WO2017098924A1 - Grease for elevator rope, elevator rope, and traction elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are: grease for elevator ropes which has both high traction properties and high wear resistance, and further has adhesion to rope surfaces; and an elevator rope and a traction elevator which use the grease for elevator ropes. This grease for elevator ropes is configured from a grease layer of an elevator rope that includes a wire rope and the grease layer formed on the surface of the wire rope. The grease for elevator ropes is characterized by comprising grease that includes a base oil containing a hydrocarbon component and a naphthene compound, the hydrocarbon component being liquid or solid with a kinetic viscosity at 40°C of greater than 60 mm²/s and being contained in an amount of 30 to 90% by mass of the grease.

Description

Elevator rope grease, elevator rope and traction elevator

The present invention relates to an elevator rope grease, an elevator rope, and a traction type elevator.

In recent years, traction type elevators that are machine room-less have been used for elevators for low-rise buildings. Traction elevators can be installed in narrow spaces, which were difficult to install in the past because the design layout of the elevator tower was increased by eliminating the use of a machine room. For this reason, the spread of the apparatus is progressing when the apparatus is newly installed and updated.

Elevator rope (hereinafter referred to as “elevator rope”) is typically a rope defined in JIS G 3525, for example. The elevator rope has a structure (wire rope) in which about 6 or 8 strands are arranged around a core rope made of synthetic fiber or natural fiber, and these strands are twisted. The strand is a twist of a plurality of steel wires. When tension is applied to the rope, the steel wire strands compress the core rope in order to reduce the friction between the steel wires and wear, and to form an oil film between the rope and sheave (maintaining lubricity). The rope surface is coated with viscous oil or grease-like oil. When the tension of the rope is increased so that the contact surface pressure (Hertz surface pressure) at the contact portion of the rope and sheave increases, the oil on the rope surface forms an elastic fluid lubricating film at the contact portion, and the power of the hoisting machine is in contact It is transmitted to the rope through the section. This is a kind of drive system called a traction drive. The rope moves and the car and the counterweight are driven to raise and lower the elevator (climb the car).

Recently, the use of ropes with a small rope diameter is being considered. By reducing the diameter of the rope, the sheave diameter and the winding angle are reduced, and the elevator can be further miniaturized. On the other hand, reducing the diameter of the rope reduces the contact area between the rope and the sheave, leading to a reduction in the power transmission (traction) of the rope. The driving force (traction force) of the rope generated by traction is represented by the product of the contact surface pressure of the rope and sheave and the traction coefficient of oil (oil film). In order to obtain a traction force against a reduction in the contact area, it is necessary to increase the contact surface pressure of the rope-sheave contact portion or to change to an oil having a high traction coefficient. Further, increasing the contact surface pressure may cause an increase in wear due to contact between the rope and the sheave.

Here, the contact surface pressure of the contact portion increases due to the thinning of the rope, while the tensile strength of the rope decreases. Although the contact surface pressure increases with the weight of the car, etc., the load on the rope also increases, so it is necessary to adjust it considering the safety factor of the rope. In addition to reducing the size of the apparatus, from the viewpoint of energy saving and longer life, the weight reduction of the car and the like is also being studied, and there are many technical restrictions on the method of increasing the contact surface pressure. Therefore, there is a demand for application of oil, grease, and the like that can provide excellent traction against the narrowing of the contact area to the elevator rope.

As an example of a traction type elevator using a high traction rope, Patent Document 1 discloses that a base of single or combination of polybutene and liquid polyisobutene is used as a base, and this is fixed with a thickener to reduce the required dropping point and consistency. There is disclosed a traction type elevator apparatus characterized in that at least a rope is coated with a solid oil agent or a grease oil agent.

Patent Document 2 discloses a traction drive fluid used for a traction drive device (a device for transmitting a driving force by point contact or line contact between rotating rigid bodies), a cyclopentadiene oligomer having a predetermined molecular structure and 40 ° C. A traction drive fluid is disclosed which comprises a polybutene having a viscosity at 5 to 60 centistokes (mm ² / s).

JP 58-176298 A JP-A-5-105890

In order to ensure the safety of the elevator and reduce the number of maintenance and inspections for the elevator, it is desirable that the elevator rope has high wear resistance in addition to high traction characteristics. In order to realize the high wear resistance of the elevator rope, it is conceivable to provide elevator rope oil or grease having a high holding force (lubricating property) between the rope and the sheave between the rope and the sheave.

The liquid polybutene and polyisobutene contained in the grease of Patent Document 1 have excellent traction characteristics (high traction coefficient), but because of linear hydrocarbons, they are susceptible to molecular deformation under high surface pressure, and the oil film tends to be thin. There are features. As a result, oil film breakage between the rope and the sheave is likely to occur, and as a result, wear tends to proceed on the contact surface, and the life of the rope may be shorter than when a general-purpose mineral oil-based grease is used. In addition, when the oil film between the rope and sheave becomes thin, the power of the hoisting machine is not transmitted well to the rope due to the influence of abrasion powder generated by wear in addition to direct contact between parts, and the braking of the elevator is poor. There is also a risk of causing.

The traction drive fluid of Patent Document 2 is characterized by exhibiting excellent performance in terms of traction performance, low viscosity, thermal stability, and the like by using a fluid having a predetermined configuration. According to the specifications of the apparatus, the viscosity of the fluid is desirably 20 to 25 centistokes (mm ² / s), and it is important to improve the traction performance by reducing the viscosity as much as possible. Further, it has been shown that under the condition where the molecular weight and viscosity of the fluid are high, the traction coefficient is lowered and the target performance cannot be obtained. When the traction drive fluid is used for an elevator rope, since the viscosity is low, once the grease is softened, oil is gradually lost from the rope due to scattering or the like, and there is a high risk of causing wear and poor braking of the elevator. In the fluid (base oil) used for grease, oil retention and adhesion to the rope surface are particularly important, and it is considered that the expected performance cannot be exhibited.

As described above, in the prior art, an elevator rope grease having high traction characteristics, high wear resistance and adhesion to the rope surface, and an elevator rope and a traction type elevator using the grease are used. It could not be provided, and further improvement was desired.

In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide an elevator rope grease having both high traction characteristics and high wear resistance, and having adhesion to the rope surface, and an elevator rope and traction using the elevator rope grease Is to provide an elevator.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a grease for an elevator rope that constitutes the grease layer of an elevator rope having a wire rope and a grease layer formed on the surface of the wire rope. consists grease comprising a base oil containing a compound, wherein the hydrocarbon component has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is 60 mm 2 / ^s is greater than a liquid or solid, and characterized in that contained 30 to 90% by weight of said grease Provide elevator rope grease.

According to the present invention, there are provided an elevator rope grease having both high traction characteristics and high wear resistance, and further having adhesion to the rope surface, and an elevator rope and a traction type elevator using the elevator rope grease. be able to.

Issues, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of embodiments.

It is a mimetic diagram showing an example of a traction type elevator concerning the present invention. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows an example of the elevator rope which concerns on this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[Grease for elevator rope]
As described above, the elevator rope grease (hereinafter also simply referred to as “grease”) according to the present invention comprises a grease containing a base oil containing a hydrocarbon component and a naphthene compound, and the hydrocarbon component is at 40 ° C. Is a liquid or solid having a kinematic viscosity of more than 60 mm ² / s, and is contained in an amount of 30 to 90% by mass of the grease. By including a hydrocarbon component with excellent traction characteristics and a naphthenic compound that imparts wear resistance to grease, it is possible to obtain grease that has both high traction characteristics and high wear resistance, and also has high adhesion to the rope surface. Can do.

In this specification, the base oil alone or a high-viscosity oil thickened by adding a thickener to the base oil contains “rope oil”, a base oil, and a thickener. This oil is called “grease”. Hereinafter, each configuration of the grease according to the present invention will be described in detail.

(1) Base oil In the present invention, the base oil has (A) a hydrocarbon component and (B) a naphthene compound as components, and is configured to be a liquid oil under normal elevator operating temperature conditions (40 ° C.). Unlike the fluid for a traction drive device described in Patent Document 2, the elevator rope grease emphasizes the adhesion to the rope surface.

The component (A) is not particularly limited as long as the traction characteristics can be maintained, but a compound having a hydrocarbon group in the side chain represented by the following general formulas (14) and (15) is preferable.

Specific compounds represented by the general formulas (14) and (15) include polyisobutene, polybutene, polypropylene, (polybutene (poly-1-butene), polyisobutene), poly-1-pentene, poly-1- Preference is given to hexene, poly-1-heptene, poly-4-methyl-1-pentene, poly-1-octene, poly-1-nonene and poly-1-decene. Of these, those having shorter side chain molecular chains are preferred, and polybutene or polyisobutene is particularly preferred.

As the component (A), a plurality of substances having different states (liquid or solid), molecular weight or viscosity can be used. In particular, from the viewpoint of adhesion to the elevator rope surface and prevention of oil film breakage, the polybutene or polyisobutene used is desirably a liquid or solid having a kinematic viscosity (40 ° C.) of more than 60 mm ² / s. A liquid or solid having a temperature of 100 mm ² / s or more is more desirable. The viscosity of base oil can be adjusted with the kind and content of (A) component.

As the component (B), among the naphthene compounds containing a cyclic hydrocarbon, an adamantane derivative containing adamantane in the molecular structure and a polycyclic naphthene compound containing a plurality of cyclic hydrocarbons in the molecular structure are preferable. An adamantane derivative is a compound having adamantane as a basic skeleton and further having at least one functional group. Specifically, it is at least one compound represented by the following general formula (1).

In general formula (1), n represents an integer of 0 to 10. R ₁₀ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a carboxyl group, an acetyl group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group or an alkylhydroxyl group.

The compound represented by the general formula (1) is a compound having a very bulky molecular structure including an adamantane structure (large steric hindrance). The compound has high shear resistance, and even when the surface pressure increases, the deformation of the molecular structure is suppressed, the thickness of the oil film can be maintained, and excellent wear resistance can be realized against high surface pressure. it can.

Preferable examples of the general formula (1) are specifically adamantane, methyladamantane, 1,3-dimethyladamantane, ethyladamantane, propyladamantane, isopropyladamantane, adamantanecarboxylic acid, acetyladamantane, aminoadamantane, adamantanol, hydroxy Examples thereof include methyladamantane, hydroxyethyladamantane, 1,3-adamantanediol, 1,3,5-adamantanetriol, 3,5-dimethyl-1-adamantane methanol and 2-ethyl-2-adamantanol.

The polycyclic naphthene compound means a series of compounds having a plurality of cyclic hydrocarbons in the molecular structure. Specifically, it is at least one compound represented by the following general formula (2).

In general formula (2), n represents an integer of 0 to 4. X, X ′, and X ″ are monocyclic or a cyclic hydrocarbon having a bridge structure, R and R ′ are a direct bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, Q is a hydrogen atom, and an alkylene having 1 to 3 carbon atoms Represents a group or a cyclic hydrocarbon. X, X ′, X ″, R, R ′, and Q may have an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a cyclic hydrocarbon in the side chain, and the structure is selected independently of each other.

The compound represented by the general formula (2) has a plurality of cyclic hydrocarbons such as a cyclohexyl skeleton, and has a very bulky molecular structure (large steric hindrance) because the rings are hydrocarbons or directly bonded to each other. It is. Therefore, like the compound of the general formula (1), the compound has high shear resistance, and even when the surface pressure increases, the deformation of the molecular structure is suppressed, the thickness of the oil film can be maintained, and the high surface pressure is maintained. Excellent wear resistance can be realized.

Examples of the polycyclic naphthene compound represented by the general formula (2) include various compounds, and preferable examples include compounds represented by the following general formulas (3) to (8).

R ₁ to R ₇ in the general formulas (4) to (6) and (7) are composed of hydrocarbon groups represented by the general formulas (9) to (11), and R in the general formulas (9) to (11) ₁ ′ to R ₁₂ ′ are each independently selected from hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a monocyclic cyclohexyl group, or a cyclohexyl group having a crosslinked structure. N1 to n15 in the general formulas (3) to (8) represent an integer of 0 to 9 or 0 to 11 depending on the structure of the cyclic hydrocarbon, and Q ₁ to Q ₁₅ are each independently of each other a carbon number of 1 Selected from an alkyl group of 1 to 3, a monocyclic cyclohexyl group or a cyclohexyl group having a bridging structure, and when n1 to n15 are integers of 2 or more, a plurality of Q ₁ to Q ₁₅ are independently selected from each other Is done. Q ₁ ′ to Q ₃ ′ in the general formulas (5) and (6) are each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a monocyclic cyclohexyl group, or a cyclohexyl group having a crosslinked structure. Is done.

In the compounds of the general formulas (3) to (11), the alkyl groups of R ₁ ′ to R ₁₂ ′ and Q ₁ to Q ₁₅ are specifically a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, and i -Propyl group. R ₁ ′ to R ₁₂ ′ are more preferably hydrogen or a methyl group, and particularly preferably a carbon atom adjacent to the cyclohexyl group is methylated. The compounds of the general formulas (3) to (8) may be used singly or as a mixture in any combination and ratio.

Preferable examples of the general formulas (3) to (8) are compounds containing 2 to 4 cyclic compounds, specifically bicyclohexyl, 1,2-dicyclohexylpropane, 1,2-dicyclohexyl-2-methyl. Propane, 2,3-dicyclohexylbutane, 2,3-dicyclohexyl-2-methylbutane, 2,3-dicyclohexyl-2,3-dimethylbutane, 1,3-dicyclohexylbutane, 1,3-dicyclohexyl-3-methylbutane, 2 , 4-dicyclohexylpentane, 2,4-dicyclohexyl-2-methylpentane, 2,4-dicyclohexyl-2,4-dimethylpentane, 1,3-dicyclohexyl-2-methylbutane, 2,4-dicyclohexyl-2,3- Dimethylbutane, 2,4-dicyclohexyl-2,3-dimethylpenta 2,4,6-tricyclohexyl-2,4-dimethylheptane, 2,4,6-tricyclohexyl-2-methylhexane, 2,4,6-tricyclohexyl-2,4,6-trimethylheptane, 2, , 4,6,8-tetracyclohexyl-2,4,6,8-tetramethylnonane, bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylenebicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 2, -Methylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylene-3-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3-methylene-2-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 2,3-Dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylene-7-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3-methylene-7-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] ] Heptane, , 7-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylene-5-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3-methylene-5-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] Heptane, 2,5-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylene-6-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3-methylene-6-methylbicyclo [2.2 .1] heptane, 2,6-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylene-1-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3-methylene-1-methylbicyclo [ 2.2.1] heptane, 1,2-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylene-4-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3-methylene-4- Methylbicyclo [2.2.1] hepta 2,4-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylene-3,7-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3-methylene-2,7-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 2,3,7-trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylene-3,6-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3 -Methylene-2,6-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 2-methylene-3,3-dimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane, 3-methylene-2,2-dimethylbicyclo [2. 2.1] heptane, 2,3,6-trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, 2-methylene-3-ethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane and 3-methylene-2- Ethyl bicyclo [2.2.1] hep Down, 2-methyl-3-ethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene, and the like.

The compounds represented by the general formulas (3) to (8) each have a molecular structure containing a plurality of alicyclic hydrocarbons, and have a structure in which the rings are directly bonded or bridged by hydrocarbons. For this reason, since the steric hindrance of the molecule is large, deformation hardly occurs even under a high pressure, and an oil film having a sufficient thickness for the contact between the rope and the sheave is formed.

The production method of the compounds of the general formulas (3) to (8) is not particularly limited, and any known or arbitrary method can be employed. For example, a method of producing α-methylstyrene or styrene by hydrogenation after dimerization reaction or trimerization reaction, or a method of producing naphthenic synthetic lubricating oil can be mentioned. Moreover, although a tetramer compound etc. which are produced | generated in the process of manufacture may be included, since a multimer with a high molecular weight may be obtained as a solid, a dimer or a trimer compound is more preferable.

Other examples of naphthene compounds include hydrogenated products (hydrogenated products) of monocyclic or dimeric or higher cyclic monoterpenes and derivatives of monocyclic or dimeric or higher cyclic monoterpenes (cyclic monoterpenes). Terpene derivatives). Examples of cyclic monoterpenes and cyclic monoterpene derivatives (cyclic monoterpenoids) include various types. Mentadienes, cyclic hydrocarbons having a crosslinked structure, and mixtures thereof are preferred. Can be mentioned. These are hydrocarbons having isoprene as a structural unit, and are known to have structural isomers and enantiomers (d-form, l-form) depending on the molecular structure. The mentadienes and cyclic hydrocarbons having a crosslinked structure have relatively high reactivity for multimer synthesis. Moreover, since it has many cyclic structures, a base oil with a large steric hindrance can be formed. Furthermore, the above-mentioned compounds are also known as biological substances produced by plants, insects, fungi, etc., and because they are compounds derived from natural products, they are advantageous in terms of resource saving in that they can be produced from non-petroleum-based raw materials. .

Mentadienes are compounds that have a structure in which a methyl group and an isopropyl group are substituted at the 1,2-position, 1,3-position, or 1,4-position of the cyclohexane ring, respectively, and further have two carbon-carbon double bonds. is there. Specific examples include limonene, isolimonene, α-terpinene, β-terpinene, γ-terpinene, terpinolene, α-ferrandolene, β-ferrandolene and enantiomers thereof. In addition, derivatives in which a substituent such as an alkyl group or a hydroxyl group is introduced are also exemplified.

Examples of the cyclic hydrocarbons having a crosslinked structure include α-pinene, β-pinene, camphene, bornylene, fenchen, sabinene, and enantiomers thereof. The same applies to derivatives into which substituents such as alkyl groups and hydroxyl groups are introduced.

Moreover, the mixture containing the cyclic monoterpenes and derivatives thereof shown above can also be used as a base oil. Specific examples include essential oils such as dipentene, which is a mixture of isomers of p-mentadiene, and turpentine, which is a mixture of α-pinene and β-pinene.

The monocyclic monoterpenes and derivatives thereof in the present invention include, for example, compounds obtained by hydrogenation reaction of the above-mentioned mentadienes and the like. From the viewpoint of chemical stability, those not containing unsaturated hydrocarbons are preferred, and more preferred examples include norbornane and derivatives thereof, fencan and derivatives thereof, pinane and derivatives thereof, and the like.

The dimer or higher cyclic monoterpenes and derivatives thereof in the present invention are compounds (multimers) obtained by multimerization of cyclic monoterpenes or cyclic monoterpenoids, and one kind of multimer may be used. A mixture containing a plurality of multimers (for example, a mixture containing a limonene multimer and an α-terpinene multimer) may be used. Moreover, it is good also as a multimer which consists of a different kind of cyclic monoterpenes and cyclic monoterpenoids. For example, α-pinene (cyclic monoterpenes) and β-pinene (cyclic monoterpenes) in large quantities, and limonene (cyclic monoterpenes) and derivatives thereof (cyclic monoterpenoids) in large quantities It may be.

In addition, the multimer is not particularly limited as long as it is a dimer or more, and a mixture containing multimers having different number of units (number of monomers constituting the multimer) (for example, a mixture of dimer and trimer) ), But a multimer having a high molecular weight may be obtained as a solid. When it is obtained as a solid, it can be used by adjusting the viscosity by dissolving it in a solvent or the like, but in that case, the base oil may be thinned and the traction characteristics may be lowered. Therefore, dimer or trimer compounds are more desirable. The number of multimeric units depends on the position of the double bond of the monomer before the multimerization reaction.

The above-mentioned cyclic monoterpene or derivative thereof is subjected to a multimerization reaction in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a multimer. The catalyst used for the multimerization reaction is not particularly limited, but an acidic catalyst is generally used. Specific examples include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, aluminum chloride, iron (II) chloride, tin (II) chloride, zeolite, silica, alumina, cation exchange resin, and heteropolyacid. In the reaction vessel, a cyclic monoterpene or a derivative thereof and the catalyst are added to carry out a multimerization reaction. Further, a solvent such as n-hexane, cyclohexane, toluene or 1,2-diethoxyethane may be used for the purpose of dispersing the catalyst. Moreover, you may add reaction regulators, such as ester, ketones, or glycols, as needed.

Next, a dimer or higher cyclic monoterpene or derivative thereof obtained above is subjected to a hydrogenation reaction, and a dimer or higher cyclic monoterpene hydrogenated product or a dimer or higher cyclic monoterpene Obtain a hydrogenated product of the derivative to obtain the desired base oil. The hydrogenation reaction can be performed by a general method. For example, a hydrogenation reaction (catalytic hydrogenation) can be performed by circulating hydrogen gas in the presence of a metal catalyst (nickel, ruthenium, palladium, platinum, rhodium, iridium, etc.) suitable for the hydrogenation reaction and heating. it can.

Depending on the molecular structure, the hydrogenation reaction can also be carried out using hydride reduction using an art-type hydride complex such as lithium aluminum hydride, sodium borohydride, lithium triethylborohydride or lithium borohydride. Usually, it is carried out by heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation using a metal catalyst, but depending on the position of the double bond in the starting material, this method is difficult to reduce, and hydride reduction (homogeneous hydrogenation) is more reactive. In some cases, it is preferable to select a method suitable for the hydrogenation reaction depending on the molecular structure of each compound.

The component (B) described above is a compound having a plurality of cyclic hydrocarbons and having a very bulky molecular structure (large steric hindrance) by the rings being bonded directly or via hydrocarbons. By making it the base oil containing the said compound, the grease for elevator ropes which provided high abrasion resistance can be obtained.

In addition to the above-described adamantane derivatives and polycyclic naphthene compounds, monocyclic aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbons can be used. Although the steric hindrance is smaller than that of the aforementioned compound, it is possible to improve the wear resistance of the base oil for the same reason.

Further, the base oil according to the present invention is made of mineral oil (paraffin oil, naphthenic oil), synthetic ester oil, synthetic oil for the purpose of compatibility with thickener, base oil viscosity and rope grease stability, traction adjustment, etc. You may use it in addition to (A) component and (B) component as mixed oil which mix | blended ether oil, synthetic hydrocarbon oil, etc. suitably, or these as base oil. These can be selected according to the design specifications of the elevator.

In addition, it has been clarified that the wear resistance when using a compound (mixed oil) of polybutene or polyisobutene and a naphthene compound is effective even when a small amount of naphthene compound is combined. As shown in the examples described later, when the wear resistance of the base oil is compared, the wear resistance of the base oil can be reduced by 30% or more when the naphthene compound is at least 1% by mass or more.

The following is a discussion of the above effects. When an oil film is formed under high surface pressure, a part of the naphthene compound precipitates (solidifies) and is forcedly compressed and solidified while entraining nearby polybutene or polyisobutene to form a domain (island layer) in the oil film. A pseudo phase separation structure (sea-island structure) is formed. By forming a domain with naphthenic oil as the core in the grease (or mixed oil), the domain acts as a bulky cushion, thereby suppressing the direct contact between metals with a small amount of naphthenic compounds. Estimated.

The effect of dramatically improving the wear resistance by adding a small amount of the naphthene compound described above is due to a special phase change in the oil film under high surface pressure. is there.

The optimum blending ratio of the base oil can be appropriately selected in consideration of the viscosity, traction performance and wear resistance, but the optimum addition amount is 30 to 90% by mass of the component (A) of grease and the naphthenic compound of grease. 1 to 70% by mass. Furthermore, you may add 50 mass% or less of base oils other than (A) component and (B) component.

(2) Thickener The grease according to the present invention may have a thickener added to solidify the base oil. The thickener can be used without particular limitation as long as it can be mixed in the grease. Examples of the thickener include mineral oil-based wax (such as microwax (microcrystalline wax), paraffin wax and petrolatum), synthetic hydrocarbon wax ( Coal cracking gas synthesized by Fischer-Tropsch method), olefin derivative polymer wax (polyethylene wax, α-olefin wax), fatty acid derivative wax (amide wax, ketone wax), mineral wax (montanic acid wax) , Animal waxes (dense wax, whale) and plant waxes (carnauba wax, hollow). The type and amount of these waxes must be determined in consideration of the influence on the traction coefficient, thixotropic properties, and stickiness to the rope. The addition amount of the thickener is preferably 0.5 to 25% by mass of the grease, and more preferably 1 to 10% by mass.

In addition, various additives can be added to the above-described rope oil and grease in order to impart functions such as rust prevention, oxidation prevention, and wear suppression unless the traction coefficient is lowered. Examples of the rust preventive agent include metal salts of sulfonic acid compounds and amines. Examples of antioxidants include, for example, phenol-based antioxidants such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, amine-based antioxidants such as alkylated diphenylamine, and organic sulfur-based compounds such as zinc dialkyldithiophosphate. There is an antioxidant. Examples of wear inhibitors include, for example, fine graphite, molybdenum disulfide, zinc dialkyldithiophosphate and polytetrafluoroethylene powder. In addition, as a compatibility modifier for grease and an oily agent for metal interfaces, anionic surfactants (such as sodium fatty acid), nonionic surfactants (such as sorbitan fatty acid esters), and zwitterionic surfactants (alkylamino fatty acids) Salt etc.) can also be used.

Also, a thixotropic agent can be added as a thickener. A thixotropic agent is a compound having a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group in one molecule, and when dissolved in oil or the like, the molecules form a structure by hydrogen bonding in a solution to form a solid composition. have. It has thixotropic properties that are easily softened by shearing, and becomes a highly viscous liquid composition. Moreover, the structure by a hydrogen bond is formed again by removing a shear stress, and it becomes a solid composition. The thixotropic property of the composition can be seen under temperature conditions that can be taken by the elevator hoistway, including around room temperature, and achieves both high adhesion to the rope surface and oil film stabilization at the rope-sheave contact surface. Is.

In the grease of the present invention, the addition amount of the thickener is increased by adding a polycyclic naphthene compound to the base oil, compared with a case where only a chain hydrocarbon such as mineral oil or polyisobutene containing normal paraffin is used as the base oil. The oil tends to solidify even with a small amount. This is presumed that the polycyclic naphthene compound has a steric hindrance due to its bulky molecular skeleton, making the thixotropic agent less compatible than mineral oil and chain hydrocarbons, and forming a structure due to hydrogen bonding. . Further, since it is solidified with a small amount of thixotropic agent, the grease of the present invention can be used without impairing the traction characteristics of the base oil.

Any thixotropic agent can be used without particular limitation as long as it is soluble in the base oil and solidifies the base oil. Examples of thixotropic agents include fatty acid amides, fatty acid diamides, fatty acid triamides, fatty acid tetraamides, oxidized polyolefins and hydrogenated castor oil. The type and amount of the thixotropic agent must be determined in consideration of the influence on the traction coefficient of the rope oil and the sticking property (adhesiveness) to the rope.

Among the above-mentioned thixotropic agents, fatty acid amides and fatty acid diamides are excellent examples because they are suitable for compatibility with polycyclic naphthene compounds and have excellent structure formation by hydrogen bonding. Specifically, it is a compound represented by the following general formulas (12) and (13).

Wherein _{R 1''} the general formula (12) is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 ~ 24, _{R 3''} the general formula (13) is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, typically R _{2 ″ in} formula (12), R _{4 ″} and R _{5 ″} in general formula (13) are each independently selected from hydrocarbon groups having 4 to 24 carbon atoms. R _{1 ″} to R _{5 ″} have a substituent such as an alkyl group, a hydroxyl group or a phenyl group in their side chains for the purpose of compatibility with a base oil and promotion of structure formation by hydrogen bonding. It may be. Particularly preferably, R _{2 ″} , R _{4 ″} and R _{5 ″} have a hydroxyl group in the side chain. The compounds of the general formulas (12) and (13) may be used singly or as a mixture in an arbitrary combination and ratio.

Preferred examples of general formulas (12) and (13) are reaction products of monoamines or diamines with fatty acids. Monoamines include methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, 2-butylamine, 2-methylpropylamine, tert-butylamine, pentylamine, 2-pentylamine, 3-pentylamine, 2-methylbutylamine, 3-methylbutylamine, Neopentylamine, hexylamine, heptylamine, octylamine, nonylamine, decylamine, undecylamine, laurylamine, tridecylamine, myristylamine, pentadecylamine, palmitylamine, margarylamine, stearylamine, nonadecylamine, arachidylamine , Heicosylamine, beheramine, tricosylamine, cyclohexylamine, and phenylamine.

Examples of diamines include ethylenediamine, 1,2-propanediamine, 1,3-propanediamine, 1,4-butanediamine, 1,3-pentanediamine, 1,5-pentanediamine, 1,6-hexanediamine, 2- Methyl-1,5-pentanediamine, 1,7-heptanediamine, 1,8-octanediamine, hexahydro-o-xylylenediamine, hexahydro-m-xylylenediamine, hexahydro-p-xylylenediamine, 1,2 -Phenylenediamine, 1,3-phenylenediamine, 1,4-phenylenediamine and the like.

Examples of fatty acids include butyric acid, valeric acid, pivalic acid, hydroangenic acid, isovaleric acid, isocaproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecylic acid, lauric acid, tridecylic acid, myristic acid, pentadecylic acid , Palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, nonadecylic acid, arachidic acid, heicosyl acid, behenic acid, tricosyl acid, lignoceric acid and hydroxystearic acid. These isomers and derivatives such as carboxylic acid halides, carboxylic acid anhydrides and active esters are also included.

The amount of the thixotropic agent added is preferably 0.5 to 25% by mass of the grease, and more preferably 1 to 10% by mass. If the amount is less than 0.5% by mass, the base oil cannot be solidified. If the amount is more than 25% by mass, the base oil becomes thin and the traction characteristics are deteriorated. In order to easily solidify the oil in a small amount, it is desirable to select the addition amount in consideration of the design surface pressure of the elevator, the influence on the traction coefficient, the ease of manufacturing the grease, and the like. In consideration of the workability and long-term adhesion to the rope, it is desirable that the grease has a penetration degree of 200 to 400 and a dropping point of 30 to 110 ° C. The immiscibility penetration and dropping point are controlled mainly by the type of thixotropic agent, the amount added, and the compatibility.

The grease according to the present invention has the property of being liquefied by heating and solidified by cooling. As a method of applying the grease to the rope, it can be performed by immersing, applying, and spraying the grease onto the rope, the steel wire strand, or the rope by heating and melting the grease. In addition, at the time of making the rope, grease can be impregnated and applied to the rope by heating and melting at a twisting port (voice port) of the core rope and the steel wire strand.

In addition, by using the thixotropic properties of grease, for example, by adding a mechanism in which massive grease directly contacts the surface of moving parts, such as an elevator rope or sheave during lifting, the rope or sheave It is also possible to transfer the grease directly to the surface.

(3) Thickener The base oil according to the present invention described above has high traction characteristics, abrasion resistance, and adhesion to the rope surface. If necessary, a thickener is added to increase the viscosity of the base oil. It can be oil. If the viscosity is insufficient, the sticking (adhesion) of oil to the contact area will be weak, and the oil film will break during power transmission from the sheave and the rope will be easily worn, so measures to increase the viscosity of the base oil. Is required.

Here, as shown in (1), the viscosity can be arbitrarily adjusted by selecting polybutene or polyisobutene having an arbitrary molecular weight or combining a plurality of oils. In addition, among naphthene compounds and derivatives thereof, a multimer having a large molecular weight may be obtained as a highly viscous liquid or solid. For example, a naphthene compound of tetramer or higher is often a solid, and although it is difficult to use it alone as a base oil, a polymer having a large molecular weight has high solubility in base oil and high traction characteristics. By mixing with a dimer or trimer compound, the tetramer or higher compound serves as a thickener, and the base oil component alone can also serve as a thickener. In addition, the grease can be configured without using a thickener, for example, under conditions where the contact surface pressure is low, or by using a compound having sufficient viscosity as a simple substance for the base oil, such that the oil film breakage can be suppressed. Is also possible. Therefore, since the viscosity of the base oil alone can be increased in the present invention, the thickener is not an essential component, and if necessary, depending on the operating conditions of the elevator rope such as the base oil component and the contact surface pressure. Can be used.

The thickener preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 500 or more and 100,000 or less. By adding such a thickening agent, even a low-viscosity base oil has sufficient stickiness to the contact area, and it is also sufficient for contact between the rope and sheave that receives a high contact surface pressure like an elevator Can maintain a good oil film thickness. As a result, the grease has excellent traction characteristics and wear resistance.

In general, thickeners with a higher molecular weight have a greater thickening effect and increase in viscosity when added in a small amount. However, when subjected to a high contact surface pressure, the main chain of the molecule tends to break. Therefore, thickeners having a large molecular weight are not often used in the technical field. However, it is considered that the base oil in this embodiment has a large steric hindrance and a thick oil film. Thereby, since an oil film becomes a buffer material and the damage to a thickener is reduced, molecular weight can be enlarged. On the other hand, the thicker the molecular weight, the lower the solubility. Therefore, the desirable weight average molecular weight of the thickener is 1,000 or more and 100,000 or less, more preferably 5,000 or more and 50,000 or less. More preferably, it is more than 30,000 and less than 30,000.

As the thickener, normal paraffin, isoparaffin such as poly-α-olefin, polycyclic naphthene compound such as cyclopentadiene-based petroleum resin, aromatic hydrocarbon, or a copolymer thereof can be used. Any material having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 100,000 and dissolved or dispersed in the base oil may be used. In particular, polycyclic naphthene compounds such as cyclopentadiene and isoparaffins such as polyisobutene are more preferable because they exhibit traction characteristics corresponding to base oils.

The amount of thickener added can be adjusted as appropriate according to design specifications, but is preferably 1 to 40% by mass of the grease. If it is less than 1% by mass, the effect of the thickener cannot be obtained. If it exceeds 40% by mass, it becomes difficult to uniformly dissolve in the base oil, and the components of the base oil become thin. There is a risk that the traction characteristics of the vehicle will deteriorate. When used as rope oil, the amount of thickener added is preferably 5 to 60% by mass of the base oil. If it is less than 5% by mass, the effect of the thickener cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 60% by mass, the viscosity may be too high. By changing the molecular weight and the addition amount of the thickener, the viscosity of the rope oil can be arbitrarily adjusted.

[Elevator rope]
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of an elevator rope. As shown in FIG. 2, the elevator rope 4 has a wire rope 40 and a grease layer 11 formed on the surface of the wire rope 40. The wire rope 40 includes a steel wire strand (hereinafter, also referred to as “strand”) 9 formed by combining a plurality of steel wires (10a, 10b, and 10c), and a core rope 8 made of synthetic fiber or natural fiber. It consists of more than one in the center. In FIG. 2, six strands 9 are arranged around the core rope 8, but eight strands 9 may be arranged.

By disposing the grease according to the present invention on the surface of the wire rope 40 (the surface 11 of the strand 9 in FIG. 2), the oil film thickness and the sticking property are sufficient for the contact between the elevator rope and the sheave. In addition, a rope having excellent traction characteristics and wear resistance can be obtained. In the present invention, the effect of the present invention can be obtained if at least the surface of the strand 9 is coated with grease. However, the rope oil or grease according to the present invention is also impregnated into the surface or the inside of the core rope 8 so that the rope In use, rope oil or grease is sequentially supplied from the core rope 8 to the surface of the strand 9, and the rope performance (traction characteristics and wear resistance) can be maintained over a long period of time. Moreover, if rope oil or grease is impregnated also inside the strand 9, more rope oil or grease can be retained, so that the performance of the rope can be maintained for a longer period of time.

The rope 8 is impregnated with rope oil, and the strand 9 is coated or impregnated with grease having a viscosity higher than that of the rope oil. On the other hand, the strand 9 that comes into contact with the external device can be given high stickiness, and therefore it is preferable to use rope oil and grease separately for the core rope 8 and the strand 9. Of course, grease may be disposed on the inside of the core rope 8, the surface, the inside of the strand 9 and all of the surface. In this case, all use the same grease, which is efficient and advantageous in terms of productivity.

As a method of forming a grease layer on the wire rope (applying grease to the wire rope), the grease is heated and melted, and dipped and applied to the rope 8 and the steel wire strand 9 and the rope 4 in the same manner as the rope oil. This can be done by spraying. Further, when the rope is manufactured, the grease can be impregnated and applied to the rope by heating and melting the grease at a twisting port (voice port) of the core rope 8 and the steel wire strand 9.

As a result of extensive studies the viscosity of rope oil, it is desirable in kinematic viscosity of 40 ° C. is 40 mm ² / s or more, more desirably 50 ~ 1,000mm ² / s. If the viscosity of the rope oil is increased, the sticking property is increased, but the supply of the rope oil from the core rope 8 to the strand 9 is less likely to occur. Therefore, the rope oil is appropriately selected according to the specifications of the rope and the elevator. The rope oil can be applied to the wire rope by dipping, applying, and spraying the rope oil onto the heart rope or the wire rope in the same manner as the grease. Moreover, it is also possible to supply oil directly to the rope at room temperature as maintenance oil for the elevator rope.

[Traction elevator]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a traction type elevator according to the present invention. 1 is a passenger car, 2 is a counterweight (balanced weight), 3 is a sheave connected to a hoisting machine (not shown), 4 is a rope (elevator rope), 5a and 5b are each holding a car and a counterweight A suspension pulley, 6 is a pulley fixed to the top, and 7 is a hoistway. One end of the rope 4 is fixed to the top of the hoistway 7 and is routed in the order of the car suspension pulley 5a, the top pulley 6, the sheave 3, the top pulley 6, and the counterweight suspension pulley 5b, and the other end is the hoistway. It is fixed at the top. The tension difference generated by the car 1 and the counterweight 2 is balanced with the frictional force generated between the rope 4 and the sheave 3 via the rope 4. The surface of the rope 4 has a grease layer composed of the grease according to the present invention described above.

Since the traction type elevator according to the present invention has a high traction coefficient of grease, it is possible to reduce the size of the device and make the rope thinner than conventional elevators. Moreover, since the wear resistance of the elevator rope is high, the number of rope replacements can be reduced.

In addition, by using the grease according to the present invention as a grease having thixotropic properties, it becomes possible to continuously supply the grease to the surfaces of elevator parts such as ropes and sheaves. This utilizes the property that the grease softens when subjected to shear, and the grease can be directly transferred to the surface of the elevator part. Any grease can be used without particular limitation as long as it has an appropriate consistency and mixing consistency and includes a mechanism that makes direct contact with elevator parts. As a result, it is possible to reduce maintenance frequency and maintenance work steps, suppress wear of elevator ropes, etc., and extend the life of the elevator. The installation position of the mechanism is not particularly limited, and can be used in consideration of an elevator design specification, easy maintenance, and the like.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described using Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

(1) Evaluation method of rope oil and grease (1-1) Measurement of kinematic viscosity, consistency and dropping point of rope oil The kinematic viscosity (40,100 ° C) of rope oil is measured according to JIS standard (JIS K2283). did. Moreover, the grease consistency (immiscibility consistency, mixing consistency) and the dropping point were measured based on JIS standard (JIS K2220). Also, the viscosity grade was evaluated based on ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 3448 from the value of the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of the rope oil.

(1-2) Measurement of traction coefficient The traction coefficient was measured using a ball-on-disk test apparatus. This test apparatus has a mechanism for rotating both the ball and the disk, and can arbitrarily change the sliding speed and the rolling speed. The measurement conditions were a load of 30 N (Hertz surface pressure: 0.82 GPa), a rolling speed: 500 mm / s, a temperature of 30 ° C., a sliding speed: 0 to 1000 mm / s, and the traction coefficient was measured by changing the sliding speed. The maximum value (μmax) was taken as the traction coefficient of the sample.

The material of the rotating body was a high carbon chrome bearing steel (SUJ2 steel) of JIS standard (JIS G 4805: 2008).

(1-3) Falex Abrasion Test The extreme pressure test of oil was conducted using a Falex frictional wear test apparatus with reference to ASTM-D2670. The material of the test piece is carbon steel (journal pin (φ6.35 mm): nickel chrome steel (SAE3135), V block: sulfur free-cutting steel (AISI1137)). The test was performed under the conditions (rotational speed: 290 min-1, temperature: 70 ° C., leveling operation: 89 N, 5 min, main measurement: 445 N, 3 h). The amount of wear was calculated by calculating the total wear depth of the pin and block from the scale change of the ratchet of the load mechanism.

(1-4) Gel filtration chromatography measurement The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the thickener was measured with a gel filtration chromatography (GPC: Gel Permeation Chromatography) apparatus (solvent: tetrahydrofuran, polystyrene standard).

(2) Synthesis of Base Oil and Evaluation Results (2-1) Reference Example 1: Synthesis of Synthetic Oils 1-3 In a 10-liter glass reaction vessel (hereinafter, “L” is denoted as “L”), α-methylstyrene 5 kg and 100 g of 12-tungstic acid as a catalyst were added, reacted at 50 ° C. for 1 hour by heating and stirring, then cooled in a 20 ° C. water bath, and the solid catalyst was filtered off. This filtrate is put into a 200 L autoclave, and further 100 kg of cyclohexane and 500 g of a hydrogenation catalyst (supporting 5 mass% Pd) of activated carbon carrier containing Pd (hereinafter, this catalyst is referred to as “Pd / C hydrogenation catalyst”). After sealing and sealing, hydrogenation was performed at a hydrogen pressure of 60 kg / cm ² (G) and 180 ° C. for 8 hours, and the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, and the catalyst was filtered off.

When the obtained product was analyzed by gel filtration chromatography, the dimer component (2,4-dicyclohexyl-2-methylpentane: synthetic oil 1) was 48.2% by mass, the trimer component (2, 4, 6-Tricyclohexyl-2,4-dimethylheptane: 32.3% by mass of synthetic oil 2) and 9.7% by mass of a tetramer component (synthetic oil 3) were produced.

The whole reaction solution was subjected to a rotary evaporator to distill off the monomer (cyclohexane) and light components, and then each component was separated by distillation under reduced pressure.

(2-2) Reference Example 2: Synthesis of Synthetic Oil 4 α-Methylstyrene dimer 1000 g, cyclohexane 5000 g, and Pd / C hydrogenation catalyst 10 g were placed in a 10 L autoclave equipped with a stirrer and sealed. The inside of the autoclave was kept at 0.1 MPa with hydrogen and stirred at room temperature (25 ° C.) for 18 hours. Thereafter, the autoclave was opened, the Pd / C hydrogenation catalyst was filtered off, and the cyclohexane was distilled off to obtain 1125 g of 2-methyl-2,4-diphenylpentane.

Next, 1000 g of 2-methyl-2,4-diphenylpentane and 100 g of AlCl ₃ were placed in a 10 L three-necked reaction vessel equipped with a calcium chloride tube, a condenser tube and a dropping funnel. While stirring, 2000 g of diisobutylene was dropped from the dropping funnel over 30 minutes, the temperature was raised to 60 ° C., and the mixture was stirred for 3 hours. While cooling the reaction vessel in an ice bath, 3000 g of distilled water was added dropwise over 30 minutes to decompose AlCl ₃ . Then, the organic layer was separated by standing and dehydrated with anhydrous Na ₂ SO ₄ to obtain 3000 g of a mixture containing an alkylated 2-methyl-2,4-diphenylpentane and a multimer of diisobutylene. Obtained.

The total amount of this reaction solution, 30000 g of cyclohexane and 300 g of N-113 nickel-based hydrogenation catalyst were put in an autoclave, sealed, and subjected to nuclear hydrogenation at a hydrogen pressure of 6.1 MPa and 200 ° C. for 2 hours. After cooling, the catalyst was filtered off. The cyclohexane was distilled off. The reaction solution was distilled by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 1600 g of a fraction (hydrogenated compound of 2-methyl-2,4-diphenylpentane: hydrogenated compound: synthetic oil 4) at 2 mmHg and 165 to 180 ° C.

The synthetic oil 4 is a mixture of a plurality of substances, and the main substances contained in the synthetic oil 4 are synthetic oil A, synthetic oil B, synthetic oil C, and synthetic oil D. In the synthetic oil 4, the total content of the synthetic oil A and the synthetic oil B is 20% by mass, and the total content of the synthetic oil C and the synthetic oil D is 60% by mass. Synthetic oils A to D are the following substances, respectively.
Synthetic oil A:
exo-2-methyl-exo-3-methyl-endo-2-[(endo-3-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-exo-2-yl) methyl] bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane Synthetic oil B:
exo-2-methyl-exo-3-methyl-endo-2-[(endo-2-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-exo-3-yl) methyl] bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane Synthetic oil C:
endo-2-methyl-exo-3-methyl-exo-2-[(exo-3-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-exo-2-yl) methyl] bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane Synthetic oil D:
endo-2-methyl-exo-3-methyl-exo-2-[(exo-2-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-exo-3-yl) methyl] bicyclo [2.2.1] heptane

(2-3) Reference Example 3: Synthesis of Synthetic Oil 5 In a 2 L stainless steel autoclave, 561 g of crotonaldehyde and 352 g of dicyclopentadiene were charged and stirred at 170 ° C. for 3 hours for reaction. After the reaction solution was cooled to room temperature, 18 g of Raney nickel catalyst was added, and hydrogenation was performed at 150 ° C. for 4 hours at a hydrogen pressure of 9 kg / cm ² (G). After cooling, the catalyst was filtered off, and the filtrate was distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 500 g of a 105 ° C./20 mmHg fraction.

Next, 20 g of γ-alumina was added, and a dehydration reaction was performed at a reaction temperature of 285 ° C. to obtain 450 g of a product. Further, 8 g of boron trifluoride diethyl ether complex and 400 g of a dehydration reaction product were placed in a 1 L four-necked flask, and a dimerization reaction was performed at 20 ° C. for 4 hours while stirring. The reaction mixture was washed with dilute aqueous NaOH solution and saturated saline solution, 12 g of hydrogenation Ni / diatomaceous earth catalyst was added to a 1 liter autoclave, hydrogen pressure 30 kg / cm ² (G), reaction temperature 250 ° C., reaction time 6 The hydrogenation reaction was carried out over time. After completion of the reaction, the catalyst was removed by filtration, and the filtrate was distilled under reduced pressure to obtain a mixture (synthetic oil 5) of 200 g of the target dimer hydride.

(2-4) Production and evaluation results of rope oils of Examples 1 to 8 Polyisobutene (polyisobutene oil 1: kinematic viscosity 110 mm ² / s (40 ° C.) as base oil, polyisobutene oil 2: kinematic viscosity 655 mm ² / s (40 ° C.), polyisobutene oil 3: kinematic viscosity ^{3,450mm 2 / s (40 ℃)} , solid polyisobutene (weight average molecular weight Mw: 9,000)), and a mixed oil of naphthenic compounds (synthetic oil 1-5), Rope oil added with styrene elastomer (styrene copolymer, styrene copolymer ratio: about 70%, weight average molecular weight Mw: 80,000) as a thickener was prepared and evaluated for ISO viscosity grade and traction coefficient. did. Table 1 shows the composition and evaluation results (measured values of various physical properties) of the rope oil. In the composition of Table 1, “%” means “% by mass”. The same applies to Tables 2 to 5 described later. All showed excellent traction coefficient, maintained high viscosity, and showed excellent performance as rope oil.

(2-5) Evaluation Results of Comparative Example 1 For the purpose of comparison with the rope oil used in the examples, only polyisobutene oil 1: kinematic viscosity 205 mm ² / s (40 ° C.) was used, ISO viscosity grade, traction coefficient and The amount of wear was evaluated. Table 2 shows the evaluation results.

(2-6) Production and evaluation results of rope oils of Examples 9 to 12 Rope oils prepared by changing the addition amount of synthetic oil 1 based on the rope oils listed in Example 1 and ISO viscosity grade The traction coefficient and the amount of wear were evaluated. Table 2 shows the composition and evaluation results of the rope oil. In any case, the addition amount of each component was adjusted so as to be VG100 in the ISO viscosity grade (ISO 3448), and the viscosity was not affected.

Although the traction coefficient was high for all the rope oils, the rope oil containing at least 1% or more of the naphthenic compound compared to the rope oil containing no naphthenic compound (Comparative Example 1) from the Falex abrasion test results. Then, the wear amount tended to be suppressed by 30% or more. Although the polyisobutene oil of Comparative Example 1 has viscosity, it is presumed that the oil film easily cuts under a high surface pressure condition, and the amount of wear increased. On the other hand, with rope oil mixed with naphthenic compounds, a pseudo phase separation structure is formed in the oil film by thickening or solidifying the naphthenic compound when forming an oil film under high surface pressure. It is presumed that the effect of suppressing was shown. From the above results, it can be seen that the rope oil using the base oil shown in the examples exhibits high traction and excellent performance in wear resistance.

(2-6) Production and evaluation results of rope oils of Examples 13 to 16 Polyisobutene oil 1, solid polyisobutene, and adamantane derivative (adamantane derivative 1,1,3-dimethyladamantane, adamantane derivative 2: adamantanol) as base oils A rope oil to which cyclic monoterpenes (cyclic monoterpenes 1: norbornane, cyclic monoterpenes 2: fencan) were respectively added was prepared. In each case, the amount of each component added was adjusted so as to be VG100 in the ISO viscosity grade (ISO 3448). Table 3 shows the composition and evaluation results of the rope oil.

The traction coefficient of all the rope oils showed a high value, and the result of Falex wear test showed that the wear amount tended to be lower than the rope oil containing no naphthenic compound (Comparative Example 1). From this result, it is clear that even when an adamantane derivative and cyclic monoterpenes are used as the naphthene compound, the effect of improving the wear resistance is exhibited.

(2-7) Reference Example 4: Synthesis of Synthetic Oils 6 to 8 In a 10 L glass reaction vessel, 1 kg of D-limonene, 100 ml of 1,2-diethoxyethane, and 100 g of cation exchange resin as a catalyst were placed. The mixture was heated at 50 ° C. for 6 hours and stirred to react, then cooled in a 20 ° C. water bath, and the solid catalyst was filtered off. A rotary evaporator, the solvent and unreacted starting materials were recovered, placed in the reaction solution 500g in 1L autoclave, placed in a nickel catalyst 50g for hydrogenation, after sealing, a hydrogen pressure of ^{50kg / cm 2 (G),} 4 hours at 160 ° C. Hydrogenation was performed, the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, and the catalyst was filtered off.

When the obtained product was analyzed by gel filtration chromatography, the dimer component (synthetic oil 6) was 51.2%, the trimer component (synthetic oil 7) was 35.3%, and the tetramer component (synthetic product). 13.5% of oil 8) was produced. The entire reaction solution was distilled under reduced pressure to separate each component.

(2-8) Reference Example 5: Synthesis of Synthetic Oil 9 In a 10 L glass reaction vessel, 1 kg of β-pinene, 200 mL of cyclohexane, 100 mL of 1,2-diethoxyethane, and 100 g of cation exchange resin as a catalyst The mixture was heated at 40 ° C. for 6 hours and stirred to react, then cooled in a 20 ° C. water bath, and the solid catalyst was filtered off. By rotary evaporation, the raw material of the solvent and unreacted was recovered, placed in the reaction solution 500g in 1L autoclave, placed in a nickel catalyst 50g for hydrogenation, after sealing, a hydrogen pressure of ^{50kg / cm 2 (G),} 4 hours at 120 ° C. Hydrogenation was performed, the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, and the catalyst was filtered off.

When the obtained product was analyzed by gel filtration chromatography, a dimer component (synthetic oil 9) was produced. All reaction solutions were distilled under reduced pressure to collect only the dimer component.

(2-9) Reference Example 6: Synthesis of synthetic oil 10 In a 10 L glass reaction vessel, 1 kg of camphene, 200 mL of cyclohexane, 100 mL of 1,2-diethoxyethane, and 100 g of cation exchange resin as a catalyst were placed. The mixture was heated at 50 ° C. for 6 hours and stirred to react, then cooled in a 20 ° C. water bath, and the solid catalyst was filtered off. Using a rotary evaporator, the solvent and unreacted raw materials are recovered, 500 g of the reaction solution is put into a 1 L autoclave, 50 g of nickel catalyst for hydrogenation is put in, and after sealing, the hydrogen pressure is 50 kg / cm ² (G) at 110 ° C. for 4 hours. Hydrogenation was performed, the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, and the catalyst was filtered off. When the obtained product was analyzed by gel filtration chromatography, a dimer component (synthetic oil 10) was produced. All reaction solutions were distilled under reduced pressure to collect only the dimer component.

(2-10) Reference Example 7: Synthesis of Synthetic Oil 11 A 10 L glass reaction vessel was charged with 1 kg of terpinolene, 200 mL of cyclohexane, 100 mL of 1,2-diethoxyethane, and 100 g of cation exchange resin as a catalyst. The mixture was heated at 60 ° C. for 6 hours and stirred to react, then cooled in a 20 ° C. water bath, and the solid catalyst was filtered off. Using a rotary evaporator, the solvent and unreacted raw materials are recovered, 500 g of the reaction solution is put into a 1 L autoclave, 50 g of nickel catalyst for hydrogenation is put in, and after sealing, the hydrogen pressure is 50 kg / cm ² (G) at 120 ° C. for 4 hours. Hydrogenation was performed, the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, and the catalyst was filtered off.

When the obtained product was analyzed by gel filtration chromatography, a dimer component (synthetic oil 11) was produced. All reaction solutions were distilled under reduced pressure to collect only the dimer component.

(2-11) Reference Example 8: Synthesis of synthetic oil 12 to 14 In a 10 L glass reaction vessel, 1 kg of dipentene (an isomer mixture of p-menthadienes), 100 ml of 1,2-diethoxyethane, After adding 100 g of cation exchange resin and reacting by heating and stirring at 60 ° C. for 6 hours, the mixture was cooled in a 20 ° C. water bath, and the solid catalyst was separated by filtration. Using a rotary evaporator, the solvent and unreacted raw materials are recovered, 500 g of the reaction solution is put into a 1 L autoclave, 50 g of nickel catalyst for hydrogenation is put in, and after sealing, the hydrogen pressure is 50 kg / cm ² (G) at 160 ° C. for 4 hours. Hydrogenation was performed, the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, and the catalyst was filtered off. When the obtained product was analyzed by gel filtration chromatography, the dimer component (synthetic oil 12) was 66.3%, the trimer component (synthetic oil 13) was 21.3%, and the tetramer component (synthetic oil). 12.4% of oil 14) was produced. The entire reaction solution was distilled under reduced pressure to separate each component.

(2-12) Reference Example 9: Synthetic Oil 15 Synthesis In a 10 L glass reaction vessel, 1 kg of turpentine oil (90% α-pinene, 5% β-pinene, 5% other), 200 mL cyclohexane, 1,2- After adding 100 ml of diethoxyethane and 100 g of a cation exchange resin as a catalyst and heating and stirring at 40 ° C. for 6 hours, the reaction was carried out, followed by cooling in a 20 ° C. water bath and filtering off the solid catalyst. Using a rotary evaporator, the solvent and unreacted raw materials are recovered, 500 g of the reaction solution is put into a 1 L autoclave, 50 g of nickel catalyst for hydrogenation is put in, and after sealing, the hydrogen pressure is 50 kg / cm ² (G) at 120 ° C. for 4 hours. Hydrogenation was performed, the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, and the catalyst was filtered off. When the obtained product was analyzed by gel filtration chromatography, a dimer component (synthetic oil 15) was produced. All reaction solutions were distilled under reduced pressure to collect only the dimer component.

(2-13) Production and evaluation results of rope oils of Examples 17 to 26 Examples 17 to 26 were obtained by changing the synthetic oil of Example 1 to other polycyclic naphthene compounds (synthetic oils 6 to 15). is there. Table 4 shows the composition and evaluation results of the base oil. As in Example 1, both showed high traction coefficient and wear resistance.

(2-14) Reference Example 9: Preparation of Thickener In a 3 L glass reaction vessel, 30 g of ethylenediamine and 300 g of 12-hydroxystearic acid were dissolved in m-xylene, and iron (III) chloride 6 was used as a catalyst. The hydrate 15g was added and it heated and refluxed for 10 hours. After the product was filtered off, the product was isolated and purified by recrystallization.

When the obtained product was analyzed by gel filtration chromatography, fatty acid diamide (N, N′-ethylene-bis-12-hydroxystearic acid amide) was obtained.

(2-15) Preparation and Evaluation of Greases of Examples 27 to 33 and Comparative Example 2 Based on the formulation of the rope oil shown in Examples 1 and 7, a grease was prepared by adding a thickener (wax). . Paraffin wax (melting point 69 ° C.), micro wax (melting point 88 ° C.), synthetic hydrocarbon wax (melting point 102 ° C.), polyethylene wax (melting point 110 ° C.), fatty acid diamide (melting point 143 ° C.), montanic acid wax (melting point 100 ° C.) Was prepared by mixing a predetermined amount with rope oil. Further, as Comparative Example 2, a red rope grease, which is a general grease for an elevator wire rope, was used. Red rope grease is grease mainly composed of wax. Table 5 shows the grease composition and evaluation results. The greases of Examples 27 to 33 all showed an excellent traction coefficient, and showed excellent performance as an elevator rope grease.

The grease adjustment methods shown in Examples 27 to 33 can also be applied to the preparation of grease from other rope oils. In particular, fatty acid diamide changes the blending degree and the immiscible consistency depending on the amount added, and thixo. Tropic nature can be controlled. Therefore, it is possible to flexibly change the consistency, thixotropic property, and creep recovery property of the thixotropic grease according to the required performance of the rope. In addition, the viscosity of the rope oil shown in this example is equivalent to VG100 or higher, and the adhesion to the rope-sheave surface is high even under the condition of liquefaction under high surface pressure, and the occurrence of oil film breakage etc. is sufficiently suppressed. Is possible.

In addition, the rope provided with the rope oil or grease shown in the above examples shows performance that achieves both high traction characteristics and high wear resistance. Demonstrates excellent performance against a decrease in rope life.

Furthermore, by adding additives in a range that does not affect the traction coefficient of rope oil and grease, functions such as rust prevention, oxidation prevention, and wear suppression can be added, and the equipment can be downsized and maintenance can be saved. It is possible to satisfy the required performance.

In addition, by using a thixotropic compound such as fatty acid diamide for the grease according to the present invention, the grease can be continuously supplied to the surfaces of elevator parts such as ropes and sheaves. By adding a mechanism in which the grease is in direct contact with the elevator parts, it is possible to supply the grease to the surface of the rope or the like while using the elevator. Further, since the thixotropic property of the grease is used, a process such as heating as in the conventional elevator rope grease is unnecessary, and can be realized by a simple device. As a result, it is possible to reduce maintenance frequency and maintenance work steps, suppress wear of elevator ropes, etc., and extend the life of the elevator.

As described above, according to the present invention, by adding (compositing) a naphthene compound to a hydrocarbon component such as polybutene, it becomes difficult to undergo deformation of the oil film even under high surface pressure between the rope and the sheave, resulting in high traction. It was shown that it is possible to provide grease for elevator ropes that has both characteristics and high wear resistance. In addition, by adjusting the viscosity of the base oil arbitrarily, it is possible to use the rope without causing oil film breakage, greatly reducing the life due to wear compared to the case where only the conventional polyisobutene oil is used as the base oil. It has been shown that it can be suppressed.

Furthermore, it was shown that by using the elevator rope grease according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an elevator rope having both high traction characteristics and high wear resistance, and a traction type elevator using the same.

It should be noted that the above-described embodiments have been specifically described to help the understanding of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to having all the configurations described. For example, a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, a part of the configuration of each embodiment can be deleted, replaced with another configuration, or added with another configuration. In addition, even when the component configuration or composition changes during the course of continuous use, the scope of the present invention is included as long as the original performance is maintained.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Ride car, 2 ... Counterweight (balance weight), 3 ... Sheave connected to hoisting machine, 4 ... Rope (elevator rope), 5a ... Suspension pulley for hanging the car, 5b ... Suspending counterweight 6 ... pulley fixed on top, 7 ... hoistway, 8 ... heart rope, 9 ... strand, 10a, 10b, 10c ... steel wire, 11 ... grease (surface of strand 9), 40 ... wire rope , 100 ... Traction type elevator.

Claims (10)

1. In the elevator rope grease constituting the grease layer of the elevator rope having a wire rope and a grease layer formed on the surface of the wire rope,
   Consisting of a grease containing a base oil containing a hydrocarbon component and a naphthene compound,
   The grease for elevator ropes, wherein the hydrocarbon component is a liquid or a solid having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. larger than 60 mm ² / s and is contained in 30 to 90% by mass of the grease.
2. The elevator rope grease according to claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon component is polybutene or polyisobutene.
3. 2. The elevator rope grease according to claim 1, wherein the naphthene compound includes a compound having at least one adamantane derivative represented by the following general formula (1) as a basic skeleton.
   

   

   (In general formula (1), n represents an integer of 0 to 10. R ₁₀ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a carboxyl group, an acetyl group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, or an alkylhydroxyl group.)
4. 2. The elevator rope grease according to claim 1, wherein the naphthene compound contains at least one polycyclic naphthene compound represented by the following general formula (2).
   

   

   (In general formula (2), n represents an integer of 0 to 4. X, X ′, and X ″ are monocyclic or cyclic hydrocarbons having a bridge structure, and R and R ′ are direct bonds or have 1 carbon atom. 3 represents an alkylene group, Q represents a hydrogen atom, an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a cyclic hydrocarbon, and X, X ′, X ″, R, R ′ and Q each have 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the side chain. 3 may have 3 alkyl groups or cyclic hydrocarbons, and the structures are selected independently of each other.)
5. The grease for elevator ropes according to claim 4, wherein the polycyclic naphthene compound represented by the general formula (2) is a polycyclic naphthene compound represented by the following general formulas (3) to (8). .
   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   (R ₁ to R ₇ in the general formulas (4) to (6) and (7) are composed of hydrocarbon groups represented by the general formulas (9) to (11). R ₁ ′ to R ₁₂ ′ are each independently selected from hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a monocyclic cyclohexyl group, or a cyclohexyl group having a bridged structure. N1 to n15 in the formula (1) represent an integer of 0 to 9 or 0 to 11 depending on the structure of the cyclic hydrocarbon, and Q ₁ to Q ₁₅ are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a monocyclic ring In the case where n1 to n15 are selected from a cyclohexyl group or a cyclohexyl group having a crosslinked structure and n1 to n15 are integers of 2 or more, the structures of the plurality of Q ₁ to Q ₁₅ are each independently selected. ) And Q ₁ ′ to Q ₃ ′ in (6) And each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a monocyclic cyclohexyl group, or a cyclohexyl group having a bridged structure.)
6. 6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a thickening agent, wherein the thickening agent is a mineral oil-based hydrocarbon wax or a synthetic hydrocarbon wax and contains 0.5 to 25% by mass of the grease. The grease for elevator ropes according to one item.
7. The elevator rope grease according to claim 6, wherein the thickener is at least one compound represented by the following general formulas (12) to (13).
   

   

   

   (R _{1 ″ in the} general formula (12) is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and R _{3 ″ in the} general formula (13) is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. R _{2 ″ in} (12), R _{4 ″} and R _{5 ″} in general formula (13) are each independently selected from a hydrocarbon group having 4 to 24 carbon atoms, R _{1 ″.} ~ R _5'' is an alkyl group in the side chain may have a substituent such as a hydroxyl group or a phenyl group.)
8. Further, it contains a thickener, and the thickener is at least one of linear hydrocarbon, branched hydrocarbon, saturated cyclic hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 100,000. The elevator rope grease according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein
9. In an elevator rope having a wire rope and a grease layer formed on the surface of the wire rope,
   The wire rope includes a heart rope and a strand made of a plurality of steel wires and disposed around the heart rope,
   The elevator rope, wherein the grease layer is made of the grease for elevator ropes according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
10. Traction type comprising a rope, a hoisting machine for winding the rope, a counterweight connected to the rope, and a riding car connected to the rope and driven by winding the rope In the elevator,
    The rope has a wire rope and a grease layer formed on a surface of the wire rope;
    The wire rope includes a heart rope and a strand made of a plurality of steel wires and disposed around the heart rope,
    The said grease layer consists of the grease for elevator ropes of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 5, The traction type elevator characterized by the above-mentioned.

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