document 2 must increase the output of the motor by increasing the size of the motor, which greatly increases the manufacturing cost of the brake device. Even if the motor is increased in size, there is a limit to the force with which the rail is sandwiched between the brake shoes, and the braking force that can be obtained for the increase in the manufacturing cost of the brake device is small.

JP 2010-247944 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-72690

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a brake device that can stably exert the braking force while increasing the braking force.

In order to achieve the above object, a braking device of the present invention is a braking device for a traveling body that travels on a rail, and an expansion mechanism that is disposed below the traveling body and expands and contracts in the vertical direction. A pressing portion that protrudes toward the rail, and a brake shoe that is disposed between the pressing portion and the rail and is suspended by an elevating mechanism. A supporting member that extends toward the bottom, and a spring member that extends downward from the traveling body and is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the rail. The brake shoe is configured to be supported by a lower end of the support member and a lower end of the spring member by pins having a transverse direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail as an axial direction. And a horizontal portion formed on both sides of the recess in the longitudinal direction of the rail. When the brake is operated, the brake shoe in the standby position is moved downward by the operation of the lifting mechanism. The lower surface of the brake shoe and the upper surface of the rail are in contact with each other, and when the traveling body moves along the rail, the pressing portion abuts on the surface of the hollow portion and can move to the horizontal portion. It is comprised by this.

  According to the brake device of the present invention, the pressing portion moves along the hollow portion formed in the brake shoe and the first horizontal portion, so that the force for pressing the brake shoe can be gradually increased and thereafter kept constant. it can. By providing this recess, the brake shoe can be pressed using the dead weight of the traveling body, so that the braking force of the brake device can be increased. By providing this horizontal portion, it is possible to determine the upper limit value of the force with which the pressing portion presses the brake shoe, so it is necessary to design the members constituting the brake device such as the pressing portion and the brake shoe with higher strength than necessary. There is no. Therefore, over-spec can be avoided while significantly improving the braking force of the brake device.

  Since the pressing portion moves to the first horizontal portion, the brake shoe can be pressed against the rail with a constant force, so that the brake device can obtain a stable braking force.

  In addition, a part of the vertical load transmitted to the expansion / contraction mechanism via the pressing portion that rides on the brake shoe can be supported by the support member. Therefore, the vertical load that acts on the spring member can be suppressed. This is advantageous in avoiding failure and deterioration of the spring member.

  The pressing portion may include a holder that is supported by the lower end of the support member and the lower end of the spring member, and a roller that is held by the holder and that has a transverse direction as a rotation axis direction. It is advantageous to smoothly move the pressing portion in the rail longitudinal direction along the upper surface of the brake shoe.

  When the elevating mechanism is connected to the brake shoe with one end directly or indirectly, the upper part is connected to the other end of the string member to wind and feed the string, and the brake shoe is in the standby position. And a guide portion that is arranged in the vicinity of one end of the string-like object and restrains the string-like object at a predetermined position in the rail longitudinal direction.

  When hoisting the string-like object and raising the brake shoe, even if the brake shoe is in a position displaced in the rail longitudinal direction, the string-like object is guided by the guide portion, so the brake shoe is moved to a predetermined standby position. Can be made. Since it becomes easy to move the brake shoe to a predetermined standby position, the position of the brake shoe is constant during operation of the brake device, which is advantageous for obtaining a stable braking force.

  The elevating mechanism can be configured to include a contact member that contacts each horizontal portion of the brake shoe in the standby position.

  Since the abutting members come into contact with the respective horizontal portions, the posture of the brake shoe in the standby position is determined, and this posture can be stabilized. As a result, problems such as tilting of the brake shoe during standby and contact with the rail can be avoided. It is advantageous to obtain a stable braking force.

It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the brake device at the time of standby of this invention by a front view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the brake device of FIG. 1 in AA cross section. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the brake shoe of the brake device of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the brake device of FIG. 1 in a BB cross section. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the brake device at the time of an action | operation. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which the press part contacted the hollow part. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which the press part contacted the 1st horizontal part. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which the brake shoe contacted the stopper. It is a graph which illustrates the relationship between escape distance and brake force. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the modification of a brake device. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the brake device of FIG. 10 in CC cross section. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the modification of a brake shoe. 13 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the escape distance and the braking force in the brake shoe of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the modification of a stopper. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates embodiment which installed the guide part in the brake device. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the modification of a guide part.

  Hereinafter, the brake device of the present invention will be described based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. In the drawing, the traveling direction (rail longitudinal direction) of the traveling body is indicated by an arrow y, the transverse direction transversely intersecting the traveling direction y is indicated by an arrow x, and the vertical direction is indicated by an arrow z.

  As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the brake device 1 of the present invention includes, for example, a telescopic mechanism 4 fixed to the lower surface of a traveling body 3 that travels on a rail 2 such as a quay crane and a train, and the telescopic mechanism 4. And a brake shoe 6 disposed between the pressing portion 5 and the rail 2 and a lifting mechanism 7 for raising and lowering the brake shoe 6. Yes.

  In this embodiment, the telescopic mechanism 4 is provided with a support member 8 extending downward from the traveling body 3, and is spaced from the support member 8 along the traveling direction y and extends downward from the traveling body 3. The spring member 9 is provided. The support member 8 is arranged in a state in which the extending direction is parallel to the vertical direction z. The spring member 9 is arranged in a state where the extending direction is inclined along the traveling direction y from a state in which the extending direction is parallel to the vertical direction z. The spring member 9 is inclined in the direction in which the upper end approaches the support member 8. That is, the spring member 9 is in a state in which the distance between the upper end of the support member 8 and the upper end of the spring member 9 in the traveling direction y is closer than the distance between the lower end of the support member 8 and the lower end of the spring member 9 in the traveling direction y. Is inclined.

  The spring member 9 is composed of a plurality of disc springs, and can be expanded and contracted in the axial direction. The configuration of the spring member 9 is not limited to this, and it is only necessary to have a configuration that expands and contracts in the axial direction such as a coil spring, a hydraulic cylinder, or a mechanism that combines the hydraulic cylinder and the coil spring.

  In this embodiment, the pressing portion 5 includes a holder 10 supported by the lower end of the support member 8 and the lower end of the spring member 9, and a roller 11 installed on the holder 10. The holder 10 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and both ends of the running direction y are connected to the lower end of the support member 8 and the lower end of the spring member 9 by pins 12 and 13 having the transverse direction x as the axial direction. The roller 11 is supported by the holder 10 by a rotating shaft 14 having the transverse direction x as an axial direction, and is configured to be rotatable around the rotating shaft 14. In FIGS. 1 and 2, a part of the roller 11 is indicated by a broken line for the sake of explanation.

The brake shoe 6 is disposed between the pressing portion 5 and the rail 2, and is suspended from the traveling body 3 side by an elevating mechanism 7. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the brake shoe 6 includes a recessed portion 15 formed in a concave shape on the upper surface, and first horizontal portions 16 formed on both sides in the running direction y of the recessed portion 15. A second horizontal portion 17 is formed on the bottom surface that is the lowest portion at the center portion in the traveling direction y of the recess portion 15.

  The two first horizontal portions 16 and the second horizontal portion 17 are formed by horizontal planes that are parallel to each other. The first horizontal portion 16 and the second horizontal portion 17 are parallel to the lower surface of the brake shoe 6. The two first horizontal portions 16 are above the second horizontal portion 17 and are located at the same height. The first horizontal portion 16 and the second horizontal portion 17 are connected by a flat inclined surface 15a.

  When the traveling body 3 on which the brake device 1 is installed is composed of, for example, a quay crane, the length of the brake shoe 6 in the traveling direction y can be set to about 300 to 1000 mm, for example. Further, the length of the brake shoe 6 in the transverse direction x can be longer than or equal to the width of the rail 2, and specifically about 150 to 350 mm.

  As illustrated in FIG. 1, the elevating mechanisms 7 are respectively disposed at positions on both sides of the pressing portion 5 in the transverse direction x. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the elevating mechanism 7 includes a string-like object 18 whose one end is connected to the side surface of the brake shoe 6 facing the transverse direction x, and a string-like object 18 that is installed on the traveling body 3 to wind up the string-like object 18. It has a winding upper part 19 for lowering and a guide part 20 for sandwiching and guiding the string-like object 18 from both sides.

  The string-like object 18 is composed of, for example, a chain. The string-like object 18 is not limited to a chain, and may be any structure that has a strength capable of suspending the brake shoe 6 and is wound up by the winding upper part 19 such as a wire or a rope. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, one end of the string-like object 18 is indirectly connected to the brake shoe 6 via an extending member 18 a extending in the transverse direction x. One end of the string-like object 18 connected to the brake shoe 6 may be directly connected to the side surface of the brake shoe 6.

  The hoisting part 19 can be comprised with the drum connected with a drive motor. By rotating the drum by the power of the drive motor, the chain can be taken up or fed out.

  The guide part 20 can be composed of a pair of guide sheaves. The guide sheave is composed of a pin whose axial direction is the transverse direction x and a sheave supported in a rotatable state by this pin. The guide unit 20 is fixed to the traveling body 3 and is disposed at a position above the brake shoe 6. The pair of guide sheaves has a configuration in which the string-like object 18 is sandwiched from both sides in the traveling direction y and the string-like object 18 is guided. The guide portion 20 is not limited to this configuration, and may have a configuration for restraining the string-like object 18 at a predetermined position in the traveling direction y and guiding it in a predetermined direction, for example, a through hole extending in the vertical direction z. And a cylindrical body that allows the string-like object 18 to pass through the through-hole.

  The elevating mechanism 7 has a contact member 21 that contacts the upper surface of the brake shoe 6 and maintains the posture of the brake shoe 6. The contact member 21 is disposed at a position in contact with each first horizontal portion 16 on both sides in the running direction y of the brake shoe 6 and has lower surfaces that are the same height. Since the first horizontal portions 16 of the brake shoes 6 pulled upward by the string 18 come into surface contact with the lower surface of the contact member 21, the posture of the brake shoes 6 becomes horizontal.

  Stoppers 22 are arranged on both outer sides of the brake shoe 6 in the traveling direction y. The stopper 22 is fixed to the side of the traveling body 3 and has a configuration for restraining the brake shoe 6 within a predetermined range in the traveling direction y.

  Next, the operation of the brake device 1 will be described. When the traveling body 3 such as a quay crane travels along the rail 2, the brake device 1 is set in a standby state. As illustrated in FIG. 2, when the brake device 1 is on standby, the second horizontal portion 17 of the brake shoe 6 is disposed at a standby position where it contacts the roller 11 constituting the pressing portion 5. The brake shoe 6 is suspended by the elevating mechanism 7 and is held at a standby position where the lower surface of the brake shoe 6 does not contact the upper surface of the rail 2.

  At this time, it is desirable that the telescopic mechanism 4 has a natural length. That is, it is desirable that the spring member 9 has a natural length and does not accumulate elastic energy. In this case, the brake shoe 6 and the roller 11 are in contact with each other, but the stress in the vertical direction z is hardly generated between the two members. Since unnecessary stress is not generated in the expansion / contraction mechanism 4 and the pressing portion 5, it is advantageous for suppressing deterioration due to fatigue or the like. Further, when the brake device 1 is disassembled for maintenance, the contracted spring member 9 does not suddenly extend and push the brake shoe 6 downward, so that safety during maintenance work is improved. Is advantageous.

  When the traveling body 3 such as a quay crane completes the movement to a predetermined position and performs a cargo handling operation or the like, the brake device 1 is put into an operating state. As illustrated in FIG. 5, when the brake device 1 is operated, the brake shoe 6 is dropped downward by releasing the suspension by the lifting mechanism 7. Specifically, the string-like object 18 is fed out by the winding upper part 19. The operation of the elevating mechanism 7 moves the brake shoe 6 to an operating position where the lower surface of the brake shoe 6 and the upper surface of the rail 2 are in contact with each other. At this time, it is desirable that the string-like object 18 be fed out from the winding upper part 19 until it is sufficiently slackened. 5-8, the expansion-contraction mechanism 4, the press part 5, and the raising / lowering mechanism 7 are shown in the same drawing for description.

  If the telescopic mechanism 4 has a natural length during standby, the position of the pressing portion 5 does not change even if the brake shoe 6 is dropped and placed on the rail 2. Therefore, a gap having the same length as the distance at which the brake shoe 6 has dropped is formed between the roller 11 of the pressing portion 5 and the second horizontal portion 17 of the brake shoe 6.

At this time, the upper surface of the brake shoe 6 and the peripheral surface of the roller 11 constituting the pressing portion 5 are not in contact with each other, and no force is generated to compress the expansion / contraction mechanism 4. Does not occur. That is, since the vertical load _Fn is not generated in the brake shoe 6, the brake force of the brake device 1 becomes zero as illustrated in FIG.

  When the brake device 1 is in operation and the runaway body 3 such as a quay crane moves from a predetermined position due to wind, vibration or the like, it is placed on the rail 2 as illustrated in FIG. The brake shoe 6 stays on the spot, and the pressing portion 5 fixed to the traveling body 3 moves in the traveling direction y.

  In order to prevent tension from being generated in the string-like object 18 when the traveling body 3 runs away and the brake shoe 6 moves in the running direction y, the string-like object 18 is drawn out from the winding part 19 in advance to be relaxed. Alternatively, the string-like object 18 is appropriately fed out from the winding part 19 in accordance with the movement of the traveling body 3. For example, the drum constituting the winding part 19 may be in a free state in which the drum can be rotated with almost no resistance, and the string-like object 18 may be automatically drawn according to the tension generated in the string-like object 18.

  When the traveling body 3 runs away, the roller 11 that has moved in the traveling direction y as the traveling body 3 moves contacts the inclined surface 15 a of the recess 15. Thereafter, the roller 11 moves upward along the recess 15 while rotating. That is, the roller 11 moves in the traveling direction y according to the moving distance of the traveling body 3 and is pushed upward along the upper surface of the recess 15.

  At this time, the expansion / contraction mechanism 4 contracts according to the height at which the roller 11 is pushed up. The support member 8 is configured by a columnar object whose length does not change, and the spring member 9 is configured to be extendable and contractable in the axial direction. Therefore, the holder 10 of the pressing portion 5 tilts around the pin 12 connected to the lower end of the support member 8. As the holder 10 tilts, the roller 11 moves in the vertical direction z. The spring member 9 composed of a disc spring or the like contracts according to the height at which the roller 11 is pushed up.

Since the roller 11 in accordance with the restoring force of the spring member 9 pushes the brake shoe 6 downward, vertical load F _n generated in the roller 11 and the brake shoe 6 and the rail 2 increases. A frictional force generated between the circumferential surface and the upper surface of the brake shoe 6 along the roller 11 to increase the vertical load F _n, and a frictional force generated between the lower and upper surfaces of the rails 2 of the brake shoe 6 It will increase.

Since the frictional force generated between the lower and upper surfaces of the rails 2 of the brake shoe 6 with increasing vertical load F _n generated in the brake shoe 6 is increased, the brake shoe 6 is easily maintained a relative position with respect to the rail 2 . That is, even if the pressing portion 5 is pushed by the force in the traveling direction y, the brake shoe 6 does not move on the rail 2 and tries to stay there.

  Since the pressing portion 5 installed on the traveling body 3 side with respect to the brake shoe 6 tends to move in the traveling direction y, the roller 11 is moved when the pressing portion 5 moves upward on the inclined surface 15a of the recessed portion 15. The frictional force generated between the peripheral surface of the first and second recesses 15 acts on the traveling body 3 as a braking force.

At this time, each member is designed so that the friction coefficient μ _A between the peripheral surface of the roller 11 and the brake shoe 6 is smaller than the friction coefficient μ _B between the brake shoe 6 and the rail 2. . By pressing unit 5 is configured to include a roller 15, it can be easily reduced than the frictional coefficient mu _B the friction coefficient mu _A between the pressing portion 5 and the brake shoe 6.

Roller 11, the brake shoe 6 and the rail 2, a vertical load F _n of the same magnitude in the vertical direction z is generated. Therefore, the magnitude of the braking force generated by the brake device 1 against the runaway of the traveling body 3 depends on the magnitude of the frictional force between the peripheral surface of the roller 11 and the brake shoe 6. It is represented by the product of the vertical load F _{n in} the vertical direction z generated at 6 etc. and the friction coefficient μ _A

As illustrated in FIG. 9, when the pressing portion 5 is in contact with the inclined surface 15 a of the recessed portion 15, the braking force increases according to the escape distance of the traveling body 3. When the running force of the traveling body 3 exceeds this braking force, the roller 11 further moves upward on the inclined surface 15a of the recess 15 and eventually reaches the first horizontal portion 16 as illustrated in FIG. To do. When the roller 11 reaches the first horizontal section 16, vertical load F _n in the vertical direction z which occurs in the brake shoe 6 so that further contracting the spring member 9 of the telescopic mechanism 4 is eliminated is constant. Braking force of the brake device 1, since it is determined by integration of the vertical load F _n and the coefficient of friction mu _A to be the constant value, the braking force as illustrated in FIG. 9 is a constant value F _A.

If towards the escape forces of the running body 3 is larger than the brake force F _A as illustrated in FIG. 8, further traveling body 3 is the brake shoe 6 comes into contact with the stopper 22 without stopping. The brake shoe 6 in contact with the stopper 22 is pushed in the traveling direction y by the stopper 22 and moves in the traveling direction y together with the traveling body 3 while maintaining the state in contact with the stopper 22.

At this time, the elevating mechanism 7 has a configuration that does not hinder the brake shoe 6 from moving relative to the pressing portion 5 in the traveling direction y and contacting the stopper 22. The lifting mechanism 7 can feed out the string-like object 18 having a length that allows the brake shoe 6 to move to a position where the brake shoe 6 contacts the stopper 22 when the brake device 1 is operated. Further, the elevating mechanism 7 can wind up the string-like object 18 by the hoisting portion 19 to such a height that the lower surface of the brake shoe 6 does not contact the rail 2 when the brake shoe 6 is moved to the standby position.

  The structure of the elevating mechanism 7 is not limited to this structure, and the brake shoe 6 can be moved between the standby position and the operating position, and the brake shoe 6 can be moved to a position where it comes into contact with the stopper 22 when the traveling body 3 runs away. What is necessary is just to have the structure. The elevating mechanism 7 may be composed of, for example, a cylinder mechanism such as a hydraulic cylinder that expands and contracts in the vertical direction z, and a swing arm that is installed at the lower end of the cylinder mechanism and is tiltable along the traveling direction y. it can. At this time, the brake shoe 6 is installed at the lower end of the swing arm.

When the brake shoe 6 and the stopper 22 come into contact with each other, the brake shoe 6 is in a state of moving integrally with the traveling body 3 in the running direction of the traveling body 3. That is, the brake shoe 6 is apparently fixed to the traveling body 3 side. Therefore, as illustrated in FIG. 9, when the brake shoe 6 is in contact with the stopper 22, the braking force of the brake device 1 is such that the friction coefficient μ _B between the lower surface of the brake shoe 6 and the upper surface of the rail 2 and the vertical direction z because of is determined by integration of the vertical load F _n, the braking force becomes F _B constant value.

Braking force of the brake device 1, the friction coefficient mu _B between the friction coefficient mu _A or the lower surface and the upper surface of the rail 2 of the brake shoe 6 between the circumferential surface and the upper surface of the brake shoe 6 of the roller 11, the brake shoe it can be determined by integration of the vertical load F _n occurring 6 or the like. That braking force of the brake device 1, since the vertical load F _n by using the weight of the traveling body 3 can easily be increased, thereby significantly increasing the braking force.

The configuration of providing the first horizontal section 16 and a second horizontal portion 17 on the upper surface of the brake shoe 6 can be easily adjusted with determining the upper limit value of the vertical load F _n advance. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the maximum stroke amount of the telescopic mechanism 4 in the vertical direction z is determined from the height difference h1 between the first horizontal portion 16 and the second horizontal portion 17 of the brake shoe 6 at the standby position. The height difference h <b> 2 between the lower surface and the upper surface of the rail 2, i.e., the length h <b> 1-h <b> 2 minus the fall distance of the brake shoe 6 when the brake device 1 is operated. In this specification, the stroke amount represents the extension / contraction length of the extension / contraction mechanism 4 in the vertical direction z.

  For example, if the height difference h1 between the first horizontal portion 16 and the second horizontal portion 17 is 16 mm and the height difference h2 between the lower surface of the brake shoe 6 and the upper surface of the rail 2 is 10 mm, The maximum stroke amount in the direction z is 6 mm. That is, by providing the brake shoe 6 with the first horizontal portion 16 and the second horizontal portion 17, the position where the roller 11 of the pressing portion 5 and the second horizontal portion 17 are in contact with each other is set as the standby position of the brake shoe 6. The maximum value of the stroke amount of the telescopic mechanism 4 can be uniquely determined.

  As a result, the braking force of the brake device 1 can be determined regardless of the angle of the inclined surface 15a of the recess 15 or the like. In other words, when the recess 15 of the brake shoe 6 is processed, the lengths of the first horizontal portion 16 and the second horizontal portion 17 in the traveling direction y vary, or the first horizontal portion 16 changes to the second horizontal portion 17. Even if a variation occurs in the angle of the inclined surface 15a to be reached or the inclined surface 15a is formed of a curved surface, if the height difference h1 between the first horizontal portion 16 and the second horizontal portion 17 is accurately set, the brake The braking force of the device 1 can be set to a predetermined magnitude. This is advantageous for accurately controlling the quality of the brake shoe 6.

Further, the height difference h <b> 2 between the lower surface of the brake shoe 6 and the upper surface of the rail 2 can be adjusted by the elevating mechanism 7. If the feeding length of the string-like object 18 of the elevating mechanism 7 is increased and the position of the contact member 21 is decreased, the height difference h2 can be reduced. That is, the standby position of the brake shoe 6 can be adjusted by the installation position of the contact member 21 and the length of the string-like object 18.

  Accordingly, the roller 11 of the pressing portion 5 is lowered to a position where it contacts the second horizontal portion 17 of the brake shoe 6 at the standby position. Specifically, a height adjusting mechanism such as a spacer is disposed between the traveling body 3 and the expansion / contraction mechanism 4 to lower the installation position of the expansion / contraction mechanism 4.

  The height adjustment mechanism may be installed between the brake device 1 and the traveling body 2. In other words, the installation position of the telescopic mechanism 4 and the lifting mechanism 7 can be adjusted simultaneously by the height adjusting mechanism. According to this configuration, since the entire brake device 1 can be moved in the vertical direction z, the adjustment of the height of the brake shoe 6 and the adjustment of the height of the telescopic mechanism 4 by the elevating mechanism 7 are individually performed as described above. There is no need to do it. The braking force of the brake device 1 can be adjusted more easily.

  Since the height difference h2 is reduced, the maximum value h1-h2 of the stroke amount of the telescopic mechanism 4 is increased, and the braking force of the brake device 1 is increased. On the other hand, if the position of the contact member 21 is increased and adjusted so that the height difference h2 is increased, the braking force of the brake device 1 is reduced.

  Also, the braking force of the brake device 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the height difference h1 between the first horizontal portion 16 and the second horizontal portion 17 of the brake shoe 6. Since it becomes easy to adjust the braking force of the brake device 1, quality control of the brake device 1 is facilitated.

  The brake force of the brake device 1 can be adjusted even after the brake device 1 is installed on the traveling body 3 by replacing the brake shoe 6 or adjusting the height adjustment mechanism. This is advantageous for quality control of the brake device 1.

The telescopic mechanism 4 is its length by configuring in expandable spring member 9 and the strut member 8 fixed, a part of the vertical load F _n occurring expansion mechanism 4 is supported by the strut member 8. Since the stress generated in the spring member 9 can be suppressed, it is advantageous for suppressing the enlargement of the spring member 9 and suppressing the occurrence of failure or damage.

  Moreover, the stroke amount of the spring member 9 can be largely ensured by the configuration in which the spring member 9 is disposed in a state inclined from the state parallel to the vertical direction z to the traveling direction y. Since it becomes easy to raise the braking force of the brake device 1 smoothly when the traveling body 3 runs away, it is advantageous for avoiding a problem that the brake device 1 breaks down due to an impact.

  If the first horizontal portion 16 is provided on the brake shoe 6 and the roller 11 rides on the first horizontal portion 16, even if the roller 11 reciprocates in the traveling direction y due to vibration or the like, The braking force can be kept constant. It is advantageous for the brake device 1 to obtain a stable braking force.

The structure for installing the stopper 22, when the escape forces traveling member 3 is unable to stop the escape of the running body 3 exceeds the braking force F _A, beyond its end roller 11 moves the upper surface of the brake shoe 6 Therefore, it can be avoided that the braking force is lost.

When the brake shoe 6 is moved together with the traveling member 3 abuts against the stopper 22 is obtained is large braking force F _B than the braking force F _A generated between the pressing portion 5 and the brake shoe 6. If the order to install the stopper 22, it is possible to determine the intensity of the member or the like constituting the brake apparatus 1 in accordance with the magnitude of the braking force F _B in the appropriate range, these members to overspecification Can be avoided.

Here, the maximum value of the braking force F _A generated between the roller 11 and the brake shoe 6 and the braking force F _B generated between the brake shoe 6 and the rail 2 is the same as the value of the vertical load Fn. Depending on the values of the friction coefficients μ _A and μ _B of

  The stopper 22 is not an essential requirement of the present invention. For example, when the maximum value of the braking force required at the time of runaway is not so large, the brake device 1 can be configured not to be provided with the stopper 22.

Even when the brake device 1 is in operation, if the traveling body 3 does not run away, the vertical load _Fn is not generated on the brake shoe 6 or the like. That is, since the stress is generated only when the traveling body 3 escapes, the expansion / contraction mechanism 4, the pressing portion 5 and the brake shoe 6 are advantageous in suppressing deterioration of these members. Similarly, since the stress is generated only when the traveling body 3 escapes, the other members constituting the brake device 1 are advantageous in suppressing deterioration of these members.

When the brake device 1 is restored, the roller 11 is moved upward of the second horizontal portion 17 of the recessed portion 15 by causing the traveling body 3 to travel in the direction opposite to the escape direction. Telescopic mechanism 4 With this vertical direction z vertical load has occurred in F _n is opened the brake of the brake shoe 6 extends is released.

  Thereafter, when the string-like object 18 is wound up by the winding upper part 19 of the lifting mechanism 7, the brake shoe 6 moves upward in the standby position and moves in the traveling direction y. Since the string-like object 18 is guided by the guide portion 20, the brake shoe 6 can be moved to the standby position regardless of the direction of the brake device 1. That is, by installing the guide portion 20, the brake shoe 6 can be easily moved to a standby position where the roller 11 of the pressing portion 5 and the second horizontal portion 17 of the brake shoe 6 are in contact with each other.

  When the first horizontal portion 16 on the upper surface of the brake shoe 6 comes into contact with the lower surface of the contact member 21, the winding of the string-like object 18 by the winding portion 19 is stopped. Since the posture of the brake shoe 6 in contact with the lower surface of the contact member 21 is controlled to be horizontal, the lower surface of the brake shoe 6 is parallel to the upper surface of the rail 2. This is advantageous in avoiding an accident in which the brake shoe 6 in the standby state tilts and contacts the rail 2.

  When the brake shoe 6 moves to the standby position, the restoration work of the brake device 1 is completed. After the restoration work of the brake device 1 is completed, the traveling body 3 can travel in any direction.

  A position sensor that detects the position of the brake shoe 6 with respect to the pressing portion 5 may be installed in order to detect whether or not the traveling body 3 has run away and its direction when the brake device 1 is restored. This position sensor can be composed of, for example, a laser scanner or the like that measures a distance by irradiating a plurality of laser beams along the rail 2 that is provided on the lower surface of the traveling body 3 or the pressing portion 5 and that is a facing surface. The position where the brake shoe 6 is placed on the rail 2 can be specified from the plurality of distance values obtained by this laser scanner. This makes it possible to know whether or not it is necessary to run the traveling body 3 when releasing the brake, and if necessary, to know the direction in which the traveling body 3 travels. it can.

The configuration of the telescopic mechanism 4 is not limited to the above-described embodiment. The pressing portion 5 can be moved in the vertical direction, and may be any configuration capable of supporting a vertical load F _n. Moreover, the structure of the press part 5 is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment. The depression 15 of the brake shoe 6 is activated when the brake device 1 is operated.
Any configuration that can move to the first horizontal portion 16 while abutting against the first horizontal portion 16 may be used. Further, the elevating mechanism 7 is not limited to the above-described embodiment. Any configuration that can move the brake shoe 6 between the standby position and the operating position is acceptable.

  As illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 11, the spring member 9 of the telescopic mechanism 4 may be arranged in a state parallel to the vertical direction z. The support member 8 and the spring member 9 are respectively arranged in a state parallel to the vertical direction z.

Further, the pressing portion 5 can be configured to include a tilting plate 23 fixed below the telescopic mechanism 4 and a contact plate 24 projecting downward from the lower surface of the tilting plate 23. The contact plate 24 is composed of a plate-like member whose lower end is processed into a curved surface. The lower end of the contact plate 24 is such that the friction coefficient μ _A between the contact plate 24 and the upper surface of the brake shoe 6 is smaller than the friction coefficient μ _B between the lower surface of the brake shoe 6 and the upper surface of the rail 2. The upper and lower surfaces of the part and the brake shoe 6 are processed.

For example it is possible to adopt a configuration for reducing the friction coefficient mu _A to the lower portion and the upper surface of the brake shoe 6 of the contact plate 24 by placing a fluorine resin or a nylon resin. Further, when the brake device 1 is operated, it is also possible to supply lubricating oil or the like from the lower end portion of the contact plate 24 toward the upper surface of the brake shoe 6. By performing the processing of roughening the surface of the lower surface of the brake shoe 6, it is also possible to adopt a configuration to increase the friction coefficient mu _B between the upper surface of the rail 2.

  The hoisting portion 19 of the elevating mechanism 7 is configured by an arm member that is installed on the traveling body 3 in a state where one end can be raised and lowered, and a string-like body 18 is connected to the other end. When the other end of the arm member is erected upward, the brake shoe 6 is pulled upward, and when the arm is tilted downward, the brake shoe 6 is lowered.

  The brake shoe 6 has a recess 15 formed on the upper surface and horizontal portions (first horizontal portions) 16 formed on both sides of the recess 15 in the traveling direction. That is, the second horizontal portion 17 is not an essential component of the present invention. Note that the second horizontal portion 17 may be formed in the recessed portion 15 of the brake shoe 6.

  A height adjusting mechanism 25 may be disposed between the brake device 1 and the traveling body 3. The height adjustment mechanism 25 has a configuration that moves in the vertical direction z, and can adjust the installation position of the brake device 1 in the vertical direction z. That is, the positions of the telescopic mechanism 4 and the lifting mechanism 7 can be moved in the vertical direction z.

  The height adjustment mechanism 25 may be configured by a spacer having a fixed length in the vertical direction z. When installing the brake device 1 on the traveling body 3, the braking force of the brake device 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the spacer in the vertical direction z.

  For example, the spacer may be composed of a plurality of plates that are stacked in the vertical direction. According to this configuration, even after the brake device 1 is installed on the traveling body 3, the brake force of the brake device 1 can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of plate-like objects. 10 and 11 show a state in which the height adjusting mechanism 25 is composed of a plurality of plate-like spacers.

  The brake shoe 6 includes stoppers 22 that protrude from both ends of the traveling direction y of the brake shoe 6 on the upper surface of the first horizontal portion 16. This stopper 22 is comprised by the wall-shaped member orthogonal to the running direction y. Compared to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the inclination of the inclined surface 15 a of the recess 15 is increased, and the length of the first horizontal portion 16 in the traveling direction y is formed longer.

  When the traveling body 3 runs away during the operation of the brake device 1, the contact plate 24 moves in the horizontal direction while moving up along the recess 15 on the upper surface of the brake shoe 6, moves to the first horizontal portion 16, and then moves to the stopper 22. To touch. In FIG. 10, the contact plate 24 in contact with the stopper 22 is indicated by a broken line for explanation. After the contact plate 24 comes into contact with the stopper 22 and the traveling body 3 further escapes in the same direction, the brake shoe 6 is pushed by the contact plate 24 and moves integrally with the traveling body 3.

  With the configuration in which the stopper 22 is installed on the brake shoe 6 side, the configuration of the brake device 1 can be simplified, which is advantageous in reducing the number of parts. Further, by increasing the inclination of the inclined surface 15a of the hollow portion 15, when the traveling body 3 escapes, the rate at which the contact plate 24 rises with respect to the escape distance increases, so the braking force can be increased quickly. It is advantageous to stop the running body 3 from running away.

  The brake shoe 6 on which the stopper 22 is installed can also be employed in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. In this case, the stopper 22 installed on the traveling body 3 side is not necessary. Further, as illustrated in FIG. 10, the stopper 22 is installed in a state perpendicular to the first horizontal portion 16 of the brake shoe 6, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. The stopper 22 should just have the structure which can prevent the horizontal movement of the press part 5 (roller 11 or the contact plate 24). For example, the stopper 22 may be installed on the upper surface of the brake shoe 6 in a state where the stopper 22 has a steeper slope than the inclined surface 15 a of the hollow portion 15, so that the roller 11 or the like cannot be ridden on the stopper 22.

  As illustrated in FIG. 12, the inclined surface 15 a of the recessed portion 15 can be configured by a curved surface. According to this configuration, the braking force acting on the traveling body 3 can be gradually increased as illustrated in FIG. That is, it is possible to suppress the braking force from increasing suddenly and causing an impact due to sudden braking on the traveling body 3. Therefore, for example, the traveling body 3 can be allowed to escape a certain distance, and it is advantageous when it is not desirable that the traveling body 3 is impacted when the brake is operated.

  As illustrated in FIG. 12, the second horizontal portion 17, which is the lowest point where the hollow portion 15 is lowest, can be shifted from the center of the brake shoe 6 in the traveling direction y. According to this configuration, it is possible to provide the brake device 1 in which the way of increasing the braking force differs depending on the running direction of the traveling body 3.

  Even when the recess 15 is formed in a complicated shape such as a curved surface, the height difference h1 between the first horizontal portion 16 and the second horizontal portion 17 can be accurately determined. The maximum value of force can be determined uniquely. It is advantageous to suppress the variation in the maximum value of the braking force of each brake device 1 when the brake device 1 is manufactured.

  The stopper 22 is not limited to the configuration protruding upward from the brake shoe 6. What is necessary is just to have the contact surface which protrudes in the brake shoe 6 and can contact | abut with the contact plate 24. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 14, stoppers 22 are provided on both sides of the brake shoe 6 in the transverse direction x, and extend downward from both sides of the contact plate 24 in the transverse direction x. A possible contact member 24 a may be installed on the contact plate 24.

According to this configuration, when the contact plate 24 moves in the horizontal direction and reaches the vicinity of the end portion of the brake shoe 6, the contact member 24 a contacts the stopper 22, so that the contact plate 24 moves the end portion of the brake shoe 6. It is possible to avoid a situation in which the braking force of the braking device 1 is lost. Further, the contact members 24a arranged on both sides of the brake shoe 6 in the transverse direction x prevent the brake shoe 6 placed on the rail 2 from moving in the transverse direction x when the brake device 1 is operated, Since the brake shoe 6 can be restrained at an appropriate position on the rail 2, it is advantageous to obtain a stable braking force.

  When the pressing portion 5 is configured by the roller 11 or the like as illustrated in FIG. 2 or the like, the contact member 24a extending downward from both sides in the transverse direction x is installed on the holder 10 of the roller 11. It can also be set as the structure to do. Further, the stopper 22 is not limited to the configuration installed on the brake shoe 6 side, and is configured by a pair of stoppers 22 and the like that project from the traveling body 3 side toward the rail 2 as illustrated in FIG. You can also.

  As illustrated in FIG. 15, a guide portion 26 that prevents the brake shoe 6 from moving in the transverse direction x of the rail 2 may be installed. The guide portions 26 are disposed on both sides in the transverse direction x of the holder 10 and extend downward, and brake shoes installed at the lower ends of the columns 27 and parallel to the traveling direction y. 6 and a guide plate 28 disposed opposite to both side surfaces. The guide plate 28 is disposed with a gap between the guide plate 28 and the brake shoe 6. That is, the brake shoe 6 is disposed between the pair of guide plates 28. The support column 27 constituting the guide portion 26 may be configured such that its upper end is fixed to the traveling body 3.

  The distance between the pair of guide plates 28 in the transverse direction x is the length of the brake shoe 6 in the transverse direction x in order to suppress the wear of the brake shoes 6 and the guide plate 28 due to constant contact. It is desirable to set a little longer than this.

  By installing this guide portion 26, the brake shoe 6 placed on the rail 2 is prevented from moving in the transverse direction x when the brake device 1 is operated, and the brake shoe 6 is placed at an appropriate position on the rail 2. Stable braking force can be obtained by restraining.

  For example, when the brake device 1 is installed in a quay crane, the quay crane may vibrate in the transverse direction x, and thereby the pressing portion 5 may move in the transverse direction x. At this time, there is a possibility that the brake shoe 6 is pushed by the pressing portion 5 and moves in the transverse direction x and does not return to the original position. When the brake shoe 6 is pushed in the transverse direction x by the pressing part 5 and falls from the rail 2, or when the position of the transverse direction x with respect to the rail 2 is shifted and the contact area with the rail 2 is remarkably reduced, an appropriate brake is applied. Power cannot be obtained.

  In order to prevent the guide plate 28 from coming into contact with the rail 2 and being damaged when the traveling body 3 moves in the transverse direction x due to vibration or the like, the lower end of the guide plate 28 is It is desirable that the column 27 is installed in a state of being higher than the upper surface.

  The configuration of the guide portion 26 is not limited to the above, and any configuration may be used as long as the brake shoe 6 placed on the rail 2 is prevented from moving in the transverse direction x when the brake device 1 is operated. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 16, the roller 11 may be configured by a roller 11 with a flange, and the flange 29 may be used as the guide portion 26.

  The flange 29 is formed of an annular member projecting from the peripheral surface of the roller 11 in the outer peripheral direction, and is disposed at both ends of the roller 11 in the transverse direction x. The distance between the pair of flanges 29 is formed longer than the length of the brake shoe 6 in the transverse direction x. The brake shoe 6 is disposed between the pair of flanges 29 and is restrained from moving in the transverse direction x.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Brake apparatus 2 Rail 3 Traveling body 4 Telescopic mechanism 5 Press part 6 Brake shoe 7 Lifting mechanism 8 Support member 9 Spring member 10 Holder 11 Roller 12 Pin 13 Pin 14 Rotating shaft 15 Recessed part 15a Inclined surface 16 First horizontal part 17 Second horizontal portion 18 String-like object 18a Extension member 19 Winding portion 20 Guide portion 21 Contact member 22 Stopper 23 Tilt plate 24 Contact plate 24a Contact member 25 Height adjustment mechanism 26 Guide portion 27 Support column 28 Guide plate 29

Claims (4)

In a braking device for a traveling body traveling on a rail,
An expansion / contraction mechanism disposed below the traveling body and extending / contracting in the vertical direction, a pressing portion projecting from the expansion / contraction mechanism toward the rail, and disposed between the pressing portion and the rail and suspended by an elevating mechanism. With a suspended brake shoe,
A support member that extends downward from the traveling body; and a spring member that extends downward from the traveling body and is arranged side by side in the rail longitudinal direction. Have
The pressing portion is configured to be pivotally supported by the lower end of the support member and the lower end of the spring member, respectively, by a pin having a transverse direction that intersects the rail longitudinal direction at a right angle as an axial direction.
The brake shoe has a recess formed on the upper surface and horizontal portions formed on both sides of the recess in the longitudinal direction of the rail,
When the brake is operated, the brake shoe in the standby position is moved downward by the operation of the lifting mechanism so that the lower surface of the brake shoe and the upper surface of the rail are in contact with each other, and the traveling body moves along the rail The brake device is configured such that the pressing portion is in contact with the surface of the hollow portion and is movable to the horizontal portion.   The said pressing part is equipped with the holder supported by the lower end of the said supporting member and the lower end of the said spring member, and the roller hold | maintained at this holder, and makes the said horizontal direction a rotating shaft direction. Brake device.   The elevating mechanism includes a string-like object whose one end is directly or indirectly connected to the brake shoe, a winding upper part that is connected to the other end of the string-like object and winds and feeds the string-like object, and the brake shoe includes the The brake according to claim 1, further comprising: a guide portion that is disposed in the vicinity of the one end of the string-like object when in the standby position and restrains the string-like object at a predetermined position in the rail longitudinal direction. apparatus.   The brake device according to claim 3, wherein the elevating mechanism includes a contact member that contacts each horizontal portion of the brake shoe in the standby position.

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