JP6334377B2 - Elevator rope oil, grease for elevator rope, elevator rope and traction type elevator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator rope oil, an elevator rope grease (hereinafter also referred to as grease), an elevator rope, and a traction type elevator.

  In recent years, a traction type elevator without a machine room is used for an elevator for a low-rise building. Traction elevators can be installed in narrow spaces, which were difficult to install in the past because the design layout of the elevator tower was increased by eliminating the use of a machine room. For this reason, the spread of the apparatus is progressing when the apparatus is newly installed and updated.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a traction type elevator. 1 is a passenger car, 2 is a counterweight (balanced weight), 3 is a sheave connected to a hoisting machine (not shown), 4 is a rope (wire rope), 5a and 5b are respectively hanging a passenger car and a counterweight A suspension pulley, 6 is a pulley fixed to the top, and 7 is a hoistway. One end of the rope 4 is fixed to the top of the hoistway 7 and is routed in the order of the car suspension pulley 5a, the top pulley 6, the sheave 3, the top pulley 6, and the counterweight suspension pulley 5b, and the other end is the hoistway. It is fixed at the top. The tension difference generated by the car 1 and the counterweight 2 is balanced with the frictional force generated between the rope 4 and the sheave 3 via the rope 4.

  As the elevator rope, for example, a rope defined by JIS G 3525 is generally used. The rope has a structure in which about 6 or 8 strands are arranged around a heart rope made of synthetic fiber or natural fiber, and these are twisted. The strand is a twist of a plurality of steel wires. When tension is applied to the rope, the steel wire strands compress the core rope in order to reduce the friction between the steel wires and wear, and to form an oil film between the rope and sheave (maintaining lubricity). The rope surface is coated with viscous oil or grease-like oil. In the elevator of FIG. 1, when the tension of the rope 4 is increased so that the contact surface pressure (Hertz surface pressure) at the contact portion between the rope 4 and the sheave 3 is increased, the oil on the surface of the rope 4 causes the elastohydrodynamic lubricating film at the contact portion. The power of the hoisting machine is transmitted to the rope 4 through the contact portion. This is a kind of drive system called a traction drive. When the rope 4 moves, the car 1 and the counterweight 2 are driven, and the elevator goes up and down (the car 1 goes up and down).

  Recently, the application of a rope having a small rope diameter has been studied. By reducing the diameter of the rope, the sheave diameter and the winding angle are reduced, and the elevator can be further miniaturized. On the other hand, reducing the diameter of the rope reduces the contact area between the rope and the sheave, leading to a reduction in the power transmission (traction) of the rope. The driving force (traction force) of the rope generated by traction is represented by the product of the contact surface pressure of the rope and sheave and the traction coefficient of oil (oil film). In order to obtain a traction force against a reduction in the contact area, it is necessary to increase the contact surface pressure of the rope-sheave contact portion or to change to an oil having a high traction coefficient.

  Here, with the thinning of the rope, the contact surface pressure of the contact portion increases, while the tensile strength of the rope decreases. Although the contact surface pressure increases with the weight of the car, etc., the load on the rope also increases, so it is necessary to adjust it considering the safety factor of the rope. In addition to reducing the size of the apparatus, from the viewpoint of energy saving and longer life, the weight reduction of the car and the like is also being studied, and there are many technical restrictions on the method of increasing the contact surface pressure. Therefore, there is a demand for oils and greases that can provide excellent traction with respect to narrowing of the contact area.

  As an example of a traction type elevator using a high traction rope, Patent Document 1 discloses that the required dropping point and consistency are obtained by using polybutene and liquid polyisobutylene alone or in combination as a base and fixing them with a thickener. A traction type elevator apparatus characterized in that at least a soft solid oil agent or a grease oil agent is applied to the rope is disclosed. Patent Document 2 discloses a traction drive fluid (traction drive device (friction drive device by rolling contact)), for example, for automobiles, which contains dimerized hydrogenated cyclic monoterpenoids as traction oil. Patent Document 3 discloses a traction drive mechanism (a planetary roller type traction drive used as a transmission in machine tools and the like), which discloses a continuously variable transmission, an industrial continuously variable transmission, a fluid used in hydraulic equipment, and the like. The grease composition used in the mechanism) is a hydride of α-alkylstyrene 2 to trimer, and a thickener is dispersed in a base oil composed of at least one compound represented by a predetermined formula. A traction grease composition is disclosed.

JP 58-176298 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-198693 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-8058

  In order to ensure the safety of the elevator and reduce the number of times of maintenance and inspection of the elevator, it is desired that the elevator rope has high wear resistance in addition to high traction characteristics. In order to realize the high wear resistance of the elevator rope, it is conceivable to provide elevator rope oil or grease having a high holding force (lubricating property) between the rope and the sheave between the rope and the sheave.

  The polybutene and liquid polyisobutylene contained in the grease of Patent Document 1 have excellent traction characteristics (high traction coefficient), but are linear hydrocarbons that are susceptible to molecular deformation under high surface pressure, resulting in a thin oil film. There are easy features. As a result, oil film breakage is likely to occur, and as a result, wear tends to proceed on the contact surface between the rope and sheave, and the life of the rope may be shorter than when a general-purpose mineral oil-based traction grease is used. In addition, when the oil film between the rope and the sheave becomes thin, the power of the hoisting machine is not transmitted well to the rope, which may cause an elevator braking failure.

  The traction drive fluid of Patent Document 2 is intended for continuously variable transmissions for automobiles and the like, and is not disclosed at all about applying to an elevator rope to achieve both high traction characteristics and high wear resistance of the elevator rope. .

  In addition, the grease disclosed in Patent Document 3 is used as a transmission for machine tools, transmissions, and the like, and is used in a high temperature region of 200 ° C. or higher. Therefore, the traction performance cannot be exhibited unless the temperature is high. That is, there is a problem that high traction performance cannot be exhibited even if it is used for an elevator rope that operates at room temperature to about 100 ° C.

  As described above, the prior art is not sufficient to provide high wear resistance in addition to high traction characteristics to the elevator rope, and further improvement has been desired.

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide an elevator rope oil and an elevator rope grease capable of obtaining an elevator rope having both high traction characteristics and high wear resistance, and the elevator rope oil or the elevator rope grease. It is to provide an elevator rope and a traction type elevator that are used.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a base oil containing at least one of a hydrogenated product of a dimer or higher cyclic monoterpene and a hydrogenated product of a dimer or higher cyclic monoterpene derivative. Thus, an elevator rope oil having a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of 40 mm ² / s or more is provided.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the elevator rope oil and grease for elevator ropes which can obtain the elevator rope which balances a high traction characteristic and high abrasion resistance can be provided. Moreover, by using the elevator rope oil or the elevator rope grease according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an elevator rope that achieves both high traction characteristics and high wear resistance, and a traction elevator using the elevator rope.

It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of a traction type elevator. It is a schematic diagram of the cross section which shows an example of an elevator rope.

  Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments taken up here, and can be appropriately combined and improved without departing from the scope of the invention.

[Elevator rope oil]
As described above, the elevator rope oil according to the present invention includes at least one of a hydrogenated product (hydrogenated product) of a cyclic monoterpene derivative having a dimer or more and a hydrogenated product of a cyclic monoterpene derivative having a dimer or more. Contains base oils containing one. Moreover, the grease for elevator ropes according to the present invention includes the above-described elevator rope oil and a thickener. Furthermore, the elevator rope oil may contain a thickener. Hereinafter, each component will be described in detail. In this specification, a mixed oil composed of a base oil and a thickener is referred to as “rope oil”, and a grease-like oil composed of a base oil, a thickener and a thickener is referred to as “grease”.

(1) Base oil In the present invention, a cyclic monoterpene means a series of compounds having a cyclic monoterpene structure, and a cyclic monoterpene derivative (cyclic monoterpenoid) means an alkyl in a cyclic monoterpene. Means a group introduced with a substituent such as a hydroxyl group or a hydroxyl group. Dimer or higher cyclic monoterpene hydrogenates and dimer or higher cyclic monoterpene derivative hydrogenates are compounds having a very bulky molecular structure (high steric hindrance) and shear resistance. Even when the surface pressure increases, the thickness of the oil film can be maintained, and high traction characteristics and high wear resistance can be realized.

  Examples of the cyclic monoterpenes and derivatives thereof (cyclic monoterpenoids) include various types. Mentadienes, cyclic hydrocarbons having a crosslinked structure, and mixtures thereof are preferable. it can. These are hydrocarbons having isoprene as a structural unit, and are known to have structural isomers and enantiomers (d-form, l-form) depending on the molecular structure. The mentadienes and cyclic hydrocarbons having a crosslinked structure have relatively high reactivity for multimer synthesis. Moreover, since it has many cyclic structures, a base oil with a large steric hindrance can be formed. Furthermore, the above-mentioned compounds are also known as biological substances produced by plants, insects, fungi, etc., and because they are compounds derived from natural products, they are advantageous in terms of resource saving in that they can be produced from non-petroleum-based raw materials. .

  Mentadienes are compounds that have a structure in which a methyl group and an isopropyl group are substituted at the 1,2-position, 1,3-position, or 1,4-position of the cyclohexane ring, respectively, and further have two carbon-carbon double bonds. is there. Specific examples include limonene, isolimonene, α-terpinene, β-terpinene, γ-terpinene, terpinolene, α-ferrandolene, β-ferrandolene and enantiomers thereof. In addition, derivatives in which a substituent such as an alkyl group or a hydroxyl group is introduced are also exemplified.

  Examples of the cyclic hydrocarbons having a crosslinked structure include α-pinene, β-pinene, camphene, bornylene, fenchen, sabinene and enantiomers thereof. The same applies to derivatives into which substituents such as alkyl groups and hydroxyl groups are introduced.

  Moreover, the mixture containing the cyclic monoterpenes and derivatives thereof shown above can be used as a base oil in the same manner. Specific examples include essential oils such as dipentene, which is a mixture of isomers of p-mentadiene, and turpentine, which is a mixture of α-pinene and β-pinene. In the range shown in the present invention, the raw material for the base oil is not particularly limited.

  The dimer or higher cyclic monoterpenes and derivatives thereof in the present invention are compounds (multimers) obtained by multimerization of cyclic monoterpenes or cyclic monoterpenoids, and one kind of multimer may be used. A mixture containing a plurality of multimers (for example, a mixture containing a limonene multimer and an α-terpinene multimer) may be used. Moreover, it is good also as a multimer which consists of a different kind of cyclic monoterpenes and cyclic monoterpenoids. For example, α-pinene (cyclic monoterpenes) and β-pinene (cyclic monoterpenes) in large quantities, and limonene (cyclic monoterpenes) and derivatives thereof (cyclic monoterpenoids) in large quantities It may be. In addition, the multimer is not particularly limited as long as it is a dimer or more, and a mixture containing multimers having different number of units (number of monomers constituting the multimer) (for example, a mixture of dimer and trimer) ), But a multimer having a high molecular weight may be obtained as a solid. When it is obtained as fixed, it can be used by adjusting the viscosity by dissolving it in a solvent or the like, but in that case, the base oil may be diluted and the traction characteristics may be lowered. Therefore, dimer or trimer compounds are more desirable. The number of multimeric units depends on the position of the double bond of the monomer before the multimerization reaction.

  The cyclic monoterpenes or derivatives thereof are subjected to a multimerization reaction in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a multimer. The catalyst used for the multimerization reaction is not particularly limited, but an acidic catalyst is generally used. Specific examples include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, aluminum chloride, iron (II) chloride, tin (II) chloride, zeolite, silica, alumina, cation exchange resin, and heteropolyacid. In the reaction vessel, a cyclic monoterpene or a derivative thereof and the catalyst are added to carry out a multimerization reaction. Further, a solvent such as n-hexane, cyclohexane, toluene or 1,2-diethoxyethane may be used for the purpose of dispersing the catalyst. Moreover, you may add reaction regulators, such as ester, ketones, or glycols, as needed.

  Next, a dimer or higher cyclic monoterpene or derivative thereof obtained above is subjected to a hydrogenation reaction, and a dimer or higher cyclic monoterpene hydrogenated product or a dimer or higher cyclic monoterpene Obtain a hydrogenated product of the derivative to obtain the desired base oil. The hydrogenation reaction can be performed by a general method. For example, a hydrogenation reaction (catalytic hydrogenation) can be performed by circulating hydrogen gas in the presence of a metal catalyst (nickel, ruthenium, palladium, platinum, rhodium, iridium, etc.) suitable for the hydrogenation reaction and heating. it can. Depending on the molecular structure, the hydrogenation reaction can also be carried out using hydride reduction using art-type hydride complexes such as lithium aluminum hydride, sodium borohydride, lithium triethylborohydride or lithium borohydride. Usually, it is carried out by heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation using a metal catalyst, but depending on the position of the double bond in the starting material, this method is difficult to reduce, and hydride reduction (homogeneous hydrogenation) is more reactive. In some cases, it is preferable to select a method suitable for the hydrogenation reaction depending on the molecular structure of each compound.

  The above-described base oil according to the present invention is a compound having a plurality of cyclic hydrocarbons and having a very bulky molecular structure (large steric hindrance) due to the rings being bonded directly or via hydrocarbons. . By using the compound as a base oil, an elevator rope having both high traction characteristics and high wear resistance and an elevator using the same can be obtained.

[Grease for elevator rope]
(2) Thickener (wax)
The grease for an elevator rope according to the present invention is obtained by adding a thickener for solidifying or solidifying the above base oil. As the thickener according to the present invention, any base oil can be used without particular limitation as long as it can be semisolid or solidified. Examples of thickeners include mineral oil-based hydrocarbon wax (microwax (microcrystallin wax), paraffin wax, petrolatum, etc.), synthetic hydrocarbon wax (coal decomposition gas synthesized by Fischer-Tropsch method), olefin Derivative polymer wax (polyethylene wax, α-olefin wax), fatty acid derivative wax (amide wax, ketone wax), mineral wax (montanic acid wax), animal wax (dense wax, whale) and plant wax (carnauba wax) , Hollow). The types and blending ratios of these waxes need to be determined in consideration of the influence on the traction coefficient of the rope oil and the sticking property (adhesion) to the rope.

  Of the above thickeners, it has been clarified in the present invention that microwax can solidify the base oil with a smaller amount of addition than other paraffin waxes. Microwax, petrolatum, and the like tend to produce fine crystals (microcrystals) when greased, compared to linear paraffin wax. Since these are structures close to the molecular structure of the cyclic monoterpenes that are the structural units of the base oil of the present invention, they are superior in dispersibility in base oils than ordinary paraffin waxes, and have a network structure with a thickener even during cooling. Formation is likely to occur. As a result, it is presumed that the base oil can be solidified with addition of a smaller amount than paraffin wax. For this reason, the base oil can be solidified without reducing the traction characteristics of the base oil. Such a phenomenon is achieved by setting the blending ratio of the base oil (rope oil) and the thickener as shown in the present invention.

  Microwax is an aggregate of microcrystals, and the strength of the network structure generated during cooling is considered to be lower than paraffin wax having high crystallinity. Therefore, at the contact portion with high surface pressure such as between the rope and the sheave, the base oil is separated from the grease, and an oil film is easily formed. From the above, it is more preferable to use a thickener such as microwax or petrolatum, which contains a lot of branched hydrocarbons and saturated cyclic hydrocarbons, as the thickener for grease in the present invention.

  5-25 mass% is preferable and, as for the optimal compounding ratio of a thickener, 10-20 mass% is more preferable. If it is less than 5% by mass, the base oil cannot be greased, and if it exceeds 20% by mass, the base oil becomes thin and the traction characteristics deteriorate. In order to easily solidify the oil in a small amount, it is more desirable to use a wax having a melting point of 60 ° C. or higher and 110 ° C. or lower in consideration of the influence on the traction coefficient and the ease of manufacturing the grease. In addition, it is desirable that the penetration of the grease and the dropping point are 200 to 475 and the dropping point is 30 to 110 ° C. in consideration of processability to the rope and long-term adhesion. The blending degree and dropping point of the grease are controlled by the type of thickener and the blending ratio with respect to the grease.

(3) Thickener The base oil according to the present invention described above exhibits high traction characteristics, while rope oil may have low viscosity when the base oil alone is used. When the viscosity is low, the sticking (adhesion) of oil to the contact portion becomes weak, and the oil film is cut off during power transmission from the sheave, and the rope is likely to wear. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the structure of the oil film at the contact portion, and a measure for increasing the viscosity of the base oil is necessary. In the present invention, a thickener can be used to increase the viscosity of the base oil.

  Among dimer or higher cyclic monoterpenes and derivatives thereof generated in the base oil synthesis process, a multimer having a high molecular weight may be obtained as a highly viscous liquid or solid. In particular, a compound having a tetramer or higher is often a solid and difficult to use as a base oil alone, but a polymer having a large molecular weight has high solubility in base oil and high traction characteristics. By mixing with a trimer compound, a tetramer or higher compound serves as a thickener, and only the base oil component can serve as a thickener. In addition, it is possible to make a grease without using a thickener, for example, by using a condition where the contact surface pressure is low, or by using a compound having sufficient viscosity as a simple substance for the base oil, such that the oil film breakage can be suppressed. Is possible. Therefore, in the present invention, the thickener is not an essential component, and can be used if necessary according to the operating conditions of the elevator rope such as the components of the base oil and the contact surface pressure.

  The thickener preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 or more and 100,000 or less. By adding such a thickening agent, even a low-viscosity base oil has sufficient stickiness to the contact area, and it is also sufficient for contact between the rope and sheave that receives a high contact surface pressure like an elevator Can maintain a good oil film thickness. As a result, the grease has excellent traction characteristics and wear resistance.

  In general, thickeners with a higher molecular weight have a greater thickening effect and increase in viscosity when added in a small amount, but when subjected to high contact surface pressure, the main chain of the molecule tends to be broken. Therefore, thickeners having a large molecular weight are not often used in the technical field. However, it is considered that the base oil in this embodiment has a large steric hindrance and a thick oil film. Thereby, since an oil film becomes a buffer material and the damage to a thickener is reduced, molecular weight can be enlarged. On the other hand, the thicker the molecular weight, the lower the solubility. Therefore, the desirable weight average molecular weight of the thickener is 1,000 or more and 100,000 or less, more preferably 5,000 or more and 50,000 or less. More preferably, it is more than 30,000 and less than 30,000. Moreover, it is preferable that a thickener is 1-40 mass% with respect to base oil. If it is less than 1% by mass, the effect of the thickener cannot be obtained. If it exceeds 40% by mass, it becomes difficult to uniformly dissolve in the base oil, and the components of the base oil become thin. The traction characteristics of the are reduced. Moreover, it is preferable that it is 5-60 mass% with respect to rope oil. If it is less than 5% by mass, the effect of the thickener cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 60% by mass, the viscosity becomes too high. By changing the molecular weight and the addition amount of the thickener, the viscosity of the rope oil can be arbitrarily adjusted.

  As the thickener, there can be used normal paraffin, isoparaffin such as poly-α-olefin, polycyclic naphthene such as cyclopentadiene-based petroleum resin, aromatic hydrocarbon or copolymer thereof. Any material having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 100,000 and dissolved or dispersed in the base oil may be used. In particular, polycyclic naphthenes such as cyclopentadiene and isoparaffins such as polyisobutylene are more preferable because they have a bulky structure similar to the base oil and are excellent in traction characteristics and wear resistance.

  When the thickener is added, if the blending amount of the base oil component in the rope oil is too small, the traction coefficient decreases, and if it is too large, the stickiness to the rope cannot be secured. Therefore, the optimum blending ratio of the base oil to the rope oil is 40 to 95% by mass, more preferably about 50 to 85% by mass.

  In addition, an additive can be added to the above-described rope oil and grease in order to impart functions such as rust prevention, oxidation prevention, and wear suppression unless the traction coefficient is lowered. Examples of the rust preventive agent include metal salts of sulfonic acid compounds and amines. Examples of antioxidants include, for example, phenol-based antioxidants such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, amine-based antioxidants such as alkylated diphenylamine, and organic sulfur-based compounds such as zinc dialkyldithiophosphate. There is an antioxidant. Examples of wear inhibitors include fine graphite, molybdenum disulfide, polytetrafluoroethylene powder, and the like.

[Elevator rope]
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of an elevator rope. As shown in FIG. 2, the elevator rope 4 is composed of a steel wire strand (hereinafter also referred to as a strand) 9 composed of a plurality of steel wires (10a, 10b, and 10c) made of synthetic fibers or natural fibers. It consists of a plurality of pieces centered on the heart rope 8. In FIG. 2, six strands 9 are arranged around the core rope 8, but eight strands 9 may be arranged.

  By arranging the grease according to the present invention on the surface of the rope 4 (the surface 11 of the strand 9 in FIG. 2), the oil film thickness and the sticking property are sufficient for the contact between the rope and the sheave of the elevator. A rope excellent in traction characteristics and wear resistance can be obtained. In the present invention, the effect of the present invention can be obtained by coating at least the surface of the strand 9 with rope oil or grease. However, the surface or the inside of the heart rope 8 is also impregnated with the rope oil or grease according to the present invention. Thus, when the rope is used, rope oil or grease is sequentially supplied from the core rope 8 to the surface of the strand 9, and the performance (traction characteristics and wear resistance) of the rope can be maintained over a long period of time. Further, if the rope 9 or the grease is impregnated in the strand 9, more rope oil or grease can be held, so that the performance of the rope can be maintained for a longer period.

  The rope 8 is impregnated with rope oil, and the strand 9 is coated or impregnated with grease having a viscosity higher than that of the rope oil. On the other hand, the strand 9 that comes into contact with the external device can be given high stickiness, and therefore it is preferable to use rope oil and grease separately for the core rope 8 and the strand 9. Of course, grease may be disposed on the inside of the core rope 8, the surface, the inside of the strand 9 and all of the surface. In this case, all use the same grease, which is advantageous in terms of productivity.

  As a method of applying the grease to the elevator rope, the grease can be heated and melted, and dipped, applied, and sprayed onto the core rope 8, the steel wire strand 9, and the rope 4 like the rope oil. Further, when the rope is manufactured, the grease can be impregnated and applied to the rope by heating and melting the grease at a twisting port (voice port) of the core rope 8 and the steel wire strand 9.

As a result of intensive studies on the viscosity of the rope oil, the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is preferably 40 mm ² / s or more, and more preferably 50 to 1,000 mm ² / s. If the viscosity of the rope oil is increased, the sticking property is increased, but the supply of the rope oil from the core rope 8 to the strand 9 is less likely to occur. Therefore, the rope oil is appropriately selected according to the specifications of the rope and the elevator. The rope oil can be applied to the rope by dipping, applying, and spraying the rope oil to the rope and the rope in the same manner as the grease. Moreover, it is also possible to supply oil directly to the rope at room temperature as maintenance oil for the elevator rope.

[Traction elevator]
In the traction type elevator according to the present invention, the rope 4 of the traction type elevator shown as an example in FIG. 1 is the above-described elevator rope according to the present invention. Since the traction type elevator according to the present invention has a high traction coefficient of grease, it is possible to reduce the size of the device and make the rope finer than the conventional elevator. Moreover, since the wear resistance of the elevator rope is high, the number of rope replacements can be reduced.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The following describes the evaluation methods for rope oil and grease.

(1) Measurement of kinematic viscosity, consistency and dropping point of rope oil The kinematic viscosity (40,100 ° C.) of rope oil was measured based on JIS standard (JIS K2283). Further, the grease consistency (mixing consistency) and dropping point were measured based on JIS standard (JIS K2220). Moreover, the viscosity index was evaluated based on the JIS standard (JIS K 2283) from the values of kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. and 100 ° C. of the rope oil. Also, the viscosity grade was evaluated based on ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 3448 from the value of the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. of the rope oil.

(2) Measurement of traction coefficient of rope oil and grease The traction coefficient was measured using a ball-on-disk test apparatus. This test apparatus has a mechanism for rotating both the ball and the disk, and can arbitrarily change the sliding speed and the rolling speed. The measurement conditions were a load of 30 N (Hertz surface pressure: 0.82 GPa), a rolling speed of 500 mm / s, a temperature of 30 ° C., a sliding speed of 0 to 1000 mm / s, and the traction coefficient was measured by changing the sliding speed. The maximum value (μmax) was taken as the traction coefficient of the sample.

  A high carbon chromium bearing steel material (SUJ2 steel material) of JIS standard (JIS G 4805: 2008) was used for the material of the rotating body.

(3) Falex Wear Test An extreme pressure test of rope oil was performed using a Falex friction and wear test apparatus with reference to ASTM (America Society for Testing and Materials) -D2670. The material of the test piece is carbon steel (journal pin (φ6.35 mm): nickel chrome steel (SAE3135), V block: sulfur free-cutting steel (AISI1137)). The measurement was performed under the conditions (rotational speed: 290 min ⁻¹ , temperature: 70 ° C., leveling operation: 89 N, 5 min, main measurement: 445 N, 3 h). The amount of wear was calculated by calculating the total wear depth of the pin and block from the scale change of the ratchet of the load mechanism.

(4) Gel filtration chromatography measurement The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the thickener was measured with a gel filtration chromatography (GPC: Gel Permeation Chromatography) apparatus (solvent: tetrahydrofuran, polystyrene standard).

(Synthesis of base oils 1 to 3)
In a glass reaction vessel of 10 liters (hereinafter referred to as “L”), 1 kg of D-limonene, 100 ml of 1,2-diethoxyethane, and 100 g of cation exchange resin as a catalyst were placed at 50 ° C. After reacting by heating and stirring for 6 hours, the mixture was cooled in a 20 ° C. water bath, and the solid catalyst was filtered off. Using a rotary evaporator, the solvent and unreacted raw materials are recovered, 500 g of the reaction solution is put into a 1 L autoclave, 50 g of nickel catalyst for hydrogenation is put, and after sealing, the hydrogen pressure is 50 kg / cm ² (G) at 160 ° C. for 4 hours. Hydrogenation was performed, the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, and the catalyst was filtered off.

  When the obtained product was analyzed by gel filtration chromatography, the dimer component (base oil 1) was 51.2%, the trimer component (base oil 2) was 35.3%, the tetramer component (base oil). 13.5% of oil 3) was produced. The entire reaction solution was distilled under reduced pressure to separate each component.

(Synthesis of base oil 4)
In a 10 L glass reaction vessel, 1 kg of β-pinene, 200 mL of cyclohexane, 100 mL of 1,2-diethoxyethane, and 100 g of cation exchange resin as a catalyst were added and reacted by heating and stirring at 40 ° C. for 6 hours. After cooling, the mixture was cooled in a 20 ° C. water bath, and the solid catalyst was filtered off. Using a rotary evaporator, the solvent and unreacted raw materials are recovered, 500 g of the reaction solution is put into a 1 L autoclave, 50 g of nickel catalyst for hydrogenation is put in, and after sealing, the hydrogen pressure is 50 kg / cm ² (G) at 120 ° C. for 4 hours. Hydrogenation was performed, the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, and the catalyst was filtered off.

  When the obtained product was analyzed by gel filtration chromatography, a dimer component (base oil 4) was produced. All reaction solutions were distilled under reduced pressure to collect only the dimer component.

(Synthesis of base oil 5)
A 10 L glass reaction vessel was charged with 1 kg of camphene, 200 mL of cyclohexane, 100 mL of 1,2-diethoxyethane, and 100 g of cation exchange resin as a catalyst, and reacted by heating and stirring at 50 ° C. for 6 hours. Then, it cooled in the 20 degreeC water bath, and the solid catalyst was separated by filtration. Using a rotary evaporator, the solvent and unreacted raw materials are recovered, 500 g of the reaction solution is put into a 1 L autoclave, 50 g of nickel catalyst for hydrogenation is put in, and after sealing, the hydrogen pressure is 50 kg / cm ² (G) at 110 ° C. for 4 hours. Hydrogenation was performed, the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, and the catalyst was filtered off.

  When the obtained product was analyzed by gel filtration chromatography, a dimer component (base oil 5) was produced. All reaction solutions were distilled under reduced pressure to collect only the dimer component.

(Synthesis of base oil 6)
A 10 L glass reaction vessel was charged with 1 kg of terpinolene, 200 mL of cyclohexane, 100 mL of 1,2-diethoxyethane, and 100 g of a cation exchange resin as a catalyst, and reacted by heating and stirring at 60 ° C. for 6 hours. Then, it cooled in the 20 degreeC water bath, and the solid catalyst was separated by filtration. Using a rotary evaporator, the solvent and unreacted raw materials are recovered, 500 g of the reaction solution is put into a 1 L autoclave, 50 g of nickel catalyst for hydrogenation is put in, and after sealing, the hydrogen pressure is 50 kg / cm ² (G) at 120 ° C. for 4 hours. Hydrogenation was performed, the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, and the catalyst was filtered off.

  When the obtained product was analyzed by gel filtration chromatography, a dimer component (base oil 6) was produced. All reaction solutions were distilled under reduced pressure to collect only the dimer component.

(Synthesis of base oils 7 to 9)
In a 10 L glass reaction vessel, 1 kg of dipentene (isomer mixture of p-mentadienes), 100 ml of 1,2-diethoxyethane, and 100 g of cation exchange resin as a catalyst were heated at 60 ° C. for 6 hours. After stirring and reacting, the mixture was cooled in a 20 ° C. water bath, and the solid catalyst was filtered off. Using a rotary evaporator, the solvent and unreacted raw materials are recovered, 500 g of the reaction solution is put into a 1 L autoclave, 50 g of nickel catalyst for hydrogenation is put in, and after sealing, the hydrogen pressure is 50 kg / cm ² (G) at 160 ° C. for 4 hours. Hydrogenation was performed, the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, and the catalyst was filtered off.

  When the obtained product was analyzed by gel filtration chromatography, the dimer component (base oil 7) was 66.3%, the trimer component (base oil 8) was 21.3%, the tetramer component (base oil). Oil 9) was produced 12.4%. The entire reaction solution was distilled under reduced pressure to separate each component.

(Synthesis of base oil 10)
In a 10 L glass reaction vessel, 1 kg of turpentine oil (90% α-pinene, 5% β-pinene, 5% others), 200 mL cyclohexane, 100 mL 1,2-diethoxyethane, and 100 g cation exchange resin as a catalyst. The mixture was heated at 40 ° C. for 6 hours and stirred to react, then cooled in a 20 ° C. water bath, and the solid catalyst was filtered off. Using a rotary evaporator, the solvent and unreacted raw materials are recovered, 500 g of the reaction solution is put into a 1 L autoclave, 50 g of nickel catalyst for hydrogenation is put in, and after sealing, the hydrogen pressure is 50 kg / cm ² (G) at 120 ° C. for 4 hours. Hydrogenation was performed, the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature, and the catalyst was filtered off.

  When the obtained product was analyzed by gel filtration chromatography, a dimer component (base oil 10) was produced. All reaction solutions were distilled under reduced pressure to collect only the dimer component.

(Examples 1-3 and Examples 6-12)
For base oils 1 to 10, rope oil to which solid polyisobutylene (weight average molecular weight 9,000) was added as a thickener was prepared, kinematic viscosity (40 ° C.) was measured for the adjusted rope oil, and ISO viscosity grade Evaluated. Moreover, the traction coefficient (30 degreeC) of rope oil was measured. Table 1 shows the composition and characteristics of the rope oil. In the composition of Table 1, “%” means “% by mass”. The same applies to Table 3 described later. All of Examples 1 to 3 and Examples 6 to 12 exhibited excellent traction coefficients (more than twice that of Comparative Example 2 (red rope grease) described later), and exhibited excellent performance as rope oil.

(Example 13)
For Example 13, a rope oil was prepared using base oil 1 and styrene elastomer (styrene-ethylene copolymer, styrene copolymer ratio: about 70%, weight average molecular weight: 80,000) as a thickener. Table 1 shows the composition of the rope oil and the evaluation results of the characteristics. As shown in Table 1, high traction characteristics were maintained even when thickeners having different molecular structures were used.

(Examples 4 and 5)
Although Examples 4 and 5 did not use a thickener, they had a viscosity and a traction coefficient comparable to those of the rope oils of other examples. Since Examples 4 and 5 contain a large amount (40% or more) of the base oil 3 that is a tetramer component, this tetramer component plays the role of a thickener and is comparable to the rope oil of the other examples. This is considered to indicate the viscosity.

(Comparative Example 1)
Polyisobutene (polyisobutylene) oil (weight average molecular weight 700) was prepared for the purpose of comparison with the rope oil used in the examples.

  About the rope oil of the said Example 1, the base oil 1, and the polyisobutene oil of the comparative example 1, the kinematic viscosity (40 degreeC and 100 degreeC) of rope oil was measured, and the viscosity index and the ISO viscosity grade were evaluated. Further, the traction coefficient (30 ° C.) and the wear amount of the rope oil were measured. Table 2 shows the evaluation results.

  Here, the rope oil of Example 1 and the polyisobutene oil of Comparative Example 1 are both VG100 in the ISO viscosity grade (ISO 3448), and the traction coefficient was high for all the oils. From the test results, the base oil 1 was stopped due to seizure as compared with Example 1, and in Comparative Example 1, abrasion more than doubled occurred. Although the base oil 1 is the base oil of the rope oil of Example 1, since the viscosity of the oil alone is low, the sticking property to the interface of the test piece is low, and it is estimated that seizure occurs due to the oil film breakage. This shows that it is essential to increase the viscosity of the rope oil in order to maintain the oil film stably and firmly against the surface pressure. On the other hand, although the polyisobutene oil of Comparative Example 1 had viscosity, the amount of wear increased. Although polyisobutene oil shows stickiness to the interface, the molecular structure of polyisobutene is linear, and the oil film is considered to be thinner than Example 1. For this reason, it is considered that the oil film was easily cut under the condition of high surface pressure, and the amount of wear increased.

  From the above results, it was proved that the rope oil using the base oil shown in the examples achieves both high traction and high wear resistance.

(Examples 14 to 22 and Comparative Example 2)
Based on the formulation of the rope oil shown in Examples 1, 5, and 6-8, a thickener (wax) was added to prepare a grease. Table 3 shows the evaluation results of grease composition and properties. For paraffin wax (melting point 69 ° C) with paraffin skeleton as main skeleton, synthetic hydrocarbon wax (melting point 102 ° C), microwax (mainly melting point 88 ° C) with branched hydrocarbon and saturated cyclic hydrocarbon as main skeleton, together with rope oil A predetermined amount was mixed to prepare. In any case, even when a thickener was added, the traction coefficient did not decrease, and a high traction grease could be obtained. Among these, Examples 15 to 15 and 17 to 22 to which microwax was added were greased by adding a smaller amount than the synthetic hydrocarbon wax having a high melting point. Microwax is more dispersible in the rope oil of the present invention than other waxes containing a large amount of paraffin structure, and it is easy to form a network structure with a thickener. As a result, the retention of the base oil by the thickener is high. I think.

  Further, as a comparative example 2, a red rope grease, which is a general grease for elevator ropes, was used. The greases shown in Examples 14 to 22 had a higher traction coefficient than the grease of Comparative Example 2 and were excellent in traction characteristics.

  Moreover, about the rope which distribute | arranged the rope oil or grease shown to the said Example, it can use for the elevator shown in FIG. One end of the rope is fixed to the top of the hoistway. The rope is in the following order: the suspension pulley of the car, the pulley fixed to the top, the sheave connected to the hoist, the pulley fixed to the top, and the suspension pulley connected to the counterweight. It has a structure in which the other end is fixed at the top of the hoistway. This is a traction type elevator having a mechanism in which a rope is driven through a sheave by rotation of a hoist and a counterweight and a car are driven. Since the elevator rope according to the present invention exhibits a performance that achieves both high traction characteristics and high wear resistance, the elevator rope has particularly excellent performance with respect to a decrease in traction due to thinning of the rope and a decrease in rope life due to wear. Demonstrate.

  Furthermore, by adding additives in a range that does not affect the traction coefficient of rope oil and grease, functions such as rust prevention, oxidation prevention, and wear suppression can be added, and the equipment can be downsized and maintenance can be saved. It is possible to satisfy the required performance.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it has been demonstrated that an elevator rope oil and an elevator rope grease capable of obtaining an elevator rope having both high traction characteristics and high wear resistance can be provided. Further, it is shown that by using the elevator rope oil or the elevator rope grease according to the present invention, an elevator rope having both high traction characteristics and high wear resistance, and a traction type elevator using the same can be provided. It was.

  Note that the above-described embodiments have been specifically described in order to help understanding of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to having all the configurations described. For example, a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment, and the configuration of another embodiment can be added to the configuration of one embodiment. Further, a part of the configuration of each embodiment can be deleted, replaced with another configuration, or added with another configuration.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Ride car, 2 ... Counterweight (balance weight), 3 ... Sheave connected to hoisting machine, 4 ... Rope, 5a ... Suspension pulley for suspending the car, 5b ... Suspension pulley for suspending counterweight, 6 ... pulley fixed on top, 7 ... hoistway, 8 ... core rope, 9 ... strand, 10a, 10b, 10c ... steel wire, 11 ... grease (surface of strand 9).

Claims (13)

Two of the dimer or more hydrogenated product of cyclic monoterpenes and dimers or cyclic monoterpenes hydrogenated product of derivatives saw including a base oil containing at least one kinematic viscosity of 40 ° C. is 40 mm ² / Elevator rope oil characterized by being s or more . The hydrogenated product of the cyclic monoterpenes of the dimer or higher is obtained by a hydrogenation reaction of the cyclic monoterpenes of the dimer or higher,
2. The elevator rope according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogenated product of the dimer or higher cyclic monoterpene derivative is obtained by a hydrogenation reaction of the dimer or higher cyclic monoterpene derivative. oil.   The elevator rope oil according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cyclic monoterpenes are at least one of pinene, limonene, camphene, terpinolene, dipentene and turpentine oil.   The elevator rope oil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a thickener having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 or more and 100,000 or less. The thickener includes at least one of a linear hydrocarbon, a branched hydrocarbon, a saturated cyclic hydrocarbon, and an aromatic hydrocarbon, and includes 5 to 60% by mass of the thickener. Item 5. The elevator rope oil according to Item 4 .   An elevator rope grease comprising the elevator rope oil according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and a thickener.   The elevator rope grease according to claim 6, wherein the thickener is made of microwax.   The elevator rope grease according to claim 6, wherein the thickener is made of mineral oil-based hydrocarbon wax or synthetic hydrocarbon wax.   The grease for elevator ropes according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the thickener is contained in an amount of 5 to 25% by mass.   10. The elevator rope grease according to claim 6, wherein the elevator rope grease has a penetration degree of 200 to 475 and a dropping point of 30 ° C. or more and 110 ° C. or less. Including a strand formed by combining a plurality of steel wires, and a cord
In the elevator rope in which a plurality of the strands are combined around the heart rope around the heart rope,
The elevator rope oil according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the elevator rope grease according to any one of claims 6 to 10 is applied to or impregnated in the strand. A characteristic elevator rope.   The elevator rope according to claim 11, wherein the core rope is impregnated with the elevator rope oil, and the strand is coated with or impregnated with the elevator rope grease. A rope, a hoist that winds up the rope, a counterweight connected to the rope, and a riding car connected to the rope and driven by being wound up,
The said rope is an elevator rope of Claim 11 or 12, The traction type elevator characterized by the above-mentioned.

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