JP6498897B2 - Brake device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a braking device for a traveling body such as a quay crane or a train traveling on a rail, and more particularly to a braking device capable of avoiding an overspec while increasing a braking force.

  Various brake devices for cranes traveling on rails have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). The brake device described in Patent Document 1 compresses the disc spring with a hydraulic cylinder when the brake is released, and releases the hydraulic cylinder when the brake is operated, so that the brake shoe installed at the lower end of the disc spring is railed by the restoring force of the disc spring. Press against the top surface to stop the crane.

  In the brake device described in Patent Document 1, in order to increase the braking force, both the disc spring and the hydraulic cylinder must be increased in size, which greatly increases the manufacturing cost of the brake device. In addition, since the disc spring repeatedly compresses and expands every time the crane is run and stopped, there is a possibility that the deterioration easily proceeds and breaks. If the disc spring breaks, the braking force of the brake device will be significantly reduced.

  The brake device described in Patent Literature 2 sandwiches the side surface of the rail with two brake shoes and rotates the cam to increase the force pressing the brake shoe against the rail, thereby stopping the crane. In order to increase the braking force, the brake device described in Patent Document 2 must increase the output of the motor by increasing the size of the motor, which greatly increases the manufacturing cost of the brake device. Even if the motor is increased in size, there is a limit to the force with which the rail is sandwiched between the brake shoes, and the braking force that can be obtained for the increase in the manufacturing cost of the brake device is small.

JP 2010-247944 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-72690

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a brake device capable of avoiding overspec while increasing the braking force.

  The brake device of the present invention for achieving the above object is a braking device for a traveling body that travels on a rail, a pressing portion that projects from the lower side of the traveling body toward the rail, and the pressing portion. A brake shoe disposed between the rails and suspended by an elevating mechanism, the brake shoe having a recess formed on the upper surface and horizontal portions formed on both sides of the recess in the longitudinal direction of the rail. When the brake is operated, the brake shoe in the standby position is moved downward by the operation of the lifting mechanism so that the lower surface of the brake shoe and the upper surface of the rail come into contact with each other, and the traveling body moves along the rail. In this case, the pressing portion is configured to be able to move to the horizontal portion in contact with the surface of the hollow portion.

  According to the present invention, when the pressing portion moves along the hollow portion and the horizontal portion formed in the brake shoe, the force for pressing the brake shoe can be gradually increased and thereafter kept constant. By providing this recess, the brake shoe can be pressed using the dead weight of the traveling body, so that the braking force of the brake device can be increased. By providing this horizontal portion, it is possible to determine the upper limit value of the force with which the pressing portion presses the brake shoe, so it is necessary to design the members constituting the brake device such as the pressing portion and the brake shoe with higher strength than necessary. There is no. Therefore, over-spec can be avoided while significantly improving the braking force of the brake device.

  Further, since the pressing portion moves to the horizontal portion, the brake shoe can be pressed against the rail with a constant force, so that the brake device can obtain a stable braking force.

  It is also possible to employ a configuration including a stopper that restrains the relative position of the brake shoe in the rail longitudinal direction with respect to the pressing portion within a predetermined range. According to this configuration, even when the traveling body moves a long distance when the brake is operated, the brake shoe is restrained by the stopper and moves on the rail together with the traveling body. Can be maintained.

  The stoppers are two wall-like members that project from the traveling body side toward the rail and are arranged on both sides of the brake shoe in the rail longitudinal direction, and the brake shoes are disposed on the inner wall surfaces that are opposite surfaces of the two wall-like members. It is also possible to have a configuration provided with contact surfaces that can contact each other.

  Further, the stoppers are two wall-like members that protrude from the horizontal portion of the brake shoe and are arranged at both ends in the rail longitudinal direction of the brake shoe. On the inner wall surface that is the opposing surface of the two wall-like members It can also be set as the structure each provided with the contact surface which can contact | abut with a press part. According to this structure, since the stopper is installed in the brake shoe, it is advantageous to reduce the number of parts of the brake device and simplify the structure.

  The pressing unit may include a roller having a horizontal direction perpendicular to the rail longitudinal direction as a rotation axis direction. According to this configuration, the frictional force generated between the pressing portion and the brake shoe can be reduced, and the brake shoe can be prevented from being dragged by the pressing portion and moving in the rail longitudinal direction when the brake is operated. Since the pressing portion can quickly move on the upper surface of the brake shoe to generate a braking force, the brake device can quickly exhibit a stable braking force.

  In a brake device for a traveling body that travels on a rail, the brake device projects from a lower portion of the traveling body toward the rail, and is disposed between the pressing portion and the rail and is suspended by an elevating mechanism. A brake shoe and a stopper that restrains the relative position of the brake shoe in the longitudinal direction of the rail with respect to the pressing portion within a predetermined range, the brake shoe has a recess formed on the upper surface, and is in a standby position when the brake is operated. The lower part of the brake shoe is moved downward by the operation of the lifting mechanism so that the lower surface of the brake shoe and the upper surface of the rail come into contact with each other, and when the traveling body moves along the rail, the pressing part contacts the surface of the recessed part. It can also be configured to move in contact.

  According to this configuration, the pressing force is gradually increased by moving the pressing portion along the recess portion, and the pressing force is made constant after the pressing portion or the brake shoe contacts the stopper. Can do. In other words, by providing the stopper, the upper limit value of the force with which the pressing portion presses the brake shoe can be determined, so that it is possible to avoid over-specifying each member constituting the brake device.

It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the brake device of this invention by a side view. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the brake device of FIG. 1 in AA cross section. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which moved the brake shoe to the operation position. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the brake device of FIG. 3 in a BB cross section. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which the press part contacted the hollow part. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which the press part contacted the horizontal part. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the state which the brake shoe contacted the stopper. It is a graph which illustrates the relationship between escape distance and brake force. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates different embodiment of a brake device. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the brake device of FIG. 9 in CC cross section. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the modification of a brake shoe. 12 is a graph illustrating the relationship between the escape distance and the braking force in the brake shoe shown in FIG. 11. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the modification of a stopper. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates embodiment which installed the guide part in the brake device. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the brake device of FIG. 14 in DD cross section. It is explanatory drawing which illustrates the modification of a guide part.

  Hereinafter, the brake device of the present invention will be described based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.

  As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 7, the brake device 1 of the present invention includes a top plate 3 fixed to a lower surface of a traveling body 2 such as a quay crane and a train, and a spring mechanism 4 below the top plate 3. And a brake shoe 7 disposed below the pressing portion 5 and suspended from the top plate 3 by the lifting mechanism 6.

  The pressing portion 5 protrudes from the lower surface of the traveling body 2 toward the laid rail 8. In this embodiment, the pressing portion 5 includes a roller 9 having a horizontal direction orthogonal to the rail 8 as a rotation axis direction, and a holder 10 that supports the roller 9 in a rotatable state from both side surfaces of the roller 9. Yes.

  The holder 10 is installed on the lower surface of the top plate 3 via a spring mechanism 4 that expands and contracts in the vertical direction. The spring mechanism 4 is composed of, for example, a disc spring in which a plurality of spring mechanisms are overlapped. The spring mechanism 4 is not limited to this configuration, and may have a configuration capable of moving the pressing portion 5 in the vertical direction. For example, the spring mechanism 4 may be configured by a plate spring or a coil spring.

  The brake shoe 7 disposed between the roller 9 constituting the pressing portion 5 and the rail 8 includes a recess portion 11 formed on the upper surface thereof, and horizontal portions formed on both sides of the recess portion 11 in the rail longitudinal direction y. Twelve. The hollow portion 11 is formed as a flat slope that is inclined upward from the lowest position of the central portion of the brake shoe 7 in the rail longitudinal direction y toward the horizontal portion 12. The lower surface of the brake shoe 7 is formed in a flat shape.

  For example, in the case of the brake device 1 installed in a quay crane, the length of the brake shoe 7 in the rail longitudinal direction y is, for example, about 500 to 1000 mm, and the length of the brake shoe 7 in the width direction x is greater than the width of the rail 8. Also be long or similar.

The brake shoe 7 is suspended from the top plate 3 so as to be movable in the vertical direction by the elevating mechanism 6. In this embodiment, the elevating mechanism 6 has a swing arm 13 whose one end is pivotally supported by the top plate 3, a wire 14 whose upper end is connected to the other end of the swing arm 13, and a width direction x of the brake shoe 7. And a connecting portion 15 connected to the lower end of the wire 14.

  The swing arm 13 can move the brake shoe 7 connected to the wire 14 via the connecting portion 15 in the vertical direction by tilting in the vertical direction around a fulcrum pivotally supported by the top plate 3. . The swing arm 13 may be configured to be pivotally supported by the traveling body 2.

  The structure of this raising / lowering mechanism 6 is not limited to the above, What is necessary is just a structure which can move the brake shoe 7 to an up-down direction. For example, a drum for winding and unwinding the wire 14 is installed and the drum shoe is rotated to move the brake shoe 7 in the vertical direction, and a telescopic mechanism such as a hydraulic cylinder is provided between the top plate 3 and the brake shoe 7. The brake shoe 7 can be configured to move in the vertical direction by disposing the expansion / contraction mechanism in between.

  On both sides of the brake shoe 7 in the rail longitudinal direction y, stoppers 16 for restraining the brake shoe 7 within a predetermined range are provided. In this embodiment, the stopper 16 includes a column 17 extending downward from the top plate 3 and a wall-like member 18 installed at the lower end of the column 17.

  The inner wall surface, which is the opposing surface of the two wall-shaped members 18, is contactable with the brake shoe 7 when the brake shoe 7 moves relative to the traveling body 2 in the rail longitudinal direction y. A contact surface 18a is formed. The distance between the end portion of the brake shoe 7 and the contact surface 18a in the rail longitudinal direction y is, for example, about 150 to 300 mm. Note that the brake device 1 may be configured such that the stopper 16 is not installed. In addition, the stopper 16, the spring mechanism 4, and the suspension mechanism 6 can be directly installed on the traveling body 2 without installing the top plate 3.

  Next, the operation of the brake device 1 will be described. For example, when the traveling body 2 such as a quay crane travels along the rail 8, the brake device 1 is in a state of releasing the brake. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the brake shoe 7 at the time of releasing the brake is in a standby position suspended from the traveling body 2 side by the lifting mechanism 6.

  In order to avoid the brake shoe 7 and the rail 8 coming into contact with each other when the traveling body 2 travels and the brake shoe 7 and the like are worn away, the lower surface of the brake shoe 7 in this standby position does not contact the upper surface of the rail 8. It is desirable to be in a state.

  When a quay crane or the like completes the movement to a predetermined position and performs a cargo handling operation or the like, the brake device 1 is operated. As illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, when the brake is operated, the end of the swing arm 13 to which the wire 14 is connected is tilted downward so that the wire 14 is slackened so that the lower surface of the brake shoe 7 is the upper surface of the rail 8. The brake shoe 7 is moved downward to an operating position in contact with.

At this time, the upper surface of the brake shoe 7 and the peripheral surface of the roller 9 constituting the pressing portion 5 are not in contact with each other, and no force compressing the spring mechanism 4 is generated, and stress or the like in the vertical direction z is also generated on the brake shoe 7. Not. That is, since the vertical load _FN is not generated in the brake shoe 7, the brake force of the brake device 1 becomes zero as illustrated in FIG.

  When the brake is activated and the quay crane or the like moves away from a predetermined position due to wind or vibration, the brake shoe 7 placed on the rail 8 remains on the spot, and the traveling body 2 The pressing part 5 fixed to the side moves in the rail longitudinal direction y.

  As illustrated in FIG. 5, when the pressing portion 5 moves in the rail longitudinal direction y together with the traveling body 2, the peripheral surface of the roller 9 constituting the pressing portion 5 is the surface of the hollow portion 11 formed on the upper surface of the brake shoe 7. After that, the roller 9 moves upward along the recess 11 while rotating. That is, the roller 9 moves in the rail longitudinal direction y according to the escape distance of the traveling body 2, and is pushed up along the surface of the recess 11 with this movement.

At this time, the spring mechanism 4 composed of a disc spring or the like contracts according to the height at which the roller 9 is pushed up. Since the roller 9 in accordance with the restoring force of the spring mechanism 4 pushes the brake shoe 7 downward, vertical load F _N caused the roller 9 and the brake shoe 7 and the rail 8 increases. The friction force generated between the circumferential surface and the upper surface of the brake shoe 7 of the vertical load F with increasing _N rollers 9, the friction force increases occurring between the upper surface of the lower surface and the rail 8 of the brake shoe 7 To go.

Since the frictional force between the brake shoe 7 lower surface and the rail 8 top with an increase in the vertical load F _N occurring in the brake shoe 7 is increased, the brake shoe 7 easily maintain the relative position with respect to the rail 8. That is, even if the brake shoe 7 is pushed by the horizontal force received from the pressing portion 5, it does not move on the rail 8 and tries to stay there.

  Since the pressing portion 5 installed on the traveling body 2 side with respect to the brake shoe 7 tends to move in the horizontal direction, when the pressing portion 5 moves upward on the slope of the recess portion 11, A frictional force generated between the hollow portion 11 acts on the traveling body 2 as a braking force.

At this time, the respective members are designed so that the friction coefficient μ _A between the peripheral surface of the roller 9 and the brake shoe 7 is smaller than the friction coefficient μ _B between the brake shoe 7 and the rail 8. . By pressing unit 5 is configured to include a roller 9, it can be easily reduced than the frictional coefficient mu _B the friction coefficient mu _A between the pressing portion 5 and the brake shoe 7.

Roller 9, the brake shoe 7 and the rail 8, the vertical load F _N of the same magnitude in the vertical direction z is generated. Therefore, the magnitude of the braking force of the brake device 1 generated due to the runaway of the traveling body 2 depends on the magnitude of the frictional force between the peripheral surface of the roller 9 and the brake shoe 7. It is expressed by the product of the vertical load F _N and the friction coefficient mu _a vertical z occurring like.

As illustrated in FIG. 8, when the pressing portion 5 is in contact with the hollow portion 11, the braking force increases according to the escape distance of the traveling body 2. When the running force of the traveling body 2 exceeds the braking force, the roller 9 further moves upward on the slope of the recessed portion 11 and eventually reaches the horizontal portion 12 as illustrated in FIG. When the roller 9 reaches the horizontal portion 12, vertical load F _N in the vertical direction z occurring brake shoe 7 so that there is no to further contract the spring mechanism 4 is constant. Since the braking force of the brake device 1 is obtained by integrating the vertical load F _N and the friction coefficient μ _A that are constant values, the braking force is a constant value F _A as illustrated in FIG.

When traveling body 2 than the braking force F _A as illustrated in FIG. 7 is greater in power to escape, the brake shoe 7 does not stop escape of the running body 2 abuts against the abutment surface 18a of the stopper 16 . The brake shoe 7 in contact with the stopper 16 is pushed in the horizontal direction by the stopper 16 and moves in the rail longitudinal direction y together with the traveling body 2 while maintaining the state in contact with the stopper 16.

At this time, the elevating mechanism 6 is configured not to inhibit the brake shoe 7 from moving relative to the pressing portion 5 in the rail longitudinal direction y and coming into contact with the stopper 16. For example, the lengths of the swing arm 13 and the wire 14 constituting the lifting mechanism 6 can be moved upward to a height at which the brake shoe 7 does not contact the rail 8 when the brake shoe 7 is in the standby position. The shoe 7 is moved to a position where it abuts against the stopper 16.

  The lifting mechanism 6 is not limited to this configuration, and a known configuration may be adopted as long as the lifting mechanism 6 has a configuration in which the brake shoe 7 is moved to the standby position and can be moved to a position where the brake shoe 7 contacts the stopper 16 when the brake is operated. it can.

  For example, when the lifting mechanism 6 includes a drum that winds and feeds the wire 14, the wire 14 is fed when the brake shoe 7 moves relative to the pressing portion 5 in the rail longitudinal direction y. The wire 14 having a sufficient length can be drawn out in advance. When the elevating mechanism 6 includes a telescopic mechanism such as a hydraulic cylinder, the telescopic mechanism can be fixed to the top plate 3 and the brake shoe 7 in a state in which the telescopic mechanism can tilt in the rail longitudinal direction y.

When the brake shoe 7 and the stopper 16 come into contact with each other, the brake shoe 7 moves integrally with the traveling body 2 in the running direction of the traveling body 2. That is, the brake shoe 7 is apparently fixed to the traveling body 2 side. Therefore, as illustrated in FIG. 8, the braking force of the brake device 1 when the brake shoe 7 is in contact with the stopper 16 is the friction coefficient μ _B between the lower surface of the brake shoe 7 and the upper surface of the rail 8 and the vertical direction z. because of is determined by integration of the vertical load F _N, the braking force becomes F _B constant value.

Braking force of the brake device 1, the friction coefficient mu _B between the friction coefficient mu _A or the brake shoe 7 lower surface and the rail 8 the upper surface of between 9 peripheral surface roller and the brake shoe 7 top occurs brake shoes 7, etc. it can be determined by integration of the vertical load F _N. That braking force of the brake device 1, since the vertical load F _N by utilizing the weight of the traveling body 2 can easily be increased, thereby significantly increasing the braking force.

In addition, by providing a horizontal portion 12 on the brake shoe 7 top may define the upper limit of the normal load F _N beforehand. Therefore, the strength and the like of the members constituting the brake device 1 such as the spring mechanism 4, the pressing portion 5, and the brake shoe 7 can be determined within an appropriate range, and it is possible to avoid that these members become overspec.

Due to vibration or the like generated in the traveling body 2 is roller 9 on the horizontal portion 12, since the braking force F _A is not changed even when moved in the traveling direction of the opposite side, the brake device 1 exhibits a stable braking force It will be advantageous.

In the embodiment for installing the stopper 16, when the escape forces of the running body 2 is unable to stop the escape of the running body 2 exceeds the braking force F _A, the roller 9 and the end to move the upper surface of the brake shoe 7 It is possible to avoid exceeding and exceeding the braking force. For example, when the brake device 1 is installed on the traveling body 2 where the maximum value of the assumed escape distance is not so large, the stopper 16 may not be installed on the brake device 1.

When the brake shoe 7 is moved together with the traveling body 2 in contact with the stopper 16 is obtained is large braking force F _B than the braking force F _A generated between the pressing portion 5 and the brake shoe 7. In embodiments thereof for installing the stopper 16, it is possible to determine the intensity of the member or the like constituting the brake apparatus 1 in accordance with the magnitude of the braking force F _B in the appropriate range, these members overspecification Can be avoided.

Here, since the maximum value of the brake force F _A generated between the roller 9 and the brake shoe 7 and the brake force F _B generated between the brake shoe 7 and the rail 8 is the same as the value of the vertical load F _N , It depends on the values of the respective friction coefficients μ _A and μ _B.

When the traveling body 2 does not run away even when the brake device 1 is operated, the vertical load _FN is not generated in the brake shoe 7 and the like. That is, since a load is generated only when the traveling body 2 runs away from the spring mechanism 4, the pressing portion 5, and the brake shoe 7, it is advantageous for suppressing deterioration of these members. Similarly, the other members constituting the brake device 1 are also advantageous in suppressing deterioration of these members because the stress is generated only when the traveling body 2 escapes during braking.

The rail 8 may have a deflection of about ± 3.0 mm in the vertical direction z. In the embodiment in which the spring mechanism 4 is installed, the deflection can be absorbed by the expansion and contraction of the spring mechanism 4. Can obtain a stable braking force. Even though placed a spring mechanism 4, the vertical load F _N occurring in the brake shoe 7 and the like via the spring mechanism 4 is readily increase the braking force of the brake device 1 since it greatly depending on the own weight of the traveling body 2 be able to. For example, when the assumed deflection of the rail 8 is not so large, such as the assumed total rail length is short, a configuration in which the spring mechanism 4 is not installed in the brake device 1 may be employed.

When the brake device 1 is restored, the roller 9 is moved below the recess 11 by causing the traveling body 2 to travel in the direction opposite to the escape direction. Thereby the spring mechanism 4 is extended, it can release the brake to release the vertical load F _N that occurs in the vertical direction z of the brake shoe 7. Thereafter, by tilting the swing arm 13 upward, the brake shoe 7 is moved to the standby position, the contact between the lower surface of the brake shoe 7 and the upper surface of the rail 8 is released, and the restoration work of the brake device 1 is completed. After the restoration work of the brake device 1 is completed, the traveling body 2 can travel in any direction.

  A position sensor that detects the position of the brake shoe 7 with respect to the pressing portion 5 may be installed in order to detect whether or not the traveling body 2 has escaped and its direction when the brake device 1 is restored. This position sensor can be constituted by, for example, a laser scanner or the like that is installed on the top plate 3 or the pressing portion 5 and irradiates a plurality of laser beams along a rail 8 serving as an opposing surface to measure the distance. The position where the brake shoe 7 is placed on the rail 8 can be specified from a plurality of distance values obtained by the laser scanner. As a result, it is possible to know whether or not the traveling body 2 needs to travel when releasing the brake, and if necessary, to know the direction in which the traveling body 2 travels. Can do.

The pressing portion 5 of the brake device 1 according to the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 10 is provided so as to project downward from the vertical movement plate 19 fixed below the spring mechanism 4 and from the lower surface of the vertical movement plate 19. The contact plate 20 is provided. This contact plate 20 is comprised by the plate-shaped member by which a lower end is processed into a curved surface. The lower end of the contact plate 20 and the brake so that the friction coefficient μ _A between the contact plate 20 and the upper surface of the brake shoe 7 is smaller than the friction coefficient μ _B between the lower surface of the brake shoe 7 and the upper surface of the rail 8. The upper and lower surfaces of the shoe 7 are processed.

For example it is possible to configure the contact plate 20 to the lower end and the brake shoe 7 top by placing a fluororesin or nylon resin reduces the friction coefficient mu _A. Further, when the brake device 1 is operated, it is possible to supply the lubricating oil or the like from the lower end portion of the contact plate 20 toward the upper surface of the brake shoe 7. By performing the processing of roughening the brake shoe 7 the lower surface of the surface, it may have a configuration that increases the friction coefficient mu _B between the rails 8 top.

  The brake shoe 7 of this embodiment includes a recess 11 formed on the upper surface thereof, horizontal portions 12 formed on both sides of the recess 11 in the longitudinal direction of the rail y, and the upper surface of the horizontal portion 12 and the rail longitudinal direction. And stoppers 21 projecting from both ends of the brake shoe 7 in the direction y. This stopper 21 is comprised by the wall-shaped member. Moreover, compared with embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1-7, the inclination of the inclined surface of the hollow part 11 is enlarged, and the length of the horizontal part 12 in the rail longitudinal direction y is formed long.

  If the traveling body 2 runs away during the operation of the brake device 1, the contact plate 20 moves in the horizontal direction while moving up along the recess 11 on the upper surface of the brake shoe 7, moves to the horizontal portion 12, and then contacts the stopper 21. . In FIG. 9, the contact plate 20 in contact with the stopper 21 is indicated by a broken line for explanation. After the contact plate 20 comes into contact with the stopper 21 and the traveling body 2 further escapes in the same direction, the brake shoe 7 is pushed by the contact plate 20 and moves integrally with the traveling body 2.

  The configuration in which the stopper 21 is formed on the brake shoe 7 side can simplify the configuration of the brake device 1 and is advantageous in reducing the number of parts. Further, by increasing the inclination of the inclined surface of the depression 11, when the traveling body 2 escapes, the ratio of the contact plate 20 rising with respect to the escape distance increases, so that the traveling force can be increased by rapidly increasing the braking force. It is advantageous to stop the runaway of 2.

  The brake shoe 7 in which the stopper 21 is formed can also be employed in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. In this case, the stopper 16 composed of the support column 17 and the wall member 18 is not necessary. Further, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the stopper 21 is installed in a state of being perpendicular to the horizontal portion 12 of the brake shoe 7, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. The stopper 21 should just have the structure which can prevent the horizontal movement of the press part 5 (roller 9 or contact plate 20). For example, the stopper 21 may be installed on the upper surface of the brake shoe 7 in a state where the stopper 21 has an inclination that is steeper than the inclination of the recessed portion 11, so that the roller 9 or the like cannot run on the stopper 21.

  As illustrated in FIG. 11, the recess 11 can be formed into a concave curved surface. According to this configuration, the braking force acting on the traveling body 2 can be gradually increased as illustrated in FIG. That is, it is possible to suppress a sudden increase in the braking force and an impact caused by the sudden braking on the traveling body 2. Therefore, for example, the traveling body 2 can be allowed to escape a certain distance, which is advantageous when it is not desirable that the traveling body 2 is impacted during braking.

Alternatively, the horizontal portion 12 may not be formed on the upper surface of the brake shoe 7, and the stoppers 21 protruding upward may be formed on both sides of the recess portion 11 in the rail longitudinal direction. According to this configuration, when the traveling body 2 escapes during braking, the contact plate 20 moves in the horizontal direction while ascending the depression 11 and then contacts the stopper 21. After contact plate 20 contacts the stopper 21, the contact plate 20 does not move upward, the brake device 1 as illustrated in FIG. 12 can generate a constant braking force F _B. That is, since the upper limit value of the braking force can be determined in advance, it is possible to appropriately design the strength of members such as the brake shoe 7 constituting the brake device 1 and avoid over-spec.

  The lowest point of the depression 11 that is the lowest can be set at a position shifted from the center of the brake shoe 7 in the rail longitudinal direction y. According to this configuration, it is possible to provide the brake device 1 in which the way of increasing the braking force differs depending on the running direction of the traveling body 2.

The stopper 21 is not limited to the configuration protruding upward from the brake shoe 7. What is necessary is just to have the contact surface which protrudes in the brake shoe 7 and can contact | abut with the contact plate 20. FIG. For example, FIG.
3, stoppers 21 project from both sides of the brake shoe 7 in the width direction x, extend downward from both sides of the contact plate 20 in the width direction x, and can come into contact with the stopper 21. A configuration in which the contact member 20 a is installed on the contact plate 20 can also be adopted.

  According to this configuration, when the contact plate 20 moves in the horizontal direction and reaches the vicinity of the end portion of the brake shoe 7, the contact member 20 a contacts the stopper 21, so that the contact plate 20 contacts the end portion of the brake shoe 7. It is possible to avoid a situation in which the braking force of the braking device 1 is lost. The contact members 20a disposed on both sides of the brake shoe 7 in the width direction x prevent the brake shoe 7 placed on the rail 8 from moving in the width direction x when the brake device 1 is operated. Since the brake shoe 7 can be restrained at an appropriate upper position, it is advantageous to obtain a stable braking force.

  When the pressing portion 5 is constituted by a roller 9 or the like as illustrated in FIG. 1 or the like, an abutting member extending downward from both sides in the width direction x is installed on the holder 10 of the roller 9. It can also be configured. The stopper 21 is not limited to the configuration installed on the brake shoe 7 side, and is configured by two wall-shaped members 18 projecting from the traveling body 2 side toward the rail 8 as illustrated in FIG. You can also.

  As illustrated in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, a guide portion 22 that prevents the brake shoe 7 from moving in the width direction x of the rail 8 may be installed. In this embodiment, the guide portion 22 has two struts 23 extending downward from the holder 10 and lower end portions of the struts 23 so as to be able to face and contact both side surfaces of the brake shoe 7 parallel to the rail longitudinal direction y. And a guide plate 24 installed in each. That is, the brake shoe 7 is placed between the two guide plates 24. The support 23 constituting the guide portion 22 may be configured such that the upper end thereof is fixed to the traveling body 2 or the top plate 3.

  The distance between the two guide plates 24 is set to be slightly longer than the length of the brake shoe 7 in the width direction x in order to prevent the brake shoes 7 and the guide plate 24 from constantly wearing each other. It is desirable to do.

  By installing the guide portion 22, the brake shoe 7 placed on the rail 8 is prevented from moving in the width direction x when the brake device 1 is operated, and the brake shoe 7 is restrained at an appropriate position on the rail 8. By doing so, a stable braking force can be obtained.

  For example, when the brake device 1 is installed in a quay crane, the quay crane may vibrate in the rail width direction x, and thereby the pressing portion 5 may move in the rail width direction x. At this time, the brake shoe 7 may be pushed in the rail width direction x by being pushed by the pressing portion 5. When the brake shoe 7 is pushed in the width direction x by the pressing portion 5 and falls from the rail 8, or when the position in the width direction x with respect to the rail 8 is shifted and the contact area with the rail 8 is remarkably reduced, an appropriate brake is applied. Power cannot be obtained.

  In order to prevent the guide plate 24 from coming into contact with the rail 8 and being damaged when the traveling body 2 moves in the rail width direction x due to vibration or the like, the lower end of the guide plate 24 is at the rail 8. It is desirable to be installed on the column 23 in a state of being higher than the upper surface.

  At this time, considering the deflection of the rail 8 in the vertical direction z, for example, if the deflection of the rail 8 is ± 30 mm, the lower end of the guide plate 24 is the upper surface of the rail 8 when the upper surface of the rail 8 is at the highest position. The guide plate 24 is installed in a higher position.

The configuration of the guide portion 22 is not limited to the above, and any configuration may be used as long as the brake shoe 7 placed on the rail 8 is prevented from moving in the rail width direction x when the brake is operated. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 16, the roller 9 may be configured by a roller 9 with a flange, and the flange 25 may be used as the guide portion 22.

  The flange 25 is formed of an annular member projecting from the peripheral surface of the roller 9 in the outer peripheral direction, and is disposed at both ends of the roller 9 in the width direction x. The distance between the two flanges 25 is longer than the length of the brake shoe 7 in the width direction x. The brake shoe 7 is disposed between the two flanges 25 and is restrained from moving in the width direction x.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Brake apparatus 2 Traveling body 3 Top plate 4 Spring mechanism 5 Pressing part 6 Elevating mechanism 7 Brake shoe 8 Rail 9 Roller 10 Holder 11 Recessed part 12 Horizontal part 13 Swing arm 14 Wire 15 Connecting part 16 Stopper 17 Strut 18 Wall-shaped member 18a Contact surface 19 Vertical moving plate 20 Contact plate 20a Contact member 21 Stopper 22 Guide portion 23 Support column 24 Guide plate 25 Head

Claims (8)

In a braking device for a traveling body that travels on a rail, a pressing portion that protrudes from the lower portion of the traveling body toward the rail, and is disposed between the pressing portion and the rail and is suspended by an elevating mechanism. A brake shoe, the brake shoe has a recess formed on the upper surface and horizontal portions formed on both sides of the recess in the longitudinal direction of the rail,
When the brake is operated, the brake shoe in the standby position is moved downward by the operation of the lifting mechanism so that the lower surface of the brake shoe and the upper surface of the rail are in contact with each other, and when the traveling body moves along the rail The brake device, wherein the pressing portion is configured to move to the horizontal portion by contacting the surface of the hollow portion.   The brake device of Claim 1 provided with the stopper which restrains the relative position in the said rail longitudinal direction of the said brake shoe with respect to the said press part in the predetermined range. The stoppers are two wall-like members that protrude from the traveling body side toward the rail and are arranged on both sides of the brake shoe in the rail longitudinal direction;
The brake device according to claim 2, wherein a contact surface that can contact the brake shoe is provided on an inner wall surface that is a surface facing the two wall-shaped members. The stoppers are two wall-like members that protrude from the horizontal portion of the brake shoe and are disposed at both ends of the brake shoe in the rail longitudinal direction;
The brake device according to claim 2, wherein each of the two wall-like members includes an abutting surface capable of abutting against the pressing portion on an inner wall surface serving as an opposing surface. In a braking device for a traveling body that travels on a rail, a pressing portion that protrudes from the lower portion of the traveling body toward the rail, and is disposed between the pressing portion and the rail and is suspended by an elevating mechanism. A brake shoe and a stopper that restrains the relative position of the brake shoe in the longitudinal direction of the rail with respect to the pressing portion within a predetermined range, and the stopper is installed on the brake shoe. The brake shoe has a recess formed on the upper surface,
When the brake is operated, the brake shoe in the standby position is moved downward by the operation of the lifting mechanism so that the lower surface of the brake shoe and the upper surface of the rail are in contact with each other, and when the traveling body moves along the rail The brake device, wherein the pressing portion moves in contact with a surface of the recess portion. Before SL and lifting mechanism has a structure to move only in the vertical direction the brake shoes,
The brake device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein only the brake shoe in the standby position is moved downward by the operation of the lifting mechanism when the brake is operated. During braking operation by the downward movement by the operation of the elevating mechanism the brake shoe in the standby position, a state in which the upper surface of the lower surface and the rail of the brake shoe comes into contact, with the upper surface of the brake shoe and the pressing portion The brake device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the pressing portion moves in contact with the surface of the recess when the traveling body moves along the rail. .   The brake device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the pressing portion includes a roller having a horizontal direction orthogonal to the rail longitudinal direction as a rotation axis direction.

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