JP2016156028A - 改善された摩耗性能を有する流体組成物 - Google Patents
改善された摩耗性能を有する流体組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016156028A JP2016156028A JP2016107021A JP2016107021A JP2016156028A JP 2016156028 A JP2016156028 A JP 2016156028A JP 2016107021 A JP2016107021 A JP 2016107021A JP 2016107021 A JP2016107021 A JP 2016107021A JP 2016156028 A JP2016156028 A JP 2016156028A
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- oil
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Classifications
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- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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- C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、摩擦改変剤を含みかつ改善された耐摩耗性能を供給する潤滑組成物を使用することによって、機械式デバイスを潤滑する方法に関する。本発明は、そこで使用される潤滑組成物をさらに提供する。
油圧システム(hydraulic system)、循環油もしくは別の産業用油に適した潤滑組成物において、金属含有耐摩耗剤(例えば、亜鉛含有耐摩耗剤)を使用することは公知である。しかし、このような因子は、上記油圧システムにおいて沈殿物(例えば、樹脂)、スラッジおよびニス状物質を形成し得る。これら沈殿物は、バルブ固着および反応の鈍い制御を引き起こすことによって、上記油圧システムの性能を損なう。さらに、これらシステムの洗浄は困難である。なぜなら、上記沈殿物は、機械的な剥離なしでは除去するのが困難であるからである。
本発明は、産業用流体(industrial fluid)、油圧流体(hydraulic fluid)、タービン油、循環油、もしくはこれらの組み合わせを要する機械式デバイスを潤滑する方法を提供し、上記方法は、(I)上記機械式デバイスに、以下:(a)潤滑粘性の油であって、上記油は、実質的に硫黄を含まない、潤滑粘性の油;および(b)摩擦改変剤;を含む潤滑組成物を供給し、上記デバイス内で、低摩耗、低摩擦、もしくはこれらの組み合わせを生じる工程、を包含する。
本発明は、上記に規定されるように、潤滑組成物および方法を提供する。本明細書で使用される場合、水に関して用語「実質的に〜を含まない」とは、上記潤滑組成物が多くて夾雑量の水(例えば、上記潤滑組成物のうちの約1重量%未満、好ましくは約0.5重量%未満、もしくはさらには約0.2重量%以下で水が存在する)を含むことを意味する。
上記潤滑組成物は、潤滑粘性の油を含む。このような油としては、天然油および合成油、水素化分解、水素化、および水素仕上げ(hydro−finishing)、未精製、精製、および再精製の油から得られる油、ならびにこれらの混合物が挙げられる。
プIの基油を含む油圧流体は、代表的には、比較的高い硫黄レベルを含み、本発明の使用が必要とされないように、より良好な摩耗特性を本質的に有し得る。対称的に、低硫黄分油圧流体(例えば、グループIIの基油および同様の低硫黄分の油を含むもの)は、より悪い摩耗特性を有する。本発明の組成物は、この課題に対処し、このような流体の摩耗特性を改善する。いくつかの実施形態において、この改善は、上記流体の解乳化性に負に影響を及ぼすことなく達成される。
異性化ワックスベースストック(0.01% 硫黄/142 VI)、および250N
異性化ワックスベースストック(0.01% 硫黄/146 VI));精製ベースストック(例えば、250N 溶媒精製パラフィン性ミネラルオイル(0.16% 硫黄/89 VI)、200N 溶媒精製ナフテン性ミネラルオイル(0.2% 硫黄/60 VI)、100N 溶媒精製/水素処理パラフィン性ミネラルオイル(0.01% 硫黄/98 VI)、240N 溶媒精製/水素処理パラフィン性ミネラルオイル(0.01% 硫黄/98 VI)、80N 溶媒精製/水素処理パラフィン性ミネラルオイル(0.08% 硫黄/127 VI)、および150N 溶媒精製/水素処理パラフィン性ミネラルオイル(0.17% 硫黄/127 VI))が挙げられる。潤滑粘性の油の説明は、米国特許第4,582,618号(第2欄37行目〜第3欄63行目(両端含む))にある。
cStポリオレフィン、6 cStポリオレフィン、40 cStポリオレフィン、および100 cStポリαオレフィンが挙げられる。
成物は、少なくともSAE 75WのSAEギア粘性グレードを有する。他の実施形態において、本発明の潤滑組成物は、40℃において30〜60cSt、もしくは40℃において35〜46cSt、もしくは40℃において約46cStのKVを有する。このような実施形態は、50〜200、50〜150、75〜125、もしくは約100の粘性指数(VI)を有し得る。
。本発明の潤滑組成物が濃縮物(これは、さらなる油と合わせて、全体としてもしくは部分的に、最終の潤滑剤を形成し得る)の形態にある場合、上記潤滑剤(a)〜(d) 対
上記潤滑粘性の油および/もしくは希釈油の比は、重量で約1:99〜約99:1、もしくは重量で約80:20〜約10:90の範囲を含む。
本発明の方法および組成物において使用される摩擦改変剤は、摩擦改変剤および/もしくは潤滑性補助剤として一般に公知のものを含み得る。このような添加剤の有用なリストは、米国特許第4,792,410号に含まれる。米国特許第5,110,488号は、摩擦改変剤として有用な脂肪酸に金属塩および具体的には亜鉛塩を開示する。脂肪酸はまた、有用な摩擦改変剤である。本発明に適した摩擦改変剤のリストは、(i)脂肪ホスファイトおよび/もしくはホスホネート;(ii)脂肪酸アミド;(iii)脂肪エポキシド;(iv)ホウ酸化脂肪エポキシド;(v)脂肪アミン;(vi)グリセロールエステル;(vii)ホウ酸化グリセロールエステル;(viii)アルコキシル化脂肪アミン;(ix)ホウ酸化アルコキシル化脂肪アミン;(x)脂肪酸の金属塩;(xi)硫化オレフィン;(xii)脂肪イミダゾリン;(xiii)カルボン酸もしくは等価物およびポルアルキレン−ポリアミンの縮合生成物;(xiv)サリチル酸アルキルの金属塩;(xv)アルキルリン酸のアミン塩;(xvi)脂肪エステル;(xvii)カルボン酸もしくは等価物と、ポリオールとの縮合生成物、ならびにこれらの混合物を含む。
/25(ポリオキシエチレン[15]オクタデシルアミン)である。脂肪アミンおよびエトキシル化脂肪アミンはまた、米国特許第4,741,848号に記載される。ジヒドロキシエチルタロウアミン(ENT−12TMとして市販されている)は、アミンのこれらタイプに含まれる。
ルの脂肪酸エステルを、反応水を除去しながらホウ酸でホウ酸化することによって調製される。好ましくは、各炭素が、反応混合物中に存在する1.5〜2.5個のヒドロキシル基と反応するように、十分なホウ酸が存在する。上記反応は、60℃〜135℃の範囲の温度において、任意の適切な有機溶媒(例えば、メタノール、ベンゼン、キシレン、トルエン、もしくは油)の非存在下もしくは存在下で行われ得る。
本発明の組成物は、必要に応じて、金属含有分散剤を含み得る。上記分散剤は、0〜5重量%、もしくは0.05〜2.5重量%、もしくは0.1〜1.5重量%の範囲で存在し得る。種々の実施形態において、上記金属含有分散剤は、0.2重量%、0.3重量%、0.5重量%、0.7重量%、0.9重量%、もしくは1.1重量%で存在する。
本発明の組成物は、金属ジヒドロカルビルジチオホスフェートをさらに含み得る。本発明における使用に適した金属ジヒドロカルビルジチオホスフェートは、少なくとも1種の分枝状ヒドロカルビル基を含む。上記ヒドロカルビルジチオホスフェートとしては、以下の式によって表されるものが挙げられ:
上記組成物は、必要に応じて、界面活性剤、抗酸化剤、防錆剤、もしくはこれらの混合物を含む1種以上の添加剤を含み得る。
(R1)k-A-SO3M (I)
ここで各R1は、ヒドロカルビル基であり、一実施形態において、約6〜約40個、もしくは約8〜約35個、もしくは約8〜約30個の炭素原子を含むヒドロカルビル基であり;Aは、独立して、環式もしくは非環式の二価もしくは多価の炭化水素基であってもよく、代表的には、芳香族であり;Mは、水素、金属イオンの結合価、アンモニウムイオンもしくはこれらの混合物であり;kは、0〜約5の整数(例えば、0、1、2、3、4、5)である。一実施形態において、kは、1、2もしくは3であり、別の実施形態において、1もしくは2であり、別の実施形態において、2である。
/もしくは第2の芳香族基に連結する架橋基でさらに置換される。適切なヒンダードフェノール抗酸化剤の例としては、2,6−ジ−tert−ブチルフェノール、4−メチル−2,6−ジ−tert−ブチルフェノール、4−エチル−2,6−ジ−tert−ブチルフェノール、4−プロピル−2,6−ジ−tert−ブチルフェノール、4−ブチル−2,6−ジ−tert−ブチルフェノール、もしくは2,6−ジ−tert−ブチルフェノールが挙げられる。一実施形態において、上記ヒンダードフェノール抗酸化剤は、エステルであり、これらとしては、例えば、Ciba製のIrganoxTM L−135が挙げられ得る。抗酸化剤として使用され得るジチオカルバミン酸モリブデンの適切な例としては、商品名の下で販売される市販の材料(例えば、R.T.Vanderbilt Co.,Ltd.製のVanlube 822TMおよびMolyvanTM A、ならびにAsahi Denka Kogyo K.K製のAdeka Sakura−LubeTM S−100、S−165およびS−600、ならびにこれらの混合物)が挙げられる。
。一実施形態において、上記防錆剤は、N,N−ビス(2−エチルヘキシル)−ar−メチル−1H−ベンゾトリアゾール−1−メタンアミンである。
本発明の方法および潤滑組成物は、適切な産業用流体、油圧流体、タービン油、循環油、もしくはこれらの組み合わせであり得る。種々の実施形態において、上記潤滑組成物は、種々の機械式デバイス(産業システム、油圧システムもしくはタービンを含む)に適している。一実施形態において、上記潤滑組成物は、油圧システムに適している。
(比較実施例1)。 油圧流体組成物を、添加剤パッケージAを、Petro CanadaTM グループIIの油に、1.62重量%のレベルで添加することによって調製する。添加剤パッケージAは、ポリイソブチレンコハク酸無水物から得られる亜鉛含有分散剤、ジアルキルジフェニルアミン抗酸化剤、ヒンダードフェノール抗酸化剤、ジアルキルジチオリン酸亜鉛、消泡剤、防錆剤、および金属不活性化剤を含む。Petro CanadaTM グループIIの油は、本質的に硫黄非含有である。
比較実施例1の組成物に添加することによって調製する。
2-比較実施例1についての失敗結果における差異は、上記試験が、上記試験後にピスト
ンポンプ表面上の摩耗を測定する場合に以上ではない。失敗試験は、300mg失敗制限を通過すると、しばしば素早く悪化する部分摩耗を引き起こす。
3-実施例3は、比較実施例1と同じ基油および添加剤パッケージを使用する。その結果
はなお失敗であるが、実施例3は、比較実施例1を超える摩耗試験結果の改善を示す。
ける改善された摩耗性能の必要性を示す。グループIベースの油圧流体は、比較実施例2によって実証されるように、おそらくそれらの高い硫黄含有量に起因して、顕著により良好な摩耗特性を有する。種々の環境的および調和の制限は、基油硫黄レベルの低下およびより多くのグループIIベースのおよび類似の油圧流体に対する手段を生じるので、耐摩耗性能は、より問題になる。
(実施例7)。 油圧流体組成物を、添加剤パッケージA(上記の比較実施例1に記載されるとおり)をMotiva Star グループIIの油に1.62重量%のレベルで添加することによって調製される。次いで、上記流体を、3つの部分に分け、各々を、種々のレベルのグリセロールモノオレエートで(1つは、500ppmで、1つは、1000ppmで、および1つは5000ppmで)処理する。
pmおよび3000ppmにおいて上記摩擦改変剤で処理する。
(項目1)産業用流体、油圧流体、タービン油、循環油、もしくはこれらの組み合わせを要する機械式デバイスを潤滑する方法であって、該方法は、
I.該機械式デバイスに、以下:
(a)潤滑粘性の油であって、ここで該油は、実質的に硫黄を含まない、潤滑粘性の油;および
(b)摩擦改変剤;
を含む潤滑組成物を供給し、該デバイス内で、低摩耗、低摩擦、もしくはこれらの組み合わせを生じる工程、
を包含する、方法。
(項目2)成分(a)は、グループIIの油、グループIIIの油、GTL油、ポリαオレフィン、もしくはこれらの組み合わせを含み、成分(a)は、1000ppm未満の硫黄含有量を有する、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目3)上記潤滑組成物は、分散剤、抗酸化剤、防錆剤、カルボン酸もしくは酸無水物、またはこれらの組み合わせをさらに含む、前述の項目のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目4)上記潤滑組成物は、界面活性剤、耐摩耗剤、消泡剤、金属不活性化剤、解乳化剤、界面活性安定化剤、もしくはこれらの組み合わせをさらに含む、前述の項目のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目5)上記潤滑組成物は、ジヒドロカルビル置換ジチオホスフェート金属をさらに含み、ここで少なくとも1個のヒドロカルビル基は、分枝状一級ヒドロカルビル基である、前述の請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目6)上記潤滑組成物は、金属非含有のジヒドロカルビル置換ジチオホスフェートをさらに含み、ここで少なくとも1個のヒドロカルビル基は、分枝状一級ヒドロカルビル基である、前述の項目のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目7)上記機械式デバイスは、油圧システムである、前述の項目のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目8)成分(b)は、脂肪ホスファイト、脂肪酸アミド、脂肪アミン、脂肪酸、脂肪エステル、カルボン酸もしくは等価物と、ポルアルキレン−ポリアミンおよび/もしくはポリオールとの縮合生成物、ホウ酸化脂肪アミン、ホウ酸化脂肪エポキシド、グリセロールエステル、ホウ酸化グリセロールエステル、脂肪イミダゾリン、脂肪オキサゾリン、カルボキシレート金属、もしくは2種以上のこれらの組み合わせを含む、前述の項目のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目9)上記潤滑組成物中の摩擦改変剤の量は、0.03〜1重量%であり、ここで上記方法は、水での、該潤滑組成物の改善された解乳化性をさらに生じる、前述の項目のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目10)上記潤滑組成物は、アフターマーケット処理として上記摩擦改変剤を上記潤滑粘性の油に添加することによって調製される、前述の項目のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
(項目11)潤滑組成物であって、該潤滑組成物は、
(a)潤滑粘性の油であって、ここで該油は、実質的に硫黄を含まない、潤滑粘性の油;
(b)摩擦改変剤;
(c)分散剤;
(d)ジヒドロカルビル置換ジチオホスフェート金属であって、ここで少なくとも1個のヒドロカルビル基は、分枝状一級ヒドロカルビル基である、ジヒドロカルビル置換ジチオホスフェート金属;および
(e)必要に応じて、粘性指数改善ポリマー
を含む、潤滑組成物。
(項目12)潤滑組成物であって、該潤滑組成物は、
(a)潤滑粘性の油であって、ここで該油は、実質的に硫黄を含まない、潤滑粘性の油;
(b)摩擦改変剤;
(c)金属非含有のジヒドロカルビル置換ジチオホスフェートであって、ここで少なくとも1個のヒドロカルビル基は、分枝状一級ヒドロカルビル基である、金属非含有のジヒドロカルビル置換ジチオホスフェート;
(d)抗酸化剤;および
(e)必要に応じて、粘性指数改善ポリマー、
を含む、潤滑組成物。
(項目13)成分(c)は、金属含有分散剤を含む、項目11に記載の組成物。
(項目14)成分(e)は、ポリメタクリレートポリマーである、項目11〜13のいずれか1項に
記載の組成物。
(項目15)成分(c)は、金属非含有分散剤を含む、項目11に記載の組成物。
Claims (4)
- 油圧ポンプを潤滑する方法であって、該方法は、該油圧ポンプに、以下:
(a)潤滑粘性の油;
(b)グリセロールモノオレエートを含む摩擦改変剤;
(c)抗酸化剤;
(d)ポリエチレングリコール、ポリエチレンオキシド、ポリプロピレンオキシド、ポリエーテル、または(エチレンオキシド−プロピレンオキシド)ポリマーを含む解乳化剤
を含む潤滑組成物を供給する工程を包含し、
ここで、成分(a)は、APIグループIIの油、APIグループIIIの油、もしくはこれらの組み合わせを含み、
ここで、該潤滑組成物は重量で1000ppm未満の硫黄を含む、
方法。 - 前記潤滑組成物は、金属非含有のジヒドロカルビル置換ジチオホスフェートをさらに含み、ここで少なくとも1個のヒドロカルビル基は、分枝状一級ヒドロカルビル基である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記潤滑組成物は、粘性指数改善ポリマーをさらに含む、請求項1〜2のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記摩擦改変剤の量は、0.075〜0.3重量%である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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- 2010-01-18 KR KR1020117019191A patent/KR20110111308A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-01-18 US US13/145,166 patent/US20110287989A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-01-18 CN CN201410355557.7A patent/CN104120000A/zh active Pending
- 2010-01-18 BR BRPI1006936A patent/BRPI1006936A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-01-18 KR KR1020177001170A patent/KR20170010077A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-01-18 CN CN2010800123711A patent/CN102356146A/zh active Pending
- 2010-01-18 KR KR1020177034235A patent/KR20170134779A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 2010-01-18 EP EP10701963A patent/EP2389427A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2015
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Also Published As
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JP2017145426A (ja) | 2017-08-24 |
KR20170010077A (ko) | 2017-01-25 |
AU2010206868B2 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
CA2750240A1 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
WO2010085434A1 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
EP2389427A1 (en) | 2011-11-30 |
US20110287989A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
KR20170134779A (ko) | 2017-12-06 |
JP2012515833A (ja) | 2012-07-12 |
CN102356146A (zh) | 2012-02-15 |
BRPI1006936A2 (pt) | 2017-05-30 |
CA2750240C (en) | 2018-05-29 |
CN104120000A (zh) | 2014-10-29 |
KR20110111308A (ko) | 2011-10-10 |
AU2010206868A1 (en) | 2011-08-11 |
JP2015083703A (ja) | 2015-04-30 |
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