JP2017119953A - Building method using reverse out method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology capable of efficiently constructing an underground building part while sufficiently providing a process shortening effect using a simultaneous construction of a building part and a ground building part.SOLUTION: Relating to a building method using a reverse out method, a temporary opening part A which extends over a plurality of post spans S is formed at a floor part 11A which is on an upper floor side than a bottom floor in a portion constructed by the reverse out method in a building B, and under a condition where the temporary opening part A is being formed, a construction work at a floor just under the floor where the temporary opening part A is formed is carried out.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction method using a reverse driving method.

In the reverse driving method, first, a retaining wall is formed on the outer periphery of the construction part of the underground building, and after the main pillar of the underground building is driven into the ground as a construction pillar, the excavation work of the ground and the construction pillar It is a construction method that constructs the underground building part in order toward the lower floor side while supporting the mountain retaining wall in the building frame on the upper floor side by repeating the frame construction work for building the beam and the floor part while supporting it.
By using this reverse driving method, it is possible to omit the underground beam, and the entire construction period can be achieved by simultaneously constructing the underground building part and the above ground building part while supporting the load of the above ground building part on the construction pillar. Can be greatly shortened.

  When such a reverse driving method is used, excavation work or the like is performed in a height restriction between the previously constructed upper floor portion and the lower floor portion. However, for example, when the ground to be excavated is hard ground such as rock, and it takes a long time with a normal excavator, it is desirable to use a large excavator that requires a working space whose height exceeds the height limit. Sometimes.

  Therefore, in the underground building part, the outer peripheral part other than the central part in plan view over a plurality of column spans is the part constructed by the reverse hammering method, and the outer circumference constructed by constructing only the outer peripheral part by the reverse hammering method. A construction method has been proposed in which a large space that is open to the ground is formed in the central portion while supporting the mountain retaining wall at the portion (see Patent Document 1 below). In this construction method, the central part of the underground building part is constructed by the forward construction method toward the upper floor side after forming the outer peripheral part.

JP 2012-107430 A

In the technology described in Patent Document 1, when constructing an underground building, a large excavator can be used using a large space in the center, so excavation is possible even when the ground is hard ground such as rock. Work can be performed efficiently.
However, since the outer peripheral part other than the central part of the underground building part is a part to be constructed by the reverse driving method, and the central part of the underground building part is constructed by the forward construction method after forming the outer peripheral part, the underground building part and the ground When carrying out the simultaneous construction of the building part, the center part side of the ground building part cannot be properly supported.
Therefore, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, the construction work of the above-ground building part is restricted, and there is a problem that the construction period shortening effect by the simultaneous construction of the underground building part and the above-ground building part becomes insufficient.

  In view of this situation, the main problem of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of efficiently constructing an underground building part while sufficiently obtaining the work period shortening effect by simultaneous construction of the underground building part and the above ground building part. It is in.

The first characteristic configuration of the present invention is a construction method using a reverse driving method,
A temporary opening spanning a plurality of column spans is formed on the floor portion on the upper floor side from the lowermost floor in the part to be constructed by the reverse driving method in the building,
The construction work is performed on the floor immediately below the floor on which the temporary opening is formed while leaving the temporary opening.

According to the above configuration, a temporary opening spanning a plurality of column spans is formed in the floor portion in the portion constructed by the reverse driving method, so the ground building portion is formed on the structural pillar of the portion constructed by the reverse driving method. While the simultaneous construction of the underground building portion and the ground building portion can be appropriately performed in the state of supporting, a large space extending above and below the temporary opening portion can be formed on the floor immediately below the temporary opening portion. And the construction work of the floor immediately under the temporary opening can be efficiently carried out by using a large space extending above and below the temporary opening and using a large excavator or the like.
Therefore, it is possible to efficiently construct the underground building part while the effect of shortening the work period by the simultaneous construction of the underground building part and the ground building part is sufficiently obtained.

  The second characteristic configuration of the present invention resides in that the temporary opening is formed in the floor portion on the lower floor side than the floor on which the floor portion is constructed without forming the temporary opening portion.

  According to the said structure, the floor which does not form such a temporary opening in a floor exists in the upper floor side of the floor which formed the said temporary opening in the floor. Therefore, the construction work of the above-mentioned ground building part can be carried out efficiently by using the floor part on the upper floor side where the temporary opening is not present as the work floor of the construction work of the above ground building part. Therefore, the construction period shortening effect by simultaneous construction of the underground building part and the ground building part can be further improved.

According to a third characteristic configuration of the present invention, the temporary opening is formed in a state where the construction pillar is located inside,
In the state where it is supported by the stem column located inside the temporary opening, a cut beam is extended between the opposing edges of the temporary opening.

  According to the above-mentioned configuration, by making the beam between the edges in the temporary opening, it compensates for the decrease in rigidity of the underground building part due to the formation of the temporary opening, and appropriately secures the support force for the mountain retaining wall. can do. In addition, since the beam is supported by a strong structural pillar, which is a permanent column located inside the temporary opening, a separate support member such as a temporary column is not required, and a safe and efficient beam structure is provided. be able to.

According to a fourth characteristic configuration of the present invention, the cut beam is configured as a concentrated cut beam in which a plurality of beam members are arranged, and the frame column located inside the temporary opening is sandwiched between the plurality of beam members. And supporting the construction pillar,
The concentrated cutting beam is installed in a state in which a reaction force is received at a capital portion formed at a connection portion between the erection column and the slab on the edge side of the temporary opening.

According to the above configuration, the cut beam provided in the temporary opening is a high-rigidity concentrated cut beam in which a plurality of beams are arranged. Therefore, one cut beam (concentrated cut beam) is interposed between the edges of the temporary opening. A large tension force can be applied. Therefore, it becomes possible to widen the installation interval of the cut beams, and it is possible to suppress the cut beams from interfering during the construction work on the lower floor side using the space above and below the temporary opening.
In addition, the beam is supported by the beam in a state where the beam is positioned between a plurality of beam members, so that an eccentric load is not easily applied to the beam. The beam can be supported in a well-balanced manner, and the relative posture (support posture) between the beam and the structural pillar can be appropriately maintained by a plurality of beam members sandwiching the structural column.

Vertical section showing the construction status of the building Vertical section showing the construction status of the building Horizontal sectional view of the main part of the floor where the temporary opening is formed Enlarged longitudinal section showing the installation situation of concentrated beams

An embodiment of a construction method using a reverse driving method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
This construction method can be suitably applied when building a building B provided with the underground building part 10 and the ground building part 20 indicated by dotted lines in FIG. In this case, the underground building part 10 can be constructed by using the reverse driving method constructed sequentially in the downward direction, and the ground building part 20 can be constructed in the upward direction in parallel.
And when this construction method constructs the underground building part 10 by the reverse driving method, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, it is an upper floor side from the lowest floor in the part constructed by the reverse driving method. The floor building slab (an example of the floor) 11A is formed with temporary openings A that span a plurality of column spans S (column spacing, hereinafter simply referred to as spans), thereby efficiently constructing the underground building 10 Can be implemented.
Hereinafter, the outline of the construction method will be described first, and then the details of the temporary opening A will be described.

(About the outline of the building method)
FIG. 1 shows an initial construction state of the construction method. As shown in FIG. 1, first, prior to excavation work of the ground G, a retaining wall K is constructed on the outer periphery side of the site, and an underground building 10 The main pillars of the part (all in this example) constructed by the reverse driving method are built at predetermined positions in the ground as the construction pillars 12 for the reverse driving method. The structural pillar 12 is supported by the structural pillar J by penetrating into the upper part of the structural pillar J made of cast-in-place concrete piles or the like built in advance.

  The structure of the structural pillar 12 may have various structures such as SRC (steel reinforced concrete), RC (steel reinforced), S (steel). For example, when the structural pillar 12 is made of SRC (steel reinforced concrete), a steel part such as cross H steel or H steel is used as the structural pillar part, and the remaining concrete part is constructed in the construction work of the underground frame. Can be finished.

  Next, the ground G is excavated (primary excavation) to the line where the first-floor building frame (underground frame) 11 composed of at least the first-floor beams and the floor slab 11A can be constructed, and supported by the built-in column 12 previously built. In this state, the first-floor building frame 11 (the building frame 11 indicated by a solid line in the figure) is constructed. The floor slab 11 </ b> A in the building frame 11 on the first floor is used as a work floor for constructing the ground building portion 20.

FIG. 2 shows the state of construction in the middle of the construction method. As shown in the figure, the excavation work of the ground and the construction work of the building frame 11 of the corresponding underground floor are carried out by the floor slab 11A on the upper floor side. While supporting K from the inside in order toward the bottom, in parallel with the construction work of the underground building part 10, the pillar 21 of the ground building part 20 is supported by the construction pillar while the ground building part 20 is constructed. Work in order upwards. And finally, the underground building part 10 constructs the foundation 13 (see FIG. 1) on the lowest floor, and the ground building part 20 constructs the top floor.
Thus, in this construction method, the construction period is shortened by simultaneous construction of the underground building part 10 and the ground building part 20, and the building B indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 1 is constructed in a short construction period.

(About the temporary opening)
As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, in this construction method, in response to the ground G on the third basement floor being a hard ground such as a bedrock, in the middle of the construction work of the underground building part 10 by the reverse driving method. Then, temporary openings (in other words, temporary openings exceeding one span) A extending over a plurality of spans S are formed in the floor slab 11A on the second basement floor in the portion constructed by the reverse driving method.
In this way, by forming the large temporary opening A in the floor slab 11A on the second floor underground, a large space extending above and below the large temporary opening A is formed underground, and a large heavy machine such as a rock drill or the like. Is used to excavate the hard ground on the third floor of the basement to efficiently construct the underground building 10.
The temporary opening A constructs and closes the floor slab 11A at an appropriate time during construction such as the completion of excavation work immediately below the floor.

  In this example, the temporary opening A is not formed in the floor slab 11A on the first basement, which is the upper floor side of the floor slab 11A on the second basement where the temporary opening A is formed, and the floor slab 11A on the first floor. In addition, although the carry-in flow line and the carry-out flow line (not shown) to the underground construction part are separately formed, temporary openings A are appropriately formed in these floor slabs 11A according to the construction plan of the underground work. be able to.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the temporary opening A is formed at a site away from the retaining wall K in the plan view of the underground building 10. In this example, the temporary retaining portion A is formed at the center of the underground building portion 10 in contrast to the mountain retaining walls K being present on all sides of the underground building portion 10. Thus, by forming the large temporary opening A at the center of the underground building 10, the surrounding mountain retaining wall K is supported from the inside at the outer periphery of the underground building 10.

Various specific sizes and shapes of the temporary opening A can be employed, but the width of the outer peripheral portion of the underground building 10 is at least a predetermined width that can effectively support the retaining wall K. It is set appropriately according to the planar shape of the building part 10.
In this example, the temporary opening A is set to a substantially similar rectangular shape in which the long side direction is the same, whereas the planar shape of the underground building 10 is rectangular. The length L1 along the long side direction of the underground building part 10 (left and right width direction in FIGS. 2 and 3) is about 6 spans, and the short side direction of the underground building part 10 (depth direction in FIG. 3 is set to a rectangular shape having a length L2 along the vertical direction of 3) of about 3 spans.

A cutting beam 30 appropriately provided with a jack or the like (not shown) that develops a tension force is placed between the opposing edges a1 of the temporary opening A. In this example, the cut beam 30 is in a posture along the short side direction of the temporary opening A, and a plurality of the beams 30 are provided at every set interval between the opposing long side edges a1 in the temporary opening A. The short side direction of the floor slab 11A having a large rigidity reduction due to the temporary opening A is appropriately reinforced.
In addition, it replaces between the edge part a1 of the long side which opposes in the temporary opening part A in addition to this, or the cutting beam 30 is edge part a1 of the short side of the temporary opening part A which opposes. It may be in between.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the floor slab 11A on the second basement floor forming the temporary opening A is formed by integrally forming a capital portion 11a at a stigma portion to which a lower pillar side construction column 12 is connected. The flat slab structure which omits is adopted. The capital portion 11a can be formed by expanding the corresponding portion of the floor slab 11A downward. In addition, the floor slab 11A on the first basement floor is configured with the same flat slab structure.
And each cut beam 30 is applied to the outer peripheral end surface portion of the capital portion 11a of the floor slab 11A in the edge portion a1 of the temporary opening A, as shown in FIG. 3, corresponding to the flat slab structure. It installs in the state which receives reaction force in the capital part 11a of the said flat slab structure.
By doing in this way, reinforcement of the part which receives the reaction force of the cut beam 30 in the floor slab 11A can be omitted or simplified.

  Each beam 30 is supported by a structural pillar 12 standing upright inside the temporary opening A. Specifically, each cut beam 30 supports a plurality of intermediate pillars in the longitudinal direction on a plurality (two in this example) of the construction pillars 12 standing at intervals inside the temporary opening A. Let By doing so, it is possible to appropriately support at two or more support points that are advantageous for maintaining the posture with the construction pillar 12 that is a permanent pillar, while eliminating the need for a separate temporary support column that supports the cut beam 30. can do.

  The interval between the plurality of cut beams 30 is set not for each span but for each of a plurality of spans (an example of a length exceeding one span). In this way, by setting the installation interval of the cut beams 30 to ensure a wide interval between the cut beams 30, the cut beam is used in the construction work on the lower floor side using the work space extending above and below the temporary opening A. Suppresses 30 from getting in the way.

In this example, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the cutting beam 30 is configured as a robust concentrated cutting beam in response to securing a wide installation interval of the cutting beam 30 as described above.
Specifically, two beam members 31 made of a steel material such as H-shaped steel are arranged in a state where the structural pillar 12 is sandwiched from the width direction of the cut beam 30, and the two beam members 31 are arranged as a steel material. The cut beam 30 is configured as a concentrated cut beam by assembling at an appropriate position with an assembling material 32 such as a product.

  In this example, as the assembling material 32, for example, a horizontal member 32A made of H-shaped steel or the like that extends over both beam members 31 at an appropriate position in the length direction of the cut beam 30, and the horizontal member 32A and both beams A brace 32 </ b> B disposed in an opening partitioned by the material 31 is used. The horizontal members 32 </ b> A are provided at both end portions in the length direction of the cut beam 30 and intermediate portions in the length direction of the cut beam 30. At the intermediate position in the longitudinal direction of the cut beam 30, the structural pillar 12 is provided at two positions with the structural pillar 12 sandwiched from the longitudinal direction, and between the structural pillars 12 and between the structural pillar 12 and It is also provided between both ends in the length direction of the cut beam 30.

  Each beam 30 receives the lower surface side of both beam members 31 arranged in a state of sandwiching the structural pillar 12 from below with a steel support bracket 33 projecting from the outer peripheral surface of the structural pillar 12. In the state, it is supported on the stem pillar 12 at an appropriate height. The support bracket 33 can be fixed to the structural pillar 12 by an appropriate fixing means such as a bolt or welding.

  According to such an installation structure of the beam 30, the two beam members 31 are arranged separately on both sides of the structural pillar 12 in the width direction. The beam 30 can be supported in a balanced manner by the true pillar 12. In addition, in this supported state, the frame pillar 12 is sandwiched between the two beam members 31 from the width direction of the cut beam 30, and further, the frame column 12 is moved from the length direction of the beam 30 by the horizontal member 32 </ b> A. Since it is in the sandwiched state, the relative posture (supporting posture) between the beam 30 and the structural pillar 12 can be appropriately maintained, and the beam 30 can be stably supported.

[Another embodiment]
(1) The location where the temporary opening A is formed is not limited to the central portion of the floor slab 11A of the underground building 10 shown in the above-described embodiment, but can be changed as appropriate according to the construction plan and the like. Moreover, the number of the temporary openings A and the floor on which the temporary openings A are formed can be changed as appropriate according to the construction plan and the like.

  (2) The specific structure of the cutting beam 30 is not limited to the concentrated cutting beam in which the plurality of beam members 31 shown in the above-described embodiment are assembled, and may be configured by a single beam member 31. Various structures can be appropriately employed depending on the above.

A Temporary opening a1 Edge 11A Floor (floor slab)
11a Capital portion 12 True pillar 30 Cut beam 31 Beam material

Claims (4)

It is a construction method that uses the reverse hammering method,
A temporary opening spanning a plurality of column spans is formed on the floor portion on the upper floor side from the lowermost floor in the part to be constructed by the reverse driving method in the building,
A construction method using a reverse driving method in which construction work is performed on the floor immediately below the floor on which the temporary opening is formed while the temporary opening is formed.   The construction method using the reverse driving method according to claim 1, wherein the temporary opening is formed in a floor portion on a lower floor side than a floor on which a floor portion is constructed without forming the temporary opening portion. The temporary opening is formed in a state where the construction pillar is located inside,
3. The reverse driving method according to claim 1, wherein a cutting beam is extended between opposite edges of the temporary opening in a state of being supported by the frame pillar located inside the temporary opening. Building method. The cut beam is configured as a concentrated cut beam in which a plurality of beam members are arranged, and the structured column located inside the temporary opening is supported by the structured column while being sandwiched by the plurality of beam materials. ,
The reverse driving method according to claim 3, wherein the concentrated cutting beam is installed in a state of receiving a reaction force at a capital portion formed at a connection portion between a slab and a built-up column on an edge side of the temporary opening. Building method.

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