JP2015039719A - Aluminum alloy component manufacturing method and aluminum alloy plate press molding device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manufacturing method capable of obtaining an aluminum alloy component having a strength similar to that of an original plate while using an age-hardened aluminum alloy plate as the original plate.SOLUTION: An aluminum alloy component manufacturing method includes: a heating step; a pressing step; and a cooling step. In the heating step, an age-hardened aluminum alloy plate W is heated. The heated aluminum alloy plate W is press-molded before age deposits are substantially transformed to solid solution. In the cooling step, the press-molded aluminum alloy plate W is cooled.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an aluminum alloy part by press forming, and an aluminum alloy sheet press forming apparatus suitably used for the manufacturing method.

  Conventionally, an aluminum alloy part is manufactured by press forming an aluminum alloy plate. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method of manufacturing a hat-shaped component having a diameter smaller than that of an original plate by subjecting a circular aluminum alloy plate to bending drawing by press forming.

  Specifically, in the method disclosed in Patent Document 1, an aluminum alloy plate (heat treated aluminum alloy plate) that has been age-hardened is partially heated so that the aging precipitates are dissolved, and then the aluminum alloy plate is formed. On the other hand, press molding is performed. By heating the aluminum alloy plate, the workability deteriorated by the age hardening treatment can be improved.

JP 2010-227954 A

  However, when the aluminum alloy plate is heated so that the aging precipitate is dissolved, the strength of the aluminum alloy plate is lowered. The age hardening treatment is for imparting high strength to the aluminum alloy plate, so when using the age alloyed aluminum alloy plate as the original plate, manufacture the aluminum alloy parts while maintaining the strength of the aluminum alloy plate. It is desirable to do.

  Accordingly, the present invention provides a manufacturing method capable of obtaining an aluminum alloy part having the same strength as the original plate while using an age-hardened aluminum alloy plate as the original plate, and an aluminum alloy plate suitably used for this manufacturing method. An object of the present invention is to provide a press molding apparatus.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the method of manufacturing an aluminum alloy part of the present invention includes a step of heating an age-hardened aluminum alloy plate, and a substantial amount of aging precipitates on the heated aluminum alloy plate. And a step of performing press forming before the start of solid solution and a step of cooling the aluminum alloy plate after the press forming.

  Here, “substantially solid solution of an aging precipitate” means that the aging precipitate is dissolved in 10% or more.

  According to said structure, the substantial solid solution of an aging precipitate is prevented before and after press molding. Thereby, an aluminum alloy part can be manufactured while maintaining the strength of the aluminum alloy plate.

  For example, the press forming may be performed by bending the aluminum alloy plate.

  For example, the aluminum alloy plate may contain 0.1 to 4.0% Li in mass%.

  The aluminum alloy plate may be heated by energization heating or induction heating. According to this configuration, the aluminum alloy plate can be rapidly heated.

  For example, the aluminum alloy plate may be heated at a temperature increase rate of 50 to 150 ° C./sec.

  Further, an aluminum alloy plate press molding apparatus according to the present invention includes a die having a mounting surface on which an aluminum alloy plate is placed, a punch that presses the aluminum alloy plate and can be advanced and retracted with respect to the die, A heater for heating the aluminum alloy plate; and a moving mechanism for moving the heater between a heating position between the punch and the die and a retracted position that does not overlap the punch. And

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the aluminum alloy component which has the intensity | strength equivalent to an original plate can be obtained, using the age-hardened aluminum alloy plate as an original plate.

(A) is a top view of the press molding apparatus of the aluminum alloy plate which concerns on one specific example, (b) is a side view of the press molding apparatus. (A) And (b) is a figure which shows operation | movement of the press molding apparatus shown to Fig.1 (a) and (b). (A) is a top view of the press molding apparatus of a modification, (b) is a side view of the press molding apparatus. (A) is a top view of the press molding apparatus of another modification, (b) is a side view of the press molding apparatus. It is a side view of the press molding apparatus of another modification. (A) And (b) is the side view and rear view of the heater for local heating, respectively. (A) And (b) is the side view and rear view of the heater for whole heating, respectively.

<Manufacturing method>
The method for producing an aluminum alloy part according to the present invention is to produce an aluminum alloy part using an age alloy-treated aluminum alloy plate as an original plate, and includes a heating step, a pressing step, and a cooling step. Below, the aluminum alloy plate used as an original plate will be described first, and then each step will be described in detail.

(Aluminum alloy plate)
Examples of the aluminum alloy plate subjected to age hardening include heat treatment type aluminum alloy plates of 2000 series (Al-Cu series), 6000 series (Al-Mg-Si series) and 7000 series (Al-Zn-Mg series). An 8000 series aluminum alloy plate containing Li is also age hardened. Some 2000 series aluminum alloy plates contain Li.

  According to Japanese Industrial Standard JIS H0001, there are generally 10 types of age hardening treatments from T1 to T10 in the heat treatment category of aluminum alloys. Especially, what performs the artificial age hardening process which hold | maintains an aluminum alloy plate for a fixed time with the predetermined aging temperature (for example, 100-220 degreeC) higher than room temperature is T5-T10. The “certain time” for performing the artificial age hardening treatment may be about several tens of minutes (for example, 30 to 90 minutes), or about several hours or several tens of hours (for example, 3 to 36 hours). Good. In the production method of the present invention, the aluminum alloy plate used as the original plate may be subjected to natural age hardening (T1 to T4) or artificial age hardening (T5 to T10). Also good.

  The 2000 series aluminum alloy plate is used as a base component in mass% (hereinafter the same), Cu: 1.0 to 6.0%, Fe: 0.01 to 1.5%, Si: 0.01 to 1. 3% is contained, with the balance being Al and inevitable impurities. Further, the 2000 series aluminum alloy plate has Li: 0.1-4.0%, Mn: 0.01-1.2%, Mg: 0.01-1 as additional components added as necessary. 0.8%, Cr: 0.01 to 0.1%, Zn: 0.01 to 0.25%, Ti: 0.01 to 0.5% may be contained. The Li content is preferably 0.5 to 3.0%.

  The 6000 series aluminum alloy plate contains Mg: 0.35 to 1.2%, Si: 0.30 to 1.3%, Fe: 0.01 to 1.0% as the base components, and the balance is It consists of Al and inevitable impurities. Further, the 6000 series aluminum alloy plate has Cu: 0.1 to 0.40, Mn: 0.01 to 1.0%, Cr: 0.01 to 0.00 as additional components added as necessary. You may contain at least 1 sort (s) of 35%, Zn: 0.01-0.25%, Ti: 0.01-0.15%.

  The 7000 series aluminum alloy plate contains Zn: 0.8 to 8.4%, Mg: 0.01 to 3.1%, Fe: 0.01 to 0.50% as a base component, and the balance is It consists of Al and inevitable impurities. Further, the 7000 series aluminum alloy plate has Si: 0.01-0.40%, Cu: 0.01-2.6%, Mn: 0.01-0 as additional components added as necessary. 0.7%, Cr: 0.01 to 0.35%, Ti: 0.01 to 0.06% may be included.

  The 8000 series aluminum alloy plate containing Li has Li: 2.2 to 2.8%, Cu: 1.0 to 2.2%, Mg: 0.50 to 1.3%, Zr as base components. : 0.04 to 0.16% is contained, and the balance consists of Al and inevitable impurities. Further, the 8000 series aluminum alloy plate containing Li may contain Fe: 0.01 to 0.3% and Si: 0.01 to 0.2 as additional components added as necessary. Good.

The artificial age-hardening-treated aluminum alloy plate contains aging precipitates. In a 2000 series aluminum alloy plate not containing Li, a typical aging precipitate is AlCu ₂ , and in a 6000 series aluminum alloy plate, a typical aging precipitate is Mg ₂ Si, and a 7000 series aluminum alloy. In the plate, a typical aging precipitate is MgZn ₂ .

In a 2000 series aluminum alloy plate containing Li, a typical aging precipitate is Al ₂ CuLi, and in a 8000 series aluminum alloy plate containing Li, a typical aging precipitate is Al ₃ Li. Thus, in the aluminum alloy plate containing Li, Li is contained in the aging precipitate.

  As for the aluminum alloy plate containing Li, A2090, A2091, A8090, A8091, etc. were developed as the second generation in the 1980s, and A2196, A2098, A2099, etc. were developed as the third generation in the 2000s. Furthermore, in recent years, A2060 has been developed as the fourth generation. The composition of A2060 is Cu: 3.4 to 4.5%, Mn: 0.10 to 0.50%, Mg: 0.6 to 1.1%, Zn: 0.30 to 0.50%, Zr : 0.05 to 0.15%, Li: 0.6 to 0.9%, Ag: 0.05 to 0.50, balance: Al and inevitable impurities.

(Heating process)
In the first step performed in the production method of the present invention, the age-hardened aluminum alloy plate is heated to a predetermined forming temperature. When an aluminum alloy plate that has been subjected to artificial age hardening treatment is used as an original plate, the molding temperature is preferably equal to or lower than the age temperature at which artificial age hardening treatment has been performed, from the viewpoint of preventing solid solution of the age precipitation, When the time from the heating process to the cooling process is relatively short, it may be an aging temperature or higher. The lower limit of the forming temperature may be such that the aluminum alloy plate is deformed without being damaged in press forming to be described later, in other words, the aluminum alloy plate has a stretchable ratio according to desired press forming.

  For example, when a 7000 series aluminum alloy plate is used, the forming temperature may be about 160 ° C. ± 20 ° C., and when an aluminum alloy plate containing Li is used, the forming temperature is about 200 ° C. ± 20 ° C. It is good.

  The method for heating the aluminum alloy plate is not particularly limited. For example, the aluminum alloy plate may be heated using a burner or a laser. However, from the viewpoint that the aluminum alloy plate can be rapidly heated and the temperature can be easily controlled, it is desirable to heat the aluminum alloy plate by energization heating or induction heating. The rate of temperature increase when rapidly heating the aluminum alloy plate is, for example, 50 to 150 ° C./sec. By rapidly heating the aluminum alloy plate, the time for the heating step can be shortened, and solid solution of aging precipitates can be effectively suppressed.

  When heating an aluminum alloy plate by electric heating or induction heating, measure the surface temperature of the aluminum alloy plate with a non-contact thermometer, and control the output to the heater that performs electric heating or induction heating based on the measured value do it. In this case, a black paint may be applied to the surface of the aluminum alloy plate by spraying or the like.

  In addition, it is desirable that the time required from the completion of heating of the aluminum alloy plate to press forming to be described later is within several seconds. From such a point of view, it is desirable that the heater for conducting current heating or induction heating is incorporated in a press molding apparatus that performs press molding.

(Pressing process)
In this step, press forming is performed on the heated aluminum alloy plate before substantial solid solution of the aging precipitates starts. In press forming, the aluminum alloy plate may be subjected to drawing processing, may be subjected to bending processing, or may be subjected to bending drawing processing.

  For example, when producing a shear tie bent at 90 degrees, which is interposed between an aircraft fuselage skin and a frame, as an aluminum alloy part, the aluminum alloy plate is bent by press forming.

  A press forming apparatus that performs press forming usually includes a die on which an aluminum alloy plate is placed, and a punch that can move forward and backward with respect to the die. In order to suppress heat dissipation from the heated aluminum alloy plate to the die, the die may be preheated, or a heat insulating structure (for example, a heat insulating sheet) may be provided between the aluminum alloy plate and the die. .

(Cooling process)
In this step, the aluminum alloy plate after press forming is cooled. The method for cooling the aluminum alloy plate is not particularly limited. For example, when the forming temperature is low, or when it is assumed that the solid solution of the aging precipitate does not start even if the aluminum alloy plate after press forming is left as it is, the aluminum alloy plate may be cooled by natural cooling. .

  Further, a cooling mechanism such as a blower or internal cooling water circulation may be provided in the punch of the press forming apparatus, and the aluminum alloy plate may be forcibly cooled after press forming. Alternatively, it is also possible to forcibly cool the aluminum alloy plate after press forming by transferring it to a low temperature environment.

  In the above steps, substantial solid solution of aging precipitates is prevented before and after press molding. Thereby, an aluminum alloy part can be manufactured while maintaining the strength of the aluminum alloy plate. That is, while using an age-hardened aluminum alloy plate as an original plate, an aluminum alloy part having the same strength as the original plate can be obtained. Furthermore, since substantial dissolution of the aging precipitate is prevented, the corrosion resistance is not impaired.

<Press molding equipment>
Next, referring to FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b) and FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), an aluminum alloy sheet press forming apparatus 1 suitably used in the method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy part of the present invention is shown. Show. This press forming apparatus 1 performs press forming for bending an aluminum alloy plate W.

  Specifically, the press forming apparatus 1 includes a die 2 having a horizontal placement surface on which the aluminum alloy plate W is placed, and aluminum that can move forward and backward with respect to the die 2 (that is, can be moved up and down). A punch 3 for pressing the alloy plate W is provided. Further, the press molding apparatus 1 includes a heater 4 for heating the aluminum alloy plate W by induction heating, a heating position between the punch 3 and the die 2 and a retreat position where the punch 3 does not overlap the punch 3. The moving mechanism 5 to be moved is provided.

  The die 2 includes a fixed portion 21 fixed to a support member (for example, a frame) (not shown) and a movable portion 22 slidable in the vertical direction with respect to the fixed portion 21. The upper surface of the fixed portion 21 and the upper surface of the movable portion 22 are positioned at the same height and constitute the mounting surface of the die 2. When the punch 3 is lowered, the movable portion 22 of the die 2 is pushed from above the aluminum alloy plate W by the punch 3 as shown in FIG. Thereby, the aluminum alloy plate W is bent into an L shape. When the punch 3 rises, the upper surface of the movable portion 22 moves again to the upper surface of the fixed portion 21, and the aluminum alloy plate W bent in an L shape is lifted onto the mounting surface of the die 2.

  In the present embodiment, the heater 4 is configured to locally heat a portion of the aluminum alloy plate W to be bent. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), the heater 4 includes a conductive wire 41 through which a current flows, and a portion of the conductive wire 41 that extends linearly along the aluminum alloy plate W. The core 42 covered from the opposite side to the board W is included.

  However, the heater 4 may be configured to heat the aluminum alloy plate W as a whole. For example, as shown to Fig.7 (a) and (b), the conducting wire 41 may be wound in the shape of a spiral along the aluminum alloy plate W, and may form the coil.

  In the present embodiment, the heater 4 is arranged so as to heat the aluminum alloy plate W placed on the die 2 from above. For example, when the aluminum alloy plate W is handled by a robot or the like, The heater 4 may heat the aluminum alloy plate W from below while the aluminum alloy plate W is spaced upward from the die 2.

  The press molding apparatus 1 as described above can be realized only by attaching the heater 4 and the moving mechanism 5 to a normal press molding apparatus. That is, by using the heater 4 that performs rapid heating, an aluminum alloy part can be manufactured while maintaining the production speed of a normal press forming apparatus. Thereby, an aluminum alloy part can be mass-produced.

(Modification)
The press forming apparatus 1 can be variously modified according to the aluminum alloy component manufacturing method to be executed.

  For example, in the case of drawing, a simple mold having no movable part may be used as the die 2. In this case, the press molding apparatus 1 may include a fixing jig that sandwiches the unprocessed portion of the aluminum alloy plate W with the die 2.

  Further, instead of the heater 4 that performs induction heating, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, a pair of electrodes 6 may be employed as a heater that overheats the aluminum alloy plate W by energization heating. Good. In the example shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the aluminum alloy plate W is heated so that a portion of the aluminum alloy plate W located on the boundary between the fixed portion 21 and the movable portion 22 of the die 2 is locally heated. Electrodes 6 having a length shorter than the length are disposed at both ends of the aluminum alloy plate W in the width direction. These electrodes 6 may also be moved between the heating position and the retracted position by the moving mechanism 5.

  Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the electrode 6 having a length equal to the width of the aluminum alloy plate W is arranged so that the aluminum alloy plate W is heated so that the aluminum alloy plate W is heated as a whole. You may arrange | position at the both ends of a direction. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, the pair of electrodes 6 may be embedded in the corner portion on the fixed portion 21 side and the corner portion on the fixed portion 21 side of the punch 3 in the movable portion 22 of the die 2.

  When a pair of electrodes 6 for energization heating is used, it is desirable to insert an insulating sheet between the aluminum alloy plate W and the die 2 or to form at least the mounting surface of the die 2 with an insulating material such as ceramics.

  The present invention is useful when manufacturing aluminum alloy parts having various shapes.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Press molding apparatus 2 Die 21 Fixed part 22 Movable part 3 Punch 4 Heater 6 Electrode (heater)
5 Movement mechanism

Claims (6)

Heating the age-hardened aluminum alloy plate;
For the heated aluminum alloy plate, a step of performing press forming before substantial solid solution of aging precipitates begins,
Cooling the aluminum alloy plate after the press forming;
A method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy part, comprising   The said press molding is a manufacturing method of the aluminum alloy components of Claim 1 which performs a bending process on the said aluminum alloy plate.   The said aluminum alloy plate is a manufacturing method of the aluminum alloy components of Claim 1 or 2 containing 0.1 to 4.0% of Li in the mass%.   The manufacturing method of the aluminum alloy component as described in any one of Claims 1-3 which heats the said aluminum alloy plate by electrical heating or induction heating.   The manufacturing method of the aluminum alloy components as described in any one of Claims 1-4 which heats the said aluminum alloy plate with the temperature increase rate of 50-150 degreeC / sec. A die having a mounting surface on which an aluminum alloy plate is mounted;
A punch that presses against the aluminum alloy plate and can be advanced and retracted with respect to the die;
A heater for heating the aluminum alloy plate;
A moving mechanism that moves the heater between a heating position between the punch and the die and a retreat position that does not overlap the punch;
An aluminum alloy plate press forming apparatus.

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