JP2013506787A - 4サイクルディーゼルに用いる触媒およびその使用方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
【選択図】 なし
Description
本特許出願は、係属米国特許出願シリアル番号第12/572730号(2009年10月2日出願)の優先権を主張するものであり、その全体は参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
システムに用いられる適切なSCR触媒組成は、低い排気温度に典型的に伴う低負荷状態下でさえも、適正なレベルのNOxを処理できるように、600℃未満の温度でNOx成分を還元するのに効果的な触媒作用を有する。特定の実施形態では、250℃かつ約80000h−1の空間速度において、システムが少なくとも約25%のNOxを変換可能なSCR触媒が選択される。特定の実施形態では、これと同じ条件下でシステムが少なくとも約50%のNOxを変換可能なSCR触媒が選択される。さらに、一部の実施形態に従うシステムに用いられるSCR触媒組成は、粒子状物質の煤画分の燃焼温度を低くすることにより、フィルタの再生を助長できる。組成に関する他の所望の特性には、NH3が大気中に放出されないように、任意の過剰なNH3を利用してN2およびH20と02との反応に触媒作用を及ぼす能力がある。
本発明の実施形態に適切に用いられる壁流担体は、担体の縦軸に沿って延在する複数の微細な、略平行のガス流通路を有する。典型的には、各通路は担体本体の片側の端部において阻止される。代替的には、通路は反対側の端面において阻止される。このようなモノリシック構造のキャリアは、断面において平方インチごとに最大約400以上の流路(または「気泡」)を有し得る。ただし、流路ははるかに少なくてもよい。例えば、キャリアは平方インチごとに約100〜400、より一般的には約200〜300の気泡(「cpsi」)を有してもよい。気泡の断面は長方形、正方形、円形または他の多角形でもよい。通常、壁流担体の壁厚は0.01〜0.03インチの範囲である。特定の壁流担体の壁厚は0.012〜0.015インチの範囲である。
還元剤投与システムとも呼ばれる尿素噴射装置が4サイクル触媒の上流に配置され、排気流にNOx還元剤を注入する。米国特許第4963332号に開示されているように、触媒コンバータの上流および下流のNOxが検知され、上流および下流シグナルにより、パルスの投与弁が制御され得る。代替的な構造である米国特許第5522218号に開示されているシステムでは、還元剤噴射装置のパルス幅は、排気温度とエンジンの毎分回転数、伝動装置およびエンジン速度などのエンジンの運転条件との関数により制御される。米国特許第6415602号に開示されている還元剤パルス計測システムの記述も参照され、その全体は参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
酸化触媒は未燃ガスおよび不揮発性炭化水素(すなわち、VOF)並びに一酸化炭素を効果的に燃焼する任意の組成から生成され得る。排出処理システムに用いられ得る1つの特定の酸化触媒組成は、高表面積に分散する白金族成分(例えば、白金、パラジウムまたはロジウム成分)、ゼオライト成分(例えば、ベータゼオライト)と混合され得る耐火性酸化物担体(例えば、γ−アルミナ)を含む。特定の実施形態では、白金族金属成分は白金である。貫流ハニカム担体などの耐火性酸化物担体が含まれる組成では、白金濃度は、通常、約10〜120g/ft3である。
Claims (10)
- 通路を境界付けおよび画定する縦方向に延在する孔壁と、吸気端と排気端との間を延在する軸長とにより形成された複数の縦方向に延在する前記通路を有する壁流フィルタを備えている触媒品であって、
前記通路が、
前記吸気端において開かれており、前記排気端において閉じられている吸気通路と、
前記吸気端において閉じられており、前記排気端において開かれている排気通路と、
前記孔壁に配置されたSCR触媒組成と、
前記排気端から延在し、前記壁流フィルタの軸長よりも短い長さである前記排気通路の壁に配置された酸化触媒と、を備えていることを特徴とする触媒品。 - 前記排気端から始まり、前記壁流フィルタの軸長に沿って一部が延在するガス不浸透性領域をさらに備えている請求項1に記載の触媒品。
- 前記ガス不浸透性領域は前記酸化触媒により形成されている請求項2に記載の触媒品。
- 前記ガス不浸透性領域は、アルミナおよび白金族金属を含む組成から形成されている請求項2に記載の触媒品。
- 前記SCR触媒は前記孔壁に均一に浸透する請求項1に記載の触媒品。
- 前記酸化触媒は前記ガス不浸透性領域における前記排気通路の前記壁のみに実質的に配置されている請求項2に記載の触媒品。
- ディーゼルエンジンから出て、通路を境界付けおよび画定する縦方向に延在する孔壁と、吸気端と排気端との間を延在する軸長とにより形成された複数の縦方向に延在する前記通路を有する壁流フィルタを通って流れる排ガスを含有する、CO、炭化水素、NOx、および煤を含む希薄燃焼のディーゼル排気流を処理する方法であって、
前記通路が、前記吸気端において開かれており、前記排気端において閉じられている吸気通路と、前記吸気端において閉じられており、前記排気端において開かれている排気通路と、を備えており、
前記排ガス流は前記孔壁内に配置されたSCR触媒組成と接触し、その後、前記排気端から延在し、前記壁流フィルタの軸長よりも小さい長さの前記排気通路の壁に配置された酸化触媒と接触することを特徴とする方法。 - 前記壁流フィルタの軸長に沿って前記排気端から延在するガス不浸透性領域を備えている請求項7に記載の方法。
- エンジンの下流に位置する請求項1に記載の前記触媒品を含む、希薄燃焼のディーゼルエンジンから出た排ガスを処理するシステム。
- 前記触媒の上流に配置された尿素噴射装置をさらに備えている請求項9に記載のシステム。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/572,730 | 2009-10-02 | ||
US12/572,730 US8246922B2 (en) | 2009-10-02 | 2009-10-02 | Four-way diesel catalysts and methods of use |
PCT/US2010/051261 WO2011041769A2 (en) | 2009-10-02 | 2010-10-04 | Four-way diesel catalysts and methods of use |
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JP2016139708A Division JP2016211582A (ja) | 2009-10-02 | 2016-07-14 | 4元ディーゼル触媒およびその使用方法 |
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JP2013506787A true JP2013506787A (ja) | 2013-02-28 |
JP2013506787A5 JP2013506787A5 (ja) | 2015-04-02 |
JP6023590B2 JP6023590B2 (ja) | 2016-11-09 |
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JP2016139708A Pending JP2016211582A (ja) | 2009-10-02 | 2016-07-14 | 4元ディーゼル触媒およびその使用方法 |
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EP (1) | EP2483537B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP6023590B2 (ja) |
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CN (1) | CN102597447B (ja) |
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JP7174088B2 (ja) | 2015-03-30 | 2022-11-17 | ビーエーエスエフ コーポレーション | リーンエンジン排気のための端部被覆を有する触媒式フィルタ |
JP2021087951A (ja) * | 2015-03-30 | 2021-06-10 | ビーエーエスエフ コーポレーション | リーンエンジン排気のための端部被覆を有する触媒式フィルタ |
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JP7028871B2 (ja) | 2016-10-28 | 2022-03-02 | ジョンソン、マッセイ、パブリック、リミテッド、カンパニー | 部分的な表面コーティングを有する触媒ウォールフローフィルタ |
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JP2020533511A (ja) * | 2017-08-10 | 2020-11-19 | コーニング インコーポレイテッド | 微粒子フィルタ上のscr触媒膜 |
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EP2483537B1 (en) | 2018-08-29 |
CN102597447B (zh) | 2017-11-03 |
WO2011041769A2 (en) | 2011-04-07 |
EP2483537A4 (en) | 2015-03-18 |
KR101708961B1 (ko) | 2017-02-21 |
JP2016211582A (ja) | 2016-12-15 |
US20110078997A1 (en) | 2011-04-07 |
WO2011041769A3 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
BR112012007553A2 (pt) | 2016-11-29 |
US8246922B2 (en) | 2012-08-21 |
KR20120091164A (ko) | 2012-08-17 |
EP2483537A2 (en) | 2012-08-08 |
PL2483537T3 (pl) | 2019-02-28 |
JP6023590B2 (ja) | 2016-11-09 |
ES2699720T3 (es) | 2019-02-12 |
CN102597447A (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
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