JP2016509058A - 白血病を治療する方法と組成物 - Google Patents
白血病を治療する方法と組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016509058A JP2016509058A JP2015558939A JP2015558939A JP2016509058A JP 2016509058 A JP2016509058 A JP 2016509058A JP 2015558939 A JP2015558939 A JP 2015558939A JP 2015558939 A JP2015558939 A JP 2015558939A JP 2016509058 A JP2016509058 A JP 2016509058A
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- compound
- leukemia
- alkyl
- alkynyl
- alkenyl
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- C07C49/00—Ketones; Ketenes; Dimeric ketenes; Ketonic chelates
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- A61K9/0078—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy for inhalation via a nebulizer such as a jet nebulizer, ultrasonic nebulizer, e.g. in the form of aqueous drug solutions or dispersions
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Abstract
Description
本明細書中で示された全ての出版、特許または特許出願は引用によって、あたかも個々の出版、特許又は特許出願が具体的に及び個別の引用によって本明細書中に引用によって組み込まれているのと同程度に本明細書中に組み込まれる。
これらのデータ全ては、典型的な化合物1及びその同種のものは、癌細胞内でのRas処理を防ぐためにFTaseと相互作用することを支持する。
OC(=O)OCH3、OC(=O)OC2H5、OC(=O)NHCH3、OC(=O)NHC2H5またはOC(=O)NH2である。いくつかの実施形態では、R4は、C2H5C(CH3)2OH、C2H5C(CH3)2OCH3、CH2COOH、C2H5COOH、CH2OH、C2H5OH、CH2Ph、C2H5Ph、CH2CH=C(CH3)(CHO)、CH2CH=C(CH3)(C(=O)CH3)、5または6−員環ラクトン、C2−C8アルケニル、C2−C8アルキニル、アリール及びグルコシルであり、ここで、5または6−員環ラクトン、C2−C8アルケニル、C2−C8アルキニル、アリールおよびグルコシルは、NR5R6、OR5、OC(=O)R7、C(=O)OR5、C(=O)R5、C(=O)NR5R6、C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、C2−C8アルキニル、C3−C8シクロアルキルおよびC1−C8ハロアルキルから選択される1つ以上の置換基と随意に置換される。特定の実施形態では、R4はCH2CH=C(CH3)2である。特定の実施形態では、化合物は以下の通りである。
もし他の方法で述べられなかったならば、明細書と請求項を含むこの出願の中で使用される次の用語の定義は、以下に与えられる。明細書および添付の請求項内で用いられる通り、単数形「a」、「an」および「the」は、その文脈が他に明確に指示していない限り、複数の指示対象を含む。特に指示がない限り、質量分析、NMR、HPCL、タンパク質化学、生化学、組換えDNA技術、および薬理学の従来の方法が使用される。本出願において、「または」、或いは「および」の使用は特に明記しない限り、「および/または」を意味する。更に、用語「含んでいる(including)」の使用は、「含む(include)」、「含む(includes)」、および「含まれる(included)」といった他の形態と同じく、制限はない。本明細書で使用された段落の表題は、組織化する目的だけのためで、記載された主題を制限すると解釈されるものではない。
適切な投与経路は、限定されないが、経口投与、静脈内投与、直腸投与、エアロゾル投与、非経口投与、経眼投与、経肺投与、経粘膜投与、経皮投与、膣内投与、経耳投与、経鼻投与、及び、局所投与を含む。更に、ほんの一例ではあるが、非経口送達は、くも膜下腔内、直接脳室内、腹腔内、リンパ内、及び鼻腔内注入だけでなく、筋肉内、皮下、静脈内、髄内注入も含む。
幾つかの実施形態において、以下の構造を有する化合物、或いはその薬学的に許容可能な塩、代謝物質、溶媒和物、又はプロドラッグであって:
Rは水素又はC(=O)C1−C8アルキルであり;R1、R2およびR3の各々は独立して水素、随意に置換されたメチルまたは(CH2)m−−CH3であり;R4は、NR5R6、OR5、OC(=O)R7、C(=O)OR5、C(=O)R5、C(=O)NR5R6、ハロゲン、5または6員環ラクトン、C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、C2−C8アルキニル、アリール、グルコシルであり、ここで、5つまたは6員環ラクトン、C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、C2−C8アルキニル、アリールおよびグルコシルは、NR5R6、OR5、OC(=O)R7、C(=O)OR5、C(=O)R5、C(=O)NR5R6、C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、C2−C8アルキニル、C3−C8シクロアルキルおよびC1−C8ハロアルキルから選択される1つ以上の置換基と随意に置換され、R5とR6の各々は独立して水素又はC1−C8アルキルであり;R7はC1−C8アルキル、OR5またはNR5R6であり;
m=1−12;またn=1−12;及び薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤、を含む医薬組成物が提供される。
一般的に、本明細書で記載される組成物、及び、併用処置が用いられている実施形態において、他の薬剤は同一の医薬組成物中に投与される必要はなく、かつ、幾つかの実施形態において、物理的及び化学的特徴が異なることから、異なる経路で投与される。幾つかの実施形態において、初回投与を、当該分野での実証されたプロトコルに従って行い、その後、観察された効果に基づいて、投与量、投与の形態、及び投与の時間は、熟練した臨床医により修正される。
牛樟芝からの100グラムの菌糸、子実体またはその両方の混合物を、フラスコに入れた。適切な量の水およびアルコール(70−100% のアルコール溶液)を、フラスコへ加え、少なくとも1時間、20−25℃で撹拌した。溶液をフィルターと0.45μmの膜を介して濾過し、濾液を抽出液として集めた。
ヒト肝癌(HepG2、Hep3B)、ヒト肺腺癌(A549、H838)およびヒト骨髄性白血病(K562)の細胞株は、アメリカ合衆国培養細胞系統保存機関(Rockville、MD、USA)から得た。ヒト前立腺癌(LNCaPおよびDU145)、ヒト乳癌(MCF−7)、ヒト膀胱癌(TSGH 8301)およびヒト膵臓腺癌(BxPC−3)の細胞株は、BCRC(生物資源保存研究センター、Hsinchu、Taiwan)から得た。HepG2、DU145およびMCF−7細胞株を、アルファ最小必須培地(Invitrogen/Gibco BRL、Grand Island、NY、USA)で培養した。A549細胞はダルベッコ改変イーグル培地(Invitrogen/Gibco BRL)で培養した。H838、TSGH 8301、BxPC−3 LNCaPおよびK562細胞株は、RPMI−1640培地(Invitrogen/Gibco BRL)で培養した。全ての細胞は、10%ウシ胎児血清(FBS)(Invitrogen/Gibco BRL)、100U/mlストレプトマイシンおよびペニシリン(Invitrogen/Gibco BRL)を添加した培地において37度、5%CO2で培養した。処理のため、6.25×105細胞/ウェルで、6−ウェルプレートに細胞を播種した。翌日、培地を無血清培地に変更し、24時間、細胞を血清欠乏状態にした。化合物1をDMSOで溶解し、無血清培地中に要求される濃度になるよう希釈した。その後、培地を、前記の希釈した化合物1で処理した。処理後、細胞を、冷却したリン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)で洗浄し、ホスファターゼおよびプロテアーゼ阻害剤を含むRIPA緩衝液を用いて溶解した。
ブラッドフォード分析(Sigma−Aldrich、St. Louis、MO、USA)を用いて測定した60マイクログラムの総タンパク質溶解物を、12.5%SDSポリアクリルアミドゲルに供した。電気泳動を50分間180Vの定電圧で実施した。ゲルを90分間280mAの定電流でPVDF薄膜上に写した。ブロットを3%のウシ血清アルブミン(BSA)でブロックし、phospho−p44/42(ERK1/2)(Thr202/Tyr204)(Cell Signaling Technology、Danvers、MA、USA)、p44/42MAPK(ERK1/2)、Beclin−1(Cell Signaling Technology)、LC3B(Novus Biologicals、Cambridge、UK)、EGFR(Epitomics Inc、Santa Clara、CA)Ras、GAPDH又はβ−actin(Sigma−Aldrich)に対する抗体の1:1,000希釈液でプローブした。西洋ワサビペルオキシダーゼに結合した2次抗体を、3, 3’−diaminobenzidine substrate kit(Vector Laboratories、Burlingame、CA)を用いて検出した。免疫反応性のバンドをImage−Pro Plus software(Media Cybernetics、Silver Spring、MD)を用いた濃度測定法によって定量した。
Cell Counting Kit−8(CCK−8)は、細胞増殖中の細胞生存率の決定および細胞毒性アッセイのための、高感度の比色測定分析を可能にする。CCK−8の検出感度は、MTT、XTT、MTS又はWST−1のような他のテトラゾリウム塩より高い。
インビトロでのプレニル化反応を、様々な濃度のアントロキノノールの存在下又は非存在下で、3μg FTase(Jena、Germany)、25μM NBD−FPPおよび2μg H−RasGSTを混合した、20μlの反応バッファー(50mM HEPES、pH7.2、50mM NaCl、5mM MgCl2、5mM DTTおよび20μM GDP)中で行った。反応物を37度で3時間インキュベートし、20μlの2×SDS−PAGEサンプル・バッファーを加え、95度で3分間沸騰させることで、反応を停止させた。最後に、混合物を15%SDS−PAGEに供した。ゲルをクマシーブルーで染色した後、Typhoon 9400 scanner(GE Healthcare、UK)(励起レーザー、473nm; 発光カットオフフィルター、510nm)を用いてスキャンした。蛍光バンドを、Image−Pro Plus software(Media Cybernetics、Silver Spring、USA)を用いて定量した。
細胞を6−ウェルプレートのカバーガラス上に播種した。一晩インキュベートした後、細胞を示した濃度の化合物1で24時間処理した。処理後、細胞を4%のパラホルムアルデヒドを含むPBS中にて5分間固定し、0.1%トリトンX−100を含むPBS中にて5分間透過処理した。細胞をブロッキング剤としての3%BSA中にて30分間インキュベートした。それから、細胞をLC3B(Sigma−Aldrich)に対するウサギポリクローナル抗体と共に90分間室温にてインキュベートした。0.1%トリトンX−100を含むPBSにて3回連続洗浄した後、細胞を室温にてfluorescein isothiocyanate−conjugated secondary antibody (Invitrogen Life Technologies, Paisley, Scotland, UK)と共に60分間インキュベートした。細胞をDapi−Fluoromount−G(商標)(SouthernBiotech、Birmingham、AL、USA)にマウントし、ELYRA S.1とZeiss LSM 780を用いた共焦点蛍光顕微鏡により可視化した。
化合物1の細胞毒性効果がRas変異の有無に相関するかどうかを確認するため、野生型Ras:H838、Hep3BおよびK562又は変異型Ras:A549、HepG2およびTHP−1を備えた、ヒト肺癌(A549およびH838)、肝臓癌(HepG2およびHep3B)および白血病(K562およびTHP−1)に由来する細胞株を用いた。細胞生存率を化合物1で48時間処理した後、測定した。各細胞株のIC50値は昇順に、THP−1(2.22μM)<A549(3.24μM)<H838(3.32μM)<Hep3B(3.74μM)<K562(5.12μM)<HepG2(6.42μM)であった(表1)。化合物1は本明細書中に記載される全ての細胞株に対して、優れた細胞毒性活性を示したように、化合物1への感受性はRas遺伝子の状態と相関しなかった。
MAPキナーゼシグナル伝達に対する化合物1の影響を評価するため、HepG2、A549およびH838細胞を幅広い濃度の化合物1で処理し、リン酸化されたERK1/2およびERK1/2の総量のためにイムノブロット法を行った。化合物1は、HepG2とA549細胞のERK1/2のリン酸化を誘導したが、ERK1/2の総発現量には影響しなかった(図1)。しかしながら、H838細胞では、化合物1による処理後のERK1/2リン酸化の増加に伴い、ERK1/2の総発現量も増加した。したがって、一般的に、化合物1は、癌細胞株においてERK1/2のリン酸化の増加を誘導した。
以前の報告で、化合物1はA549細胞内のPI3Kシグナル伝達を阻害することが示された(Kumar VB, et al., Mutat Res 2011 Feb 10;707(1−2):42−52)。本明細書中で、典型的な化合物1がA549細胞のERK1/2のリン酸化をアップレギュレートすることを示した。RasはPI3KとERK1/2の上流の制御因子である。化合物1を介するがん細胞死の細胞内シグナル経路をより理解し、化合物1のサイトゾル標的をより正確に同定するために、Rasの寄与を研究した。実験を、異なる濃度の化合物1で24時間処理されたA549とH838細胞を使用して、血清存在下と血清非存在下の条件で実施した。2本の異なるバンドをRasのための免疫ブロットで検出した。移動度が遅いバンドは処理されていないRasに相当し、移動度が早いバンドは完全に処理されたRasであることを示した。化合物1は、血清存在下および血清非存在下の両方の細胞株において、処理されていないRasの蓄積を引き起こした(図2A)。更に、化合物1は、H838、HepG2およびK562細胞において、処理されていないRasの用量依存的な蓄積を引き起こした(図2Bおよび2C)。この結果は、化合物1が癌細胞内のRasの処理を阻害することを示す。
Rasの翻訳後修飾は活性化にとって不可欠である。Rasが活性化するための第1工程はFTaseによるプレニル化である。化合物1とRasのプレニル基のドナーであるFPPの化学構造の比較は、両化合物が同じC15脂質鎖を有することを示した(図3A)。したがって、細胞培養物中のタンパク質FTase活性とFPP依存Rasプレニル化に対する化合物1の影響を評価した。結果は、化合物1単独で処理されていないRasの蓄積を著しく増加させることを示した。さらに、FPP単独で、H838細胞のRasの処理を強化した。競合アッセイは、10μMの低濃度でFPPがRasの処理に対する化合物1の影響を中和したことを示した(図3B)。加えて、In vitroの酵素活性アッセイは、化合物1がFTase活性の用量依存的抑制を達成することを実証した(図3C)。この結果は、化合物1が細胞培養物において、タンパク質FTase活性を抑制し、FPPと競合することを示す。
FTaseのアミノ酸配列(Accession no.: 1JCQ_A)は国立生物工学情報センターのタンパク質データベースからダウンロードした。化合物1とFTase CAAX box 間の相互作用を予測し、評価するために、CDOCKER−A CHARMmに基づいた分子結合アルゴリズムを適用した (例えば、Wu G, et al.,Vieth M (2003) Detailed analysis of grid−based molecular docking: A case study of CDOCKER−−A CHARMm−based MD docking algorithm. Journal of Computational Chemistry 24 (13):1549−1562を参照されたい)。バイアスを制限するために、使用者に調整可能なパラメータはすべて初期設定を維持した。
以前の研究は、化合物1がヒト癌細胞株において、PI3K/mTOR経路経由のアポトーシスおよび/又は自食細胞死を誘導することを示した。RasはPI3Kの上流に位置し、RasVal12変異NIH3T3細胞の自食活性を負に調節することを実証した。本明細書では、肺癌細胞株中の化合物1が誘導した自食作用のレベルをベクリン−1とLC3Bのイムノブロット分析により測定した。LC3Bを含むオートファゴソームを共焦点顕微鏡によって可視化した。結果は、ベクリン−1の発現が化合物1処理から24時間後および48時間後において増加したことを示した(図5A−B)。化合物1はまた、LC3B−IIへのLC3B−1の自食転換(autophagic conversion)を誘導した。さらに、LC3B−IIに関連するオートファゴソーム(緑の蛍光スポット)を、共焦点顕微鏡により観察した(図5C)。
実施例の結果を、3つの独立した実験の平均±標準誤差(SEM)として示した。有意差を決定するために、単一因子ペアワイズ分散分析統計回析(a single factor pair−wise ANOVA statistical analysis)を行った。0.05未満の両側P値は、統計的に有意であると考えられた。
6〜7週齢のCB.17スキッドマウスの雄をBioLasco Taiwan Co.,LTDから購入し、1週間検疫(quarantined)した。実験期間中、1つのケージに5匹のマウスを収容する。動物はすべて、19ー25℃のDa−Hu動物設備の中で、12時間光を当て12時間暗転させるサイクルに置かれた。動物は、げっ歯動物用のペレット剤のえさと水を自由に摂取できる。本動物実験の実験プロトコルは国立動物実験委員会(DCB)によって調査され承認された。化合物1を、12mg/mLの最終濃度へとオリーブオイルで希釈した。
移植に使用するヒト癌細胞を対数増殖期中に回収し、0.1 mLの50%マトリゲル溶液(BD Biosciences, MA, USA)中にTHP−1を2×107細胞/mLの濃度を含むようにリン酸塩緩衝食塩水で再懸濁した。平均腫瘍容量が150 mm3に達した時に、マウスを無作為に2つの群に分け、試験物質で処理した。容量は次の式を用いて計算した:
腫瘍容量=(w2×l)/2
ここでは、w=腫瘍の幅および l=腫瘍の直径の長さ(mm)とする。
以下の表は、処置計画の要約を示す。化合物1の処置はすべて、4週間、5日/週、2回/日(bID)、経口の経管栄養(PO)によって投与した。用量はすべて、10mL/kg(体重)の量で投与した。ビヒクル群には、腫瘍増殖阻害率の計算のための対照群として同量のオリーブオイルを与えた。
腫瘍を、週に2度、カリパスを用いて測定した。腫瘍増殖阻害(TGI)の百分率を、以下の式を用いて計算した:
%TGI=[1ー(T/C)]×100%
ここでは、TおよびCはそれぞれ、処置群と対照群の平均腫瘍容量を示す。実験が終了するまで、週に2度、動物の体重を測定した。体重変化を実験開始時の体重と比較して、体重の増加率として計算した。
データを平均値±SEMで示した。2つの群の間の比較を、スチューデントt検定を用いて行った。p値<0.05は統計的に有意であると考えられた。
図8は、試験化合物で処置されたTHP−1異種移植片マウスの体重にほとんど変化がなかったことを示す。癌を有するマウスは、ビヒクル(オリーブオイル)又は120mg/kgの化合物1で、4週間、週5日、1日2度、経口の経管栄養によって処置された。体重を週に2度測定した。
急性骨髄性白血病、脊髄形成異常、非ホジキンリンパ腫又は多発性骨髄腫患者の処置において、化合物1のような、本明細書中に記載されるシクロヘキセノン化合物の有効性を検討する治験。
急性骨髄性白血病、脊髄形成異常、非ホジキンリンパ腫又は多発性骨髄腫患者の処置において化合物1の効能を決定する。
試験に適格な年齢:18歳以上
疾患特性:
次の腫瘍性疾患の内の1つの診断:
急性骨髄性白血病
脊髄形成異常
低悪性度又は中悪性度の非ホジキンリンパ腫
多発性骨髄腫
年齢:18歳以上
WBCが2,500/mm3以上;血小板数が少なくとも75,000/mm3以上
経口送達のための医薬組成物を調製するために、100mgの典型的な化合物1を100mgのトウモロコシ油と混合した。混合物を、経口投与に適するカプセルの経口用量単位に組み込んだ。
堅いロゼンジのような、口腔送達のための医薬組成物を調製するために、1.6mLのライト・コーンシロップ、2.4mLの蒸留水および0.42mLのミント抽出物に420mgの粉糖を混合し、100mgの本明細書中に記載される化合物と混合した。混合物を、穏やかに混ぜ合わせ、口腔投与に適したロゼンジを形成するために型に注いだ。
吸入送達のための医薬組成物を調製するために、50mgの無水クエン酸および100mLの0.9%塩化ナトリウム水溶液に20mgの本明細書中に記載される化合物を混合した。混合物を、吸入投与に適した噴霧器のような吸入送達ユニットに組み込んだ。
Claims (20)
- 以下の構造を有する治療上有効な量のシクロヘキセノン化合物、薬学的に許容可能な塩、代謝体、溶媒和物またはそのプロドラッグを投与する工程を含む対象の白血病のリスクを処置する又は減らす方法であって:
Rは水素又はC(=O)C1−C8アルキルであり;
R1、R2およびR3の各々は独立して水素、随意に置換されたメチルまたは(CH2)m−CH3であり;
R4は、NR5R6、OR5、OC(=O)R7、C(=O)OR5、C(=O)R5、C(=O)NR5R6、ハロゲン、5または6員環ラクトン、C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、C2−C8アルキニル、アリール又はグルコシルであって、ここで、5又は6員環ラクトン、C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、C2−C8アルキニル、アリールおよびグルコシルは、NR5R6、OR5、OC(=O)R7、C(=O)OR5、C(=O)R5、C(=O)NR5R6、C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、C2−C8アルキニル、C3−C8シクロアルキルおよびC1−C8ハロアルキルから選択された1つ以上の置換基と随意に置換され;
R5とR6の各々は独立して水素又はC1−C8アルキルであり;
R7はC1−C8アルキル、OR5またはNR5R6であり;
m=1−12;及び
n=1−12である、方法。 - 白血病が急性白血病であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- 白血病が慢性白血病であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- 急性白血病が急性骨髄性白血病、急性赤白血病、急性リンパ芽球性白血病、T細胞急性リンパ芽球性白血病、成人T細胞白血病/リンパ腫、前駆体T急性リンパ芽球性白血病/リンパ腫または慢性骨髄性白血病の急性転化であることを特徴とする、請求項2記載の方法。
- 慢性白血病が慢性骨髄性白血病、慢性リンパ性白血病、又はヘアリー・セル白血病であることを特徴とする、請求項3記載の方法。
- 慢性白血病が慢性骨髄性白血病であることを特徴とする、請求項5記載の方法。
- シクロヘキセノン化合物、又はその薬学的に許容可能な塩、代謝体、溶媒和物またはプロドラッグが経口投与、非経口投与又は静脈内投与されることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- シクロヘキセノン化合物、又は薬学的に許容可能な塩、代謝体、溶媒和物またはプロドラッグが注入によって投与されることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- シクロヘキセノン化合物、又はその薬学的に許容可能な塩、代謝体、溶媒和物またはプロドラッグが経口投与されることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- 被験体がヒトであることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- 化合物は牛樟芝から分離されたことを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- Rは、水素、C(=O)C3H8、C(=O)C2H5またはC(=O)CH3であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- R1、R2およびR3の各々は、独立して水素、メチル、エチル、プロピル、ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、ヘプチルまたはオクチルであることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- R1は水素又はメチルであることを特徴とする、請求項13記載の方法。
- R2は水素又はメチルであることを特徴とする、請求項13記載の方法。
- R4は、ハロゲン、NH2、NHCH3、N(CH3)2、OCH3、OC2H5、C(=O)CH3、C(=O)C2H5、C(=O)OCH3、C(=O)OC2H5、C(=O)NHCH3、C(=O)NHC2H5、C(=O)NH2、OC(=O)CH3、OC(=O)C2H5、OC(=O)OCH3、OC(=O)OC2H5、OC(=O)NHCH3、OC(=O)NHC2H5またはOC(=O)NH2であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- R4は、C2H5C(CH3)2OH、C2H5C(CH3)2OCH3、CH2COOH、C2H5COOH、CH2OH、C2H5OH、CH2Ph、C2H5Ph、CH2CH=C(CH3)(CHO)、CH2CH=C(CH3)(C(=O)CH3)、5または6−員環ラクトン、アリール又はグルコシルであり、ここで、5または6−員環ラクトン、アリール及びグルコシルは、NR5R6、OR5、OC(=O)R7、C(=O)OR5、C(=O)R5、C(=O)NR5R6、C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、C2−C8アルキニル、C3−C8シクロアルキルおよびC1−C8ハロアルキルから選択された1つ以上の置換基と随意に置換されることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- R4は、NR5R6、OR5、OC(=O)R7、C(=O)OR5、C(=O)R5、C(=O)NR5R6、C1−C8アルキル、C2−C8アルケニル、C2−C8アルキニル、C3−C8シクロアルキルおよびC1−C8ハロアルキルから選択された1つ以上の置換基と随意に置換されるC1−C8アルキルであることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- R4は、CH2CH=C(CH3)2であることを特徴とする、請求項18記載の方法。
- 化合物が、以下の構造を有することを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
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WO2014130619A3 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
MX2015010728A (es) | 2016-04-11 |
US20150025135A1 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
KR20150120424A (ko) | 2015-10-27 |
CA2901745A1 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
DK2958558T3 (en) | 2018-09-24 |
CN105246470A (zh) | 2016-01-13 |
US9403747B2 (en) | 2016-08-02 |
AU2014218938B2 (en) | 2018-12-06 |
HK1219884A1 (zh) | 2017-04-21 |
AU2014218938A1 (en) | 2015-09-10 |
ES2687286T3 (es) | 2018-10-24 |
KR102054038B1 (ko) | 2019-12-09 |
EP2958558B1 (en) | 2018-06-13 |
EP2958558A2 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
JP6501123B2 (ja) | 2019-04-17 |
WO2014130619A2 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
TW201446240A (zh) | 2014-12-16 |
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