JP2016521331A - 対向ピストンエンジンにおけるピストン熱管理 - Google Patents
対向ピストンエンジンにおけるピストン熱管理 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2016521331A JP2016521331A JP2016513066A JP2016513066A JP2016521331A JP 2016521331 A JP2016521331 A JP 2016521331A JP 2016513066 A JP2016513066 A JP 2016513066A JP 2016513066 A JP2016513066 A JP 2016513066A JP 2016521331 A JP2016521331 A JP 2016521331A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- crown
- gap
- band
- sleeve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/16—Pistons having cooling means
- F02F3/20—Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
- F02F3/22—Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P1/00—Air cooling
- F01P1/04—Arrangements for cooling pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/06—Arrangements for cooling pistons
- F01P3/10—Cooling by flow of coolant through pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/28—Engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder or within essentially coaxial cylinders
- F02B75/282—Engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder or within essentially coaxial cylinders the pistons having equal strokes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/0015—Multi-part pistons
- F02F3/003—Multi-part pistons the parts being connected by casting, brazing, welding or clamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/0084—Pistons the pistons being constructed from specific materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/16—Pistons having cooling means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/16—Pistons having cooling means
- F02F3/18—Pistons having cooling means the means being a liquid or solid coolant, e.g. sodium, in a closed chamber in piston
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/06—Arrangements for cooling pistons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/0015—Multi-part pistons
- F02F3/003—Multi-part pistons the parts being connected by casting, brazing, welding or clamping
- F02F2003/0061—Multi-part pistons the parts being connected by casting, brazing, welding or clamping by welding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本出願は、2011年4月18日に出願された共通所有米国特許出願第13/066,589号「Combustion Chamber Constructions for Opposed−Piston Engines」および2011年8月15日に出願された共通所有米国出願特許第13/136,955号「Piston Constructions for Opposed−Piston Engines」の出願に関連する主題を含む。
Claims (12)
- 一端にクラウンを有するピストン本体と、前記クラウンに形成される端面とを備え、前記端面が燃焼室を画定するために対向ピストン端面と協働する細長いボウルを含み、ピストンがさらに、前記クラウン付近の前記ピストン側壁に少なくとも1つのリング溝を備える、2ストローク内燃機関のためのピストンであって、
環状熱抵抗空隙は、前記ピストン側壁に位置し、前記ピストン本体の周縁に沿って延在し、前記端面と前記少なくとも1つのリング溝との間に位置づけられることを特徴とする、ピストン。 - 前記空隙をカバーする、バンド、フランジ、および一対の対向フランジの内の1つをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のピストン。
- 前記空隙をカバーするギャップを有するバンドをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のピストン。
- 前記ピストンの放射方向に延びる上部フランジと、前記ピストンの軸方向に下方に延びる下部フランジとを有するスリーブをさらに含み、前記スリーブは、前記クラウンの肩に対して保持される前記上部フランジと、前記空隙をカバーする前記下部フランジとを有する前記クラウンの外周面に設置される、請求項1に記載のピストン。
- 前記クラウンの下の前記ピストン本体内に1つまたは複数の冷却ギャラリをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のピストン。
- 前記空隙に配置される耐熱材をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のピストン。
- 前記空隙をカバーする、バンド、フランジ、および一対の対向フランジの内の1つをさらに含む、請求項6に記載のピストン。
- 前記空隙をカバーするギャップを有するバンドをさらに含む、請求項6に記載のピストン。
- 前記ピストンの放射方向に延びる上部フランジと、前記ピストンの軸方向に下方に延びる下部フランジとを有するスリーブをさらに含み、前記スリーブは、前記クラウンの肩に対して保持される前記上部フランジと、前記空隙をカバーする前記下部フランジとを有する前記クラウンの外周面に設置される、請求項6に記載のピストン。
- 前記クラウンの下の前記ピストン本体内に1つまたは複数の冷却ギャラリをさらに含む、請求項7に記載のピストン。
- 前記空隙をカバーして、ほぼ真空を含むチャンバを形成する、バンド、フランジ、および一対の対向フランジの内の1つをさらに含む、請求項11に記載のピストン。
- 長手方向に分離した排気ポートおよび吸気ポートを有する少なくとも1つのシリンダと、前記シリンダのボアに互いに対向して配置される一対のピストンとを含み、各ピストンが、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に従って構成される、内燃機関。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/891,523 | 2013-05-10 | ||
US13/891,523 US9464592B2 (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2013-05-10 | Piston thermal management in an opposed-piston engine |
PCT/US2014/037289 WO2014182892A1 (en) | 2013-05-10 | 2014-05-08 | Piston thermal management in an opposed-piston engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2016521331A true JP2016521331A (ja) | 2016-07-21 |
JP6412561B2 JP6412561B2 (ja) | 2018-10-24 |
Family
ID=50972787
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2016513066A Active JP6412561B2 (ja) | 2013-05-10 | 2014-05-08 | 対向ピストンエンジンにおけるピストン熱管理 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US9464592B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2978962B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6412561B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105209737B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014182892A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9512779B2 (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2016-12-06 | Achates Power, Inc. | Swirl-conserving combustion chamber construction for opposed-piston engines |
US10180115B2 (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2019-01-15 | Achates Power, Inc. | Piston crown bowls defining combustion chamber constructions in opposed-piston engines |
EP2547868B1 (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2016-08-03 | Achates Power, Inc. | Combustion chamber constructions for opposed-piston engines |
US9464592B2 (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2016-10-11 | Achates Power, Inc. | Piston thermal management in an opposed-piston engine |
CN104214002A (zh) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-12-17 | 艾克莫特公司 | 用于活塞的热障 |
US9771861B2 (en) | 2014-09-09 | 2017-09-26 | Avl Powertrain Engineering, Inc. | Opposed piston two-stroke engine with thermal barrier |
US10753312B2 (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2020-08-25 | Ai Alpine Us Bidco Inc | Annular ring groove of a piston |
US20170097091A1 (en) * | 2015-10-05 | 2017-04-06 | Pinnacle Engines, Inc. | Inverted piston configurations for internal combustion engines |
US10119493B2 (en) | 2016-02-29 | 2018-11-06 | Achates Power, Inc. | Multi-layered piston crown for opposed-piston engines |
US10731259B2 (en) | 2016-11-04 | 2020-08-04 | Cummins Inc. | Pistons with thermal barrier coatings |
US10724467B2 (en) | 2016-11-04 | 2020-07-28 | Cummins Inc. | Pistons with thermal barrier coatings |
EP3577331A1 (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2019-12-11 | Achates Power, Inc. | Multi-part piston construction for an opposed-piston engine |
US11441529B1 (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2022-09-13 | Warren Engine Company, Inc. | Spark/ignition system for an opposed piston engine |
US11766822B2 (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2023-09-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Microstructured surface with increased microorganism removal when cleaned, articles and methods |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB325194A (en) * | 1928-11-01 | 1930-02-03 | David Mccrorie Shannon | Improvements in engine pistons |
US2494748A (en) * | 1946-02-16 | 1950-01-17 | Smith Corp A O | Piston |
US3190273A (en) * | 1964-01-03 | 1965-06-22 | Continental Aviat & Eng Corp | Piston for internal combustion engine |
GB1028847A (en) * | 1963-03-19 | 1966-05-11 | Zollner Corp | Improvements in and relating to pistons |
US4553472A (en) * | 1982-08-20 | 1985-11-19 | Robert Munro | Pistons and method for their manufacture |
JPH04231388A (ja) * | 1990-12-27 | 1992-08-20 | Isuzu Ceramics Kenkyusho:Kk | 断熱ピストンヘッド及びその製造方法 |
US20080134879A1 (en) * | 2004-11-26 | 2008-06-12 | Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh | Piston With A Lightweight Construction That Is Subjected To High Thermal Stress |
US20120073526A1 (en) * | 2010-08-16 | 2012-03-29 | Achates Power, Inc. | Piston constructions for opposed-piston engines |
Family Cites Families (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1584265A (en) * | 1922-10-11 | 1926-05-11 | Edward M Williams | Piston |
DE2832970A1 (de) * | 1978-07-27 | 1980-02-07 | Schmidt Gmbh Karl | Gebauter, fluessigkeitsgekuehlter kolben fuer brennkraftmaschinen |
US4270494A (en) | 1979-01-11 | 1981-06-02 | General Motors Corporation | Insulated oil cooled piston assembly |
US4253430A (en) | 1979-01-11 | 1981-03-03 | General Motors Corporation | Insulated oil cooled piston assembly |
JPS60173346A (ja) * | 1984-02-18 | 1985-09-06 | Hino Motors Ltd | 内燃機関用ピストン |
GB8413800D0 (en) * | 1984-05-30 | 1984-07-04 | Ae Plc | Manufacture of pistons |
DE3426238A1 (de) * | 1984-07-17 | 1986-01-30 | Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Friedrichshafen Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen | Gebauter kolben |
DE3447394C2 (de) * | 1984-12-24 | 1986-12-18 | Krupp Mak Maschinenbau Gmbh, 2300 Kiel | Ölgekühlter Kolben für Brennkraftmaschinen |
JP2546259B2 (ja) * | 1987-03-12 | 1996-10-23 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 内燃機関用ピストンの製造方法 |
GB8720168D0 (en) * | 1987-08-26 | 1987-09-30 | T & N Technology Ltd | Piston |
FI102559B1 (fi) | 1995-03-09 | 1998-12-31 | Waertsilae Nsd Oy Ab | Polttomoottorin mäntäyksikkö |
US6003479A (en) * | 1997-05-12 | 1999-12-21 | Evans; Mark M. | Piston construction |
US6244161B1 (en) * | 1999-10-07 | 2001-06-12 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | High temperature-resistant material for articulated pistons |
US6938604B2 (en) * | 2003-10-06 | 2005-09-06 | Mahle Gmbh | Cooling channel cover for a one-piece piston of an internal combustion engine |
DE102004019011A1 (de) * | 2004-04-20 | 2005-11-17 | Mahle Gmbh | Kühlkanalabdeckung für einen Kolben eines Verbrennungsmotors |
US6904876B1 (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2005-06-14 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Sodium cooled pistons for a free piston engine |
DE102004032452A1 (de) * | 2004-07-05 | 2006-01-26 | Daude, Otto, Dr.-Ing. | Gaswechselsteuerung für Gegenkolbenmotoren |
US20060086325A1 (en) | 2004-10-25 | 2006-04-27 | Ipd, Inc. | Two piece cast ferrous crown piston for internal combustion engine |
DE102004057624A1 (de) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-01 | Mahle International Gmbh | Mehrteiliger, gekühlter Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor |
DE102004057558A1 (de) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-01 | Mahle International Gmbh | Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor |
DE102004057559A1 (de) * | 2004-11-30 | 2006-06-01 | Mahle International Gmbh | Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor |
DE102005061074A1 (de) | 2005-12-21 | 2007-06-28 | Mahle International Gmbh | Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
DE102005061059A1 (de) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-06-28 | Mahle International Gmbh | Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor |
US7458358B2 (en) * | 2006-05-10 | 2008-12-02 | Federal Mogul World Wide, Inc. | Thermal oxidation protective surface for steel pistons |
DE102006027810A1 (de) | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-20 | Mahle International Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines einteiligen Kolbens sowie damit hergestellter Kolben |
US7654240B2 (en) | 2006-08-18 | 2010-02-02 | Caterpillar Inc. | Engine piston having an insulating air gap |
US20080250923A1 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-16 | Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. | Piston and process for manufacturing the same |
WO2010099372A2 (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-02 | Federal-Mogul Corporation | Piston with central directional oil flow and wrist pin lubrication feature and method of construction thereof |
DE102010015568A1 (de) * | 2010-04-19 | 2011-10-20 | Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh | Kolbenoberteil eines gebauten oder geschweißten Kolbens mit erweiterten Kühlräumen |
EP2547868B1 (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2016-08-03 | Achates Power, Inc. | Combustion chamber constructions for opposed-piston engines |
JP2011256742A (ja) * | 2010-06-07 | 2011-12-22 | Toyota Motor Corp | ピストンの冷却システム |
US8631573B2 (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2014-01-21 | Mahle International Gmbh | Piston for an internal combustion engine and method for its production |
US9464592B2 (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2016-10-11 | Achates Power, Inc. | Piston thermal management in an opposed-piston engine |
US8544441B2 (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2013-10-01 | Federal-Mogul Ignition Company | Piston including a pair of cooling chambers |
-
2013
- 2013-05-10 US US13/891,523 patent/US9464592B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2014
- 2014-05-08 CN CN201480026016.8A patent/CN105209737B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-05-08 EP EP14731104.7A patent/EP2978962B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2014-05-08 JP JP2016513066A patent/JP6412561B2/ja active Active
- 2014-05-08 WO PCT/US2014/037289 patent/WO2014182892A1/en active Application Filing
-
2016
- 2016-09-26 US US15/276,671 patent/US10174713B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB325194A (en) * | 1928-11-01 | 1930-02-03 | David Mccrorie Shannon | Improvements in engine pistons |
US2494748A (en) * | 1946-02-16 | 1950-01-17 | Smith Corp A O | Piston |
GB1028847A (en) * | 1963-03-19 | 1966-05-11 | Zollner Corp | Improvements in and relating to pistons |
US3190273A (en) * | 1964-01-03 | 1965-06-22 | Continental Aviat & Eng Corp | Piston for internal combustion engine |
US4553472A (en) * | 1982-08-20 | 1985-11-19 | Robert Munro | Pistons and method for their manufacture |
JPH04231388A (ja) * | 1990-12-27 | 1992-08-20 | Isuzu Ceramics Kenkyusho:Kk | 断熱ピストンヘッド及びその製造方法 |
US20080134879A1 (en) * | 2004-11-26 | 2008-06-12 | Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh | Piston With A Lightweight Construction That Is Subjected To High Thermal Stress |
US20120073526A1 (en) * | 2010-08-16 | 2012-03-29 | Achates Power, Inc. | Piston constructions for opposed-piston engines |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN105209737A (zh) | 2015-12-30 |
US20140090625A1 (en) | 2014-04-03 |
US20170009700A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
WO2014182892A1 (en) | 2014-11-13 |
CN105209737B (zh) | 2018-05-22 |
JP6412561B2 (ja) | 2018-10-24 |
US10174713B2 (en) | 2019-01-08 |
US9464592B2 (en) | 2016-10-11 |
EP2978962A1 (en) | 2016-02-03 |
EP2978962B1 (en) | 2018-07-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6412561B2 (ja) | 対向ピストンエンジンにおけるピストン熱管理 | |
US10634091B2 (en) | Multi-layered piston crown for opposed-piston engines | |
US9512779B2 (en) | Swirl-conserving combustion chamber construction for opposed-piston engines | |
US7654240B2 (en) | Engine piston having an insulating air gap | |
JP2018502251A (ja) | 低減された圧縮高さの二重ギャラリピストン、それを備えたピストンアセンブリ、およびその構成方法 | |
US9810174B2 (en) | Constructions for piston thermal management | |
US20160169153A1 (en) | Engine Piston | |
JP2013501193A (ja) | 低熱伝導度ピストンおよびその構築方法 | |
JP6305436B2 (ja) | ピストンとピストンの製造方法 | |
JP6152390B2 (ja) | 冷却空洞が改善されたピストン | |
US4651629A (en) | Piston of refractory materials, particularly for compression-ignition engines | |
EP3030768B1 (en) | A swirl-conserving combustion chamber construction for opposed-piston engines | |
NZ509958A (en) | Reciprocating machine with two sub-chambers | |
JP2016121562A (ja) | 内燃機関のピストン | |
JP6490440B2 (ja) | モノブロックエンジンのシリンダー構造 | |
EP3032082A1 (en) | Engine piston | |
JP2023039250A (ja) | ピストン、内燃機関、及びピストンの製造方法 | |
JPS5872654A (ja) | 内燃機関用ピストン | |
JP2019203450A (ja) | 遮熱膜部材 | |
JP2011169204A (ja) | ピストンのシール構造 | |
JPH0151898B2 (ja) | ||
AU6067699A (en) | Reciprocating machine with two sub-chambers | |
JP2018040253A (ja) | 内燃機関 | |
KR20060000545A (ko) | 개방형 냉각 갤러리를 채용하는 디젤엔진용 분절 스틸단조피스톤 | |
JPS59120756A (ja) | ピストン |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20170428 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20180319 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20180327 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20180626 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20180904 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20180928 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6412561 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |