JP2014097078A - Building structure - Google Patents

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JP2014097078A
JP2014097078A JP2014042034A JP2014042034A JP2014097078A JP 2014097078 A JP2014097078 A JP 2014097078A JP 2014042034 A JP2014042034 A JP 2014042034A JP 2014042034 A JP2014042034 A JP 2014042034A JP 2014097078 A JP2014097078 A JP 2014097078A
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sunlight
roof
building
land
livestock
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Tetsuya Nakamura
鉄哉 中村
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping

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  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building structure capable of solving shortage of power while attaining both agriculture and livestock industry.SOLUTION: In a building structure 1, livestock are raised therein, and a plant growing area for growing plants is present therein. A roof 3 has a transparent part 7 through which sunlight is transmitted to the inside, and an opaque part 9 through which sunlight is not transmitted. The livestock cannot pass through an external wall 5 and the transparent part 7. There are solar panels 13 for converting the sunlight to power in the opaque part 9. The sunlight transmitted through the transparent part 7 hits the plant growing area.

Description

本発明は、内部で家畜を飼育するための建造物に関する。   The present invention relates to a building for raising livestock inside.

従来、農業と家畜業は、異なる法体系により規制されているように、別々の事業として発展してきた。業者は、基本的には、飼育環境・育成環境等をコントロール下におくようにしてきた（特許文献１、２など参照）。   Traditionally, agriculture and livestock industry have been developed as separate businesses, as regulated by different legal systems. The traders have basically kept the breeding environment, the breeding environment, etc. under control (see Patent Documents 1 and 2, etc.).

特開２０１０−１１０２７５号公報JP 2010-110275 A 特開平８−２５６６１４号公報JP-A-8-256614

しかしながら、特許文献１に記載されているように、畜産業では、太陽光は、不安定であり排除されやすい。そのため、太陽光を活用して、建物内部で植物を育成することは困難であった。このような建物では、農業・畜産業の多重的な再活性化を実現することはできない。   However, as described in Patent Document 1, in the livestock industry, sunlight is unstable and easily excluded. Therefore, it has been difficult to grow plants inside the building using sunlight. In such a building, multiple revitalization of agriculture and livestock industry cannot be realized.

他方、農業では、太陽光は、例えばビニルハウスのように植物育成のために活用する。そのため、建物は、通常、光量を制御する構造で足り、例えば内部で家畜を飼育する等は想定されていない。   On the other hand, in agriculture, sunlight is used for plant growth, such as a vinyl house. For this reason, it is usually sufficient for the building to have a structure that controls the amount of light. For example, it is not assumed that domestic animals are raised.

なお、特許文献２には、ネット状体の遮光性被覆材に太陽電池を固着することが記載されている。しかしながら、特許文献２記載の技術は、日射光量が多い場合には植物の生長・生産が阻害されるため、直達光量を一定の割合に減少させるためのものである。すなわち、特許文献２記載の技術は、動植物の育成困難な自然環境下におけるものである。よって、ネット状体の構造は、植物の育成のみによって決定される。特許文献２には、畜産業に関しては記載も示唆もされていない。むしろ、動物の生育が困難な状況下におけるものである。   Patent Document 2 describes that a solar cell is fixed to a light-shielding coating material of a net-like body. However, the technique described in Patent Document 2 is for reducing the amount of direct light to a certain ratio because the growth and production of plants is inhibited when the amount of solar radiation is large. That is, the technique described in Patent Document 2 is in a natural environment where it is difficult to grow animals and plants. Therefore, the structure of the net-like body is determined only by plant growth. Patent Document 2 does not describe or suggest the livestock industry. Rather, it is under circumstances in which animal growth is difficult.

また、電力不足も深刻である。しかしながら、発電所は、忌避施設として住民の反対運動等があり、新たに設けることは困難な状況である。   There is also a serious power shortage. However, it is difficult to establish a new power plant because of the opposition of residents as a repelling facility.

ゆえに、本発明は、農業又は畜産業を行いつつ、電力不足をも解決可能な建造物を提供
することを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a building that can solve power shortages while carrying out agriculture or livestock industry.

本願発明の第１の観点は、屋根に太陽光を電力に変換する光電変換手段を備える建造物であって、内部に植物を育成する植物育成領域が存在し、前記屋根には、太陽光が内部に透過する透過部と透過しない不透過部があり、前記光電変換手段は、前記不透過部に存在するものであり、前記透過部を透過した太陽光は、前記植物育成領域に射すものである。   A first aspect of the present invention is a building having photoelectric conversion means for converting sunlight into electric power on the roof, wherein there is a plant growing region for growing plants inside, and the roof has sunlight. There are a transmission part that transmits inside and a non-transmission part that does not transmit, the photoelectric conversion means is present in the non-transmission part, and the sunlight transmitted through the transmission part shines on the plant growing region. is there.

本願発明の第２の観点は、屋根に太陽光を電力に変換する光電変換手段を備える建造物であって、内部で、家畜を飼育するものであり、前記屋根には、太陽光が内部に透過しない不透過部があり、前記光電変換手段は、前記不透過部に存在するものであり、外壁は、前記家畜が通過できないものである。   A second aspect of the present invention is a building having photoelectric conversion means for converting sunlight into electric power on the roof, and for raising livestock inside, and the roof has sunlight therein. There is an impermeable portion that does not transmit, the photoelectric conversion means is present in the impermeable portion, and the outer wall is one through which the livestock cannot pass.

本願発明の第３の観点は、第１又は第２の観点において、当該建造物は、高低差のない部分と高低差のある部分とを含む土地上に建てられたものであり、前記屋根の最も高い位置と最も低い位置の高さの差は、前記土地の最も高い位置と最も低い位置の差よりも小さいものであり、前記光電変換手段は、前記土地の高低差のある部分に対して前記不透過部が透過させない太陽光を電力に変換するものである。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, the building is built on land including a portion having no height difference and a portion having a height difference. The difference in height between the highest position and the lowest position is smaller than the difference between the highest position and the lowest position of the land. Sunlight that is not transmitted by the opaque portion is converted into electric power.

本願発明によれば、鶏舎等の家畜を飼育したり、植物を飼育したりする建造物において、屋根の不透過部で太陽光発電を行うことにより、農業又は畜産業を行いつつ、発電することが可能になる。これにより、「多重型農業設備」ともいうべき建造物を実現することができる。特に、第３の観点にあるように、高低差のある土地であっても、植土地の有効利用を図ることが可能になる。   According to the present invention, in a building for raising livestock such as a poultry house or raising a plant, by performing solar power generation at an opaque part of the roof, generating electricity while performing agriculture or livestock industry Is possible. Thereby, the structure which should also be called a "multiplex type agricultural facility" is realizable. In particular, as in the third aspect, it is possible to make effective use of the planted land even if the land has a height difference.

なお、本願発明において、前記植物は、果樹であってもよい。果樹であれば、光が照射されるべき領域を特定することができる。そのため、透過部の形成が容易になる。果樹は、例えば、梅の木やオリーブである。これらの樹木は、動物や日陰に強く、さらに、抗菌・殺菌作用があることから、多重型農業設備に適したものとなる。   In the present invention, the plant may be a fruit tree. If it is a fruit tree, the area | region which should be irradiated with light can be specified. Therefore, it becomes easy to form the transmission part. Fruit trees are, for example, plum trees and olives. These trees are resistant to animals and shade, and have antibacterial and bactericidal effects, making them suitable for multiple agricultural facilities.

本願発明の実施の形態に係る建造物１を説明する図であり、（ａ）は側面図、（ｂ）は平面図である。It is a figure explaining the building 1 which concerns on embodiment of this invention, (a) is a side view, (b) is a top view. 本願発明に係る建造物が設置される土地の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the land in which the building which concerns on this invention is installed.

以下、本願発明の実施例について説明する。ただし、本願発明は、この実施例に限定されるものではない。   Examples of the present invention will be described below. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

図１は、本願発明の実施の形態に係る建造物１を説明する図である。図１（ａ）は、建造物１の側面図である。建造物１（本願請求項の「建造物」の一例）は、内部に、果樹１１（本願請求項の「果樹」の一例であり、果樹１１が育成する領域が、本願請求項の「植物育成領域」の一例である。）が存在する。果樹は、例えば、梅の木やオリーブである。これらの樹木は、動物や日陰に強く、さらに、抗菌・殺菌作用があることから、多重型農業設備に適したものとなる。また、建造物１の内部には、家畜（本願請求項の「家畜」の一例）が存在し、家畜を飼育するための空間である。家畜は、例えば、ニワトリである。   FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a building 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A is a side view of the building 1. The building 1 (an example of the “building” in the present claim) is the fruit tree 11 (an example of the “fruit tree” in the present claim), and the area where the fruit tree 11 grows is the “plant growing” in the present claim. This is an example of “region”. Fruit trees are, for example, plum trees and olives. These trees are resistant to animals and shade, and have antibacterial and bactericidal effects, making them suitable for multiple agricultural facilities. In addition, livestock (an example of “livestock” in the claims of the present application) exists inside the building 1 and is a space for raising livestock. The domestic animal is, for example, a chicken.

建造物１は、屋根３（本願請求項の「屋根」の一例）と、外壁５（本願請求項の「外壁」の一例）を備える。外壁５は、果樹１１が育成する領域を囲う。そして、外壁５は、例えば、金網であり、網目を家畜の大きさよりも小さくして、家畜が通過して外に出ないようにしている。なお、鳥インフルエンザ等を予防するため、野鳥の糞などが入らないように、アクリル板などを設置するようにしてもよい。また、法律上、農地として認められるためには、一見して植物を育成するスペースであることが明らかである必要がある。金網であれば、一見して農地であることが明らかとなる。   The building 1 includes a roof 3 (an example of “roof” in the claims) and an outer wall 5 (an example of “outer wall” in the claims). The outer wall 5 surrounds an area where the fruit tree 11 grows. The outer wall 5 is, for example, a wire mesh, and the mesh is made smaller than the size of the livestock so that the livestock does not pass out. In order to prevent avian influenza and the like, an acrylic board or the like may be installed so as to prevent wild bird droppings or the like from entering. In addition, in order to be recognized as agricultural land by law, it must be apparent that it is a space for growing plants at first glance. If it is a wire mesh, it will be clear that it is farmland.

屋根３は、透過部７（本願請求項の「透過部」の一例）と、不透過部９１及び９２（本願請求項の「不透過部」の一例）を備える。透過部７は、太陽光が建造物１の内部に透過する部分である。透過した太陽光は、少なくとも、果樹１１が育成する領域に射す。不透過部９１及び９２は、太陽光を透過しない部分である。不透過部９１及び９２は、外壁５から張り出した部分が存在する。透過部７は、例えば金網によって、網目を家畜の大きさよりも小さくして、家畜が通過して外に出ないようにすることができる。また、鳥インフルエンザ等を予防するため、アクリル板などを設置するようにしてもよい。 The roof 3 includes a transmission part 7 (an example of “transmission part” in the claims of the present application) and non-transmission parts 9 1 and 9 2 (an example of “non-transmission part” in the claims of the present application). The transmission part 7 is a part through which sunlight passes through the building 1. The transmitted sunlight shines at least in the area where the fruit tree 11 grows. The opaque parts 9 1 and 9 2 are parts that do not transmit sunlight. The impervious portions 9 1 and 9 2 have portions protruding from the outer wall 5. The transmission part 7 can make a mesh smaller than the size of livestock, for example with a wire mesh, and can prevent a livestock from passing out. In addition, an acrylic board or the like may be installed to prevent avian influenza or the like.

不透過部９１及び９2には、それぞれ、太陽光パネル１３１及び１３２（本願請求項の「光電変換手段」の一例）が存在する。太陽光パネル１３１及び１３２は、不透過部９１及び９２のうち、外壁５から張り出した部分にも、設置されている。 In the non-transmissive portions 9 1 and 9 2, there are solar panels 13 1 and 13 2 (an example of “photoelectric conversion means” in the claims of the present application), respectively. Solar panels 13 1 and 13 2, of the opaque portion 9 1 and 9 2, even overhanging portion from the outer wall 5 is installed.

例えば、透過部７を東西に連続して形成することにより、不透過部９１及び９２が存在しても、太陽光は、外壁５を透過したものも含めて果樹１１を育成する領域を射すことができる。このように、本願発明において、透過部７を、屋根３の一方の端から他方の端へ（東西に）連続して形成し、外壁５において、透過部７の下の部分は、光を透過するものとしてもよい。 For example, by forming continuously the transmission unit 7 in the east and west, even if there is opaque portion 9 1 and 9 2, sunlight, the region to develop the fruit 11 including the ones transmitted through the outer wall 5 You can shoot. In this way, in the present invention, the transmission part 7 is formed continuously from one end of the roof 3 to the other end (east and west), and the portion of the outer wall 5 below the transmission part 7 transmits light. It is good also as what to do.

また、屋根３は、南向きに傾斜させて、太陽光が植物育成領域に射しやすくなるとともに、太陽光発電の効率を上げるようにしてもよい。さらに、建造物１を複数設けることにより、大規模に発電して、スマートグリッドを実現することも可能になる。   Further, the roof 3 may be inclined toward the south so that sunlight can be easily radiated to the plant growing area and the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation can be increased. Furthermore, by providing a plurality of buildings 1, it is possible to generate electricity on a large scale and realize a smart grid.

図１（ｂ）は、建造物１の平面図である。果樹１１１及び１１２に太陽光が射すよう、透過部７が形成されている。不透過部９１及び９２には、それぞれ、太陽光パネル１３１及び１３２が存在する。 FIG. 1B is a plan view of the building 1. The transmission part 7 is formed so that sunlight may shine on the fruit trees 11 1 and 11 2 . Solar panels 13 1 and 13 2 are present in the opaque parts 9 1 and 9 2 , respectively.

図２は、本願発明に係る建造物が設置される土地の一例を示す図である。太陽光発電装置は、発電効率を高めるため、平坦な土地に隙間なく設置されるのが一般的である。しかしながら、そのような土地の形状のみに依存して設置場所を選定すると、設置可能な土地が限定される。例えば山の斜面等の土地に設置することは困難になる。   FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of land on which a building according to the present invention is installed. In order to increase power generation efficiency, solar power generation devices are generally installed on flat land without any gaps. However, if the installation location is selected depending only on the shape of such land, the land that can be installed is limited. For example, it becomes difficult to install on land such as mountain slopes.

本願発明に係る建造物は、土地の形状の変化を吸収して、太陽光発電を効率よく実現することが可能である。すなわち、図２にあるように、例えば段々畑のように、土地に高低差のある部分Ｌａと高低差のない部分Ｌｂ及びＬｃがあり、高低差のない部分Ｌｂ及びＬｃに植物を育成する領域を設ける。そうすると、土地の高低差のある部分Ｌａは、太陽光を照射しなくても、植物の育成に大きな影響はない。そのため、屋根において、高低差があり植物育成領域でない部分に対して照射する太陽光に対して、不透過部を設け、ここに太陽光発電装置を設け、太陽光発電するようにする。図２では、土地Ｌａの真上から土地Ｌａに対して照射する太陽光を考慮し、その上空の屋根の部分Ｒａを不透過部とし、ここで太陽光発電をする例を示している。 The building which concerns on this invention can absorb the change of the shape of land, and can implement | achieve photovoltaic power generation efficiently. That is, as in FIG. 2, for example as in the terraced fields, there is a portion L a and portions with no height difference L b and L c with a height difference in the land, plant part without L b and L c of height difference An area for nurturing is provided. Then, part L a with a height difference of the land, even without irradiated with sunlight, there is no significant impact on the development of the plant. Therefore, on the roof, a non-transparent portion is provided for sunlight radiated to a portion that has a height difference and is not a plant growing region, and a solar power generation device is provided here to perform solar power generation. In Figure 2, shows an example of considering sunlight irradiated from directly above the land L a with respect to the land L a, and the portion R a roof of the sky and the opaque portion, wherein the photovoltaic Yes.

そして、屋根の高低差ＨＲは、土地の高低差ＨＬよりも小さくすることにより、太陽光発電を効率よく実現する。すなわち、効率よい太陽光発電を実現するためには、太陽光発電装置が平面状に広がればよく、その土地の形状のみに依存するものではない。そこで、図２の建造物１５では、太陽光発電装置を設置する屋根が、平面状に広がるようにする。屋根に高低差を設ける場合には、屋根の形状を変更してもよく、また、例えば図２にあるように、高い屋根と低い屋根を設け、高い方の屋根の軒を利用して、軒の部分に不透過部を設けて太陽光発電装置を設置し、ここで太陽光発電を行うようにしてもよい。 The height difference H R roof, to be smaller than the height difference H L land, to achieve solar power efficiently. That is, in order to realize efficient solar power generation, it is sufficient that the solar power generation device expands in a planar shape, and it does not depend only on the shape of the land. Therefore, in the building 15 of FIG. 2, the roof on which the solar power generation device is installed spreads in a planar shape. When providing a difference in height on the roof, the shape of the roof may be changed. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, a high roof and a low roof are provided, and the eaves of the higher roof are used. A solar power generation device may be installed by providing a non-transparent portion in this portion, and solar power generation may be performed here.

１，１５ 建造物、３ 屋根、５ 外壁、７ 透過部、９１，９２ 不透過部、１１，１１１，１１２ 果樹、１３１，１３２ 太陽光パネル 1,15 buildings, 3 roof, 5 the outer wall, 7 transmitting unit, 9 1, 9 2 opacities, 11, 11 1, 11 2 fruit, 13 1, 13 2 solar panels

Claims (3)

屋根に太陽光を電力に変換する光電変換手段を備える建造物であって、
内部に植物を育成する植物育成領域が存在し、
前記屋根には、太陽光が内部に透過する透過部と透過しない不透過部があり、
前記光電変換手段は、前記不透過部に存在するものであり、
前記透過部を透過した太陽光は、前記植物育成領域に射す、建造物。 A building having photoelectric conversion means for converting sunlight into electric power on the roof,
There is a plant growing area that grows plants inside,
The roof has a transmission part through which sunlight passes and an impermeable part that does not transmit,
The photoelectric conversion means is present in the opaque portion,
The sunlight which permeate | transmitted the said permeation | transmission part shines on the said plant growth area | region. 屋根に太陽光を電力に変換する光電変換手段を備える建造物であって、
内部で、家畜を飼育するものであり、
前記屋根には、太陽光が内部に透過しない不透過部があり、
前記光電変換手段は、前記不透過部に存在するものであり、
外壁は、前記家畜が通過できないものである、建造物。 A building having photoelectric conversion means for converting sunlight into electric power on the roof,
It is for raising livestock inside,
The roof has an impermeable portion that does not allow sunlight to penetrate inside,
The photoelectric conversion means is present in the opaque portion,
The outer wall is a building that cannot pass the livestock. 当該建造物は、高低差のない部分と高低差のある部分とを含む土地上に建てられたものであり、
前記屋根の最も高い位置と最も低い位置の高さの差は、前記土地の最も高い位置と最も低い位置の差よりも小さいものであり、
前記光電変換手段は、前記土地の高低差のある部分に対して前記不透過部が透過させない太陽光を電力に変換する、請求項１又は２に記載の建造物。 The building was built on land that includes parts with no elevation difference and parts with elevation difference,
The difference in height between the highest position and the lowest position of the roof is smaller than the difference between the highest position and the lowest position of the land,
The said photoelectric conversion means is a building of Claim 1 or 2 which converts the sunlight which the said impervious part does not permeate | transmit with respect to the part with the height difference of the said land into electric power.
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