JP2016531390A - 1つの冷媒ループを備えた燃料電池システム - Google Patents
1つの冷媒ループを備えた燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 173
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 109
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010702 perfluoropolyether Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-anthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010006 flight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 glycantin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
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- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/04044—Purification of heat exchange media
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- H01M8/04052—Storage of heat in the fuel cell system
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- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
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- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
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Abstract
Description
異なる動作温度を有する少なくとも2つのシステムを冷却するための単一の冷媒ループであって、前記単一の冷媒ループは、
(a)前記ループを通して冷媒流体を移動させるための冷媒ポンプと、
(b)2つの経路のうちの1つを通して冷媒流体を送るための分配器と、
(c)熱交換器を通して冷媒流体を送り、第1システムを冷却することを含む第1経路と、
(d)第1システムを迂回することを含む第2経路とを備え、
(e)第1経路および第2経路は冷媒混合器で合流し、前記冷媒混合器は、第1経路からの冷媒と第2経路からの冷媒とを混合する。
(a)前記ループを通って冷媒流体を移動させるための冷媒ポンプと、
(b)2つの経路のうちの1つを通して冷媒流体を送るための分配器と、
(c)低温熱交換器を通して冷媒流体を送り、次いで1つ以上の電子構成部品を冷却することを含む第1経路と、
(d)電子構成部品を迂回することを含む第2経路とを備え、
(e)第1経路と第2経路とは冷媒混合器で合流し、前記冷媒混合器は、第1経路からの冷媒と第2経路からの冷媒とを混合し、
(f)冷媒混合器から出る冷媒は前記燃料電池システムに送られ、
(g)前記燃料電池から出るより温かい冷媒は、(i)蓄熱部に送られ、又は(ii)前記蓄熱部を迂回する。
Claims (23)
- 異なる動作温度を有する少なくとも2つのシステムを冷却するための単一の冷媒ループであって、前記単一の冷媒ループは、
(f)前記ループを通して冷媒流体を移動させるための冷媒ポンプと、
(g)2つの経路のうちの1つを通して冷媒流体を送るための分配器と、
(h)熱交換器を通して冷媒流体を送り、第1システムを冷却することを含む第1経路と、
(i)第1システムを迂回することを含む第2経路とを備え、
(j)第1経路および第2経路は冷媒混合器で合流し、前記冷媒混合器は、第1経路からの冷媒と第2経路からの冷媒とを混合する単一の冷媒ループ。 - 前記冷媒流体は誘電性冷媒流体を含む請求項1の単一の冷媒ループ。
- 冷却される前記少なくとも2つのシステムは、燃料電池システムと該燃料電池システムに関連する電子構成部品とを含む請求項1又は2の単一の冷媒ループ。
- 第1システムを出る第1経路上の冷媒流体は、前記冷媒混合器に送られる前に熱調整ユニットを通る請求項1〜3のいずれかの単一の冷媒ループ。
- 前記冷媒混合器を出る流体は第2システムへ送られる請求項1〜4のいずれかの単一の冷媒ループ。
- 第2システムを出る冷媒流体は、前記分配器に送られる前に熱調整ユニットを通る請求項1〜5のいずれかの単一の冷媒ループ。
- 前記システムの少なくとも1つによって生成された熱を捕えるための蓄熱部を更に備える請求項1から6のいずれかの単一の冷媒ループ。
- 冷媒流体が熱を前記蓄熱部に伝達し得るか、又は冷媒流体が前記蓄熱部を迂回し得る請求項7の単一の冷媒ループ。
- 前記システムの少なくとも1つは燃料電池システムであり、前記蓄熱部は、前記燃料電池システムから副生成物として生成される熱を捕える請求項7の単一の冷媒ループ。
- 前記少なくとも2つのシステムの温度に関する情報を受けとり、前記冷媒ループを通る前記冷媒流体の経路を制御して熱を必要とする場所へ熱を向けるシステムコントローラを更に備える請求項1〜9のいずれかの単一の冷媒ループ。
- 前記分配器は、流入する流体を外に向かう複数の副流に分ける大きさとされた出口を有する電気制御バルブ又は構造体を備える請求項1〜10のいずれかの単一の冷媒ループ。
- 同一ループ内の燃料電池システムと1つ以上の電子構成部品とを冷却するための単一の冷媒ループであって、
(h)前記ループを通って冷媒流体を移動させるための冷媒ポンプと、
(i)2つの経路のうちの1つを通して冷媒流体を送るための分配器と、
(j)低温熱交換器を通して冷媒流体を送り、次いで1つ以上の電子構成部品を冷却することを含む第1経路と、
(k)電子構成部品を迂回する第2経路とを備え、
(l)第1経路と第2経路とは冷媒混合器で合流し、前記冷媒混合器は、第1経路からの冷媒と第2経路からの冷媒とを混合し、
(m)冷媒混合器から出る冷媒は前記燃料電池システムに送られ、
(n)前記燃料電池から出るより温かい冷媒は、(i)蓄熱部に送られ、又は(ii)前記蓄熱部を迂回する単一の冷媒ループ。 - 前記蓄熱部は、貯水器、熱力学サイクル、又は相変化物質を含む請求項12の単一の冷媒ループ。
- 前記蓄熱部を迂回した冷媒が前記分配器に送られる請求項12又は13の単一の冷媒ループ。
- 予熱ループを更に備え、前記蓄熱部を迂回する温められた冷媒は始動用の熱を与えるため前記燃料電池システムに送られる請求項12〜14のいずれかの単一の冷媒ループ。
- 高温システムと低温システムとを冷却するための単一のループに沿って冷媒を送る方法であって、(a)高温システムからの温められた冷媒流体を(i)蓄熱部に送り、(ii)分配器に送り、又は(iii)始動用の温熱として高温システムへ戻すこと、(b)前記分配器からの冷媒を(i)低温熱交換器を経由して低温システムに送ること、又は(ii)低温システムを迂回させること、(c)低温システムからの冷媒流体を冷媒混合器に送ること、及び(d)冷媒混合器からの冷媒流体を高温システムに送ることを含む方法。
- 前記冷媒流体は誘電性冷媒流体を含む請求項16の方法。
- 前記高温システムは燃料電池システムを含み、前記低温システムは1つ以上の電子構成部品を含む請求項16又は17の方法。
- 前記高温システムは燃料電池システムを含み、前記蓄熱部は、前記燃料電池システムから副生成物として生成される熱を捕える請求項16〜18のいずれかの方法。
- 前記低温システムを出る冷媒流体は、前記冷媒混合器に送られる前に熱調整ユニットを通る請求項16〜19のいずれかの方法。
- 前記熱調整ユニットは空気冷却器を備える請求項20の方法。
- 前記高温システムを出る冷媒流体が熱調整ユニットを通る請求項16〜21のいずれかの方法。
- 前記冷媒流体の前記経路は、前記高温システムと前記低温システムから温度情報を受け取り、該温度情報に基づいて必要に応じて前記冷媒ループを通して前記冷媒流体を送るシステムコントローラによって管理される請求項16〜22のいずれかの方法。
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PCT/IB2014/063353 WO2015011664A2 (en) | 2013-07-23 | 2014-07-23 | Fuel cell system with one coolant loop |
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EP3025387B1 (en) | 2013-07-23 | 2022-09-07 | Safran Aerotechnics | Fuel cell system with one coolant loop |
EP3247469B1 (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2024-04-10 | Safran Aerotechnics | Fuel cell devices for fire prevention on-board aircraft |
US20180219237A1 (en) * | 2017-01-27 | 2018-08-02 | Ford Motor Company | Fuel Cell Freeze Protection Device and System |
WO2018172736A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 | 2018-09-27 | Bae Systems Plc | Electrical power generation on a vehicle |
US11434021B2 (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2022-09-06 | Bae Systems Plc | Electrical power generation on a vehicle |
WO2023209316A1 (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2023-11-02 | Zeroavia Ltd | Cooling system for fuel cell onboard a vehicle including thermal energy storage device |
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WO2015011664A3 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
EP3025387B1 (en) | 2022-09-07 |
CA2917454A1 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
WO2015011664A2 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
US20160380280A1 (en) | 2016-12-29 |
EP3025387A2 (en) | 2016-06-01 |
CN105409043A (zh) | 2016-03-16 |
US11011764B2 (en) | 2021-05-18 |
DK3025387T3 (da) | 2022-10-03 |
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CN105409043B (zh) | 2022-03-04 |
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