JP2014500425A - 自動車の排ガス中のNOx量低減システム - Google Patents
自動車の排ガス中のNOx量低減システム Download PDFInfo
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
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- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
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- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
Description
− 前記自動車が始動する場合前記弁を開き、それにより前記貯蔵チャンバ内に含まれる還元剤が、前記貯蔵チャンバと前記交換装置それぞれに存在する圧力差の効果により、前記交換装置内に気体形状で輸送され;
− 前記気体の温度が既定値に到達する際に前記弁を閉じ;
− 前記自動車の運転期間の間前記交換装置を、前記弁を通じて前記還元剤を放出することで再び前記貯蔵チャンバ内に導入する、ステップを含む。
− 続いて、排ガス再循環回路(以下「EGRパイプ」)−タービン−酸化触媒(ディーゼル酸化触媒、以下「DOC」)−粒子フィルター(ディーゼル粒子フィルタ、以下「DPF」)−NH3注入及びSCR触媒を含む構成、
− 続いて、EGRパイプ−タービン−DOC−NH3注入−SCR触媒−DPFを含む構成、
− 続いて、EGRパイプ−タービン−DOC−NH3注入−SCR触媒及び谷津基板上のDPFを含む構成である。
Claims (17)
- 自動車の排ガス中のNOx量を低減するためのシステムであり、前記システムは:
− 還元剤を含む貯蔵チャンバ;
− 前記排ガスを還元剤で処理するSCR触媒、及び
− 前記貯蔵チャンバからの前記還元剤を前記自動車の前記排ガス中に注入するように構成される注入モジュールを含み、
前記システムがまた:
− 前記貯蔵チャンバへ接続され、かつ前記貯蔵チャンバからの前記還元剤を吸着するための多孔性マトリクスを含む少なくとも1つの熱交換装置;
− 前記貯蔵チャンバの下流及び前記交換装置の上流であり、及び前記交換装置内への還元剤の添加を制御するように構成される、シャッタ又はインジェクタ;及び
− 前記貯蔵チャンバと前記交換装置との間に設けられる弁;を含むことを特徴とし、及び
− 前記交換装置が、前記自動車の始動に続く第1の所謂始動期間の間、前記SCR触媒の上流に前記自動車の排ガスへ熱エネルギーを伝達するように構成され;
− 前記シャッタ又はインジェクタが、前記始動期間の間前記交換装置内に還元剤の流速を制御し、それにより前記交換装置に前記多孔性マトリクスによる前記還元剤の吸着が前記交換装置の温度を上昇させ;
− 前記シャッタ又はインジェクタは、前記排ガスがある温度に到達すると直ぐに、前記自動車が機能する間の所謂運転温度期間の間閉じられ;及び
− 前記弁は、最初、前記運転温度期間の間前記交換装置内の圧力を制御するように構成され、及び
次に、前記交換装填内の圧力が前記貯蔵チャンバ内の圧力を超える場合に、前記交換装置内に含まれる前記還元剤を前記貯蔵チャンバへ移送する、システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであり、前記シャッタ又はインジェクタが、前記自動車の前記運転温度期間の開始直後から前記次の始動期間の始めまで閉じるように構成されることを特徴とする、システム。
- 請求項1又は2のいずれか一項に記載のシステムであり、前記システムがまた前記自動車の放出NOx濃度、エンジン潤滑油温度、エンジン冷却液温度、速度、エンジン速度及びエンジン負荷から選択される1以上の値により、前記貯蔵チャンバを加熱するように構成される、加熱部を含むことを特徴とする、システム。
- 請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載のシステムであり、前記還元剤がアンモニアであることを特徴とする、システム。
- 請求項4に記載のシステムであり、前記貯蔵チャンバが、加圧アンモニアを含み、前記交換装置の前記多孔性マトリクスが、塩化バリウム、塩化ストロンチウム、塩化マグネシウム、塩化カルシウム及び塩化ニッケルなどの金属塩から選択される塩であることを特徴とする、システム。
- 請求項4に記載のシステムであり、前記貯蔵チャンバ及び前記交換装置がそれぞれ第1及び第2の塩を含み、前記塩が、前記第1の塩のアンモニア脱着エンタルピーが前記第2の塩のアンモニア脱着エンタルピーよりも小さいように選択される金属塩化物であることを特徴とする、システム。
- 請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載のシステムであり、前記交換装置が、前記還元剤を注入するためのモジュールの下流で前記SCR触媒の上流の前記排ガス中に設けられることを特徴とする、システム。
- 請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載のシステムであり、さらに1以上の追加の浄化装置を含み、これは酸化触媒、3方向触媒及び粒子フィルタから選択され、前記浄化装置は前記還元剤注入のための前記モジュールから上流に設けられ、一方前記SCR触媒は前記注入モジュールの下流に設けられることを特徴とし、かつ前記交換装置が前記浄化装置の上流に設けられることを特徴とする、システム。
- 請求項8に記載のシステムであり、前記交換装置の多孔性マトリクスが、前記SCR触媒の上流及び/又は前記浄化装置の上流の前記排ガスパイプ周りのチューブ内に配置されていることを特徴とする、システム。
- 請求項8又は9のいずれか一項に記載のシステムであり、前記交換装置に多孔性マトリクスが、前記SCR触媒及び/又は前記追加の浄化装置の周りに配置されることを特徴とする、システム。
- 請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載のシステムであり、また、排ガスを再循環させるためのパイプ(以下「EGR」)、前記EGRパイプ周りに設けられるチューブを含み、前記チューブと前記EGRパイプ間の直径の差が、前記交換装置の多孔性マトリクスが前記EGRガスを、前記EGRパイプ内の再循環ガス温度が臨界閾値を超える際に、前記還元剤を前記貯蔵チャンバから前記交換装置へ移送することで冷却することができるように、設けられることを特徴とする、システム。
- 請求項1乃至11のいずれか一項に記載のシステムを含む自動車であり、前記自動車がターボ圧縮装置を備え、前記タービンが前記交換装置の下流に設けられることを特徴とする、自動車。
- 請求項1乃至11のいずれか一項に記載のシステムを実施する方法であり、前記方法は次のステップ:
− 前記自動車が始動され、前記貯蔵チャンバに含まれる還元剤がガス状で前記交換装置へ、前記貯蔵チャンバと前期交換装置に存在するそれぞれの圧力の差による効果の下で、移送される場合に、前記シャッタ又はインジェクタは開けられ;
− 前記ガスの温度が既定に値に到達する場合に前記シャッタ又はインジェクタは閉じられ;
− 前記自動車の運転温度の間、前記交換装置は、前記弁を通じて前記還元剤を放出させ、それにより再び還元剤を前記貯蔵チャンバ内に導入するステップを含む、方法。 - 請求項13に記載の方法であり、前記自動車の始動の時点で、前記交換装置が完全に排出され、還元剤が含まれていない、方法。
- 請求項13又は14のいずれか一項に記載の方法であり、前記シャッタ又はインジェクタを開くことが、コンピュータにより、前記放出NOx濃度、前記エンジン潤滑油温度、前記エンジン冷却液温度、前記触媒チャンネル又はフィルタ内部のガス流内の温度、自動車速度及びエンジン速度から選択される1以上のパラメータ値により制御される、方法。
- 請求項8乃至10のいずれか一項に記載の方法であり、前記シャッタ又はインジェクタが、前記自動車が始動される際に開かれ、前記貯蔵チャンバ内に含まれる前記還元剤がガス状で、前記酸化触媒の上流に設けられる前記交換装置内に移送され、それにより前記酸化触媒によるNO2生成を促進して前記SCR触媒の活性化を改善する、方法。
- 請求項12に記載にシステムの実施のための方法であり、前記シャッタ又はインジェクタは、前記自動車が始動される際に開かれ、前記貯蔵チャンバに含まれる前記還元剤がガス状で前記交換装置内に移送され、それにより前記タービンの駆動を加速し、かつ前記シャッタ又はインジェクタは、前記タービンの上流温度が前記タービンの通常の運転温度範囲を超える場合に、閉じられる、方法。
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PCT/IB2011/002522 WO2012056286A1 (fr) | 2010-10-25 | 2011-10-20 | Systeme destine a reduire la quantitie de nox dans les gaz d'echappement d'un vehicle a motor |
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JP6027973B2 (ja) | 2016-11-16 |
EP2444614A1 (fr) | 2012-04-25 |
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CN103228884B (zh) | 2015-08-12 |
US20130287656A1 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
CN103228884A (zh) | 2013-07-31 |
KR20140045909A (ko) | 2014-04-17 |
EP2444614B1 (fr) | 2013-08-14 |
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