JP2016082953A - Combine-harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combine-harvester 1 capable of arranging an operation tool properly while considering the operation frequency of the operation tool, with a view to improving mainly the operability of an operation tool (e.g., an operation lever, a switch or a setter) to be disposed in a maneuvering part A and reducing fatigue of an operator to improve the working efficiency.SOLUTION: When an operation tool is to be arranged in operation boxes 27 and 29 raised over one side from the front of a driver seat 31, the front side of the operation boxes is equipped with: an operation tool 38 for turning a machine 3 or for raising or lowering a mowing part B; a first operation tool group (44, 46, 52, 54 and 61) having a high operation frequency during a cutting threshing operation; operation tools 62 and 63 for performing a running shift of the machine 3; and a second operation tool group (67, 68, 69 and 70) having a low operation frequency during the cutting threshing operation.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a combine that performs a mowing and threshing operation, and more specifically, a cutting device and a threshing portion are provided in a machine body provided with a traveling device at the lower part, and these are driven by the power of an engine mounted on the machine body. The present invention relates to a combine that controls operation by an operating tool provided in a control unit.

  Combine harvesters that harvest rice and wheat and perform threshing and selection have been promoted to promote automated mechanisms in each part of the machine so that high-precision and highly efficient harvesting and threshing can be performed. Along with this, the number of switches, setting devices, or operation levers for controlling the operation of each part of the machine has been further increased in order to enhance adaptability to work conditions and crop conditions. Furthermore, instead of a single-function meter such as an engine speed display, a large-sized liquid crystal monitor having a touch panel that can provide timely information on the operating states of various parts of the machine and various setting information has been adopted.

  And, since various operation tools such as switches and levers, or a tachometer and a liquid crystal monitor are collectively arranged in a control section provided with a driver's seat, they are stored in a limited control space without impairing the operator's comfort. These are arranged in various ways as much as possible. However, in order to reduce the operator's fatigue during long-time work and improve the work efficiency, it is desirable to arrange them appropriately in consideration of these operability or handling.

  Therefore, an operation tool for turning the airframe and raising / lowering the cutting part and a liquid tachometer are provided in front of the driver's seat, while an operating tool and a cutting part for shifting the speed of the airframe in order from the front side of the airframe to the side of the driver's seat. Various automatic switches and lamps are placed in front of the operation tools that change the conventional arrangement, such as providing an operation tool for connecting and disconnecting the clutch of the threshing unit and various automatic switches and setting devices. Is known to be provided collectively (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  According to this, even when sitting on the driver's seat or standing on the floor of the control unit, various automatic switches can be operated or automatic control can be turned on / off without changing the line of sight of the weeding state of the cutting unit. The operability and visibility can be improved. In addition, an integrated switch and a liquid crystal display device are provided in front of an operating tool that performs a traveling shift of the aircraft, while an operating tool that sets an engine speed and various automatic switches are provided behind an operating tool that performs a traveling shift of the aircraft. It is known (for example, refer to Patent Document 3).

JP 2009-142215 A JP 2011-182718 A JP 2012-60936 A

  As described above, a combine combines a variety of operating tools and a liquid crystal monitor, etc., in the control unit at the same time, without impairing the operator's comfort and reducing the operator's fatigue during long working hours. In order to improve, the arrangement of operating tools and monitors must be considered. However, as in Patent Documents 1 and 2, when various automatic switches and lamps are collectively provided in front of the operation tool that performs the traveling shift of the aircraft, various automatic switches are mixed on the left front side of the driver's seat, When operating these automatic switches or confirming whether automatic control is turned on or off, it may take time to select the necessary switches.

  In addition, a large space is required to provide various automatic switches and lamps in a lump, and if the operating tool that shifts the airframe of the airframe that is provided rearward is shifted backward, the operating tool that performs the shifting gear of the airframe will stand. On the other hand, there is a problem that the operability at is worse. Furthermore, when an operation tool for switching the clutch of the reaping part or the threshing part or an operation tool for setting the engine speed is provided behind the operation tool for changing the running speed of the aircraft, it stands up from the driver's seat and is gazing forward Then, these operating tools cannot be operated.

  Further, as in Patent Document 3, an integrated switch is provided in front of an operating tool that performs a traveling shift of the airframe, and the clutch of the reaping part and the threshing part is intermittently connected by the integrated switch. The operation efficiency can be improved by arranging an operation tool that is always required on the left front side of the driver's seat. However, since most of the operating tools and various automatic switches for setting the engine speed are still provided behind the operating tools for running and shifting the aircraft, the layout of the operating tools is halfway and the usability is rather poor. There is a fear.

  On the other hand, when handling a combine, there are break-in operation at the time of a new vehicle, traveling, truck loading, mowing and threshing work, maintenance and the like. And, except for mowing and threshing work, the operating tools required at that time are an operating tool for shifting the machine, an operating tool for setting the engine speed, and an operating tool for turning the machine and raising and lowering the cutting part. There is not much necessity to operate the operation tool and various automatic switches which are limited to etc. and cut and open the clutch of the reaping part and the threshing part. In addition, since long-time work is naturally cutting and threshing work, reviewing the arrangement of operating tools and various automatic switches, targeting this cutting and threshing work, reduces operator fatigue and improves work efficiency. Is important.

  When looking at the operation frequency of the operation tools and various automatic switches used in the mowing and threshing work, there are naturally high frequency and low frequency. That is, as the operation frequency is low, there are an operation tool for setting the turning mode of the aircraft, a selection-related operation tool for the threshing part, or a secondary operation tool for the engine. It is an operation tool that is necessary for performing highly efficient work, but if it is operated once before and after the mowing and threshing work, it is rarely operated again during the work, or it is not operated for a long time. It is.

  On the other hand, as the operation frequency is high, the operation tool for turning the machine body and raising / lowering the cutting part and the operation tool for traveling shifting of the body, as well as the operation tool for intermittently connecting the clutch of the cutting part and the threshing part, engine rotation Operating tools for setting the number, operating tools for turning on / off automatic depth control, operating tools for tilting the machine, operating tools for setting the lowering position of the cutting part, etc. It is operated several times depending on the state of the field in front and the state of the cutting material.

  In view of the above problems, the present invention improves the operability of operating tools (operating levers, switches, setting devices) provided in the control unit, reduces operator fatigue, and improves work efficiency. In view of this, it is an object to provide a combine that can appropriately arrange the operation tool in consideration of the operation frequency of the operation tool.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention firstly provides a cutting unit and a threshing unit in a machine body provided with a traveling device in the lower part, and drives these by the power of an engine mounted on the machine body, and operates each part of the machine body. In a combine that performs cutting and threshing work by controlling with an operation tool provided in the control unit, when the operation tool is disposed in an operation box standing from one side of the driver's seat to one side, a front portion of the operation box On the side, an operation tool for turning the machine body and raising / lowering the cutting part is provided, and on the side part side of the operation box, a first operation tool group having a high operation frequency during the cutting and threshing operation, and a traveling speed change of the machine part are provided. And a second operating tool group having a low operating frequency during the mowing and threshing operation as the front-rear direction and arranged in that order.

  Further, according to the present invention, secondly, the first operating tool group includes an operating tool for intermittently connecting the mowing clutch and the threshing clutch, an operating tool for setting the engine speed, and an operation for turning on and off the automatic handling depth control. A tool, an operation tool for inclining the fuselage, and an operation tool for setting a lowered position of the cutting unit.

  Further, according to the present invention, thirdly, the first operating tool group is collectively provided in a switch case provided at a front portion on a side portion side of the operating box, and the operating tool for intermittently connecting the harvesting clutch and the threshing clutch; The operating tool for setting the engine speed is arranged on the right side of the switch case closest to the driver's seat.

  According to the combine of the present invention, when the operation tool is disposed in the operation box standing upright from the front of the driver's seat, on the front side of the operation box, there is a turning of the fuselage and a cutting part. While providing the operation tool which moves up and down, on the side part side of the operation box, the first operation tool group having a high operation frequency during the mowing and threshing operation, the operation tool for performing the traveling shift of the machine body, and the mowing and threshing operation The second operating tool group having a low operation frequency is set in the order as the front-rear direction.

  For this reason, the operator should be provided diagonally forward from the driver's seat, as a matter of course, with the operator sitting in the driver's seat or standing up, the operator turning the aircraft and raising / lowering the cutting part, or the operator changing the running speed of the aircraft. By operating the first operating tool group, each part of the aircraft can be controlled quickly and appropriately according to the state of the field and the state of the cutting material in front of the aircraft. Moreover, since the 2nd operation tool group with low operation frequency during cutting and threshing work is provided behind the operation tool that performs the traveling shift of the airframe, the number of operation tools in the first operation tool group can be reduced. Securing the arrangement space of the first operating tool group without hindering the operability of other operating tools (operating tools for performing shifting of the aircraft), and preventing deterioration of operability due to the mixing of operating tools. Can do.

  Further, the first operating tool group includes an operating tool for intermittently connecting the mowing clutch and the threshing clutch, an operating tool for setting the engine speed, an operating tool for turning on and off automatic handling depth, and an operation for tilting the fuselage. And an operation tool that sets the lowering position of the mowing part, the intermittent operation of the mowing clutch and the threshing clutch, which is necessary at the start of mowing and threshing work, or during the mowing and threshing work, engine rotation to match the appropriate work speed Set the number, finely adjust the handling depth according to the state of the cutting material, and tilt control of the aircraft according to the field condition in a lump with the first operating tool group gathered diagonally forward from the driver's seat Compared with a case where these operation tools are provided in a distributed manner, the usability can be improved and the work efficiency can be improved.

  And the said 1st operation tool group is collectively provided in the switch case provided in the front part of the side part side of an operation box, the operation tool which intermittently connects the said mowing clutch and the threshing clutch, and operation which sets an engine speed When the tool is arranged on the right side closest to the driver's seat of the switch case, the tool that intermittently connects the mowing clutch and the threshing clutch that are most frequently operated in the first operating tool group, and the operating tool that sets the engine speed. Since the operator can be operated quickly, the operator's fatigue can be reduced and the work efficiency can be improved.

It is a front view of a combine. It is a right view of a combine. It is a left view of a combine. It is a top view of a control part. It is a top view of a liquid crystal monitor. It is a top view which shows the state which has arrange | positioned the operating tool in the switch case. It is a top view of a resin sheet. It is a top view which shows 2nd Embodiment same as the above. It is a top view which shows 3rd Embodiment same as the above. It is a top view which shows 4th Embodiment same as the above.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the combine 1 that simultaneously performs cutting, threshing, selection of culm, and culling processing is a self-removal combine that is a 6-row trimming for riding that includes a multi-cylinder underflow axial threshing unit. Thus, a control unit A covered with a cabin 4 is provided at the right front part in the aircraft traveling direction of an aircraft frame (airframe) 3 provided with left and right crawler type traveling devices 2 at the lower part. Further, a cutting part B is provided by a hydraulic lift cylinder 5 so as to be movable up and down from the left front part of the body 3 to the front of the cabin 4. Further, a threshing portion C is provided behind the reaping portion B, and a harvesting portion D is provided on the right side of the threshing portion C. In addition, a waste treatment device E is provided behind the threshing portion C and the harvesting portion D.

  The cutting part B includes a transmission device, a divider 6, a narrow guide 7, a pulling device 8, a cutting blade device 9, a scraping transport device 10, a stock transport device 11, a tip transport device 12, and a handling depth transport device 13. And the auxiliary conveyance device 14 and the cutting part frame 15 and the lift frame 16 that support these devices. The transmission device is composed of an input drive unit and a longitudinal transmission unit built in the lift frame 16, a tip / stock source transmission unit, a handle depth transmission unit, a lower transmission unit, a pulling transmission unit, and the like, and a cutting unit (not shown) When the clutch is connected and the engine power is transmitted to each device of the cutting part B, the cutting part B cuts while raising the nail flesh that has entered between the left and right dividers 6, and the handling depth conveying device 14 The harvested corn straw is conveyed to the threshing section C while adjusting the handling depth by.

  Further, the threshing section C has a handling chamber formed on the upper part of the machine frame composed of the front and rear walls, the left and right side walls, the bottom plate, and the cylinder cover 17 that covers the upper side, and has been conveyed from the cutting section B to the handling chamber. A threshing feed chain 18 for sandwiching and transporting cereal grains along the mouthpiece, a clamping rail 19 provided on the cylinder cover 17, a first handling cylinder having a plurality of toothings implanted around it, and a receiving net are provided. . In addition, a processing chamber for processing sawdust mixed with grains that could not be shattered in the handling chamber is attached to the rear of the machine body from the rear end tip side of the first handling barrel. A second handling cylinder and a receiving net are provided. Further, below the first and second handling cylinders, there is provided a sorting chamber composed of an oscillating sorter, a sorting air passage, and the like that sorts grains and the like leaked from the receiving net.

  The devices of the threshing unit C are driven by engine power transmitted through a threshing clutch (not shown), but the threshing feed chain 18 and the reaping unit B are shifted by the same transmission, and both are synchronized with the traveling speed. Therefore, there is no disturbance from ultra-low speed to high speed, and it is possible to carry out the mowing and threshing process while maintaining a constant culm layer thickness. In addition, sorting of straw by the swing sorting body and the sorting air path can be controlled so that always good sorting performance can be obtained by sorting automatic control, and the sorting automatic control is performed according to material conditions such as rice and wheat. With the selection dial, the sensor detects the change in the air volume in the sorting chamber due to the change in the amount of leakage of the soot on the swinging sorter, and adjusts the swing sheave angle of the swinging sorter. The air volume is adjusted so that the air volume in the sorting chamber is always constant.

  Furthermore, the grain that has been threshed and selected in the threshing section C is transferred to the Glen tank 20 that constitutes the harvesting section D. The Glen tank 20 temporarily stores the grain, and then is discharged by the discharge auger 21. It can be discharged to a container outside the machine. In addition, dusts, such as the sawdust and dust which generate | occur | produce in the threshing part C, are attracted | sucked by the dust exhaust fan provided in the 2nd cylinder and the sorting chamber directly or in the sorting room, and are discharged | emitted behind the threshing part C. . Further, the waste discharged from the handling chamber after completing the threshing process is transported toward the waste processing device E by the waste transporting device, and further, a disk-type cutter (removal) constituting the waste processing device E. Cutter) 22 shreds the waste that has been transported by the waste transporting device and discharges it as cuttings to the cutting area.

  Next, the control part A covered with the cabin 4 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the control part A is provided with a floor 24 on the upper surface of the operation frame 23 provided in the front part of the airframe 3. If necessary, lay a mat or the like. Further, a lever frame is erected on the front left and right and left sides of the floor 24, and a front cover 25, a rear cover 26, and a resin front panel 27 are attached to the front left and right lever frames to cover the lever frame, Configure the front operation box.

  Further, a side cover 28 and a side panel 29 are attached to the left lever frame and the left lever frame on the front side to cover the lever frame, thereby forming a side operation box. Note that the rear end of the left side of the front panel 27 is formed to extend backward as a gentle slope so as to overlap with the upper surface of the side panel 29 of the operation box on the side portion. The upper surface of the operation box on the side is a continuous mounting surface for the operation tool, and the operation boxes are provided in series from the front of the floor 24 to one side.

  Further, an engine cover frame is erected on the rear side of the floor 24, a plurality of covers 30 are attached around the engine cover frame, and the interior is configured as an engine room. Then, the driver's seat 31 is attached to the front engine cover frame via a bracket so that the forward / backward movement and the vertical movement can be adjusted. The cabin 4 has a front glass 33, a glass door 34, a rear glass, a side glass 35, and the like attached to a frame 32, and an air conditioner attached to a ceiling portion. And the cabin 4 is attached to the driving frame 23 so as to cover the control part A.

  Further, the driving unit that drives the crawler type traveling device 2, the harvesting unit B, the threshing unit C, the harvesting unit D, the waste disposal device E, etc. will be described. A vertical water-cooled 4-cycle common rail diesel engine, a radiator, an air cleaner and the like are provided in the engine room. The engine power is transmitted to a transmission case 37 via a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission (HST) for traveling, and a gear-type auxiliary transmission, a turning force switching device, and a side clutch provided in the transmission case 37. The left and right crawler type traveling devices 2 are driven through the like.

  Furthermore, the power of the engine is transmitted to the threshing section C and the waste disposal device E via the threshing clutch, and drives them. In addition, the rotation speed of the tang fan of the threshing section C is changed by a belt continuously variable transmission provided in the transmission system, and thereby the air volume of the tang fan is adjusted. Further, the power transmitted through the threshing clutch is shifted by a conveying hydrostatic continuously variable transmission, and the shifted power is branched and transmitted to the threshing feed chain 18 and the reaping part B via the reaping clutch. The In addition, the grain tank 20 which comprises the grain collection part D rotates the spiral in the tank 20 with the hydraulic motor turned on and off by the grain discharge switch provided behind the driver's seat 31, and discharges a grain.

  The common rail provided in the engine is an electronically controlled fuel injection device that complies with exhaust gas regulations, a supply pump that generates high-pressure fuel, a rail that stores high-pressure fuel, an injector that injects high-pressure fuel into each cylinder by a solenoid valve, these An engine ECU (Engine Control Unit) or the like that controls the engine, and an engine rotation speed is set by an engine rotation automatic dial. In addition, by automatic engine rotation control, for example, when a threshing clutch or a mowing clutch is connected, when the discharge auger 21 is operated to the straw discharge position or the storage position, when the grain discharge operation is performed, or the machine body 3 When the forward or reverse operation is performed, the engine speed is automatically increased, and the rest is controlled to the idling state.

  The exhaust system muffler is equipped with a DPF (Diesel particulate filter) that collects particulate matter PM (Particulate Matter) contained in the exhaust gas. If the DPF becomes clogged, PM is collected. Since the function deteriorates, it is necessary to subject the particulate matter to a combustion treatment (DPF regeneration) periodically or when clogging occurs. Therefore, this engine is provided with a DPF switch that promotes DPF regeneration.

  Next, the operation tool provided in the control section A will be described. The operation tool controls the operation of each part of the airframe via an electronic control unit ECU (Electronic Control Unit) constituted by a microcomputer or the like. Alternatively, the operation of each part of the airframe is controlled by mechanically linking. A plurality of electronic control units ECU are provided in the body 3, and each unit is connected to be communicable with each other via a control area network (CAN). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, a multi-steering lever 38 which is an operation tool for turning the body 3 and raising and lowering the cutting part B is provided near the right side of the front side of the operation box. An armrest 39 that is used when operating the multi-steering lever 38 is provided behind the armrest 38.

  The multi-steering lever 38 is supported by the operation box so as to be swingable back and forth and right and left, and an operation angle of the lever 38 is input to the ECU by a steering potentiometer and a lift elevating potentiometer provided at the base. Further, when the ECU detects the tilt of the lever 38 in the left-right direction, the hydraulic cylinder is operated by the solenoid valve, the side clutch of the transmission case 37 is disengaged, and the direction is finely adjusted. Alternatively, when a further tilting operation is detected, the turning force is changed by controlling the driving force inside the turning direction of the crawler type traveling device 2 according to the operating angle of the lever 38. Then, when the tilt of the lever 38 in the front-rear direction is detected, the hydraulic lift cinder 5 is actuated to raise and lower the cutting part B at a lifting speed proportional to the operating angle of the lever 38.

  Further, a liquid crystal monitor 40 with a touch panel and several push buttons 41 are provided in the center of the front side of the operation box. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the liquid crystal monitor displays the engine speed, the vehicle speed, the fuel, the grain tank capacity, the engine load factor, etc., and sets various automatic control settings or images the rear of the machine. The displayed camera image or the like is displayed, and the display content can be switched by operating the touch panel or the push button 41. The operation box below the liquid crystal monitor 40 is provided with a starter switch (not shown) to start and stop the engine.

  Further, a switch case 42 is attached to the corner of the operation box, that is, to the left side of the front side of the operation box and to the front side of the side of the operation box, and the first operation tool is attached to the switch case 42. Create a group. The first operating tool group includes an operating tool and, if necessary, an LED (Light Emitting Diode) in a plurality of areas of the resin sheet 43 partitioned by drawing for each function as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. Place the lamp. In addition, the resin sheet 43 is affixed on the switch case 42, and the name and design of an operation tool are printed. Hereinafter, each operation tool of the first operation tool group will be described.

  First, a power clutch switch 44, which is an operation tool for connecting and disconnecting a mowing clutch and a threshing clutch, and an LED lamp 45 for displaying a switching state thereof are provided on the front right side of the switch case 42. The power clutch switch 44 is composed of a momentary type seesaw switch, which switches between the threshing clutch and the mowing clutch each time the front side of the switch 44 is pressed, and the mowing clutch and the threshing clutch are switched each time the rear side is pressed. Switch to When the power clutch switch 44 is operated, the ECU activates the clutch motor to connect and disconnect the belt-tension clutch type threshing clutch and the mowing clutch.

  Further, an engine rotation automatic dial 46 that is an operation tool for setting the engine speed and an LED lamp 47 that displays an automatic control state are provided at the rear of the switch case 42 on the right side. The engine rotation automatic dial 46 operates a momentary switch and a volume (variable resistor), and the switch is turned on each time the dial 46 is pressed, and the engine rotation automatic control is turned on / off. When the volume is rotated by the dial 46, the engine speed is set according to the rotation angle. Based on the signal from the engine rotation automatic dial 46, the engine ECU performs the engine rotation automatic control described above or controls the engine so that the engine rotation speed set by the engine rotation automatic dial 46 is obtained.

  Further, a lift shut switch 48 and an LED lamp 49 for displaying the state thereof are provided at the front portion near the center of the switch case 42. Further, at the rear part near the center of the switch case 42, the automatic direction switch 50 and the automatic operating depth switch 52, which is an operating tool for turning on and off the automatic operating depth control, and the LED lamps 51 and 53 for displaying the state thereof are provided on the left and right sides. It is attached to. These switches 48, 50, 52 are all constituted by tactile switches, and are provided below the resin sheet 43 provided on the surface of the switch case 42 to prevent dust from entering the switches 48, 50, 52. .

  The lift shut switch 48 automatically cuts the cutting clutch via the ECU and automatically drives the cutting unit B when the cutting unit B detects that the cutting unit B has been raised to a predetermined height by the lift potentiometer during the cutting and threshing operation. Is a change-over switch that enables or disables the control to stop automatically. When the lift shut switch 48 is turned on, the cutting part B is lifted to finish cutting the grain of one stroke and cut the next stroke. Then, when the airframe 3 is turned or moved, the driving of the cutting unit B is automatically stopped, so that the driving vibration and noise of the cutting unit B are prevented.

  The direction automatic switch 50 is a switch for turning on and off the automatic direction control. In the automatic direction control, the passage position of the central divider 6 is detected by the direction sensor with respect to the interval between the cut crops, and the divider 6 detects the grain. If it is too close to the saddle row, the ECU causes the side clutch to be engaged, and the traveling direction of the body 3 is controlled so that the central divider 6 passes through the middle of the strip. Furthermore, the handling depth automatic switch 52 is a switch for turning on and off the handling depth automatic control. The handling depth automatic control detects the length of the cereal with a sensor provided in the middle of the cereal transportation, and the threshing unit The ECU controls the handle depth conveying device 13 by moving it up and down with a motor so that the handle depth of the cereals supplied to C becomes appropriate.

  In addition, a horizontal manual lever 54, a horizontal dial 55, a horizontal automatic switch 56, and an LED lamp 57 for displaying a horizontal automatic control state, which are operating tools for inclining the airframe 3, are provided on the front left side of the switch case 42. Among these, the horizontal manual lever 54 is constituted by a cross lever switch which can be operated forward and backward and left and right. When the horizontal manual lever 54 is operated to the left or right, the ECU tilts the body 3 to the left or right, and the horizontal manual lever 54 When the ECU is operated forward or backward, the ECU tilts the body 3 forward or backward.

  Further, the horizontal automatic switch 56 is constituted by a tactile switch, and every time the horizontal automatic switch 56 is pressed, the horizontal automatic horizontal control is turned on and off, and the front and rear horizontal automatic control is turned on and off. Further, the horizontal dial 55 operates a momentary type switch and a volume, and when the dial 55 is pressed, the switch is turned on, so that the body frame 3 and the track frame 58 of the crawler type traveling device 2 are based on the forward / backward inclination of the body 3. Return to a parallel position (rear and front horizontal reset). Further, when the volume is rotated by the horizontal dial 55, the rotation angle of the volume is set to the target inclination angle at the time of the horizontal horizontal automatic control. Incidentally, the central operation position of the horizontal dial 55 is a position for controlling the airframe 3 to be absolutely horizontal.

  The horizontal control mechanism of the body 3 is configured as follows. That is, a pitching frame is provided between the track frame 58 and the airframe frame 3 of the left and right crawler type traveling devices 2, and the bases of the left and right parallel links 59 and 60 are pivotally supported on the left and right sides of the pitching frame, and are parallel to each other. The lower ends of the links 59 and 60 are pivotally supported by the track frame 58, and the left and right track frames 58 are supported in parallel with the pitching frame so as to be movable up and down. In addition, the front part of the pitching frame is pivotally supported by the body frame 3, and the distal end portion of the expansion / contraction link pivotally supported by the base part of the body frame 3 is pivotally supported by the rear part of the pitching frame so The rear part is supported so that it can move up and down around the front part.

  Further, the left and right parallel links 59 and 60 are driven by the left and right rolling cylinders, and the expansion and contraction links are driven by the pitching cylinders, and the left and right rolling cylinders and the pitching cylinders are expanded and contracted by the ECU, so that the airframe 3 Perform forward / backward / left / right tilt control. The front / rear or left / right horizontal automatic control of the body 3 is controlled by the ECU to extend / contract each cylinder based on a signal from a left / right tilt sensor that detects rolling of the body 3 or a front / rear tilt sensor that detects pitching of the body 3. In this case, the target angle of the front / rear horizontal automatic control is absolute horizontal, and the target angle of the left / right horizontal control is an angle set by the horizontal dial 55.

  Further, a cutting height dial 61 that is an operation tool for setting the lowered position of the cutting part B is provided on the rear left side of the switch case 42. The cutting height dial 61 operates the volume, and the rotation angle thereof becomes the set value of the lowered position of the cutting part B. Further, when the cutting height dial 61 is further rotated from the minimum, the setting of the lowered position of the cutting part B is cancelled. Then, when the setting of the lowered position of the cutting part B is released, the ECU operates the hydraulic lift cylinder 5 by the forward / backward movement operation of the multi-steering lever 38 to freely raise and lower the cutting part B.

  However, when the lowering position of the cutting part B is set, the ECU compares the setting value set by the cutting height dial 61 with the value of the lift potentiometer that detects the lifting position of the cutting part B, When both values match, the lowering operation of the hydraulic lift cylinder 5 is stopped, and the lowering of the cutting part B is stopped. Further, when the set value is changed by operating the cutting height dial 61 in this state, the ECU moves the cutting unit B up and down while following the set value.

  Next, a description will be given of an operating tool that performs a traveling shift of the machine body 3 provided in the middle of the side of the operation box. The operating tool that performs a traveling shift of the machine body 3 includes a main transmission lever 62 and a sub-transmission lever 63. To do. Of these, the main transmission lever 62 is inserted into a guide groove 64 having a neutral (stopped) lateral groove 64a, a forward longitudinal groove 64b, and a backward longitudinal groove 64c, and is provided with a grip 62a at its upper end and forward / backward / left / right rotation. It is a movable control lever, and the servo valve of the hydrostatic continuously variable transmission (HST) for traveling is switched by the longitudinal movement operation of the main transmission lever 62 to perform forward / reverse switching and continuously variable transmission.

  Note that the main transmission lever 62 has its front / rear rotation operation region (region of the guide groove 64 extending forward and backward) so that the main transmission lever 62 can be easily operated even when it is raised from the driver's seat 31 and operated. ) Is set as far as possible on the front side of the machine body 3, and in the embodiment, the neutral lateral groove 64a is disposed in front of the front end of the seat surface of the driver's seat 31.

  Further, the auxiliary transmission lever 63 is provided on the forward side guide groove 64b of the main transmission lever 62 so as to be pivotable forward and backward, and the auxiliary transmission lever 63 is held back and forth along the guide groove 65a by holding the grip 63a. When the moving operation is performed, the gear-type auxiliary transmission device provided in the mission case 37 is mechanically switched to, for example, neutral, low speed, standard (medium speed), and traveling (high speed). Further, when the sub-shift lever 63 is operated to the left at the low-speed switching position and operated to the left end of the lateral groove 65b, the turning force switching device provided in the mission case 37 is mechanically switched to a spin turn. A combination switch 66 is provided behind the auxiliary transmission lever 63. The combination switch 66 includes a lighting switch, a flasher switch, and a horn switch.

  Finally, the second operation tool group provided near the rear part of the side of the operation box will be described. The second operation tool group includes a turning mode setting dial 67, a tang air volume setting dial 68, a selection dial 69, and a DPF switch. 70, each operation tool is provided by projecting the operation portion from each opening portion aligned in the front-rear direction of the cover 71 attached to the operation box. Of these, the turning mode setting dial 67 rotates the volume, and the ECU switches to the brake turn mode, the deceleration turn mode, or the full mode turn mode according to the rotation angle of the volume, and the turning force in the full mode turn. Set the adjustment pressure.

  That is, the turning force switching device provided in the mission case 37 is based on the control of the ECU, the brake turn that brakes the crawler type traveling device 2 that is inside the turning where the side clutch is disconnected, and the inside of the turning where the side clutch is disconnected. The crawler type traveling device 2 to be decelerated and driven in the same direction as the outer crawler type traveling device 2, the full mode turn that continuously performs the deceleration turn and the brake turn, and the turn with the side clutch disconnected The crawler type traveling device 2 on the inner side can be switched to a spin turn that reversely rotates.

  Therefore, when the turning mode setting dial 67 is rotated to the brake turn side or the deceleration turn side as much as possible, the ECU enters a mode for switching the turning force switching device to the brake turn or the deceleration turn. The force switching device is switched to the full mode turn. When the sub-shift lever 63 is operated to the left at the low-speed switching position, the ECU detects this by a switch and enters a mode for switching to a spin turn. Note that the timing at which the turning force switching device is actually switched in each turning mode is determined by the tilt angle of the multi-steer lever 38 in the left-right direction.

  Further, the tang air volume setting dial 68 activates the volume, and the air volume of the tang fan of the threshing section C is set according to the rotation angle of the volume. When the air volume of the tang fan is set, the ECU changes the opening degree of the split pulley of the belt continuously variable transmission with a motor and controls so that the set air volume can be obtained. The selection dial 69 operates a momentary switch and a volume, and the switch is turned on every time the dial 69 is pressed, and automatic selection control is turned on / off, and an LED lamp 72 that displays the automatic control state is lit. Or turn off. When the volume is rotated by the dial 69, material conditions such as rice and wheat in the automatic sorting control are set. Further, the DPF switch 70 is constituted by a momentary switch. When the DPF switch 70 is turned on, the above-described DPF regeneration is performed.

  As described above, the operation tool provided in the control unit A has been described. Next, considering the trend of the operator during the mowing and threshing operation, the operator may naturally operate each part of the body 3 while sitting on the driver's seat 31. However, these operations are quickly performed in the operation of raising and lowering the cutting part B at the time of edge cutting, the forward and backward operation of the body 3 at the time of turning, the alignment, or the direction correcting operation of the body 3 at the time of cutting and side cutting. And, in order to perform accurately, the operator often stands up from the driver's seat 31.

  In addition, in response to the settlement of the crawler type traveling device 2 based on the hardness of the field, or to the cutting height based on the inclination of the machine body 3, the fall of the cutting material, or the response when simultaneously cutting the weeds with a long plant height, The operator is required to stand up from the driver's seat 31 and operate the operation tool quickly and appropriately while confirming the state of the farm field in front of the body 3 or the state of the cutting material.

  That is, at the time of mowing and threshing, the operation of tilting the machine body 3 (horizontal manual lever 54), adjusting the cutting height by changing the cutting height setting value (cutting height dial 55), and turning on and off the automatic handling depth control. (Handling depth automatic switch 52) Adjustment of the handling depth, continuous drive operation of the cutting unit 3 (lift shut switch 48) accompanying the cutting operation at the end of the heel, automatic direction control accompanying the row cutting and side cutting On / off operation (automatic direction switch 50), adjustment of engine speed by increasing / decreasing engine load (automatic engine rotation dial 47), intermittent operation of cutting and threshing clutch during traveling in the field for eaves discharge (power clutch switch 44) ) Etc. are required.

  Therefore, the operator stands up from the driver's seat 31 and observes the state of the field in front of the machine body 3 or the state of the cutting material, or while looking a little away, and responds by operating the operation tool quickly and appropriately. It is desirable that these operating tools are in front of the operator and are in a position where they can be reached immediately. Therefore, the present invention determines the location of the operation tool from the ergonomic viewpoint. In addition, depending on the function of the operation tool, the operation frequency naturally varies in height. Therefore, the present invention finally determines the arrangement location based on the operation frequency of the operation tool during the mowing and threshing operation, while targeting the harvesting and threshing operation that is the longest operation when handling the combine. .

  Specifically, it is divided into a first operating tool group and a second operating tool group based on the operating frequency of the operating tools. And the 1st operation tool group with high operation frequency used during a mowing and threshing work is arrange | positioned in the front part of the side part side of an operation box. Accordingly, when the operator stands up from the driver's seat 31 and performs the harvesting and threshing work while gazing at the front, the first operating tool group is positioned in front of the operator and holds the multi-steering lever 38 with the right hand and the fuselage. Even when the direction correction of 3 or the like is performed, the left hand can be extended to the operation tool of the first operation tool group, and this can be operated, and a quick response is possible.

  Further, behind the first operating tool group, operating tools (main transmission lever 62 and auxiliary transmission lever 63) that perform a traveling shift of the machine body 3 are arranged. As a result, even when the operator stands up from the driver's seat 31, it is possible to shift to the forward / reverse operation of the machine body 3 or the speed of movement in the field (medium speed or high speed). And the 2nd operation tool group with low operation frequency is arrange | positioned behind the operation tool which performs the traveling shift of the body 3. FIG. By the way, the second operating tool group needs to be operated once at the start of the mowing and threshing operation or after the end, and the operating tool rarely operated during the mowing and threshing work (the turning mode setting dial 67). Therefore, it is sufficient if the operator can operate calmly while sitting on the driver's seat 31.

  Furthermore, when the second operating tool group is added to the first operating tool group, the number of operating tools in the first operating tool group increases, so that the installation space for the first operating tool group must be increased, and the rear There is a possibility that the arrangement position of the operation tools (the main transmission lever 62 and the auxiliary transmission lever 63) for performing the traveling shift of the machine body 3 provided in the vehicle body 3 may be hindered. However, this can be solved by dividing the second operating tool group into the necessary minimum number of operating tools in the first operating tool group. In addition, since the number of operating tools in the first operating tool group is small and the operating tools are not mixed as in the case where both are added, the necessary operating tools can be selected without error, and the scouring and threshing accuracy can be improved by quick response. Can be improved.

  And this invention also considers arrangement | positioning of each operation tool in a 1st operation tool group. That is, the operating frequency of the operating tools in the first operating tool group naturally varies in height. For example, before and after the cutting operation or before and after the traveling in the field, an intermittent operation of the cutting clutch and the threshing clutch is required. In addition, when the intermittent operation of the mowing clutch and the threshing clutch is performed, the engine speed is changed to a high speed necessary for the mowing and threshing work, or the speed is changed to a speed suitable for traveling, or temporarily In the standby state in which the operation is stopped, operations such as changing to the idling state are required, and these operations are performed more frequently than other operations.

  Therefore, an operation tool (power clutch switch 44) for connecting and disconnecting a reaping clutch and a threshing clutch, which are frequently operated in the first operation tool group, and an operation tool (engine rotation automatic dial 46) for setting the engine speed, The switch case 42 provided with the first operating tool group is arranged on the rightmost side. Therefore, these operating tools are closest to the driver's seat 31, and an operator who stands up from the driver's seat 31 can quickly operate with the left hand. In addition, since the operation timing of these operating tools is approximately before and after, after operating one operating tool, the transition to the other operating tool can be performed in a very short time, and even if the operating frequency is high, the operator is fatigued. It can be reduced and work efficiency can be improved.

  Further, when the cutting part B or the threshing part C is clogged during the cutting and threshing operation, the operating tool (power clutch switch 44) for intermittently connecting the cutting and threshing clutch is operated to quickly The threshing portion C can be stopped, thereby preventing the occurrence of serious clogging. Further, since an operating tool (engine rotation automatic dial 46) for setting the engine speed is provided on the side closest to the liquid crystal monitor 40, the engine speed displayed on the liquid crystal monitor 40 is set to an appropriate engine speed while taking the field of view into consideration. In addition to being able to set quickly, similarly, the engine speed can be increased or decreased based on the engine load factor displayed on the liquid crystal monitor 40, and the mowing and threshing operation can be efficiently performed in the engine load state with a margin.

  Further, the operation frequency of the first operating tool group excluding the operating tool (power clutch switch 44) for connecting / disconnecting the mowing clutch and the threshing clutch and the operating tool (engine rotation automatic dial 46) for setting the engine speed should be examined in detail. For example, there is a difference between the operation tools, but the difference is not so large. Therefore, here, the relationship (group) based on the function of the operation tool is first considered, and secondly, the surrounding installation environment, operability, etc. are comprehensively determined to determine the arrangement of the operation tool. .

  That is, from the first viewpoint, the horizontal manual lever 54, the horizontal dial 55, the horizontal automatic automatic switch 56, and the LED lamp 57 for displaying the horizontal automatic control state relating to the tilt control of the machine body 3 are arranged in the same area. In addition, switches that perform only automatic control on / off are arranged in the same region or close together. Further, from the second point of view, the first group of operating tools is shaded when viewed from the operator by the grips of the operating tools (main transmission lever 62, auxiliary transmission lever 63) for performing the traveling shift of the body 3. Easy to be. Therefore, the arrangement is such that the operability of the operation tool is not impaired even if it becomes a shadow.

  Specifically, the lift shut switch 48 and the LED lamp 49 for displaying the state thereof, the direction automatic switch 50 and the handle depth automatic switch 52, and the LED lamps 51 and 53 for displaying the state thereof are automatically controlled. Since these are switches that only turn on and off, they are arranged together. Further, the switches 48, 50, and 52 for turning on / off the automatic control perform the on / off operation of the automatic control by a finger touch operation, so that an operation space is not so required.

  These switches 48, 50, 52 are all constituted by tactile switches, and the amount of protrusion of the switch from the resin sheet 43 provided on the surface of the switch case 42 is small, and the main transmission lever 62 that performs the traveling shift is maximally advanced. Even if it becomes the shadow side of the grip 62a when viewed from the operator side, the above small planar operation space and the operation space in the up and down direction in which the gap between the grip and the switch can be widened are combined. Since it does not hinder, it is provided near the center of the switch case 42 in front of the main transmission lever 62. In addition, the main transmission lever 62 is operated to the maximum forward side, and an empty space S is provided immediately below the shadow side of the grip 62a when viewed from the operator.

  Further, the horizontal manual lever 54 is constituted by a cross lever switch, and the protrusion amount of the lever 54 from the switch case 42 is large, and a large operation space for lever operation is required. It is provided at the front left side of the switch case 42 that is farthest from the operating tools (the main transmission lever 62 and the auxiliary transmission lever 63) to be performed. Further, the horizontal automatic automatic switch 56 is a switch for turning on and off automatic control and does not require much operation space. Therefore, although it is provided in the same area as the horizontal manual lever 54, it is in front of the main transmission lever 62, which is aligned with the lift shut switch 48. Provided on the right side of the horizontal manual lever 54. Further, an LED lamp 57 for displaying a horizontal automatic control state associated with the horizontal automatic switch 56 is also provided in the vicinity of the horizontal automatic switch 56. The remaining horizontal dial 55 is provided behind the horizontal manual lever 54.

  The last remaining cutting height dial 61 is provided at the rear left side of the switch case 42. Note that the horizontal dial 55 and the cutting height dial 61 require a wide operation space for gripping and rotating the dial, and slightly protrude from the switch case 42. To ensure these operability. These dials 55 and 61 are provided on the front side of the sub-shift lever 63. However, since the shift stage in which the sub-shift lever 63 is tilted to the front side at the maximum is traveling (high speed), cutting and threshing is performed. The auxiliary transmission lever 63 is rarely shifted to such a travel stage during work, and even if these dials 55 and 61 are provided on the front side of the auxiliary transmission lever 63, there is no major problem.

  The arrangement of the operating tools in the first operating tool group is as described above, but the type of operating tools in the first operating tool group and the number of operating tools may be changed depending on the specifications and model of the combine 1. is there. That is, in the example shown in FIG. 8, only the left / right tilt control is performed for the tilt control of the airframe 3, and the front / rear tilt control is not performed. It can be lowered. In addition, the horizontal automatic switch 56 only turns on / off the horizontal control to reduce the number of LED lamps 57. Furthermore, the horizontal dial 55 is only for rotating the volume, and there is no switch.

  In the example shown in FIG. 9, the control relating to the tilt control of the airframe 3 is eliminated, and the horizontal manual lever 54, the horizontal dial 55, the horizontal automatic switch 56, and the LED lamp 57 for displaying the horizontal automatic control state are all removed. is there. Furthermore, the example shown in FIG. 10 shows the arrangement of the first operating tool group in the general-purpose combiner. In this case, the tilt control of the airframe 3 is performed only in the left / right tilt control, and the forward / backward tilt control is not performed. In addition, by operating the horizontal manual lever 54 in the front-rear direction, the left and right sides of the aircraft can be simultaneously raised or lowered.

  Furthermore, the horizontal automatic switch 56 can be switched to left / right horizontal control or ground balance control. In the ground balance control, a warp sensor is provided at the lower part of the header part that constitutes the cutting part 3, and the right and left tilt control is performed by the warp sensor so that the left and right sides of the header part are parallel to the ground (the heel). Further, in place of the horizontal dial 55, a reel rotation dial 73 and an LED lamp 74 for displaying an automatic control on / off state are provided. The reel rotation dial 73 operates a momentary type switch and volume, and the switch is turned on each time the dial 73 is pressed, and automatic reel rotation control is turned on / off. Further, when the volume is rotated by the dial 73, the reel rotation speed corresponding to the rotation angle is set.

  In the reel rotation automatic control, the number of revolutions of the scraping reel provided in the header is automatically controlled so as to synchronize with the vehicle speed, and the number of revolutions of the scraping reel can be adjusted by the reel rotation dial 73. In addition, since automatic direction control and automatic handle depth control are not performed, instead of eliminating automatic direction switch 50 and automatic handle depth switch 52, an LED for displaying on / off status of automatic cutting height switch 75 and automatic control is displayed. A lamp 76 is provided. The ground cutting height automatic control automatically raises and lowers the header portion based on the detection value of the warp sensor to control the cutting height of the material.

  The example of changing the type of the first operating tool group and the number of operating tools has been described above. However, even in the example of the self-detaching combine shown in FIGS. In that case, the direction automatic switch 50 and the LED lamp 51 for displaying the automatic control on / off state are eliminated, and the type and number of operation tool groups can be changed as appropriate. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment.

A Control part B Cutting part C Threshing part 1 Combine 2 Crawler type traveling device 3 Airframe frame 27 Front panel 29 Side panel 31 Driver's seat 38 Multi steering lever 40 LCD monitor 42 Switch case 44 Power clutch switch 46 Engine rotation automatic dial 52 Handling Depth automatic switch 54 Horizontal manual lever 61 Cutting height dial 62 Main gear shift lever 63 Sub gear lever 67 Turning mode setting dial 68 Kara air volume setting dial 69 Sorting dial 70 DPF switch

Claims (3)

  A cutting device and a threshing unit are provided in the aircraft equipped with a traveling device at the lower part, and these are driven by the power of the engine mounted on the aircraft, and the operation of each part of the aircraft is controlled by an operating tool provided in the control unit to perform the cutting and threshing work In the combine to be performed, when the operation tool is disposed in the operation box standing upright from the front of the driver's seat, the body is turned and the cutting unit is moved up and down on the front side of the operation box. While the operation tool is provided, on the side of the operation box, the first operation tool group having a high operation frequency during the mowing and threshing operation, the operation tool for performing the traveling shift of the machine, and the operation frequency during the mowing and threshing operation are provided. The combine characterized by arrange | positioning in order that the 2nd operation tool group which is low is made into the front-back direction.   The first operating tool group includes an operating tool for intermittently connecting the mowing clutch and the threshing clutch, an operating tool for setting the engine speed, an operating tool for turning on and off automatic handling depth, and an operating tool for tilting the fuselage. The combine according to claim 1, wherein the combine is configured with an operating tool for setting a lowered position of the mowing unit.   The first operating tool group is collectively provided in a switch case provided at a front portion on the side of the operating box, an operating tool for intermittently connecting the mowing clutch and the threshing clutch, and an operating tool for setting the engine speed are The combine according to claim 2, wherein the combiner is arranged on the right side closest to the driver's seat of the switch case.

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