JP2015229723A - Wire rope for elevator apparatus and elevator apparatus using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wire rope for elevator apparatuses using a lubricant composition (grease) which combines high traction and wear resistance.SOLUTION: A wire rope 4 for elevator apparatuses is formed by twisting a strand 9 composed of a plurality of twisted steel wires 10 with a plurality of rope cores 8 of fiber and is coated or impregnated with a mixed oil (grease) 11 comprising a base oil containing at least one compound of general formula (1) and a thickener of an average molecular weight of 1,000-100,000.

Description

  The present invention relates to a wire rope for an elevator apparatus and an elevator apparatus using the same.

  In recent years, a traction type elevator without a machine room is used for an elevator for a low-rise building. Traction elevators can be installed in narrow spaces, which were difficult to install in the past because the design layout of the elevator tower was increased by eliminating the use of a machine room. For this reason, the spread of the apparatus is progressing when the apparatus is newly installed and updated.

  FIG. 1 shows an example of a traction type elevator. 1 is a passenger car, 2 is a counterweight (balanced weight), 3 is a sheave connected to the hoisting machine, 4 is a wire rope, 5a and 5b are each a passenger car, a suspension pulley that holds the counterweight, and 6 is on the top A fixed pulley 7 is a hoistway. One end of the wire rope is fixed to the top of the hoistway, and the car suspension pulley, top pulley, sheave, pulley, counterweight suspension pulley are routed in this order, and the other end is fixed at the top of the hoistway. . The difference in tension generated by the car and the counterweight via the wire rope is balanced with the friction force generated between the wire rope and the sheave.

  The wire rope for elevators is generally a wire rope defined in JIS G 3525, for example. The wire rope has a structure in which about 6 or 8 strands are arranged around a heart rope made of synthetic fiber or natural fiber, and these are twisted. The strand is a strand of a plurality of steel wires. When tension is applied to the wire rope, a force acts in the direction in which the steel wire strand compresses the core rope. In addition, viscous oil or grease-like oil is applied to the surface of the wire rope in order to suppress rubbing and wear between the steel wires and to form an oil film between the rope and the sheave. In the elevator of FIG. 1, when the tension of the wire rope is increased so that the contact surface pressure (Hertz surface pressure) at the contact portion between the wire rope and the sheave increases, the oil of the wire rope forms an elastohydrodynamic lubricating film at the contact portion. The power of the hoisting machine is transmitted to the wire rope through the contact portion. This is a kind of drive system called a traction drive, and when the wire rope moves, the car and the counterweight are driven, and the elevator moves up and down.

  Recently, application of a wire rope having a small rope diameter has been studied. By reducing the diameter of the wire rope, the sheave diameter and the winding angle are reduced, and the elevator apparatus can be further miniaturized. On the other hand, reducing the diameter of the wire rope reduces the contact area between the rope and the sheave, leading to a reduction in power transmission (traction) of the wire rope. The driving force (traction force) of the wire rope generated by the traction is represented by the product of the contact surface pressure between the wire rope and the sheave and the traction coefficient of oil (oil film). In order to obtain a traction force against a reduction in the contact area, it is necessary to increase the contact surface pressure of the rope-sheave contact portion or to change to an oil having a high traction coefficient.

  Here, with the thinning of the rope, the contact surface pressure of the contact portion increases, while the tensile strength of the wire rope decreases. Although the contact surface pressure increases as the passenger car becomes heavier, the load on the wire rope also increases, so it is necessary to adjust the safety factor of the wire rope. In addition to reducing the size of the device, from the viewpoint of energy saving and longer life, the weight reduction of the car and the like has been studied, and there are many technical restrictions on the method of increasing the contact surface pressure. Therefore, there is a demand for oils and greases that can provide excellent traction with respect to narrowing of the contact area.

  As an example of an elevator apparatus using a high traction rope, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique of using liquid polyisobutylene in a semi-fluid or grease form for a wire rope. Patent Document 2 also discloses high traction oil and grease using high traction oil.

JP 58-176298 A JP 2000-8058 A

  However, although the liquid polyisobutylene contained in the grease of Patent Document 1 is excellent in traction characteristics, wear tends to proceed on the contact surface of the rope, and the life of the rope is shorter than when a general-purpose mineral oil-based traction grease is used.

  In addition, the grease disclosed in Patent Document 2 is used as a transmission for machine tools, transmissions, and the like, and is used in a high temperature region of 200 ° C. or higher. That is, even if it is used for an elevator wire rope that operates at room temperature to about 100 ° C., high traction performance cannot be exhibited.

  The objective of this invention is obtaining the wire rope for elevator apparatuses which can make high traction and wear resistance compatible, and an elevator apparatus using the same.

  The above object can be achieved by the invention described in the claims.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the wire rope for elevator apparatuses which can make high traction and wear resistance compatible, and an elevator apparatus using the same can be obtained.

It is a schematic diagram of a traction type elevator. It is a schematic diagram of the cross section of a wire rope.

  Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments taken up here, and can be combined and improved as appropriate without departing from the scope of the invention.

  The wire rope of this embodiment is formed by combining a plurality of steel wire strands formed by combining a plurality of steel wires around a core rope made of synthetic fibers or natural fibers. FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a cross section of the wire rope. The wire rope 4 has a structure in which about six or eight strands 9 are arranged around a core rope 8 made of synthetic fiber or natural fiber, and these are twisted. The strand 9 is obtained by twisting a plurality of steel wires 10 together. FIG. 2 shows a case where the grease 11 is present on the surface of the strand 9. The rope and the strand are coated on the rope surface or impregnated with at least one kind of a mixed oil containing a base oil and a thickener, or a grease obtained by mixing a thickener with the mixed oil.

  The base oil is at least one compound represented by the following general formula (1). The thickener has an average molecular weight of 1,000 or more and 100,000 or less. The grease is blended with a thickener in the mixed oil so that the penetration is 200-475.

  In general formula (1), n represents an integer of 0 to 4. X, X ′, and X ″ are monocyclic or a cyclic hydrocarbon having a bridge structure, R and R ′ are a direct bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, Q is a hydrogen atom, and an alkylene having 1 to 3 carbon atoms Group or cyclic hydrocarbon is shown. X, X ′, X ″, R, R ′, and Q may have an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a cyclic hydrocarbon in the side chain, and are independently selected.

  The compound represented by the general formula (1) has a plurality of cyclic hydrocarbons such as a cyclohexyl skeleton, and has a very bulky molecular structure (large steric hindrance) due to the hydrocarbons or direct bonds between the rings. It is. By using the compound as a base oil, a rope oil or grease having excellent traction characteristics can be prepared.

  On the other hand, since the viscosity of the compound alone is low, a thickener having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 or more and 100,000 or less is added to the base oil. As a result, the oil film thickness is sufficient for the contact between the rope and the sheave, and even the wire rope that receives a high contact surface pressure such as an elevator device can reduce the damage of the rope oil. Excellent. Therefore, rope oil excellent in traction characteristics can be obtained.

  Furthermore, by adding a thickener suitable for the grease operating temperature condition, it can be used as a grease-like oil composed of high-viscosity oil, and can be used in place of or in addition to rope oil.

  Hereinafter, in this specification, an oil composed of a base oil and a thickener is referred to as “rope oil”, and a grease-like oil composed of a base oil, a thickener and a thickener is referred to as “grease”.

  By placing rope oil or grease on the wire rope (core rope and strand), the wire rope has sufficient oil film thickness and stickiness for contact between the rope and sheave of the elevator device, and also has excellent traction characteristics Can be obtained. If rope oil or grease is coated on the surface of the rope and the strand, the traction performance can be exerted. However, by impregnating the rope rope or grease inside the rope, the oil can be applied to the strand surface when using the wire rope. It is supplied sequentially and the performance of the wire rope can be maintained over a long period of time. Moreover, if rope oil or grease is impregnated also inside the strand, more rope oil or grease can be retained, so that the performance of the wire rope can be maintained for a longer period of time.

  In addition, the rope can be impregnated with rope oil, and the strand can be coated or impregnated with grease having a viscosity higher than that of the rope oil. Since high stickiness can be imparted to the strand that comes into contact with the device, it is preferable to use rope oil and grease separately for the cord and the strand.

  The best form of the base oil used for the rope oil and grease used in this embodiment is characterized by comprising at least one compound represented by the general formulas (2) to (7).

In the formula, R _{1 to} R ₇ are composed of hydrocarbon groups represented by the general formulas (8) to (10), wherein R ₁ ′ to R ₁₂ ′ are hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, Each is independently selected from a ring cyclohexyl group or a cyclohexyl group having a bridge structure. n _{1 to} n ₁₅ represent an integer of 0 to 9 or 0 to 11 depending on the structure of the cyclic hydrocarbon, and Q _{1 to} Q ₁₅ have an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a monocyclic cyclohexyl group, or a crosslinked structure Each is independently selected from cyclohexyl groups. When n _{1 to} n ₁₅ are integers of 2 or more, a plurality of Q _{1 to} Q ₁₅ are independently selected. Q ₁ ′ to Q ₃ ′ are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a monocyclic cyclohexyl group, or a cyclohexyl group having a bridge structure.

In the compounds of the general formulas (2) to (7), the alkyl groups represented by R ₁ ′ to R ₁₂ ′ and Q _{1 to} Q ₁₅ are specifically a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, and i. -A propyl group. R ₁ ′ to R ₁₂ ′ are more preferably hydrogen or a methyl group, and particularly preferably a carbon atom adjacent to the cyclohexyl group is methylated. The compounds of the general formulas (2) to (7) may be used singly or as a mixture in an arbitrary combination and ratio.

  Preferable examples of the general formulas (2) to (7) are compounds containing 2 to 4 cyclic compounds, specifically bicyclohexyl, 1,2-dicyclohexylpropane, 1,2-dicyclohexyl-2-methyl. Propane, 2,3-dicyclohexylbutane, 2,3-dicyclohexyl-2-methylbutane, 2,3-dicyclohexyl-2,3-dimethylbutane, 1,3-dicyclohexylbutane, 1,3-dicyclohexyl-3-methylbutane, 2 , 4-Dicyclohexylpentane, 2,4-dicyclohexyl-2-methylpentane, 2,4-dicyclohexyl-2,4-dimethylpentane, 1,3-dicyclohexyl-2-methylbutane, 2,4-dicyclohexyl-2,3- Dimethylbutane, 2,4-dicyclohexyl-2,3-dimethylpentane 2,4,6-tricyclohexyl-2,4-dimethylheptane, 2,4,6-tricyclohexyl-2-methylhexane, 2,4,6-tricyclohexyl-2,4,6-trimethylheptane, 2, 4,6,8-tetracyclohexyl-2,4,6,8-tetramethylnonane, bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylenebicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 2- Methylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylene-3-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3-methylene-2-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 2 , 3-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylene-7-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3-methylene-7-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] Heptane, 2 7-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylene-5-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3-methylene-5-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane 2,5-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylene-6-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3-methylene-6-methylbicyclo [2.2. 1] heptane, 2,6-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylene-1-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3-methylene-1-methylbicyclo [2 2.1] heptane, 1,2-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylene-4-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3-methylene-4-methyl Bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane 2,4-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylene-3,7-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3-methylene-2,7-dimethylbicyclo [ 2.2.1] heptane, 2,3,7-trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylene-3,6-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3- Methylene-2,6-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 2-methylene-3,3-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3-methylene-2,2-dimethylbicyclo [2.2 .1] Heptane, 2,3,6-trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylene-3-ethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3-methylene-2-ethyl Bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, - and methyl-3- ethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene and the like.

  The compounds represented by the general formulas (2) to (7) all have a molecular structure containing a plurality of alicyclic hydrocarbons, and have a structure in which the rings are directly bonded or bridged by hydrocarbons. For this reason, since the steric hindrance of the molecule is large, deformation hardly occurs even under a high pressure, and an oil film having a sufficient thickness for the contact between the rope and the sheave is formed. On the other hand, some base oils have low viscosity, and the oil sticking to the contact portion is weak. Therefore, the oil film is cut during power transmission from the sheave, and the rope is worn. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the structure of the oil film at the contact portion, and a measure for increasing the viscosity of the base oil is necessary.

  The production method of the compounds of the general formulas (2) to (7) is not particularly limited, and a known or arbitrary method is adopted. For example, a method of producing α-methylstyrene, styrene or the like by dimerization reaction or trimerization reaction followed by hydrogenation, or a method of producing naphthenic synthetic lubricating oil. Moreover, although a tetramer compound etc. which are produced | generated in the process of manufacture may be included, since a multimer with a high molecular weight may be obtained as a solid, a dimer or a trimer compound is more preferable.

  When the blending amount of the base oil component is too small, the traction coefficient is lowered, and when it is too large, the sticking property to the wire rope cannot be secured. The optimum blending ratio of rope oil is about 40 to 90 wt%, more preferably about 50 to 85 wt%.

  As the thickener, normal paraffin, isoparaffin such as poly-α-olefin, polycyclic naphthene such as cyclopentadiene-based petroleum resin, aromatic hydrocarbon, and copolymers thereof can be used. Any material that has a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 100,000 and that can be dissolved or dispersed in oil may be used. In particular, polycyclic naphthenes such as cyclopentadiene and isoparaffins such as polyisobutylene are more preferable because of excellent traction characteristics.

  In general, thickeners with a higher molecular weight have a greater thickening effect and increase in viscosity when added in a small amount, but when subjected to high contact surface pressure, the main chain of the molecule tends to be broken. Therefore, thickeners having a large molecular weight are not often used in the technical field. However, it is considered that the base oil in this embodiment has a large steric hindrance and a thick oil film. Thereby, since an oil film becomes a buffer material and the damage to a thickener is reduced, molecular weight can be enlarged. On the other hand, the thicker the molecular weight, the lower the solubility. Therefore, the desirable weight average molecular weight of the thickener is 5,000 or more and 50,000 or less, and more preferably 8,000 or more and 30,000 or less. Further, the optimum blending ratio of rope oil is about 10 to 60 wt%, more preferably about 15 to 50 wt%.

As a result of intensive studies on the viscosity of the base oil required for rope oil, the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is preferably 40 mm ² / s or more, and more preferably 50 to 1,000 mm ² / s. When the viscosity of the rope oil is increased, the sticking property is improved, but the supply of the rope oil from the core rope to the strand is less likely to occur. Therefore, the rope oil is appropriately selected according to the specifications of the wire rope and the elevator. As a method of applying rope oil to a wire rope, it can be performed by immersing, applying, and spraying rope oil on a heart rope or wire rope. Moreover, it is also possible to supply oil directly to the wire rope at room temperature as maintenance oil for the elevator rope.

  The thickener can be used without particular limitation as long as the rope oil can be semisolid or solidified. Examples of thickeners include mineral oil wax (micro wax, paraffin wax, etc.), synthetic hydrocarbon wax (coal cracking gas synthesized by Fischer-Tropsch method), polymer wax of olefin derivative (polyethylene wax, α -Olefin wax), fatty acid derivative wax (amide wax, ketone wax), mineral wax (montanic acid wax), animal wax (dense wax, whale) and plant wax (carnauba wax, hollow). The types and blending ratios of these waxes need to be determined in consideration of the influence on the traction coefficient and the stickiness to the wire rope. The optimum blending ratio of the waxes is about 5 to 25 wt%, more preferably about 10 to 20 wt% with respect to the rope oil. A wax having a higher melting point is easier to solidify the oil in a smaller amount. Therefore, it is more desirable to use a wax having a melting point of 60 ° C. or higher and 110 ° C. or lower in consideration of the influence on the traction coefficient and the ease of producing grease. Further, it is desirable that the grease penetration is 200 to 475 and the dropping point is 30 to 110 ° C. in consideration of workability and long-term adhesion to the wire rope.

  Grease using the thickener has the property of being liquefied by heating and solidified by cooling. As a method of applying grease to a wire rope, it can be performed by immersing, applying, and spraying rope oil to a rope, steel wire strand, or wire rope in the same manner as rope oil by heating and melting the grease. it can. In addition, when the wire rope is manufactured, grease can be impregnated and applied to the wire rope by heating and melting at a twisting port (voice port) of the core rope and the steel wire strand.

  In addition, additives such as rust prevention, oxidation prevention, and wear suppression can be added to the aforementioned rope oil and grease as long as the traction coefficient is not lowered. Examples of the rust preventive agent include metal salts of sulfonic acid compounds and amines. Examples of antioxidants include phenolic antioxidants such as 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenol, amine antioxidants such as alkylated diphenylamine, and organic sulfur antioxidants such as zinc dialkyldithiophosphate. There is an agent. Examples of wear inhibitors include fine graphite, molybdenum disulfide, ethylene tetrafluoride powder, and the like.

  The wire rope of this embodiment composed of the above components can transmit power in the elevator apparatus and can prevent direct contact with the sheave by interposing rope oil and grease. In addition, since the traction coefficient is high, it is possible to reduce the size of the device and make the wire thinner than conventional elevator devices.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The following describes the evaluation method for rope oil and grease.

(1) Measurement of Kinematic Viscosity, Consistency, and Dropping Point The kinematic viscosity (40, 100 ° C) of oil was measured according to JIS standard (JIS K2283). The grease consistency (mixing consistency) and dropping point were measured according to JIS standards (JIS K2220).

(2) Traction coefficient measurement The traction coefficient measurement was performed using a ball-on-disk test apparatus. This test apparatus has a mechanism for rotating both the ball and the disk, and can arbitrarily change the sliding speed and the rolling speed. The measurement conditions were a load of 30N (Hertz surface pressure: 0.82GPa), rolling speed: 500mm / s, temperature 30 ° C, sliding speed: 0 to 100mm / s, and the traction coefficient was measured by changing the sliding speed. The value (μ _max ) was taken as the traction coefficient of the sample.

  As the material of the rotating body, high carbon chrome bearing steel (SUJ2 steel) of JIS standard (JIS G 4805: 2008) was used.

(3) Falex Abrasion Test The extreme pressure test of oil was performed using a Falex friction and abrasion tester with reference to ASTM-D2670. The specimen material is carbon steel (journal pin (φ6.35mm): nickel chrome steel (SAE3135), V block: sulfur free-cutting steel (AISI1137)). For specimens immersed in oil, constant speed and load The measurement was performed under the conditions (rotational speed: 290 min ⁻¹ , temperature: 70 ° C., leveling operation: 89 N, 5 min, main measurement: 445 N, 3 h). The amount of wear was calculated by calculating the total wear depth of the pin and block from the scale change of the ratchet of the load mechanism.

(4) Gel filtration chromatography measurement The weight average molecular weight of the thickener and the like was measured by a gel filtration chromatography (GPC) apparatus (solvent: tetrahydrofuran, polystyrene standard).
(Reference Example 1)
In a 10-liter glass reaction vessel (hereinafter referred to as “L”), 5 kg of α-methylstyrene and 100 g of 12-tungstic acid as a catalyst are placed, and the reaction is performed by heating and stirring at 50 ° C. for 1 hour. After cooling in a 20 ° C. water bath, the solid catalyst was filtered off. This filtrate is put in a 200 L autoclave, and further 100 kg of cyclohexane and 500 g of a hydrogenation catalyst (5 wt% Pd supported) of an activated carbon carrier containing Pd (hereinafter, this catalyst is referred to as “Pd / C hydrogenation catalyst”) are sealed. Thereafter, hydrogenation was performed at a hydrogen pressure of 60 kg / cm ² (G) at 180 ° C. for 8 hours, and the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, and the catalyst was filtered off.

  When the obtained product was analyzed by gel filtration chromatography, it was found that the dimer component (2,4-dicyclohexyl-2-methylpentane: base oil 1) was 48.2 wt%, the trimer component (2,4,6- 32.3% by weight of tricyclohexyl-2,4-dimethylheptane: base oil 2) and 9.7% by weight of tetramer component (base oil 3) were produced.

The whole reaction solution was subjected to a rotary evaporator to distill off the monomer (cyclohexane) and light components, and then each component was separated by distillation under reduced pressure.
(Reference Example 2)
1000 g of α-methylstyrene dimer, 5000 g of cyclohexane, and 10 g of Pd / C hydrogenation catalyst were sealed in a 10 L autoclave equipped with a stirrer. The inside of the autoclave was kept at 0.1 MPa with hydrogen and stirred at room temperature (25 ° C.) for 18 hours. Thereafter, the autoclave was opened, the Pd / C hydrogenation catalyst was filtered off, and the cyclohexane was distilled off to obtain 1125 g of 2-methyl-2,4-diphenylpentane.
Next, 1000 g of 2-methyl-2,4-diphenylpentane and 100 g of AlCl ₃ were placed in a 10 L three-necked reaction vessel equipped with a calcium chloride tube, a condenser tube, and a dropping funnel. While stirring, 2000 g of diisobutylene was dropped from the dropping funnel over 30 minutes, the temperature was raised to 60 ° C., and the mixture was stirred for 3 hours. While cooling the reaction vessel in an ice bath, 3000 g of distilled water was added dropwise over 30 minutes to decompose AlCl ₃ . Then, the organic layer was separated by standing and dehydrated with anhydrous Na ₂ SO ₄ , whereby 3000 g of a mixture containing an alkylated 2-methyl-2,4-diphenylpentane and a multimer of diisobutylene was obtained. Obtained.
The total amount of this reaction solution, cyclohexane 30000 g, N-113 nickel-based hydrogenation catalyst 300 g was placed in an autoclave, sealed, and subjected to nuclear hydrogenation at a hydrogen pressure of 6.1 MPa and 200 ° C. for 2 hours. After cooling, the catalyst was filtered off, Cyclohexane was distilled off. The reaction solution was distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 1600 g of a fraction (hydrogenated compound of 2-methyl-2,4-diphenylpentane, hydrogenated compound: base oil 4) at 2 mmHg and 165 to 180 ° C.
(Reference Example 3)
In a 2 L stainless steel autoclave, 561 g of crotonaldehyde and 352 g of dicyclopentadiene were charged, and the reaction was carried out by stirring at 170 ° C. for 3 hours. After the reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, 18 g of Raney nickel catalyst was added, and hydrogenation was performed at 150 ° C. for 4 hours at a hydrogen pressure of 9 kg / cm ² (G). After cooling, the catalyst was filtered off, and the filtrate was distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 500 g of a 105 ° C./20 mmHg fraction.

Next, 20 g of γ-alumina was added, and a dehydration reaction was performed at a reaction temperature of 285 ° C. to obtain 450 g of a product. Furthermore, 8 g of boron trifluoride diethyl ether complex and 400 g of a dehydration reaction product were placed in a 1 L four-necked flask, and a dimerization reaction was performed at 20 ° C. for 4 hours while stirring. After washing this reaction mixture with dilute aqueous NaOH and saturated saline, 12 g of Ni / diatomaceous earth catalyst for hydrogenation was added to a 1 liter autoclave, hydrogen pressure 30 kg / cm ² (G), reaction temperature 250 ° C., reaction time 6 The hydrogenation reaction was carried out over time. After completion of the reaction, the catalyst was removed by filtration, and the filtrate was distilled under reduced pressure to obtain a mixture (base oil 5) of 200 g of the target dimer hydride. (Base oil component 4: exo-2-methyl-exo-3-methyl-endo-2-[(endo-3-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-exo-2-yl) methyl] bicyclo [2 2.1] Heptane: Base Oil A, exo-2-methyl-exo-3-methyl-endo-2-[(endo-2-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-exo-3-yl) Methyl] bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane: base oil B, endo-2-methyl-exo-3-methyl-exo-2-[(exo-3-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-exo 2-yl) methyl] bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane: base oil C, endo-2-methyl-exo-3-methyl-exo-2-[(exo-2-methylbicyclo [2.2. 1] hept-exo-3-yl) methyl] Cyclo [2.2.1] heptane: base oil D, base oil A + base oil B: 20 wt%, base oil C + base oil D: 60 wt%)
(Examples 1-7)
For base oils 1 to 5 and bicyclohexyl (base oil 6), a rope oil to which solid polyisobutylene (weight average molecular weight 9,000) was added as a thickener was prepared. Table 1 shows the composition of rope oil and measured values of various physical properties. All showed excellent traction coefficient and showed excellent performance as rope oil. Moreover, the viscosity of rope oil can be arbitrarily adjusted by changing the molecular weight and addition amount of a thickener.

  For Example 7, a rope oil was prepared using base oil 1 and styrene elastomer (styrene-ethylene copolymer, styrene copolymer ratio = about 70%, weight average molecular weight 80,000) as a thickener. Shows measured values of the composition and physical properties of the rope oil. Even when thickeners having different molecular structures were used, high traction characteristics were maintained.

(Comparative Example 1)
Polyisobutene oil (weight average molecular weight 700) was used for the purpose of comparison with the rope oil used in the examples.
(Example 8)
Table 2 shows measured values of the physical properties of the rope oil listed in Example 1 of the present invention, the base oil 1 listed in Reference Example 1, and the polyisobutene oil of Comparative Example 1. Here, the rope oil of Example 1 and the polyisobutene oil of Comparative Example 1 were both selected to be VG100 in the ISO viscosity grade (ISO 3448). Although the traction coefficient of all the oils was high, the result of Falex wear test showed that the reference example 1 was stopped by seizure compared to the example 1, and the wear of the comparative example 1 was more than doubled. It was.

  Reference Example 1 is the base oil of the rope oil of Example 1. However, since the viscosity of the oil alone is low, the sticking property to the interface of the test piece is low, and it is estimated that seizure occurs due to the oil film being cut. Therefore, in order to maintain the oil film stably and firmly against the surface pressure, it is essential to increase the viscosity of the rope oil. On the other hand, although the polyisobutene oil of Comparative Example 1 had viscosity, the amount of wear increased. Although polyisobutene oil shows stickiness to the interface, the oil film is considered thinner than Example 1. For this reason, the oil film was easily cut off under high surface pressure conditions, and the amount of wear increased.

  From the above results, the rope oil using the base oil as shown in the examples shows performance with high traction and excellent wear resistance.

(Examples 9 to 15 and Comparative Example 2)
Based on the formulation of the rope oil shown in Examples 1, 5, and 6, a thickener (wax) was added to prepare a grease. Table 3 shows the measured values of the grease composition and physical properties. Paraffin wax (melting point 69 ° C), micro wax (melting point 88 ° C), synthetic hydrocarbon wax (melting point 102 ° C), polyethylene wax (melting point 110 ° C), amide wax (melting point 143 ° C), montanic acid wax (melting point 100 ° C) Was prepared by mixing a predetermined amount with rope oil.

  As Comparative Example 2, red rope grease, which is a general wire rope grease for elevators, was used. The greases shown in the examples showed excellent traction coefficients in all of the comparative examples, and showed excellent performance as wire rope grease. Moreover, the viscosity of rope oil can be arbitrarily adjusted by changing the molecular weight and addition amount of a thickener.

  Moreover, the rope oil shown in the said Example and the wire rope distribute | arranged to grease can be used for the elevator apparatus shown in FIG. One end of the wire rope is fixed to the top of the hoistway. The wire is in the following order: the suspension pulley of the car, the pulley fixed to the top, the sheave connected to the hoist, the pulley fixed to the top, and the suspension pulley connected to the counterweight. The rope is routed and the other end is fixed at the top of the hoistway. This is a traction type elevator apparatus having a mechanism in which a wire rope is driven through a sheave by rotation of a hoist and a counterweight and a car are driven. Since the wire rope exhibits the performance satisfying both high traction and wear resistance, the wire rope has an excellent performance particularly with respect to a decrease in traction associated with the thinning of the wire rope and a decrease in rope life due to wear.

  Furthermore, by adding additives in a range that does not affect the traction coefficient of rope oil and grease, functions such as rust prevention, oxidation prevention, and wear suppression can be added, making the equipment smaller and reducing maintenance. It is possible to satisfy the required performance.

1: Car cage, 2: Counterweight (balanced weight), 3: Sheave connected to hoisting machine, 4: Wire rope, 5a: Suspension pulley for hanging the car, 5b: Suspension pulley for hanging the counterweight , 6: pulley fixed on top, 7: hoistway, 8: core rope, 9: strand, 10: steel wire, 11: grease (surface of steel wire)

Claims (7)

In a wire rope obtained by combining a plurality of strands obtained by combining a plurality of steel wires with a core of a fiber core, a base oil containing at least one compound represented by the general formula (1) and an average molecular weight of 1,000 A wire rope for an elevator apparatus, wherein the wire rope is coated or impregnated with a mixed oil containing a thickener of 100,000 or less.
(In the formula, n represents an integer of 0 to 4. X, X ′, and X ″ are monocyclic or a cyclic hydrocarbon having a bridge structure, and R and R ′ are a direct bond or an alkylene having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. Group, Q represents a hydrogen atom, an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a cyclic hydrocarbon. X, X ′, X ″, R, R ′, Q is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the side chain or (It may have cyclic hydrocarbons, each selected independently.)   The wire rope for an elevator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a thickener is mixed with the mixed oil, and the wire rope is coated or impregnated with grease having a blending degree of 200 to 475. The wire rope for an elevator apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the base oil is at least one compound represented by the general formulas (2) to (7).
(In the formula, R _{1 to} R ₇ are composed of hydrocarbon groups represented by the general formulas (8) to (10), wherein R ₁ ′ to R ₁₂ ′ are hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, Each of n _{1 to} n ₁₅ represents an integer of 0 to 9 or 0 to 11 depending on the structure of the cyclic hydrocarbon, and is independently selected from a monocyclic cyclohexyl group or a cyclohexyl group having a bridged structure, and Q _{1 to} Q ₁₅ Are independently selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a monocyclic cyclohexyl group, or a cyclohexyl group having a bridge structure, and when n _{1 to} n ₁₅ is an integer of 2 or more, a plurality of Q _{1 to} Q ₁₅ Q ₁ ′ to Q ₃ ′ are independently selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a monocyclic cyclohexyl group, or a cyclohexyl group having a bridge structure.   The wire rope for an elevator apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the core rope is impregnated with the mixed oil, and the strand is covered or impregnated with the grease.   3. The thickener according to claim 1, wherein the thickener is composed of normal paraffin, isoparaffin, polycyclic naphthene, and aromatic hydrocarbon, and includes 1 to 40 wt% of the thickener with respect to the base oil. Wire rope for elevator equipment.   3. The thickener according to claim 2, wherein the thickener is made of mineral oil-based hydrocarbon wax or synthetic hydrocarbon wax, contains 1 to 20 wt% of the thickener with respect to the mixed oil, and the dropping point of the grease is 30 ° C. or higher. A wire rope for an elevator apparatus characterized by being 110 ° C or lower.   A wire rope according to claim 1, a hoisting machine that winds up the wire rope, a counterweight connected to the wire rope, and a carriage driven by the wire rope being wound up. Features a traction type elevator device.