JP2016173251A - Particulate matter detection sensor - Google Patents

Particulate matter detection sensor Download PDF

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JP2016173251A
JP2016173251A JP2015052317A JP2015052317A JP2016173251A JP 2016173251 A JP2016173251 A JP 2016173251A JP 2015052317 A JP2015052317 A JP 2015052317A JP 2015052317 A JP2015052317 A JP 2015052317A JP 2016173251 A JP2016173251 A JP 2016173251A
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particulate matter
detection sensor
pair
detection electrodes
catalyst layer
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JP6511304B2 (en
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弘宣 下川
Hironobu Shimokawa
弘宣 下川
小池　和彦
Kazuhiko Koike
和彦 小池
田村　昌之
Masayuki Tamura
昌之 田村
真宏 山本
Masahiro Yamamoto
真宏 山本
豪 宮川
Go Miyagawa
豪 宮川
友隆 毛利
Tomotaka Mori
友隆 毛利
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Denso Corp
Soken Inc
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Nippon Soken Inc
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a particulate matter detection sensor which excels in collection performance, and with which it is possible to accurately detect the amount of particulate matter.SOLUTION: A particulate matter detection sensor 1 comprises an accumulation unit 11 in which some of particulate matter included in an exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine is accumulated, and at least a pair of detection electrodes 12 arranged in the accumulation unit 11. The particulate matter detection sensor 1 is configured so as to statically collect particulate matter in the accumulation unit 11 by an electric field generated by the application of a collection voltage to the pair of detection electrodes 12, and to change the output of an electric signal in accordance with a change in electric characteristic between the pair of detection electrodes 12 due to that particulate matter accumulates in the accumulation unit 11. A catalyst layer 13 consisting of a catalyst for selectively removing a soluble organic component is formed on the surface of the accumulation unit 11 so as to connect the pair of detection electrodes 12.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、粒子状物質検出センサに関する。   The present invention relates to a particulate matter detection sensor.

内燃機関の排気管には、排ガスに含まれる粒子状物質（Ｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｔｅ Ｍａｔｔｅｒ：ＰＭ）を捕集する排ガス浄化装置が設けられている。この排ガス浄化装置は、排ガスに含まれる粒子状物質の量を検出する粒子状物質検出センサを有する粒子状物質検出装置を備えており、この粒子状物質検出装置によって得られた情報を基に、排ガス浄化装置の故障検知が行われている。   An exhaust gas purification apparatus that collects particulate matter (PM) contained in the exhaust gas is provided in an exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine. This exhaust gas purification device includes a particulate matter detection device having a particulate matter detection sensor that detects the amount of particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas, and based on information obtained by this particulate matter detection device, Failure detection of the exhaust gas purification device is performed.

排ガス浄化装置に用いられる粒子状物質検出センサとしては、例えば、特許文献１に示されたものがある。特許文献１の粒子状物質検出センサは、多孔質の導電性物質からなる検出電極と、検出電極の電気抵抗値を検出するための一対の電極とを有している。   As a particulate matter detection sensor used in an exhaust gas purification apparatus, for example, there is one disclosed in Patent Document 1. The particulate matter detection sensor of Patent Document 1 has a detection electrode made of a porous conductive material and a pair of electrodes for detecting the electrical resistance value of the detection electrode.

特開２００６−２６６９６１号公報JP 2006-266961 A

しかしながら、特許文献１の粒子状物質検出センサには以下の課題がある。
排ガスには、内燃機関において燃焼しきれなかった未燃のオイルや燃料からなる可溶性有機物質が含まれている。粒子状物質は、導電性の煤からなり、その表面が排ガスに含まれる可溶性有機物質によって被覆されている。この可溶性有機物質は、粒子状物質に比べて電気抵抗が高い。そのため、可溶性有機物質によって被覆された粒子状物質の電気抵抗は、粒子状物質自体の電気抵抗よりも高くなる。したがって、粒子状物質の電気抵抗を検出する特許文献１の粒子状物質検出装置によって、粒子状物質の正確な量を検出することができない。 However, the particulate matter detection sensor of Patent Document 1 has the following problems.
The exhaust gas contains a soluble organic substance composed of unburned oil or fuel that could not be combusted in the internal combustion engine. The particulate material is made of conductive soot, and its surface is covered with a soluble organic material contained in the exhaust gas. This soluble organic substance has a higher electrical resistance than the particulate substance. Therefore, the electrical resistance of the particulate material coated with the soluble organic material is higher than the electrical resistance of the particulate material itself. Therefore, an accurate amount of the particulate matter cannot be detected by the particulate matter detection device of Patent Document 1 that detects the electrical resistance of the particulate matter.

また、特許文献１の粒子状物質検出装置においては、多孔質の導電性物質をフィルタとして粒子状物質を捕集している。そのため、粒子状物質の捕集量が増大すると、導電性物質において目詰まりが生じ捕集性能が低下する。   Moreover, in the particulate matter detection device of Patent Document 1, particulate matter is collected using a porous conductive material as a filter. Therefore, when the amount of particulate matter collected increases, clogging occurs in the conductive material, and the collection performance decreases.

本発明は、かかる背景に鑑みてなされたものであり、捕集性能が優れており、粒子状物質の量を正確に検知できる粒子状物質検出センサを提供しようとするものである。   The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and is intended to provide a particulate matter detection sensor that has excellent collection performance and can accurately detect the amount of particulate matter.

本発明の一態様は、内燃機関から排出される排ガスに含まれる粒子状物質の一部を堆積させる被堆積部と、該被堆積部に配置された少なくとも一対の検出電極とを備え、
該一対の検出電極に捕集電圧を印加することで発生する電界によって上記被堆積部上に上記粒子状物質を静電捕集すると共に、上記粒子状物質が上記被堆積部上に堆積することによる上記一対の検出電極間における電気特性の変化に応じて電気信号の出力を変化させるように構成されており、
上記被堆積部の表面には、上記一対の検出電極をつなぐように、可溶性有機成分を選択的に除去する触媒からなる触媒層が形成されていることを特徴とする粒子状物質検出センサにある。 One aspect of the present invention includes a deposition portion that deposits part of particulate matter contained in exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine, and at least a pair of detection electrodes disposed in the deposition portion,
The particulate matter is electrostatically collected on the deposition portion by an electric field generated by applying a collection voltage to the pair of detection electrodes, and the particulate matter is deposited on the deposition portion. Is configured to change the output of the electrical signal in accordance with the change in electrical characteristics between the pair of detection electrodes by
In the particulate matter detection sensor, a catalyst layer made of a catalyst that selectively removes soluble organic components is formed on the surface of the deposition portion so as to connect the pair of detection electrodes. .

上記粒子状物質検出センサは、可溶性有機成分を選択的に除去することができる上記触媒層を備えている。そのため、排ガスに含まれる粒子状物質が上記触媒層に付着すると、粒子状物質の表面を覆う可溶性有機成分が上記触媒層と反応し、粒子状物質から可溶性有機成分を除去することができる。これにより、上記検出電極間における電気特性の変化を正確に検出することができる。それゆえ、上記粒子状物質検出センサによれば、粒子状物質の量を正確に検出することができる。   The particulate matter detection sensor includes the catalyst layer capable of selectively removing soluble organic components. Therefore, when the particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas adheres to the catalyst layer, the soluble organic component covering the surface of the particulate matter reacts with the catalyst layer, and the soluble organic component can be removed from the particulate matter. Thereby, the change of the electrical property between the said detection electrodes can be detected correctly. Therefore, according to the particulate matter detection sensor, the amount of particulate matter can be accurately detected.

また、上記粒子状物質検出センサは、上記一対の検出電極に捕集電圧を印加することで、上記被堆積部上に上記粒子状物質を引き寄せることができる。これにより、上記粒子状物質の捕集性能を向上すると共に、堆積量が増大した際における捕集性能の低下を抑制することができる。   Further, the particulate matter detection sensor can attract the particulate matter onto the deposition target portion by applying a collection voltage to the pair of detection electrodes. Thereby, while improving the collection performance of the said particulate matter, the fall of the collection performance when the amount of deposition increases can be suppressed.

以上のごとく、本発明によれば、捕集性能が優れており、粒子状物質の量を正確に検知できる粒子状物質検出センサを提供することができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a particulate matter detection sensor that has excellent collection performance and can accurately detect the amount of particulate matter.

実施例１における、粒子状物質検出センサを示す説明図。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a particulate matter detection sensor according to the first embodiment. 図１における、II−II矢視断面図。II-II arrow sectional drawing in FIG. 実施例１における、粒子状物質検出センサの構造を示す説明図。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a structure of a particulate matter detection sensor in the first embodiment. 実施例２における、粒子状物質検出センサを示す説明図。FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a particulate matter detection sensor in Example 2. 実施例３における、粒子状物質検出センサを示す説明図。FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a particulate matter detection sensor in Example 3. 実施例４における、粒子状物質検出センサを示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows the particulate matter detection sensor in Example 4. FIG.

上記粒子状物質検出センサにおいて、上記触媒層は、上記一対の検出電極の間に部分的に突出するように形成されていることが好ましい。この場合には、上記被堆積部と上記触媒層との間に段差が形成されることにより、上記触媒層に上記粒子状物質を効率良く付着させることができる。したがって、上記粒子状物質検出センサにおける粒子状物質の捕集性能を向上することができる。   In the particulate matter detection sensor, the catalyst layer is preferably formed so as to partially protrude between the pair of detection electrodes. In this case, the particulate matter can be efficiently attached to the catalyst layer by forming a step between the deposition portion and the catalyst layer. Therefore, the particulate matter collection performance of the particulate matter detection sensor can be improved.

また、上記触媒層は、貴金属として白金又はパラジウムを含むと共に、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、ジルコニウム及びセリウムの酸化物のうち少なくとも１つを含んでいることが好ましい。この場合には、上記触媒層の反応温度を排ガス温度の近傍に設定することができる。これにより、排ガスによって加熱されることで、上記触媒層を反応に到達し、可溶性有機成分の除去性能を向上することができる。また、上記触媒層の耐熱温度を向上することができる。   The catalyst layer preferably contains platinum or palladium as a noble metal and at least one of oxides of aluminum, magnesium, zirconium and cerium. In this case, the reaction temperature of the catalyst layer can be set in the vicinity of the exhaust gas temperature. Thereby, the catalyst layer reaches the reaction by being heated by the exhaust gas, and the removal performance of the soluble organic component can be improved. Moreover, the heat-resistant temperature of the catalyst layer can be improved.

（実施例１）
上記粒子状物質検出センサにかかる実施例について、図１〜図３を参照して説明する。
図１に示すごとく、粒子状物質検出センサ１は、内燃機関から排出される排ガスに含まれる粒子状物質の一部を堆積させる被堆積部１１と、被堆積部１１に配置された少なくとも一対の検出電極１２とを備えている。粒子状物質検出センサ１は、一対の検出電極１２に捕集電圧を印加することで発生する電界によって被堆積部１１上に粒子状物質を静電捕集すると共に、粒子状物質が被堆積部１１上に堆積することによる一対の検出電極１２間における電気特性の変化に応じて電気信号の出力を変化させるように構成されている。被堆積部１１の表面には、一対の検出電極１２をつなぐように、可溶性有機成分を選択的に除去する触媒からなる触媒層１３が形成されている。 Example 1
Examples relating to the particulate matter detection sensor will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, the particulate matter detection sensor 1 includes a depositing portion 11 that deposits a part of the particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine, and at least a pair of the depositing portions 11 disposed in the depositing portion 11. And a detection electrode 12. The particulate matter detection sensor 1 electrostatically collects particulate matter on the deposition portion 11 by an electric field generated by applying a collection voltage to the pair of detection electrodes 12, and the particulate matter is deposited on the deposition portion. 11 is configured to change the output of an electrical signal in accordance with a change in electrical characteristics between the pair of detection electrodes 12 by being deposited on the electrode 11. On the surface of the portion 11 to be deposited, a catalyst layer 13 made of a catalyst that selectively removes soluble organic components is formed so as to connect the pair of detection electrodes 12.

以下、さらに詳細に説明する。
粒子状物質検出センサ１は、自動車に搭載された内燃機関から、排気管を通じて排出される排ガスに含まれる粒子状物質を検出するためのものである。粒子状物質検出センサ１によって得られた情報を基に、排ガス浄化装置の故障検知を行う。 This will be described in more detail below.
The particulate matter detection sensor 1 is for detecting particulate matter contained in exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine mounted on an automobile through an exhaust pipe. Based on the information obtained by the particulate matter detection sensor 1, failure detection of the exhaust gas purification device is performed.

図１〜図３に示すごとく、粒子状物質検出センサ１は、排ガス中の粒子状物質を堆積させる被堆積部１１と、被堆積部１１上に互いに離れて配置された複数の検出電極１２とを備えている。粒子状物質検出センサ１は、アルミナ、ジルコニア、マグネシア、ベリリアなどのセラミック材料を板状に成形した絶縁部材１１１を５枚積層することにより、棒状に形成されている。５枚の絶縁部材１１１のうち４枚には、主面の先端側に導電性材料からなる検出電極１２が形成されている。したがって、粒子状物質検出センサ１は、二対の検出電極１２を備えている。検出電極１２は、正極と負極とからなり、絶縁部材１１１を積層した際に、正極と負極とが交互に配置される。また、検出電極１２において、積層方向の両端にそれぞれ配置される正極及び負極には、検出電極１２から基端側に延びる引き出し電極部１２１が形成されている。正極の検出電極１２及び負極の検出電極１２は、それぞれ図示しないリード部によって電気的に接続されている。   As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the particulate matter detection sensor 1 includes a depositing portion 11 that deposits particulate matter in exhaust gas, and a plurality of detection electrodes 12 that are arranged apart from each other on the depositing portion 11. It has. The particulate matter detection sensor 1 is formed in a rod shape by stacking five insulating members 111 formed of a ceramic material such as alumina, zirconia, magnesia, and beryllia in a plate shape. Four of the five insulating members 111 have detection electrodes 12 made of a conductive material on the leading end side of the main surface. Therefore, the particulate matter detection sensor 1 includes two pairs of detection electrodes 12. The detection electrode 12 includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode. When the insulating member 111 is stacked, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are alternately arranged. Further, in the detection electrode 12, lead electrode portions 121 extending from the detection electrode 12 to the proximal end side are formed on the positive electrode and the negative electrode respectively disposed at both ends in the stacking direction. The positive detection electrode 12 and the negative detection electrode 12 are electrically connected by lead portions (not shown).

５枚の絶縁部材１１１を積層した状態において、検出電極１２と絶縁部材１１１との積層方向及び軸方向Ｄと直交する側方Ｓ側に被堆積部１１が形成される。被堆積部１１には、絶縁部材１１１と検出電極１２とが交互に積層された積層部１０が形成されている。被堆積部１１は、検出電極１２が形成された絶縁部材１１１を積層した後、その先端部を研磨することで、検出電極１２の端面を露出させている。   In a state where the five insulating members 111 are stacked, the portion to be deposited 11 is formed on the side S side orthogonal to the stacking direction of the detection electrode 12 and the insulating member 111 and the axial direction D. In the portion 11 to be deposited, a laminated portion 10 in which insulating members 111 and detection electrodes 12 are alternately laminated is formed. The deposited portion 11 exposes the end face of the detection electrode 12 by laminating the insulating member 111 on which the detection electrode 12 is formed and then polishing the tip.

触媒層１３は、二対の検出電極１２と直交するように５本形成されている。触媒層１３は、可溶性有機成分を選択的に除去する触媒からなる。本例の触媒層１３は、貴金属材料である白金と、アルミニウムの酸化物とを含んでおり、反応温度は、１５０℃〜２００℃である。なお、排ガスの温度は、１５０℃〜４００℃程度であり、排ガスによって加熱されることで、触媒層１３が反応温度に到達する。また、白金とアルミニウムの酸化物との比率は、重量比で５：９５である
。 Five catalyst layers 13 are formed so as to be orthogonal to the two pairs of detection electrodes 12. The catalyst layer 13 is made of a catalyst that selectively removes soluble organic components. The catalyst layer 13 of this example contains platinum which is a noble metal material and an oxide of aluminum, and the reaction temperature is 150 ° C. to 200 ° C. The temperature of the exhaust gas is about 150 ° C. to 400 ° C., and the catalyst layer 13 reaches the reaction temperature by being heated by the exhaust gas. The ratio of platinum to aluminum oxide is 5:95 by weight.

粒子状物質検出センサ１において、触媒層１３に粒子状物質が堆積すると、一対の検出電極１２間の電気抵抗値が低下する。このとき、触媒層１３は、排ガスによって加熱されて反応温度に達し、触媒層１３に堆積した粒子状物質の表面を覆う可溶性有機成分と反応し、粒子状物質の表面を覆う可溶性有機成分が除去される。そして、粒子状物質が一対の検出電極１２間を繋ぐ導通パスを形成することによって一対の検出電極１２間における電気抵抗値の低下が生じる。一対の検出電極１２の間には電圧が印加されており、一対の検出電極１２間の電気抵抗値の変化に伴い、検出電極１２間を流れる電気信号としての電流量が変化する。これにより、粒子状物質検出センサ１からコントロールユニットへと出力される電流値が変化する。つまり、粒子状物質検出センサ１から出力される電流値は、触媒層１３における粒子状物質の堆積質量に応じて変化するものであり、粒子状物質の堆積量に関する情報を有するものである。コントロールユニットは、出力された電流値をＥＣＵ（エンジンコントロールユニット）へと出力する。   In the particulate matter detection sensor 1, when particulate matter is deposited on the catalyst layer 13, the electrical resistance value between the pair of detection electrodes 12 decreases. At this time, the catalyst layer 13 is heated by the exhaust gas to reach the reaction temperature, reacts with the soluble organic component covering the surface of the particulate matter deposited on the catalyst layer 13, and the soluble organic component covering the surface of the particulate matter is removed. Is done. Then, when the particulate matter forms a conduction path that connects the pair of detection electrodes 12, a decrease in the electrical resistance value between the pair of detection electrodes 12 occurs. A voltage is applied between the pair of detection electrodes 12, and the amount of current as an electric signal flowing between the detection electrodes 12 changes with a change in the electrical resistance value between the pair of detection electrodes 12. Thereby, the current value output from the particulate matter detection sensor 1 to the control unit changes. That is, the current value output from the particulate matter detection sensor 1 changes according to the particulate matter deposition mass in the catalyst layer 13 and has information on the particulate matter deposition amount. The control unit outputs the output current value to the ECU (engine control unit).

次に、本例の作用効果について説明する。
粒子状物質検出センサ１は、可溶性有機成分を選択的に除去することができる触媒層１３を備えている。そのため、排ガスに含まれる粒子状物質が触媒層１３に付着すると、粒子状物質の表面を覆う可溶性有機成分が触媒層１３と反応し、粒子状物質から可溶性有機成分を除去することができる。これにより、粒子状物質の電気抵抗を正確に検出し、検出電極１２間における電気特性の変化を正確に検出することができる。それゆえ、粒子状物質検出センサ１によれば、粒子状物質の量を正確に検出することができる。 Next, the function and effect of this example will be described.
The particulate matter detection sensor 1 includes a catalyst layer 13 that can selectively remove soluble organic components. Therefore, when the particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas adheres to the catalyst layer 13, the soluble organic component that covers the surface of the particulate matter reacts with the catalyst layer 13, and the soluble organic component can be removed from the particulate matter. Thereby, the electrical resistance of the particulate matter can be accurately detected, and a change in electrical characteristics between the detection electrodes 12 can be accurately detected. Therefore, the particulate matter detection sensor 1 can accurately detect the amount of particulate matter.

また、粒子状物質検出センサ１は、一対の検出電極１２に捕集電圧を印加することで、被堆積部１１上に粒子状物質を引き寄せることができる。これにより、粒子状物質の捕集性能を向上すると共に、堆積量が増大した際における捕集性能の低下を抑制することができる。   The particulate matter detection sensor 1 can attract the particulate matter onto the deposition target portion 11 by applying a collection voltage to the pair of detection electrodes 12. Thereby, while improving the collection performance of a particulate matter, the fall of the collection performance when the amount of accumulation increases can be suppressed.

また、触媒層１３は、一対の検出電極１２の間を部分的に繋ぐように形成されている。そして、触媒層１３がその厚み分、被堆積部１１から突出して、被堆積部１１と触媒層１３との間に段差が形成されることにより、触媒層１３に粒子状物質を効率良く付着させることができる。したがって、粒子状物質検出センサ１における粒子状物質の捕集性能を向上することができる。   The catalyst layer 13 is formed so as to partially connect the pair of detection electrodes 12. Then, the catalyst layer 13 protrudes from the deposition portion 11 by the thickness, and a step is formed between the deposition portion 11 and the catalyst layer 13, so that the particulate matter is efficiently attached to the catalyst layer 13. be able to. Therefore, the particulate matter collection performance of the particulate matter detection sensor 1 can be improved.

また、触媒層１３は、貴金属として白金を含むと共に、アルミニウムの酸化物を含んでいる。そのため、触媒層１３の反応温度を排ガス温度の近傍に設定することができる。これにより、排ガスによって加熱されることで、触媒層１３を反応に到達し、可溶性有機成分の除去性能を向上することができる。また、触媒層１３の耐熱温度を向上することができる。   The catalyst layer 13 includes platinum as a noble metal and an oxide of aluminum. Therefore, the reaction temperature of the catalyst layer 13 can be set in the vicinity of the exhaust gas temperature. Thereby, the catalyst layer 13 reaches the reaction by being heated by the exhaust gas, and the removal performance of the soluble organic component can be improved. Moreover, the heat-resistant temperature of the catalyst layer 13 can be improved.

以上のごとく、本例によれば、捕集性能が優れており、粒子状物質の量を正確に検知できる粒子状物質検出センサ１を提供することができる。   As described above, according to this example, it is possible to provide the particulate matter detection sensor 1 that has excellent collection performance and can accurately detect the amount of the particulate matter.

（確認試験）
本試験においては、触媒層の有無による粒子状物質検出センサにおける検出感度への影響を確認した。
本試験には、上述の実施例１に示した粒子状物質検出センサ１と、触媒層が形成されていない粒子状物質検出センサとを用いて検出感度の比較を行った。なお、実験に用いた粒子状物質検出センサ１は、検出電極１２としてアルミナからなる絶縁部材１１１に、重量比で白金８５重量％とアルミナ１５重量％とで混合した混合物からなる二対の検出電極１２を備え、触媒層１３は、白金５重量％とアルミナ９５重量％とからなる。
触媒層が形成されていない粒子状物質検出センサにおいて、触媒層が形成されていないこと以外の構成は実施例１と同様である。尚、本例又は本例に関する図面において用いた符号のうち、実施例１において用いた符号と同一のものは、特に示さない限り、実施例１と同様の構成要素等を表す。 (Confirmation test)
In this test, the influence of the presence or absence of the catalyst layer on the detection sensitivity of the particulate matter detection sensor was confirmed.
In this test, the detection sensitivity was compared using the particulate matter detection sensor 1 shown in Example 1 described above and the particulate matter detection sensor in which the catalyst layer was not formed. In addition, the particulate matter detection sensor 1 used in the experiment has two pairs of detection electrodes made of a mixture of 85 wt% platinum and 15 wt% alumina in a weight ratio with an insulating member 111 made of alumina as the detection electrode 12. 12 and the catalyst layer 13 is composed of 5 wt% platinum and 95 wt% alumina.
In the particulate matter detection sensor in which the catalyst layer is not formed, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment except that the catalyst layer is not formed. Of the reference numerals used in this example or the drawings relating to this example, the same reference numerals as those used in the first embodiment represent the same components as in the first embodiment unless otherwise specified.

本試験においては、内燃機関の運転条件を変化させて、排ガスの温度及び排ガスにおける粒子状物質の濃度を変化させた際の不感質量を比較した。不感質量とは、粒子状物質検出センサにおいて導通パスが形成され、粒子状物質検出センサの電気特性が変化するまでの間に、排気管内を流通した排気ガスに含まれる粒子状物質の量を示すものである。尚、可溶性有機成分が付着し電気抵抗が大きい粒子状物質を堆積させた際には、不感質量が大きくなり、可溶性有機成分を除去し電気抵抗が小さい粒子状物質を堆積させた際には、不感質量が小さくなる。   In this test, the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine were changed to compare the dead mass when the exhaust gas temperature and the concentration of particulate matter in the exhaust gas were changed. Dead mass refers to the amount of particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas that circulates in the exhaust pipe until a conduction path is formed in the particulate matter detection sensor and the electrical characteristics of the particulate matter detection sensor change. Is. In addition, when a particulate matter having a high electrical resistance is deposited by adhering a soluble organic component, the dead mass is increased, and when a particulate matter having a low electrical resistance is deposited by removing the soluble organic component, The dead mass is reduced.

Figure 2016173251
Figure 2016173251

本試験においては、内燃機関の運転条件を表１の条件Ａ〜条件Ｄに変化させた。条件Ａは、内燃機関の回転数を１２００ｒｐｍとし、排ガスの温度が１８５℃、排ガスにおける粒子状物質の濃度が５．７ｍｇ／ｍ3である。条件Ｂは、内燃機関の回転数を１４５０ｒｐｍとし、排ガスの温度が２５０℃、排ガスにおける粒子状物質の濃度が６．１ｍｇ／ｍ3である。条件Ｃは、内燃機関の回転数を１６５０ｒｐｍとし、排ガスの温度が１８０℃、排ガスにおける粒子状物質の濃度が６ｍｇ／ｍ3である。条件Ｄは、内燃機関の回転数を２２５０ｒｐｍとし、排ガスの温度が４２０℃、排ガスにおける粒子状物質の濃度が６．３ｍｇ／ｍ3である。 In this test, the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine were changed to conditions A to D in Table 1. Condition A is that the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is 1200 rpm, the temperature of the exhaust gas is 185 ° C., and the concentration of the particulate matter in the exhaust gas is 5.7 mg / m 3 . Condition B is that the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is 1450 rpm, the temperature of the exhaust gas is 250 ° C., and the concentration of particulate matter in the exhaust gas is 6.1 mg / m 3 . Condition C is that the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is 1650 rpm, the temperature of the exhaust gas is 180 ° C., and the concentration of particulate matter in the exhaust gas is 6 mg / m 3 . Condition D is that the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is 2250 rpm, the temperature of the exhaust gas is 420 ° C., and the concentration of the particulate matter in the exhaust gas is 6.3 mg / m 3 .

表１における結果１は、実施例１の粒子状物質検出センサ１における不感質量の検出結果を示すものである。また、結果２は、触媒層が形成されていない粒子状物質検出センサ１における不感質量の検出結果を示すものである。結果１及び結果２に示すごとく、条件Ａ〜条件Ｄのいずれの場合においても、実施例１の粒子状物質検出センサ１における不感質量及び不感質量のバラつきが小さくなった。これは、粒子状物質検出センサ１に堆積した粒子状物質から可溶性有機成分が除去され、電気抵抗値のバラつきが低減されたことによると考えられる。したがって、実施例１の粒子状物質検出センサ１によれば、触媒層が形成されていない粒子状物質検出センサに比べて、粒子状物質の堆積量を正確に検知することができる。   The result 1 in Table 1 shows the detection result of the dead mass in the particulate matter detection sensor 1 of Example 1. Result 2 shows the detection result of the dead mass in the particulate matter detection sensor 1 in which the catalyst layer is not formed. As shown in the results 1 and 2, in any of the conditions A to D, the variation in the dead mass and the dead mass in the particulate matter detection sensor 1 of Example 1 was reduced. This is considered to be due to the fact that the soluble organic component was removed from the particulate matter deposited on the particulate matter detection sensor 1 and the variation in electrical resistance value was reduced. Therefore, according to the particulate matter detection sensor 1 of the first embodiment, the amount of particulate matter deposited can be accurately detected as compared with the particulate matter detection sensor in which the catalyst layer is not formed.

（実施例２）
本例は、図４に示すごとく、実施例１の粒子状物質検出センサ１における構造を一部変更した例である。
本例の粒子状物質検出センサ１の触媒層１３は、二対の検出電極１２のうちの一対を繋ぐように形成されており、残る一対の検出電極１２は触媒層１３によって繋がれていない。
その他の構成は実施例１と同様である。尚、本例又は本例に関する図面において用いた符号のうち、実施例１において用いた符号と同一のものは、特に示さない限り、実施例１と同様の構成要素等を表す。 (Example 2)
In this example, as shown in FIG. 4, the structure of the particulate matter detection sensor 1 of Example 1 is partially changed.
The catalyst layer 13 of the particulate matter detection sensor 1 of this example is formed so as to connect a pair of the two pairs of detection electrodes 12, and the remaining pair of detection electrodes 12 are not connected by the catalyst layer 13.
Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. Of the reference numerals used in this example or the drawings relating to this example, the same reference numerals as those used in the first embodiment represent the same components as in the first embodiment unless otherwise specified.

本例の粒子状物質検出センサ１は、触媒層１３によって繋がった一対の検出電極１２における電気信号の出力と、触媒層１３によって繋がっていない一対の検出電極１２における電気信号の出力とを比較することにより、粒子状物質における可溶性有機成分の付着量を検出することができる。これを利用して、内燃機関の運転条件を制御することにより、内燃機関の運転条件の最適化を図ることができる。
また、本例においても実施例１と同様の作用効果を得ることができる。 The particulate matter detection sensor 1 of this example compares the output of the electrical signal at the pair of detection electrodes 12 connected by the catalyst layer 13 with the output of the electrical signal at the pair of detection electrodes 12 not connected by the catalyst layer 13. Thereby, the adhesion amount of the soluble organic component in the particulate matter can be detected. By using this to control the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine, the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine can be optimized.
Also in this example, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

（実施例３）
本例は、図５に示すごとく、実施例１とは構造の異なる粒子状物質検出センサ１の例である。
本例の粒子状物質検出センサ１において、被堆積部１１は、略長方形の板状をなしており、絶縁性材料によって形成されている。被堆積部１１における粒子状物質を堆積させる一面には、互いに離れて配置された一対の検出電極１２と、一対の検出電極１２をつなぐように形成された触媒層１３とが形成されている。一対の検出電極１２は、導電性材料からなり、被堆積部１１の表面にパターン印刷によって形成されている。一対の検出電極１２は、被堆積部１１における長手方向と平行に形成された電極基部１２２と、電極基部１２２から長手方向と直交して延設された複数の櫛歯部１２３とをそれぞれ有している。各検出電極１２は、電極基部１２２が互いに向かい合うように配置されると共に、一方の検出電極１２における櫛歯部１２３の間に、他方の検出電極１２における櫛歯部１２３が入り込むように配置されている。 (Example 3)
As shown in FIG. 5, this example is an example of a particulate matter detection sensor 1 having a structure different from that of the first embodiment.
In the particulate matter detection sensor 1 of this example, the portion 11 to be deposited has a substantially rectangular plate shape and is formed of an insulating material. On one surface on which the particulate matter is deposited in the portion 11 to be deposited, a pair of detection electrodes 12 disposed apart from each other and a catalyst layer 13 formed so as to connect the pair of detection electrodes 12 are formed. The pair of detection electrodes 12 is made of a conductive material, and is formed on the surface of the deposition target portion 11 by pattern printing. Each of the pair of detection electrodes 12 includes an electrode base 122 formed in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the portion 11 to be deposited and a plurality of comb teeth 123 extending from the electrode base 122 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. ing. Each detection electrode 12 is arranged so that the electrode base parts 122 face each other, and is arranged so that the comb tooth part 123 of the other detection electrode 12 enters between the comb tooth parts 123 of one detection electrode 12. Yes.

触媒層１３は、被堆積部１１において、一対の検出電極１２の電極基部１２２の外縁及び長手方向の両端に配設された櫛歯部１２３の外縁よりも内側の範囲において、一対の検出電極１２の表面を除く全面に形成されている。
その他の構成は実施例１と同様である。尚、本例又は本例に関する図面において用いた符号のうち、実施例１において用いた符号と同一のものは、特に示さない限り、実施例１と同様の構成要素等を表す。
本例においても実施例１と同様の作用効果を得ることができる。 The catalyst layer 13 has a pair of detection electrodes 12 in the deposition portion 11 in a range inside the outer edges of the electrode base portions 122 of the pair of detection electrodes 12 and the outer edges of the comb tooth portions 123 disposed at both ends in the longitudinal direction. It is formed on the entire surface except the surface.
Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. Of the reference numerals used in this example or the drawings relating to this example, the same reference numerals as those used in the first embodiment represent the same components as in the first embodiment unless otherwise specified.
Also in this example, it is possible to obtain the same effect as that of the first embodiment.

（実施例４）
本例は、図６に示すごとく、実施例３の粒子状物質検出センサ１における構造を一部変更した例を示すものである。
本例の粒子状物質検出センサ１において、被堆積部１１には、２本の触媒層１３が形成されている。触媒層１３は、粒子状物質検出センサ１の軸方向Ｄと並行で、かつ一対の検出電極１２の櫛歯部１２３を繋ぐように形成されている。
その他の構成は実施例３と同様である。尚、本例又は本例に関する図面において用いた符号のうち、実施例３において用いた符号と同一のものは、特に示さない限り、実施例３と同様の構成要素等を表す。
本例においても実施例３と同様の作用効果を得ることができる。 Example 4
This example shows an example in which the structure of the particulate matter detection sensor 1 of Example 3 is partially changed as shown in FIG.
In the particulate matter detection sensor 1 of this example, two catalyst layers 13 are formed on the deposition target portion 11. The catalyst layer 13 is formed to be parallel to the axial direction D of the particulate matter detection sensor 1 and to connect the comb teeth 123 of the pair of detection electrodes 12.
Other configurations are the same as those of the third embodiment. Of the reference numerals used in this example or the drawings relating to this example, the same reference numerals as those used in the third embodiment denote the same components as in the third embodiment unless otherwise specified.
In this example, the same effect as that of the third embodiment can be obtained.

１ 粒子状物質検出センサ
１１ 被堆積部
１２ 検出電極
１３ 触媒層 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Particulate matter detection sensor 11 Deposited part 12 Detection electrode 13 Catalyst layer

Claims (4)

内燃機関から排出される排ガスに含まれる粒子状物質の一部を堆積させる被堆積部（１１）と、該被堆積部（１１）に配置された少なくとも一対の検出電極（１２）とを備え、
該一対の検出電極（１２）に捕集電圧を印加することで発生する電界によって上記被堆積部（１１）上に上記粒子状物質を静電捕集すると共に、上記粒子状物質が上記被堆積部（１１）上に堆積することによる上記一対の検出電極（１２）間における電気特性の変化に応じて電気信号の出力を変化させるように構成されており、
上記被堆積部（１１）の表面には、上記一対の検出電極（１２）をつなぐように、可溶性有機成分を選択的に除去する触媒からなる触媒層（１３）が形成されていることを特徴とする粒子状物質検出センサ（１）。 A deposition portion (11) for depositing a part of particulate matter contained in exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine, and at least a pair of detection electrodes (12) disposed in the deposition portion (11);
The particulate matter is electrostatically collected on the deposition portion (11) by an electric field generated by applying a collection voltage to the pair of detection electrodes (12), and the particulate matter is deposited. An output of an electrical signal is changed according to a change in electrical characteristics between the pair of detection electrodes (12) by being deposited on the part (11),
A catalyst layer (13) made of a catalyst that selectively removes soluble organic components is formed on the surface of the deposition part (11) so as to connect the pair of detection electrodes (12). A particulate matter detection sensor (1). 上記触媒層（１３）は、上記一対の検出電極（１２）の間を部分的に繋ぐように形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の粒子状物質検出センサ（１）。   The particulate matter detection sensor (1) according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst layer (13) is formed so as to partially connect the pair of detection electrodes (12). 上記触媒層（１３）は、貴金属として白金又はパラジウムを含むと共に、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、ジルコニウム及びセリウムの酸化物のうち少なくとも１つを含んでいることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の粒子状物質検出センサ（１）。   The particle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the catalyst layer (13) contains platinum or palladium as a noble metal and at least one of oxides of aluminum, magnesium, zirconium and cerium. A substance detection sensor (1). 上記被堆積部（１１）には、複数対の上記検出電極（１２）が形成されており、複数対の検出電極（１２）のうちの一部は、上記触媒層（１３）によって繋がれていないことを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか一項に記載の粒子状物質検出センサ（１）。   A plurality of pairs of the detection electrodes (12) are formed in the deposition portion (11), and a part of the plurality of pairs of detection electrodes (12) is connected by the catalyst layer (13). The particulate matter detection sensor (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the particulate matter detection sensor (1) is not present.
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