JPH08256614A - Field crop cultivation and light-screening cover for field crop - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a method of culturing crop plants and a light-screening cover for field crop cultivation by effectively utilizing the energy resources, namely light, heat and water and optimizing the comprehensive conditions for energy utilization. CONSTITUTION: This sun light-screening cover material comprises a latticework structure produced by intersecting a plurality of bands 2, 3 made of a thermoplastic synthetic resin crosswise and flexible solar cells are fitted to the upper surface of at least a part of the quadrate lattice spaces. In this method of culturing crop plant, the crop plants are covered with this sun light-screening material to reduce the direct solar radiation to a prescribed proportion and at least a part of the screened solar energy is converted to electric energy. This sun-screening clover and this method of culturing crop plants will contribute to the improvement of the production environments for crops, as a foodstuff for humankind, which has been started and developed in the temperate zone, and to the prevention of desertification of the globe, one of the international problems.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for cultivating crops and a light-shielding covering material for cultivating crops. More specifically, the present invention covers the upper surface of a cultivated area of crops to reduce the direct light amount to a certain ratio and to supply light energy shielded from light. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for cultivating agricultural crops and a light-shielding covering material for cultivating agricultural crops, which is provided with a function of converting into corn.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Agricultural crops are usually placed in a natural environment,
It is grown and produced using sunlight, temperature, water and soil nutrients as resources. All of these environmental factors are under the overwhelming control of the weather, their control and improvement are difficult, and they have always been regulated by weather changes.

[0003] Especially in a region where the amount of sunlight is high, or depending on the season when the amount of sunlight is high, the balance of temperature and moisture is directly affected, and in extreme cases, the growth and production of crops is hindered and the wind erosion of cultivated land is performed. There are many problems such as the promotion of land and expansion of non-reproducible land (desertification).

It is a well known fact that strong solar radiation raises temperature and soil temperature, promotes drying, and inhibits growth and production of plants.

In the low latitude tropical zone, the amount of solar radiation is high, the temperature is high and it is extremely dry, and it is difficult to expect normal growth and development of agricultural products that have evolved and originated from the temperate zone.

Even in the temperate zone, the tendency of warming has been recognized in recent years due to the change in the atmospheric environment of the earth, and the annual average temperature tends to increase, and in the continental part of the temperate zone. Desertification is progressing rapidly, and the countries concerned are at a loss for the measures.

As described above, the cultivation and production of agricultural products are always under the control of natural environmental factors, and it has been difficult to improve their control.

[0008] However, it cannot be considered that it is not always possible by artificially using energy, but since energy resources are often unevenly distributed in regions, what to seek for that energy resource? The problem is how to make effective use of the energy resources. Therefore, it is desirable to establish a method for cultivating and producing agricultural products in consideration of comprehensive energy measures.

[0009]

Therefore, the present invention contributes to the prevention of desertification, which has become an international problem, while improving the cultivation and production environment of agricultural products as human food resources that have evolved and originated from temperate regions. Providing a method for cultivating crops and a light-shielding covering material for cultivating crops, which effectively utilizes energy resources such as light, heat, and water, and prepares conditions for light, heat (temperature), and water to provide comprehensive energy measures. The purpose is to

[0010]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The above object is to provide a net-like body having a square lattice space obtained by vertically and horizontally crossing strips made of a thermoplastic synthetic resin on the upper surface of a crop cultivating area, and the strip-shaped body. Of a flexible solar cell fixed to at least a part of the upper surface of the agricultural chemicals covering at least a light-shielding covering material for crop cultivation to reduce the direct light amount to a predetermined ratio and to power the light energy shielded from light. It is achieved by a method for cultivating agricultural products, which is characterized in that

The above object can be more effectively achieved by a method for cultivating a crop, which is characterized in that water is pumped and irrigated with electric power obtained by converting light energy as described above.

Further, the above object is to provide a solar cell having flexibility on at least a part of an upper surface of a net-like body having a rectangular lattice space obtained by intersecting a plurality of thermoplastic synthetic resin-like strips vertically and horizontally. It is achieved by a light-shielding covering material for agricultural crops characterized by being adhered.

In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the thermoplastic synthetic resin strip is highly stretched in the machine direction, and the interior of the thermoplastic synthetic resin strip is Alternatively, a plurality of reinforcing threads are arranged in parallel on the surface, and the width of the thermoplastic synthetic resin band is 10 to 150 mm, and the plurality of band is 10 to 10 mm. It is installed side by side at intervals of 300 mm, and a plurality of other strips are intersected with 50 to 1000 m.
This means that they are arranged side by side at an interval of m, and each intersection is connected.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a net-like material used in the light-shielding covering material for agricultural crop cultivation of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a net-like body and 2
Is a strip of thermoplastic synthetic resin in the vertical direction, and 3 is a strip of thermoplastic synthetic resin in the horizontal direction. The net-like body 1 is obtained by intersecting the vertical strips 2, 2, 2, ... With the horizontal strips 3, 3, 3 ,. By the intersection of the strips 2 and 3, a plurality of square lattice spaces 4,
4, 4, ... Are formed.

As the thermoplastic synthetic resin, polyolefin such as polyethylene and polypropylene, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyester, polyamide or vinyl chloride can be used.

The strips 2 and 3 are preferably highly stretched in the longitudinal direction in order to increase the tensile strength.

Further, in the present embodiment, it is preferable that a plurality of reinforcing yarns are arranged side by side inside and / or on the surface of the belt-like body. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the reinforcing yarns 5 and 5 are arranged side by side. Then, it is preferable that this is formed into a band shape with another resin. As the reinforcing thread, polyethylene, polypropylene,
A highly stretched monofilament or spun yarn such as polyester or polyamide is used. Further, the plurality of reinforcing yarns may be arranged side by side inside the strip-shaped body as shown in the drawing, but may be arranged side by side on the surface or may be arranged side by side on both the inside and the surface.

The width of the strips 2 and 3 is preferably 10 to 150 mm, more preferably 30 to 60 mm, and the wall thickness is preferably 0.1 to 3.0 mm, more preferably 0.5. ~ 2.0 mm.

The net-like body 1 is preferably composed of the strip-like bodies 2 and 2 of preferably 10 to 300 mm, more preferably 30 to 10 mm.
The strips 3 and 3 are arranged side by side at an interval of 0 mm, and the other strips 3 are preferably arranged at an interval of 50 to 1000 mm, more preferably at an interval of 200 to 500 mm so as to intersect with each other, and the respective intersections are bonded or fused. It can be obtained by connecting with.

The lattice space 4 of the net-like body 1 obtained as described above is preferably 10 to 300 mm × 50 to 1
000 mm square shape, more preferably 30 to 100 mm
It has a square shape of × 200 to 500 mm. It is possible to calculate the light arrival rate to the ground based on the area of the lattice space. Note that the lattice space does not have to have a square shape in a strict sense, and may be a substantially square shape.

The width of the net-like body obtained as described above is preferably about 1500 to 3000 mm, and when a width greater than that is required, two or more net-like bodies may be laminated and used.

In the above embodiment, one net-like body 1 having a defined grid space area is obtained by connecting the intersections by adhesion, fusion, or the like. The area of can be changed freely.

In addition, in order to change the area of the lattice space according to the required light transmittance, it is possible to prepare a plurality of net-like bodies having different areas of the lattice space and superimpose them at different intersections. Is. The means for fixing the net-shaped bodies after they are overlapped is arbitrary.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 6 denotes a flexible solar cell. A flexible solar cell has been developed in recent years. As shown in FIG. 3, a solar cell module 60 is formed of a thin film of amorphous silicon on a synthetic resin film such as polyimide, and its upper and lower parts are weather resistant. A sandwich of protective films 61 and 62 can be used. In FIG. 3, reference numerals 63 and 63 'denote lead wires (electrodes), the lead wire 63 is a metal vapor deposition electrode of Al, Ag, Au or the like, and the lead wire 63' is a transparent conductive vapor deposition film.

As shown in FIG. 2, the flexible solar cell 6 is fixed to the upper surfaces of the strips 2 and / or 3 by adhering or fusing, but at least a part of the upper surface of the strips. It just needs to be fixed. That is, it is not necessary to be provided on the entire upper surface of the strip, but it may be provided on all or a part of the upper surface of the strip depending on the required power demand.

When fixed to the upper surface of the band-shaped body, it is preferable that the band-shaped member is fixed without sticking out into the lattice space so as not to block the transmitted light in the lattice space. When the required amount of transmitted light is extremely small and the demand for electric power is extremely large, the flexible solar cell 5 may fulfill the light-shielding function. It is also possible.

As described above, the flexible solar cell 6 is fixed to the upper surface of the net-shaped body 1 to obtain the light-shielding coating material. As shown in the figure, a plurality of piles 7, 7, ... Are erected in a grid pattern in a farm field, and a light-shielding covering material is spread on the piles 7 and 7 and fixed to the upper surface of the piles 7, 7. . The pile may be made of wood,
Steel frames can also be used.

For fixing to the upper surface of the piles 7, 7, ..., For example, as shown in FIG. 5, a means for fixing with a fixing member 8 such as nails or staples can be mentioned. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 6, a means may be provided in which a metal fitting 9 is provided on the upper portion of the pile 7 and the strips 2 and 3 are placed on the metal fitting 9 and then the block 10 is fitted therein to be locked. This is convenient when seasonal removal is required. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, eyelet fittings 11 may be provided at the intersections of the strips and the projections 12 provided at the tips of the piles 7 may be inserted. Not only is it convenient when seasonal removal is required, but another advantage of using the eyelet fitting 11 is that it is possible to fix the intersections of the strips 2 and 3 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, so that means such as welding is used. That is not necessary.

The power energy generated by the flexible solar cell 6 can be charged or used as it is as pump power to be used for irrigation.
For example, it is possible to introduce water from a water source such as groundwater or a foreign river into a cultivation site through an irrigation tube to supply water in a drip form from a stock source.

Further, by utilizing the present invention, not only activation of agricultural land but also in a rural area which is isolated from the modern social structure even in the presence of resources in a harsh natural environment,
There is a benefit that the solar cell itself functions as a direct power source.

Furthermore, in the present invention, in the cultivation environment of agricultural products,
It is possible to maintain conditions related to light, temperature, and water, and its operation can be carried out only during the daytime, and it is possible to eliminate the current electricity storage and backup generator, and it is thought that it will be profitable in terms of cost. To do.

[0034]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the cultivation and production environment of agricultural products as human food resources that have evolved and originated from temperate land and contribute to the prevention of desertification, which is an international problem. It is possible to provide a method for cultivating crops and a light-shielding covering material for cultivating crops, which makes effective use of energy resources such as water and water, enables the preparation of conditions for light, temperature, and water, and has comprehensive energy measures.

Further, the present invention comprehensively systemizes the adjustment of light and temperature and the securing of water, and enables the cultivation of crops even in a wasteland where desertification has progressed, by using the present invention.

Further, according to the present invention, strong sunlight is reduced by shading to reduce the ambient temperature and ground temperature, and at the same time, the electric power obtained by solar power generation is used to bring water from a water source such as groundwater or a foreign river to a cultivation place. Can be led and irrigated, so that
The photosynthetic efficiency can be increased, and an ideal cultivation method for agricultural crops can be provided.

Further, a rectangular lattice space is formed by the intersection of the strips in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and the light shielding area and the light transmittance can be easily calculated by this lattice space. Further, when the solar cell is provided on the entire surface of the strip, it is possible to predict the amount of power generated by the solar cell from the light-shielding area and the amount of solar radiation from the light transmittance by simple calculation, which facilitates planning and design.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a net-like body used for a light-shielding covering material for agricultural crop cultivation.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of an essential part showing an example of a light-shielding covering material for agricultural crop cultivation.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a main part showing an example of a flexible solar cell.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a main part showing an example of a spread state of a light-shielding covering material for agricultural crop cultivation.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of an essential part showing an example of a mounting state of a band-shaped body.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view of an essential part showing another example of the attachment state of the band-shaped body.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged perspective view of an essential part showing another example of the attachment state of the band-shaped body.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Net-shaped body 2: Horizontal strip-shaped body 3: Vertical strip-shaped body 4: Lattice space 5: Reinforcing yarn 6: Solar cell 7: Piles 8: Fixing member 9: Metal fitting 10: Block 11: Eyelet metal fitting 12: Protrusion

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A net-like body having a rectangular lattice space obtained by vertically and horizontally crossing a thermoplastic synthetic resin strip on the upper surface of a crop cultivated area, and at least a part of the upper surface of the strip. A light-shielding covering material for agricultural crops, which is at least constituted by a flexible solar cell having the above-mentioned flexibility, to reduce the amount of direct light to a predetermined ratio and to convert at least a part of the light energy shielded into electric power. A method for cultivating agricultural crops. 2. The method for cultivating a crop according to claim 1, wherein water is pumped up and irrigated with electric power obtained by converting light energy. 3. A flexible solar cell is fixed to at least a part of the upper surface of a net-like body having a rectangular lattice space obtained by intersecting a plurality of thermoplastic synthetic resin-like strips vertically and horizontally. A light-shielding covering material for agricultural crops characterized by being characterized by: 4. The light-shielding covering material for agricultural crop cultivation according to claim 3, wherein the strip made of the thermoplastic synthetic resin is highly stretched in the longitudinal direction. 5. The light-shielding covering material for agricultural crop cultivation according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of reinforcing threads are arranged in parallel inside and / or on the surface of the thermoplastic synthetic resin strip. 6. The width of the thermoplastic synthetic resin strip is
It is 10-150 mm, The claim 3, 4 characterized by the above-mentioned.
Alternatively, the light-shielding covering material for agricultural crops according to item 5. 7. A plurality of said strips are arranged side by side at an interval of 10 to 300 mm, another plurality of strips are arranged side by side at an interval of 50 to 1000 mm so as to intersect with each other, and each intersection is connected. The light-shielding covering material for agricultural crop cultivation according to claim 3, 4, 5, or 6.