JP2015057507A - 希土類元素の分離方法 - Google Patents
希土類元素の分離方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015057507A JP2015057507A JP2014053215A JP2014053215A JP2015057507A JP 2015057507 A JP2015057507 A JP 2015057507A JP 2014053215 A JP2014053215 A JP 2014053215A JP 2014053215 A JP2014053215 A JP 2014053215A JP 2015057507 A JP2015057507 A JP 2015057507A
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012857 radioactive material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 phosphate ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CNDWHJQEGZZDTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-amino-2-oxoethoxy)acetamide Chemical compound NC(=O)COCC(N)=O CNDWHJQEGZZDTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- WBZVQGYKIVWFGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-amino-2-oxoethoxy)acetic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)COCC(O)=O WBZVQGYKIVWFGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- JJJOZVFVARQUJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CP(O)(O)=O JJJOZVFVARQUJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UQIQULSDOBQFCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid Chemical compound C(C)C(CP(O)(O)=O)CCCC.C(C)C(CP(O)(O)=O)CCCC UQIQULSDOBQFCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282376 Panthera tigris Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IKNAJTLCCWPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);lanthanum(3+);neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-);phosphate Chemical compound [O-2].[La+3].[Ce+3].[Nd+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O IKNAJTLCCWPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052590 monazite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBWSWBQVYDBVGA-NAHFVJFTSA-N uranium-234;uranium-235;uranium-238 Chemical compound [234U].[235U].[238U] VBWSWBQVYDBVGA-NAHFVJFTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
【解決手段】複数種の希土類元素と放射性物質とを含む元液から、溶媒抽出法によって上記希土類元素を互いに分離する方法であって、酸性リン酸エステル系、カルボン酸系またはジグリコールアミド酸系の抽出剤を含む有機溶媒を用いて、上記複数種の希土類元素の分離と併行して、上記放射性物質を上記有機溶媒に同伴させて上記希土類元素から分離・除去する。
【選択図】図1
Description
一般に、上記希土類元素は、複数種の希土類元素を含む鉱石やスラグ等の原料から、例えば溶媒抽出法等を用いて、各用途に適した希土類元素ごとに分離され、供給されている。
先ず、この希土類元素の分離方法においては、複数種の希土類元素と放射性物質とを含む元液から、溶媒抽出法によって上記希土類元素を互いに分離するために、抽出装置1および逆抽出装置5が用いられている。
先ず、複数種の希土類元素および放射性物質並びにその他不純物を含む原料として、図2に示す組成のものを用いた。そして、この原料に、上述した一般的な希土原料の処理法を実施して、希土類元素以外の上記その他不純物が除去された元液を得た。
これらの検証から、元液に含まれていた放射性物質の99%以上は逆抽出装置5から排出される有機溶媒中に留まっており、軽希土類元素および中重希土類元素の製品純度に影響を与えないことが検証された。
21〜2n ミキサーセトラ
3 有機溶媒のライン
4 無機酸の水溶液のライン
5 逆抽出装置
Claims (3)
- 複数種の希土類元素と放射性物質とを含む元液から、溶媒抽出法によって上記希土類元素を互いに分離する方法であって、
酸性リン酸エステル系、カルボン酸系またはジグリコールアミド酸系の抽出剤を含む有機溶媒を用いて、上記複数種の希土類元素の分離と併行して、上記放射性物質を上記有機溶媒に同伴させて上記希土類元素から分離・除去することを特徴とする希土類元素の分離方法。 - 直列に配置されて一端側から他端側に向けて上記抽出剤を含む有機溶媒が流され、かつ上記他端側から上記一端側に向けて無機酸の水溶液が流される複数のミキサーセトラを備えた抽出装置と、この抽出装置の上記他端部の上記ミキサーセトラから排出された上記有機溶媒に第2の無機酸の水溶液を接触させる逆抽出装置とを用い、
上記抽出装置の上記端間に位置する上記ミキサーセトラに、上記元液を上記水溶液と共に供給して上記希土類元素の一部と上記放射性物質とを上記有機溶媒側に移行させるとともに、上記一端側に位置する上記ミキサーセトラから上記水溶液とともに上記希土類元素の他部を分離し、
次いで、上記逆抽出装置において、上記他端の上記ミキサーセトラから排出された上記有機溶媒に、第2の無機酸の水溶液を接触させることにより上記希土類元素の一部を上記第2の無機酸の水溶液側に逆抽出して分離することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の希土類元素の分離方法。 - 上記抽出装置におけるpHを−0.5〜6の範囲に制御し、かつ上記逆抽出装置におけるpHを2以下に制御することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の希土類元素の分離方法。
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2018227674A1 (zh) * | 2017-06-16 | 2018-12-20 | 苏州大学 | 去除稀土矿物中放射性钍元素的方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3154500A (en) * | 1962-06-13 | 1964-10-27 | Jr George Jansen | Strontium recovery process |
JPH0734151A (ja) * | 1993-07-20 | 1995-02-03 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd | 希土類金属のための抽出剤及び希土類金属の分離、精製方法 |
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- 2014-03-17 JP JP2014053215A patent/JP6256875B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3154500A (en) * | 1962-06-13 | 1964-10-27 | Jr George Jansen | Strontium recovery process |
JPH0734151A (ja) * | 1993-07-20 | 1995-02-03 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd | 希土類金属のための抽出剤及び希土類金属の分離、精製方法 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018227674A1 (zh) * | 2017-06-16 | 2018-12-20 | 苏州大学 | 去除稀土矿物中放射性钍元素的方法 |
US10711324B2 (en) | 2017-06-16 | 2020-07-14 | Soochow University | Method for removing radioactive element thorium in rare earth mineral |
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