JP2014128753A - Method for processing wastewater - Google Patents
Method for processing wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014128753A JP2014128753A JP2012286896A JP2012286896A JP2014128753A JP 2014128753 A JP2014128753 A JP 2014128753A JP 2012286896 A JP2012286896 A JP 2012286896A JP 2012286896 A JP2012286896 A JP 2012286896A JP 2014128753 A JP2014128753 A JP 2014128753A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 179
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 42
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 iron ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical group [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 44
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 30
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 27
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 159000000014 iron salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000358 iron sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- LVDKZNITIUWNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bronopol Chemical compound OCC(Br)(CO)[N+]([O-])=O LVDKZNITIUWNER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021577 Iron(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DMSMPAJRVJJAGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[d]isothiazol-3-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NSC2=C1 DMSMPAJRVJJAGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007973 cyanuric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BEGLCMHJXHIJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylisothiazolinone Chemical compound CN1SC=CC1=O BEGLCMHJXHIJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- GWKKVWOEQGDUSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine;sodium Chemical compound [Na].C1=CC=NC=C1 GWKKVWOEQGDUSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiabendazole Chemical compound S1C=NC(C=2NC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)=C1 WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/127—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering by centrifugation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/143—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/101—Sulfur compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/02—Odour removal or prevention of malodour
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/24—Separation of coarse particles, e.g. by using sieves or screens
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
Description
この発明は、汚水の処理方法に係り、特に、下水処理場等の汚水処理の過程で排出される汚泥(脱水ケーキを含む)から発生する悪臭物質である硫化水素及びメチルメルカプタンの臭気を効果的に抑制できる汚泥の臭気抑制方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for treating sewage, and in particular, effectively treats odors of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan, which are malodorous substances generated from sludge (including dehydrated cake) discharged in the process of sewage treatment at a sewage treatment plant or the like. The present invention relates to a sludge odor control method that can be easily controlled.
下水処理場等における汚水処理には、汚水から汚れとなる物質を分離・除去して最終的に清浄な水を得る水処理工程と、残った残渣から生じる汚泥を処理する汚泥処理工程がある。 The sewage treatment in a sewage treatment plant or the like includes a water treatment process for separating and removing substances that become dirty from the sewage to finally obtain clean water, and a sludge treatment process for treating sludge generated from the remaining residue.
上記汚泥処理工程では、汚泥が腐敗する等して悪臭物質である硫化水素とメチルメルカプタン等の硫黄化合物、アンモニア、トリメチルアミン等の窒素化合物、低級脂肪酸類等が発生してくる。これらの悪臭物質の中で発生量の特に多いのが、硫黄化合物である硫化水素とメチルメルカプタンであり、汚泥処理系設備周辺での作業環境の悪化、付近住民の苦情、設備機器の腐食の原因となるため、従来から、様々な臭気抑制対策が採られてきた。 In the sludge treatment process, sludge is spoiled and so on, and thus malodorous substances such as hydrogen sulfide and sulfur compounds such as methyl mercaptan, ammonia, nitrogen compounds such as trimethylamine, lower fatty acids and the like are generated. Among these malodorous substances, hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan, which are particularly generated in large amounts, are the cause of deterioration of the working environment around the sludge treatment system, complaints of nearby residents, and corrosion of equipment. Therefore, various odor control measures have been taken conventionally.
すなわち、従来の臭気抑制対策として、酸化剤である亜硝酸塩を用いて臭気を抑制する方法、亜鉛、銅、鉄等の金属塩を用いて臭気を抑制する方法が知られている。特に、亜硝酸塩を用いて臭気を抑制する方法が代表的であり、そのハンドリングの良さ等から広く用いられている(例えば特開2001−340895号公報参照)。 That is, as a conventional countermeasure against odor, a method for suppressing odor using nitrite which is an oxidizing agent and a method for suppressing odor using metal salts such as zinc, copper, iron and the like are known. In particular, a method for suppressing odor using nitrite is typical, and is widely used because of its good handling (see, for example, JP-A-2001-340895).
しかしながら、酸化剤である亜硝酸塩を用いて臭気を抑制する方法の場合、亜硝酸塩は酸性で不安定化するため対象汚泥のpHが低い方が効果が安定するが、汚泥のpHが6以上になると、効力持続時間は著しく短くなってしまう。また、亜硝酸塩は嫌気条件下で微生物によって分解されてしまうため、腐敗した汚泥や、汚水の微生物処理後に発生する余剰濃縮汚泥等、微生物を大量に含む汚泥に使用すると、微生物の分解作用により効果が著しく低下する。 However, in the case of the method of suppressing odor using nitrite which is an oxidizing agent, nitrite is acidic and destabilized, so the effect is stabilized when the pH of the target sludge is low, but the pH of the sludge is 6 or more. As a result, the duration of efficacy is significantly shortened. In addition, nitrite is decomposed by microorganisms under anaerobic conditions. Therefore, when used in sludge containing a large amount of microorganisms, such as spoiled sludge and excess concentrated sludge generated after microbial treatment of sewage, it is effective due to the decomposition action of microorganisms. Is significantly reduced.
通常、上記問題を回避するために、亜硝酸塩の添加量を増やしたり、抗菌剤を併用することにより、亜硝酸塩の濃度を維持して効果を安定させる手法が採られてきた。
しかしながら、抗菌剤のみを用いて菌の生育を止めようとすると大量の抗菌剤を投入する必要が生じ、コスト高を生じることとなる。また、亜硝酸塩を大量に添加したところで、微生物が馴化してくるため、経時に従い添加量を増加させる必要がある。
以上の理由により、pHの高い汚泥や微生物を大量に含む汚泥の処理系に亜硝酸塩を用いて臭気の抑制を行うのは困難であった。
In general, in order to avoid the above problem, a method has been employed in which the amount of nitrite added is increased or an antibacterial agent is used in combination to maintain the nitrite concentration and stabilize the effect.
However, if only the antibacterial agent is used to stop the growth of bacteria, a large amount of the antibacterial agent needs to be introduced, resulting in an increase in cost. In addition, when a large amount of nitrite is added, the microorganisms become acclimatized, so it is necessary to increase the addition amount over time.
For the above reasons, it has been difficult to suppress odors using nitrite in a sludge treatment system containing a large amount of sludge with high pH and microorganisms.
また、亜鉛、銅、鉄等の金属塩を用いて汚泥の臭気を抑制する方法の場合、これら金属は硫化水素とは特異的に反応するため臭気抑制効果が高いが、汚泥の代表的な悪臭物質であるメチルメルカプタンに対しては脱臭効果が殆ど得られなかった。 In addition, in the case of a method for suppressing sludge odor using a metal salt such as zinc, copper, iron, etc., these metals react specifically with hydrogen sulfide and thus have a high odor control effect. Almost no deodorizing effect was obtained with respect to the substance methyl mercaptan.
この発明は、従来の上記問題点に鑑みて案出されたものであり、その目的とするところは、汚水の処理過程で生成される汚泥から発生する悪臭物質である硫化水素及びメチルメルカプタンの臭気を効果的に抑制できる汚泥の臭気抑制方法を実現することにある。 The present invention has been devised in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and the object of the present invention is the odor of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan, which are malodorous substances generated from sludge generated during the treatment of sewage. It is in realizing the sludge odor control method that can effectively suppress the odor.
上記の目的を達成するため、本発明の請求項1に記載の汚水の処理方法は、
最初沈殿池において汚水から初沈汚泥を沈殿分離する工程と、初沈汚泥分離後の汚水に生物学的処理を行って余剰汚泥を分離する工程と、上記初沈汚泥を濃縮すると共に上記余剰汚泥を濃縮する工程と、濃縮後の初沈汚泥及び余剰汚泥を混合する工程と、混合された初沈汚泥及び余剰汚泥を脱水する工程を備えた汚水の処理方法であって、
上記最初沈殿池において汚水から初沈汚泥を沈殿分離する工程以前の段階において、汚水に金属塩を添加し、また、
汚水から初沈汚泥及び余剰汚泥を分離した以後の段階において、上記初沈汚泥及び/又は余剰汚泥に亜硝酸塩を添加することを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, a method for treating sewage according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises:
In the first settling basin, the first settling sludge is separated from the sewage, the first sewage is separated from the sludge by biological treatment, and the first settling sludge is concentrated and the excess sludge is separated. A method for treating sewage, comprising a step of concentrating, a step of mixing the first settling sludge and excess sludge after concentration, and a step of dehydrating the mixed first settling sludge and excess sludge,
In the stage prior to the step of precipitating and separating the first settling sludge from the sewage in the first settling pond, a metal salt is added to the sewage,
Nitrite is added to the primary sedimentation sludge and / or surplus sludge in a stage after separating the primary sedimentation sludge and surplus sludge from the sewage.
本発明の請求項2に記載の汚水の処理方法は、請求項1に記載の汚水の処理方法において、
上記金属塩が、鉄、亜鉛、カルシウム、マグネシウムの何れかの金属塩であることを特徴とする。
The wastewater treatment method according to claim 2 of the present invention is the wastewater treatment method according to claim 1,
The metal salt is any one of iron, zinc, calcium, and magnesium.
本発明の請求項3に記載の汚水の処理方法は、請求項2に記載の汚水の処理方法において、
上記金属塩が鉄塩であると共に、汚水に添加する鉄塩は、鉄塩中の鉄イオン重量で0.2〜150mg/lであることを特徴とする。
The method for treating sewage according to claim 3 of the present invention is the method for treating sewage according to claim 2,
The metal salt is an iron salt, and the iron salt added to the sewage is 0.2 to 150 mg / l in terms of iron ion weight in the iron salt.
本発明の請求項4に記載の汚水の処理方法は、請求項2又は3に記載の汚水の処理方法において、
上記金属塩が、ポリ硫酸第二鉄であることを特徴とする。
The method for treating sewage according to claim 4 of the present invention is the method for treating sewage according to claim 2 or 3,
The metal salt is polyferric sulfate.
本発明の汚水の処理方法は、最初沈殿池において汚水から初沈汚泥を沈殿分離する工程以前の段階において、汚水に金属塩を添加し、また、汚水から初沈汚泥及び余剰汚泥を分離した以後の段階において、上記初沈汚泥及び/又は余剰汚泥に亜硝酸塩を添加することにより、以下の効果を奏するものである。
(1)金属塩は汚泥の沈降を促進する作用を有するため、汚水から初沈汚泥を沈殿分離する工程以前の段階で汚水に金属塩を添加しておくことにより、最初沈殿池において初沈汚泥を沈殿分離する時間を短縮することができ、最初沈殿池での汚泥の滞留時間が短くて済むため初沈汚泥の腐敗を抑制することができる。その結果、微生物が大量繁殖する腐敗した初沈汚泥中の微生物によって、亜硝酸塩が分解消費されることが抑止されるので、亜硝酸塩の脱臭効果が十分に発揮されこととなり、金属塩による硫化水素の臭気抑制効果と相俟って、汚泥から発生する硫化水素及びメチルメルカプタンの臭気を効果的に抑制することができる。
(2)濃縮した初沈汚泥のpHは5程度、濃縮した余剰汚泥のpHは7程度であるが、汚水から初沈汚泥を沈殿分離する工程以前の段階で汚水に金属塩を添加しておくことにより、最初沈殿池における初沈汚泥の沈殿が促進されるので、濃縮後の初沈汚泥と余剰汚泥を混合させた際の割合は、初沈汚泥の方が大きいものとなる。このため、濃縮後の初沈汚泥と余剰汚泥の混合汚泥のpH上昇が抑制されるので、亜硝酸塩の脱臭効果が阻害されることを防止できる。また、濃縮後の初沈汚泥と余剰汚泥を混合させた際の割合が、初沈汚泥の方が大きいため、混合汚泥中の微生物量を少なくすることができると共に、金属塩が微生物の活性を抑制することから、亜硝酸塩が微生物によって分解消費されることが抑止され、その結果、金属塩による硫化水素の臭気抑制効果と相俟って、汚泥から発生する硫化水素及びメチルメルカプタンの臭気を効果的に抑制することができる。
In the method for treating sewage of the present invention, the metal salt is added to the sewage before the step of precipitating and separating the first settling sludge from the sewage in the first settling basin, and after the first settling sludge and excess sludge are separated from the sewage. In this stage, by adding nitrite to the initial settling sludge and / or surplus sludge, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Since the metal salt has the effect of promoting the sedimentation of sludge, the metal salt is added to the sewage before the step of precipitating and separating the primary sludge from the sewage, so that the primary sedimentation sludge in the first sedimentation basin. It is possible to reduce the time for sedimentation of the sewage, and it is possible to suppress the decay of the initial sewage sludge because the residence time of the sludge in the first sedimentation basin is short. As a result, the nitrite is prevented from being decomposed and consumed by the microorganisms in the spoiled primary sedimentation sludge in which the microorganisms are mass-produced, so that the deodorizing effect of the nitrite is sufficiently exerted, and the hydrogen sulfide by the metal salt The odor of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan generated from sludge can be effectively suppressed in combination with the effect of suppressing odor.
(2) The concentrated primary sludge has a pH of about 5 and the concentrated excess sludge has a pH of about 7, but a metal salt is added to the sewage before the step of precipitating and separating the primary sediment from the sewage. Thus, the sedimentation of the primary sedimentation sludge in the primary sedimentation basin is promoted, and the primary sedimentation sludge has a larger ratio when the primary sedimentation sludge after the concentration and the excess sludge are mixed. For this reason, since the pH rise of the mixed sludge of the primary sedimentation sludge and excess sludge after concentration is suppressed, it can prevent that the deodorizing effect of nitrite is inhibited. In addition, since the ratio of the primary sludge after concentration and excess sludge is mixed is larger in the primary sludge, the amount of microorganisms in the mixed sludge can be reduced, and the metal salt increases the activity of microorganisms. As a result, the nitrite is prevented from being decomposed and consumed by microorganisms. As a result, the odor of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan generated from sludge is effective in combination with the odor suppression effect of hydrogen sulfide by metal salts. Can be suppressed.
以下、本発明の一実施例を添付図面に基づいて説明する。図1は、下水処理場における本発明に係る汚水の処理方法の一実施例を示す工程図である。
この下水処理場は、沈砂池10、最初沈殿池12、水処理工程を行う生物槽14、最終沈殿地15及び高度処理槽16、汚泥処理工程を行う初沈汚泥濃縮槽18、余剰汚泥濃縮部20、濃縮汚泥貯留槽22、脱水機24、ホッパー26を備えている。
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing an embodiment of a sewage treatment method according to the present invention in a sewage treatment plant.
This sewage treatment plant consists of a
下水処理場における汚水の処理は以下の工程で行われる。
ポンプ場・下水管渠28を介して下水処理場に流入した下水(汚水)は、先ず、沈砂池10に導入され、図示しないスクリーン等でろ過されることにより、大きなゴミや砂等が除去される。
大きなゴミや砂等が除去された下水は、次に、最初沈殿池12に導入され、数時間程度貯留する過程で小さなゴミや泥等が沈降することにより、最初沈殿池12の底部に初沈汚泥が沈殿・分離される。
The treatment of sewage at the sewage treatment plant is performed in the following steps.
Sewage (sewage) that flows into the sewage treatment plant through the pump station /
The sewage from which large debris, sand, etc. have been removed is then introduced into the
上記最初沈殿池12において初沈汚泥が分離された下水は生物槽14に導入されて水処理工程が行われる。すなわち、生物槽14においては、曝気雰囲気中で微生物による下水中の有機物や無機物の分解処理等の生物学的処理が行われた後、下水を最終沈殿地15に送出する。最終沈殿地15に導入された下水は数時間程度貯留する過程で固液分離され、固体成分が最終沈殿地15の底部に余剰汚泥として沈殿・分離される。尚、上記生物槽14で微生物による生物学的処理行われた結果、余剰汚泥中には微生物が大量に含まれている。
The sewage from which the first settling sludge has been separated in the
上記最終沈殿地15で余剰汚泥が分離された下水は高度処理槽16に送出され、該高度処理槽16において窒素やリン等の富栄養化物の除去が行われて浄化された後、河川等の公共用水域に放流されるのである。
The sewage from which excess sludge has been separated in the
一方、汚泥処理工程は以下の手順で行われる。
先ず、最初沈殿池12の底部に沈殿した初沈汚泥を引き抜いて初沈汚泥濃縮槽18に導入し、重力濃縮を行う。
また、上記最終沈殿地15の底部に沈殿した余剰汚泥を引き抜いて余剰汚泥濃縮部20に導入し、遠心分離機を用いた機械濃縮や重力濃縮等を行って余剰汚泥を濃縮する。
On the other hand, a sludge treatment process is performed in the following procedures.
First, the first settling sludge that has settled at the bottom of the
Further, surplus sludge precipitated at the bottom of the
次に、初沈汚泥濃縮槽18で重力濃縮された初沈濃縮汚泥と、余剰汚泥濃縮部20で濃縮された余剰濃縮汚泥を混合させた状態で濃縮汚泥貯留槽22に送出して一時貯留する。
その後、混合された初沈濃縮汚泥及び余剰濃縮汚泥を脱水機24へ送出し、脱水処理を行って固形状の汚泥である脱水ケーキと成す。この脱水ケーキは、ベルトコンベア(図示せず)等を介してホッパー26に移送されて貯留後、外部へ搬出されて焼却処理や埋立処理等を行うのである。
Next, the primary sedimentation sludge concentrated by gravity in the primary sedimentation
Thereafter, the mixed primary sludge and excess concentrated sludge are sent to the
本発明に係る汚水の処理方法は、上記最初沈殿池12において下水から初沈汚泥を沈殿分離する工程以前の段階において、下水に金属塩を添加し、また、上記最初沈殿池12及び最終沈殿地15で、下水から初沈汚泥及び余剰汚泥を分離した以後の段階において、初沈汚泥及び/又は余剰汚泥に亜硝酸塩を添加するものである。
In the method for treating sewage according to the present invention, a metal salt is added to sewage before the step of settling and separating the first settling sludge from the sewage in the
従って、金属塩は、例えば、最初沈殿池12に導入された下水、沈砂池10に導入された下水、ポンプ場・下水管渠に流入した下水中に添加されるものである。また、下水が流れる配管(図示せず)中に添加しても良い。
Accordingly, the metal salt is added to, for example, sewage initially introduced into the settling
上記金属塩としては、例えば、ポリ硫酸第二鉄、塩化鉄(II)、硫酸鉄、硝酸鉄といった鉄塩、塩化亜鉛、硫酸亜鉛、酢酸亜鉛等の亜鉛塩、塩化カルシウム、硝酸カルシウム等のカルシウム塩、水酸化マグネシウム、塩化マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム等のマグネシウム塩が該当するが、鉄塩が好適であり、その中でもポリ硫酸第二鉄が最適である。 Examples of the metal salt include iron salts such as polyferric sulfate, iron (II) chloride, iron sulfate and iron nitrate, zinc salts such as zinc chloride, zinc sulfate and zinc acetate, calcium such as calcium chloride and calcium nitrate. Magnesium salts such as salts, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium chloride, magnesium oxide, and magnesium hydroxide are applicable, and iron salts are preferable, and among these, ferric polysulfate is most preferable.
すなわち、一般に多価金属イオンには汚泥の凝集能力がある反面、毒性による環境汚染の問題があるが、鉄イオンは毒性が比較的低く環境中にも大量に存在していて環境負荷が小さいので、鉄塩を用いるのが好適である。中でも、ポリ硫酸第二鉄は、塩化鉄や硫酸鉄等の他の鉄塩に比べ腐食性が最も低く、汚水処理設備の腐食を生じさせにくいことから最適である。 In other words, while polyvalent metal ions generally have the ability to aggregate sludge, there is a problem of environmental pollution due to toxicity, but iron ions are relatively toxic and are present in large quantities in the environment, so the environmental burden is small. It is preferable to use an iron salt. Among these, ferric sulfate is optimal because it has the lowest corrosiveness compared to other iron salts such as iron chloride and iron sulfate, and hardly causes corrosion of sewage treatment facilities.
尚、カルシウム塩及びマグネシウム塩の場合、配管スケールを生成して汚水処理設備の毀損を招き易いが、環境負荷は比較的小さいので、配管スケール生成の抑制措置を適切に講じれば好適に使用することができる。 In addition, in the case of calcium salt and magnesium salt, it is easy to cause damage to the sewage treatment equipment by generating piping scales, but since the environmental load is relatively small, it should be used suitably if appropriate measures are taken to prevent the generation of piping scales. Can do.
金属塩が鉄塩の場合、鉄塩中の鉄イオンは水溶性の硫黄イオンと化合して不溶性の硫化鉄イオンとなって沈降するものであるが、上記汚水に添加する鉄塩は、鉄塩中の鉄イオン重量で0.2〜150mg/lの範囲に設定するのが好適である。
すなわち、流入する下水中の溶存硫化物イオン濃度は、一般的には1〜7.5mg/lの範囲であることから、鉄塩中の鉄イオンと溶存硫化物中の硫黄イオンが等モル反応の場合、必要とされる鉄イオンは2〜15mg/lとなる。
しかしながら、合流式の下水管渠の場合、雨水が合流して通常の10倍ほどの水量となることがあり、この場合、下水中の溶存硫化物イオン濃度は通常の1/10の0.1〜0.75mg/lとなる。一方、高潮の影響などで下水管渠内に大量の硫化物イオンが流入して硫化物イオン濃度が通常の10倍の10〜75mg/lになることもある。従って、斯かる環境の変化を加味し、上記の通り、汚水に添加する鉄塩は、鉄塩中の鉄イオン重量で0.2〜150mg/lの範囲に設定するのが好適である。
When the metal salt is an iron salt, the iron ions in the iron salt combine with water-soluble sulfur ions and precipitate as insoluble iron sulfide ions, but the iron salt added to the sewage is an iron salt. It is preferable to set the weight of iron ions in the range of 0.2 to 150 mg / l.
That is, since the dissolved sulfide ion concentration in the inflowing sewage is generally in the range of 1 to 7.5 mg / l, the equimolar reaction between the iron ions in the iron salt and the sulfur ions in the dissolved sulfide. In this case, the required iron ion is 2 to 15 mg / l.
However, in the case of a combined sewage pipe dredger, rainwater may join and the amount of water may be about 10 times the normal amount. In this case, the concentration of dissolved sulfide ions in the sewage is 0.1 / 10 of the normal 1/10. -0.75 mg / l. On the other hand, a large amount of sulfide ions may flow into the sewer pipe due to storm surges and the like, and the concentration of sulfide ions may be 10 to 75 mg / l, which is 10 times the normal concentration. Therefore, in consideration of such environmental changes, as described above, the iron salt added to the sewage is preferably set in the range of 0.2 to 150 mg / l in terms of the iron ion weight in the iron salt.
また、金属塩が亜鉛塩の場合、汚水に添加する亜鉛塩は、亜鉛塩中の亜鉛イオン重量で0.2〜180mg/lの範囲に設定するのが好適である。すなわち、溶存硫化物イオン濃度が1〜7.5mg/lの一般的な汚水の場合、等モル反応で必要とされる亜鉛イオンは2〜18mg/lであるが、上記した環境の変化を加味すると0.2〜180mg/lとなるためである。
さらに、金属塩がカルシウム塩の場合、汚水に添加するカルシウム塩は、カルシウム塩中のカルシウムイオン重量で0.1〜100mg/lの範囲に設定するのが好適である。すなわち、溶存硫化物イオン濃度が1〜7.5mg/lの一般的な汚水の場合、等モル反応で必要とされるカルシウムイオンは1〜10mg/lであるが、上記した環境の変化を加味すると0.1〜100mg/lとなるためである。
さらにまた、金属塩がマグネシウム塩の場合、汚水に添加するマグネシウム塩は、マグネシウム塩中のマグネシウムイオン重量で0.05〜60mg/lの範囲に設定するのが好適である。すなわち、溶存硫化物イオン濃度が1〜7.5mg/lの一般的な汚水の場合、等モル反応で必要とされるマグネシウムイオンは0.5〜6mg/lであるが、上記した環境の変化を加味すると0.05〜60mg/lとなるためである。
When the metal salt is a zinc salt, the zinc salt added to the sewage is preferably set in the range of 0.2 to 180 mg / l in terms of the weight of zinc ions in the zinc salt. That is, in the case of general sewage with a dissolved sulfide ion concentration of 1 to 7.5 mg / l, the zinc ion required for the equimolar reaction is 2 to 18 mg / l. This is because it becomes 0.2 to 180 mg / l.
Furthermore, when the metal salt is a calcium salt, the calcium salt added to the sewage is preferably set in the range of 0.1 to 100 mg / l in terms of the weight of calcium ions in the calcium salt. That is, in the case of general wastewater having a dissolved sulfide ion concentration of 1 to 7.5 mg / l, the calcium ion required for the equimolar reaction is 1 to 10 mg / l. This is because it becomes 0.1 to 100 mg / l.
Furthermore, when the metal salt is a magnesium salt, the magnesium salt added to the sewage is preferably set in the range of 0.05 to 60 mg / l in terms of the weight of magnesium ions in the magnesium salt. That is, in the case of general wastewater having a dissolved sulfide ion concentration of 1 to 7.5 mg / l, the magnesium ion required for the equimolar reaction is 0.5 to 6 mg / l. This is because 0.05 to 60 mg / l is added.
一方、亜硝酸塩は、最初沈殿池12及び最終沈殿地15で、初沈汚泥及び余剰汚泥を分離した以後の段階において添加するものであることから、図1において、例えば、初沈汚泥濃縮槽18に導入された初沈汚泥、余剰汚泥濃縮部20に導入された余剰汚泥、濃縮汚泥貯留槽22に導入された初沈濃縮汚泥及び余剰濃縮汚泥に添加されるものである。
また、汚泥の性状によっては、上記した金属塩添加の効果で濃縮後も暫く汚泥が腐敗しないことがあり、このような場合には、脱水処理後の固形状の汚泥である脱水ケーキに対して、亜硝酸塩溶液を噴霧する等して添加しても良い。このように、脱水処理後の固形状の汚泥である脱水ケーキに亜硝酸塩を添加する場合には、水分を多量に含む汚泥に添加する場合と異なり、亜硝酸イオンの未反応部分が流亡消失することが無くなり、亜硝酸塩を無駄なく使用することができる。
On the other hand, nitrite is added at a stage after the initial sludge and surplus sludge are separated in the
In addition, depending on the properties of the sludge, the sludge may not rot for a while after the concentration due to the effect of adding the metal salt. In such a case, the dehydrated cake is a solid sludge after the dehydration process. The nitrite solution may be added by spraying. Thus, when adding nitrite to a dewatered cake that is solid sludge after dehydration, the unreacted portion of nitrite ions is washed away, unlike when added to sludge containing a large amount of water. And nitrite can be used without waste.
汚泥に添加する亜硝酸塩としては亜硝酸ナトリウムが好適である。すなわち、亜硝酸ナトリウムは酸化力がそれほど強くないため、反応が緩やかであると共に、塩素ガスのような有害ガスを出しにくく、且つ、過酸化水素のように爆発的に反応することもないため使用感が良いためである。 Sodium nitrite is preferred as the nitrite added to the sludge. That is, sodium nitrite is not very strong in oxidizing power, so the reaction is slow, it is difficult to emit harmful gases such as chlorine gas, and it does not react explosively like hydrogen peroxide. This is because the feeling is good.
尚、有害ガスの発生対策や反応速度をコントロールする方法を講じれば、亜硝酸塩に代えて過酸化水素、硝酸塩、次亜塩素酸塩、亜塩素酸塩および塩素化イソシアヌル酸で代用することもできる。 If measures are taken to prevent generation of harmful gases and control the reaction rate, hydrogen peroxide, nitrate, hypochlorite, chlorite and chlorinated isocyanuric acid can be substituted for nitrite. .
本発明の汚水の処理方法は、最初沈殿池12において下水から初沈汚泥を沈殿分離する工程以前の段階において、下水に金属塩を添加し、また、上記最初沈殿池12及び最終沈殿地15で、下水から初沈汚泥及び余剰汚泥を分離した以後の段階において、初沈汚泥及び/又は余剰汚泥に亜硝酸塩を添加することにより、以下の効果を奏するものである。
(1)金属塩は汚泥の沈降を促進する作用を有するため、下水から初沈汚泥を沈殿分離する工程以前の段階で下水に金属塩を添加しておくことにより、最初沈殿池12において初沈汚泥を沈殿分離する時間を短縮することができ、最初沈殿池12での汚泥の滞留時間が短くて済むため初沈汚泥の腐敗を抑制することができる。その結果、微生物が大量繁殖する腐敗した初沈汚泥中の微生物によって、亜硝酸塩が分解消費されることが抑止されるので、亜硝酸塩の脱臭効果が十分に発揮されこととなり、金属塩による硫化水素の臭気抑制効果と相俟って、汚泥から発生する硫化水素及びメチルメルカプタンの臭気を効果的に抑制することができる。
(2)初沈濃縮汚泥のpHは5程度、余剰濃縮汚泥のpHは7程度であるが、下水から初沈汚泥を沈殿分離する工程以前の段階で下水に金属塩を添加しておくことにより、最初沈殿池12における初沈汚泥の沈殿が促進されるので、初沈濃縮汚泥と余剰濃縮汚泥を混合させた際の割合は、初沈濃縮汚泥の方が大きいものとなる。このため、初沈濃縮汚泥と余剰濃縮汚泥の混合させた汚泥のpH上昇が抑制されるので、亜硝酸塩の脱臭効果が阻害されることを防止できる。また、初沈濃縮汚泥と余剰濃縮汚泥を混合させた際の割合が、初沈濃縮汚泥の方が大きいため、混合汚泥中の微生物量を少なくすることができると共に、金属塩が微生物の活性を抑制することから、亜硝酸塩が微生物によって分解消費されることが抑止され、その結果、金属塩による硫化水素の臭気抑制効果と相俟って、汚泥から発生する硫化水素及びメチルメルカプタンの臭気を効果的に抑制することができる。
In the method for treating sewage according to the present invention, metal salt is added to the sewage before the step of settling and separating the first settling sludge from the sewage in the
(1) Since the metal salt has an action of promoting the sedimentation of sludge, the metal salt is added to the sewage before the step of precipitating and separating the primary sludge from the sewage. The time for sedimentation and separation of the sludge can be shortened, and the sludge residence time in the
(2) Although the pH of the primary sedimentation sludge is about 5 and the pH of the excess concentrated sludge is about 7, by adding a metal salt to the sewage before the step of separating the primary sedimentation sludge from the sewage Since the sedimentation of the primary sedimentation sludge in the
尚、初沈汚泥及び/又は余剰汚泥に亜硝酸塩を添加する際、抗菌剤も同時に添加しても良い。
この抗菌剤としては、ソジウムピリジンチオール−1−オキシド(以下、NaPT)、ジンクビス(2−ピリジルチオー1オキシド)、1,2−ベンゾイソチアゾリン−3−オン、2−メチル−4−イソチアゾリン−3−オン、メチル−2−ベンズイミダゾールカーバメート、2−(4−チアゾリル)−ベンズイミダゾール、2−ブロモ−2−ニトロ−1,3−プロパンジオール等が該当するが、NaPTが分散性とハンドリングの良さから特に好適である。
In addition, when adding nitrite to primary sedimentation sludge and / or surplus sludge, you may add an antibacterial agent simultaneously.
As this antibacterial agent, sodium pyridine thiol-1-oxide (hereinafter referred to as NaPT), zinc bis (2-pyridylthio-1 oxide), 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazoline-3- ON, methyl-2-benzimidazole carbamate, 2- (4-thiazolyl) -benzimidazole, 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, and the like, but NaPT has good dispersibility and handling. Particularly preferred.
このように、初沈汚泥及び/又は余剰汚泥への亜硝酸塩添加時に抗菌剤を併用することにより、微生物の繁殖・活動を抑制し、微生物の分解作用による亜硝酸塩の消費を防止することができるので、亜硝酸塩による臭気抑制効果を持続させることができる。 Thus, by using an antibacterial agent together with the addition of nitrite to the initial settling sludge and / or surplus sludge, it is possible to suppress the proliferation and activity of microorganisms and to prevent the consumption of nitrite due to the decomposition action of microorganisms. Therefore, the odor suppression effect by nitrite can be maintained.
以下に本発明を、実施例を挙げて更に説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。 The present invention will be further described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[実施例1]
(試験方法)
下水処理場への流入下水に対し、ポリ硫酸第二鉄溶液を、該ポリ硫酸第二鉄溶液中の鉄イオン重量で10mg/l添加した上で最初沈殿池12に導入し、上記水処理工程及び汚泥処理工程を行う。初沈濃縮汚泥と余剰濃縮汚泥を混合した濃縮汚泥貯留槽22から汚泥スラリーを2Lのビーカーに採取し、採取した汚泥スラリーに亜硝酸塩を含有する脱臭剤を添加し、攪拌した。
攪拌して30分経過後における脱水前の汚泥スラリーの硫化水素とメチルメルカプタンの濃度をガステック社製検知管を用いて測定した。
その後、試験用小型ベルトプレス脱水機を用いて汚泥スラリーを脱水し、脱水して得られた脱水ケーキを各試験区100gずつ、ポリエチレン製容器に密封して入れ、30℃の恒温槽内に滞留させ、脱水24時間後、脱水48時間後の脱水ケーキの硫化水素とメチルメルカプタンの濃度を測定した。
尚、比較例として、ポリ硫酸第二鉄溶液を添加しない流入下水について、上記と同じ方法で硫化水素とメチルメルカプタンの濃度を測定した。
[Example 1]
(Test method)
After adding 10 mg / l of the ferric sulfate solution in terms of the iron ion weight in the ferric sulfate solution to the sewage flowing into the sewage treatment plant, the solution is first introduced into the settling
The concentration of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan in the sludge slurry before dehydration after stirring for 30 minutes was measured using a detector tube manufactured by Gastec.
Thereafter, the sludge slurry is dehydrated using a small belt press dehydrator for testing, and 100 g of each dehydrated cake obtained by dehydration is sealed in a polyethylene container and retained in a thermostatic bath at 30 ° C. The concentration of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan in the dehydrated cake after
As a comparative example, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan was measured for the inflowing sewage to which no polyferric sulfate solution was added by the same method as described above.
硫化水素の濃度測定の試験結果を表1に示す。
メチルメルカプタンの濃度測定の試験結果を表2に示す。
表1及び表2に記載の通り、以下の試験結果が得られた。
(1)流入下水に金属塩であるポリ硫酸第二鉄溶液を添加していない試験区では、硫化水素およびメチルメルカプタンの両方の臭気が発生しているのに対し、ポリ硫酸第二鉄溶液を添加した試験区では硫化水素の発生量が著しく少なかった。従って、金属塩であるポリ硫酸第二鉄溶液の添加によって、硫化水素の臭気抑制効果が得られていることが判る。
(2)流入下水に金属塩であるポリ硫酸第二鉄溶液を添加しているが、亜硝酸塩系脱臭剤を添加していない試験区では、金属塩はメチルメルカプタンに対する脱臭効果が殆どないため、メチルメルカプタンの発生量が多く、また、脱水ケーキにした後の滞留時間が長くなると効果が減退している。
(3)流入下水に金属塩であるポリ硫酸第二鉄溶液を添加せず、亜硝酸塩系脱臭剤のみを添加した試験区では、脱水前の脱臭効果は高いが脱水ケーキにした後に効果が無くなった。これは、時間の経過と共に微生物が繁殖し、微生物の分解作用によって亜硝酸塩が消費されたためであると思料される。
(4)一方、本発明方法である、流入下水に金属塩であるポリ硫酸第二鉄溶液を添加すると共に、汚泥スラリーに亜硝酸塩系脱臭剤を添加した試験区では、長時間硫化水素及びメチルメルカプタン双方の臭気発生を抑制することができた。
As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the following test results were obtained.
(1) In the test section where the metal ferric sulfate solution, which is a metal salt, was not added to the influent sewage, both hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan odors were generated, whereas the polyferric sulfate solution was In the added test section, the amount of hydrogen sulfide generated was remarkably small. Therefore, it can be seen that the effect of suppressing the odor of hydrogen sulfide is obtained by adding the polyferric sulfate solution, which is a metal salt.
(2) The ferric sulfate solution, which is a metal salt, is added to the influent sewage, but the metal salt has almost no deodorizing effect on methyl mercaptan in the test section where no nitrite deodorant is added. The amount of methyl mercaptan generated is large, and the effect decreases when the residence time after making a dehydrated cake becomes long.
(3) In the test section where the polyferric sulfate solution, which is a metal salt, is not added to the inflowing sewage, but only a nitrite deodorant is added, the deodorization effect before dehydration is high, but the effect is lost after making a dehydrated cake. It was. This is thought to be because microorganisms propagated over time, and nitrite was consumed by the decomposition action of microorganisms.
(4) On the other hand, in the test section in which the ferric sulfate solution, which is a metal salt, was added to the inflowing sewage and the nitrite deodorant was added to the sludge slurry, hydrogen sulfide and methyl were used for a long time. Odor generation of both mercaptans could be suppressed.
[実施例2]
(試験方法)
本実施例2は、脱水後の汚泥である脱水ケーキに亜硝酸塩系脱臭剤を噴霧して使用した場合の試験である。
下水処理場への流入下水に対し、ポリ硫酸第二鉄溶液を、該ポリ硫酸第二鉄溶液中の鉄イオン重量で10mg/l添加した上で最初沈殿池12に導入し、上記水処理工程及び汚泥処理工程を行う。初沈濃縮汚泥と余剰濃縮汚泥を混合した濃縮汚泥貯留槽22から汚泥スラリーを2Lのビーカーに採取し、採取した汚泥スラリーより発生する硫化水素とメチルメルカプタンの濃度をガステック社製検知管を用いて測定した。
その後、試験用小型ベルトプレス脱水機を用いて汚泥スラリーを脱水し、脱水して得られた脱水ケーキに亜硝酸塩系脱臭剤を噴霧した後、各試験区100gずつ、ポリエチレン製容器に密封して入れ、30℃の恒温槽内に滞留させ、脱水24時間後、脱水48時間後の脱水ケーキの硫化水素とメチルメルカプタンの濃度を測定した。
尚、比較例として、ポリ硫酸第二鉄溶液を添加しない流入下水について、上記と同じ方法で硫化水素とメチルメルカプタンの濃度を測定した。
[Example 2]
(Test method)
The present Example 2 is a test in the case of using a nitrite deodorant sprayed on a dehydrated cake which is sludge after dehydration.
After adding 10 mg / l of the ferric sulfate solution in terms of the iron ion weight in the ferric sulfate solution to the sewage flowing into the sewage treatment plant, the solution is first introduced into the settling
Thereafter, the sludge slurry is dehydrated using a small belt press dehydrator for testing, and after spraying a nitrite-based deodorant on the dehydrated cake obtained by dehydration, 100 g of each test section is sealed in a polyethylene container. The dehydrated cake was dehydrated 24 hours later and dehydrated 48 hours later, and the concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan were measured.
As a comparative example, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan was measured for the inflowing sewage to which no polyferric sulfate solution was added by the same method as described above.
硫化水素の濃度測定の試験結果を表3に示す。
メチルメルカプタンの濃度測定の試験結果を表4に示す。
表3及び表4に記載の通り、流入下水に対するポリ硫酸第二鉄溶液の添加の有無に関わらず、亜硝酸塩系脱臭剤を添加しなかった試験区では硫化水素及びメチルメルカプタンタンともに発生した。また、ポリ硫酸第二鉄溶液を添加せず、亜硝酸塩系脱臭剤のみを添加した試験区では、時間の経過と共に硫化水素及びメチルメルカプタンタンの発生量が増大した。
これに対し、本発明方法である、流入下水に金属塩であるポリ硫酸第二鉄溶液を添加すると共に、脱水ケーキに亜硝酸塩系脱臭剤を噴霧した試験区では、硫化水素及びメチルメルカプタン双方の臭気発生を長時間抑制することができた。
As shown in Tables 3 and 4, both hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptantan were generated in the test section where the nitrite-based deodorant was not added, regardless of whether or not the polyferric sulfate solution was added to the inflowing sewage. Further, in the test section where only the nitrite deodorant was added without adding the polyferric sulfate solution, the generation amounts of hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptantan increased with the passage of time.
In contrast, in the test section where the ferric sulfate solution, which is a metal salt, was added to the influent sewage, which was the method of the present invention, and the nitrite deodorant was sprayed on the dehydrated cake, both hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan were used. Odor generation could be suppressed for a long time.
10 沈砂池
12 最初沈殿池
14 生物槽
15 最終沈殿池
16 高度処理槽
18 初沈汚泥濃縮槽
20 余剰汚泥濃縮部
22 濃縮汚泥貯留槽
24 脱水機
26 ホッパー
28 ポンプ場・下水管渠
10 Sand basin
12 First sedimentation basin
14 Biological tank
15 Final sedimentation basin
16 Advanced treatment tank
18 First settling sludge concentration tank
20 Excess sludge concentration section
22 Concentrated sludge storage tank
24 Dehydrator
26 Hopper
28 Pumping stations and sewer pipes
Claims (4)
上記最初沈殿池において汚水から初沈汚泥を沈殿分離する工程以前の段階において、汚水に金属塩を添加し、また、
汚水から初沈汚泥及び余剰汚泥を分離した以後の段階において、上記初沈汚泥及び/又は余剰汚泥に亜硝酸塩を添加することを特徴とする汚水の処理方法。 In the first settling basin, the first settling sludge is separated from the sewage, the first sewage is separated from the sludge by biological treatment, and the first settling sludge is concentrated and the excess sludge is separated. A method for treating sewage, comprising a step of concentrating, a step of mixing the first settling sludge and excess sludge after concentration, and a step of dehydrating the mixed first settling sludge and excess sludge,
In the stage prior to the step of precipitating and separating the first settling sludge from the sewage in the first settling pond, a metal salt is added to the sewage,
A method for treating sewage characterized by adding nitrite to the primary sedimentation sludge and / or surplus sludge in a stage after separating the primary sedimentation sludge and surplus sludge from the sewage.
The method for treating sewage according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the metal salt is ferric sulfate.
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JP2016022421A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-02-08 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Sludge treatment method |
JP2019005676A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2019-01-17 | 栗田工業株式会社 | Method of managing sludge treatment |
RU2821572C1 (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2024-06-25 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Компания Нью Текнолоджис Плюс" | Method of producing soil based on sewage sludge processed by chemical and physical methods |
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CN104556629A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-04-29 | 江苏华伦化工有限公司 | Biochemical sludge treatment device and biochemical sludge treatment process |
KR102053884B1 (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-12-09 | 최윤진 | Method of improving filtration property of sewage sludge using ferric sulfate and method of treating sewage using the same |
CN113800675A (en) * | 2021-09-05 | 2021-12-17 | 湖北杉树垭矿业有限公司 | Precipitation treatment method for underground production sewage of mine |
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KR20150102949A (en) | 2015-09-09 |
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