JP2013500252A - 植物有害生物を防除するためのサルメンチンおよびその類似体の使用 - Google Patents
植物有害生物を防除するためのサルメンチンおよびその類似体の使用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
コショウ科のコショウ属は、主に熱帯地域で見られる約2000種を含む。この属の植物は、通常、多年生木質根を有する細長い芳香性のつる植物である。インドでは「pippali」および中国では「Bi Bo」として一般的に知られている果実は、香辛料として、およびピクルス中の保存料としても使用されている。これらは、家畜飼料としても使用されている。
N−(2E,4E−デカジエノイル)ピロリジン(サルメンチンとも呼ばれる)は、最初に、1987年にPiper sarmentosumの果実から[Likhitwitayawuid,K.、Ruangrungsi,N、Lange,GおよびDecicco,C.、Structural Elucidation and Synthesis of New Components isolated from Piper Samentosum、Tetrahedron 1987(43)3689〜3694]、1988年にPiper nigrumからも[Kiuchi,F.、Nakamura,N.、Tsuda,Y.、Kondo,K.およびYoshimura,H.Studies on Crude Drugs Effective on Visceral Larva Migrans.IV.Isolation and Identification of Larvicidal Principles in Pepper Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 1988(36):2452]分離され、1995年に最初に合成された[Bernabeu,M.、Chinchilla,R.およびNajera,C.、(2E,4E)−5−Tosyl−2,4−pentadienamides:New Dienic Sulfones for the Stereoselective Synthesis of (2E,4E)−Dienamide、Tetrahedron Letter、1995(36)3901〜3904]。サルメンチンは、光老化した皮膚を保護するインビボ皮膚抗酸化物質であり[Cornacchione,S.;Sadick,N.S;Neveu,M.;Talbourdet,S.;Lazou,K.;Viron,C.;Renimel,I.;de Queral,D.;Kurfurst,R.;Schnebert,S.;Heusele,C.;Andre,P.;Perrier E.In vivo skin antioxidant effect of a new combination based on a specific Vitis vinifera shoots extract and a biotechnological extract.J.Drugs in Dermatol.2007、6S、8〜13]、抗血小板凝集活性[Li,C.Y.;Tsai,W.;Damu,A.G.;Lee,E.J.;Wu,T.S.;Dung.N.X.;Thang,T.D.;Thanh,L.Isolation and identification of antiplatelet aggregatory principles from the leaves of Piper lolot、J.Agric.Food Chem.2007、55、9436〜9442]、抗マラリア原虫および抗マイコバクテリア活性[Tuntiwachwuttikul,P.;Phansa,P.;Pootaeng−on,Y.;Taylor,W.C.Chemical constituents of the roots of Piper Sarmentosum、Chem.Pharm.Bull.2006、54、149〜151]および抗結核活性[Rukachaisiriku,T.;Siriwattanakit,P.;Sukcharoenphol,K.;Wongvein,C.;Ruttanaweang,P.;Wongwattanavuch,P.;Suksamrarn,A.:Chemical constituents and bioactivity of Piper sarmentosum、J.Ethnopharmacol.、2004、93、173〜176]を示すことが分かった。サルメンチンは、化粧品および医薬品において疎水性化合物の可溶化剤として使用されている(Stephen,T.;Andrew,H.Compositions comprising macromolecular assembles of lipid surfactant、PCT公開番号第WO/2008/065451)。
式中、R2およびR3は、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、シクロアルキル、シクロアルケニル、芳香族、アリールアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、もしくはヘテロアリールである、またはR2+R3+Nは、3〜18個の原子、好ましくは5〜8個の原子からなるN含有複素環もしくはヘテロアリール環であってよい)
を有する、単離したサルメンチン類似体に関する。
本発明の方法で使用するサルメンチンおよび/またはその類似体は、以下の構造:
式中、R2およびR3は、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、シクロアルキル、シクロアルケニル、芳香族、アリールアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、またはヘテロアリールである;あるいはR2+R3+Nは、N含有複素環部分であってよい)を有する。
サルメンチンおよび/またはサルメンチン類似体含有除草剤組成物(あるいは、「製剤」とも呼ばれる)は、任意の形に製剤化することができる。非限定的な製剤の例としては、乳剤(EC)、水和剤(WP)、液剤(SL)、エアロゾル、超微量散布剤(ULV)、水溶剤(SP)、マイクロカプセル剤、顆粒水和剤、フロアブル剤(FL)、マイクロエマルジョン剤(ME)、ナノエマルジョン剤(NE)等が挙げられる。本明細書に記載の任意の製剤中、サルメンチンおよび/またはその類似体のパーセントは、0.01%〜99.99%の範囲内である。特定の実施形態では、製剤は、界面活性剤を含まなくてもよい。
リヒドロキシトリアジン(trihydroxytriazine);アトラジン(atrazine)、クロラジン(chlorazine)、シアナジン(cyanazine)、シプラジン(cyprazine)、エグリナジン(eglinazine)、イパジン(ipazine)、メソプラジン(mesoprazine)、プロシアジン(procyazine)、プログリナジン(proglinazine)、プロパジン(propazine)、セブチラジン(sebuthylazine)、シマジン(simazine)、テルブチラジン(terbuthylazine)、およびトリエタジン(trietazine)、アトラトン(atraton)、メトメトン(methometon)、プロメトン(prometon)、セクブメトン(secbumeton)、シメトン(simeton)、およびテルブメトン(terbumeton);アメトリン(ametryn)、アジプロトリン(aziprotryn)、シアナトリン(cyanatryn)、デスメトリン(desmetryn)、ジメタメトリン(dimethametryn)、メトプロトリン(methoprotryne)、プロメトリン(prometryn)、シメトリン(simetryn)、およびテルブトリン(terbutryn));トリアジノン系除草剤(例えば、アメトリジオン(ametridione)、アミブジン(amibuzin)、ヘキサジノン(hexazinone)、イソメチオジン(isomethiozin)、メタミトロン(metamitron)、およびメトリブジン(metribuzin));トリアゾロピリミジン系除草剤(例えば、クロランスラム(chloransulam)、ジクロスラム(diclosulam)、フロラスラム(florasulam)、フルメツラム(flumetsulam)、メトスラム(metosulam));尿素系除草剤(例えば、ベンズチアズロン(benzthiazuron)、クミルロン(cumyluron)、シクルロン(cycluron)、ジクロラルウレア(dichloralurea)、ジフルフェンゾピル(diflufenzopyr)、イソノルロン(isonoruron)、イソウロン(isouron)、メタベンズチアズロン(methabenzthiazuron)、モニソウロン(monisouron)、およびノルロン(noruron);アニスロン(anisuron)、ブツロン(buturon)、クロルブロムロン(chlorbromuron)、クロレツロン(chloreturon)、クロロトルロン(chlorotoluron)、クロロクスロン(chloroxuron)、ダイムロン(daimuron)、ジフェノクスロン(difenoxuron)、ジメフロン(dimefuron)、ジウロン(diuron)、フェヌロン(fenuron)、フルオメツロン(fluometuron)、フルオチウロン(fluothiuron)、イソプロツロン(isoproturon)、リヌロン(linuron)、メチウロン(methiuron)、メチルジムロン(methyldymron)、メトベンズロン(metobenzuron)、メトブロムロン(metobromuron)、メトクスロン(metoxuron)、モノリヌロン(monolinuron)、モヌロン(monuron)、ネブロン(neburon)、パラフルロン(parafluron)、フェノベンズロン(phenobenzuron)、シデュロン(siduron)、テトラフルロン(tetrafluron)、およびチジアズロン(thidiazuron);アミドスルフロン(amidosulfuron)、アジムスルフロン(azimsulfuron)、ベンスルフロン(bensulfuron)、クロリムロン(chlorimuron)、シクロスルファムロン(cyclosulfamuron)、エトキシスルフロン(ethozysulfuron)、フラザスルフロン(flazasulfuron)、フルセトスルフロン(flucetosulfuron)、フルピルスルフロン(flupyrsulfuron)、ホラムスルフロン(foramsulfuron)、ハロスルフロン(halosulfuron)、イマゾスルフロン(imazosulfuron)、メソスルフロン(mesosulfuron)、ニコスルフロン(nicosulfuron)、オルトスルハムロン(orthosulfamuron)、オキサスルフロン(oxasulfuron)、プリミスルフロン(primisulfuron)、ピラゾスルフロン(pyrazosulfuron)、リムスルフロン(rimsulfuron)、スルホメツロン(sulfometuron)、スルホスルフロン(sulfosulfuron)、およびトリフロキシスルフロン(trifloxysulfuron);クロルスルフロン(chlorsulfuron)、シノスルフロン(cinosulfuron)、エタメツルフロン(ethametsulfuron)、ヨードスルフロン(iodosulfuron)、メツルフロン(metsulfuron)、プロスルフロン(prosulfuron)、チフェンスルフロン(thifensulfuron)、トリアスルフロン(triasulfuron)、トリベヌロン(tribenuron)、トリフルスルフロン(triflusulfuron)、およびトリトスルフロン(tritosulfuron);ブチウロン(buthiuron)、エチジムロン(ethidimuron)、テブチウロン(tebuthiuron)、チアザフルロン(thiazafluron)、およびチジアズロン(thidiazuron))等が挙げられる。
本実施例では、乾燥ヒハツ(Piper longum L.)果実のメタノール抽出物が、ビブレタス(Lactuca sativa,L.)実生に対して植物毒性であることを示す結果を開示する。この抽出物を、生物学的検定により手引きされる単離に供し、1つの活性化合物を得た。活性化合物は、サルメンチンと呼ばれる既知の化合物と同定され、初めてP.longumから単離された。サルメンチンの植物毒性活性は、種々の作物、カヤツリグサ科草本、および雑草の実生で調査した。結果は、サルメンチンが接触性除草剤であり、広域スペクトル除草剤活性を有することを示した。異なる乾燥P.longum果実中のサルメンチンを、液体クロマトグラフィー質量分析により定量化し、ほぼ0〜0.57%にわたり劇的に変化することが分かった。さらに、次いで、一連のサルメンチン類似体を合成して、構造活性相関(SAR)を研究した。SAR研究の結果は、長鎖不飽和脂肪酸(すなわち、2E,4E−デカジエン酸)またはアミン(すなわち、ピロリジン)のいずれかが、活性のために極めて重要であるが、第二級アミンとのアミド結合が、サルメンチンの植物毒性活性に必要であると思われることを示した。
化学薬品:Sepra C18−E(50μMおよび60Å)ならびにシリカゲル吸着剤(70〜230メッシュサイズ)は、それぞれ、Phenomenex(登録商標)(Torrance、CA、USA)およびFisher Scientific(Fair Lawn、NJ、USA)から購入した。ポリオキシエチレン(20)ソルビタンモノラウレート(すなわち、Glycosperse O−20 KFG)およびラウリル硫酸ナトリウム(すなわち、SLS)は、それぞれ、Lonza Inc.(Allendale、NJ、USA)およびSpectrum Chemical Mfg. Corp.(New Brunswick、NJ、USA)から試供品として得た。シクロペンチルアミン、トランス−ケイ皮酸、エチルトランス−2−シス−4−デカジエノエート、ヘキサメチレンイミン、トランス−2−デセン酸、デカン酸、4−ジメチルアミノピリジンは、ACROS Organics(Morris Plains、New Jersey、USA)から購入する。他の全ての化学薬品は、試薬用であった。
生物学的検定により手引きされる精製:活性化合物を以下の手順により得た。最初の実験は、P.longum乾燥果実のメタノール抽出物の植物毒性活性を示した。5mg/mLにおいて、逆相C18カラムを使用した場合に、有効成分は100%メタノール溶出による分画中に存在し、他の分画中からは植物毒性活性は示されなかった(図示せず)。発明者等の次の実験では、酢酸エチル抽出物を、フラッシュシリカカラムに流した。溶出液を9つの分画として回収した(TLC表示に基づく)。1〜9の各々の分画の重量は、それぞれ、3.0、1.0、1.7、3.6、0.9、2.5、1.2、0.2、および2.3gであった。9つの分画の中の2つは、イヌビエに対して活性であった(図1)。合わせた2つの活性分画(すなわち、分画5と分画6、3.4g)を、シリカカラムに再度流し、活性化合物としてわずかに黄色がかった油を得た。この油を、−20℃でヘキサンおよび酢酸エチルの混合物中で再結晶化させて、室温で無色の油(0.83)として得た。
Claims (17)
- 植物および/またはその種子および/または前記植物を栽培するために使用する基質に、植物病原性感染症を調節するのに有効な一定量のサルメンチンおよび/またはサルメンチンと実質的に同じ活性を有するサルメンチン類似体を施用するステップを含む、植物の植物病原性感染症を調節する方法。
- 前記植物病原体が、植物病原性ウイルス、真菌、細菌、線虫、および昆虫からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記サルメンチンおよび/またはその類似体を、前記植物の収穫前に施用する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 雑草および/または基質に、前記基質中の単子葉または双子葉雑草の発芽を調節するのに有効な一定量のサルメンチンおよび/またはサルメンチンと実質的に同じ活性を有するサルメンチン類似体を施用するステップを含む、基質中の単子葉、カヤツリグサ科、または双子葉雑草の発芽を調節する方法。
- 前記雑草が、広葉雑草および/またはイネ科雑草である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記基質が、土壌、堆積物、人工栽培基質、または水である、請求項1または4に記載の方法。
- 前記雑草が、イネ雑草である、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記サルメンチンおよび/またはその類似体を、前記雑草の発芽前に前記基質に施用する、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記サルメンチン類似体が、
(a)
Xは、硫黄、リン、ホウ素、および炭素からなる群から選択され;
Yは、炭素、酸素、窒素、硫黄、ホウ素、およびリンからなる群から選択され;
R1は、水素、ヒドロキシル、ハロゲン、アルキル、アルコキシ、アルケニル、アルキニル、シクロアルキル、シクロアルケニル、芳香族、アリールアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、およびヘテロアリールからなる群から選択され;
R2は、水素、ヒドロキシル、ハロゲン、アルキル、アルコキシ、アルケニル、アルキニル、シクロアルキル、芳香族、アリールアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、およびヘテロアリールからなる群から選択され;
R3は、水素、ヒドロキシル、ハロゲン、アルキル、アルコキシ、アルケニル、アルキニル、シクロアルキル、芳香族、アリールアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、およびヘテロアリールからなる群から選択され;または
R2+R3+Yは、4〜50個の原子を含む環もしくはヘテロシクリル環である);
(b)
(c)
式中、R2およびR3は、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、シクロアルキル、シクロアルケニル、芳香族、アリールアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、ヘテロアリールである、またはR2+R3+Nは、N含有ヘテロシクリル環もしくはヘテロアリール環である)
からなる群から選択される構造を有する、請求項1から8に記載の方法。 - 以下の少なくとも1つである:(a)R2+R3+Y=ピロリジン、(b)Yが窒素である、(c)R1が−CH=CH−CH=CH−CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3である、(d)Xが炭素である、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記サルメンチン類似体が、N−(デカノイル)ピロリジン、N−(デセノイル)ピロリジン、N−(デカノイル)ピペリジン、N−(トランス−シンナモイル)ピロリジン、(2E,4Z−デカジエノイル)ピロリジン、N−(デセノイル)ピペリジン、(2E,4Z−デカジエノイル)ピペリジン、(2E,4Z−デカジエノイル)ヘキサメチレンイミン、N−(デセノイル)ヘキサメチレンイミン、N−(デカノイル)ヘキサメチレンイミン、デカン酸、および2E−デセン酸からなる群から選択される、請求項1から10に記載の方法。
- 前記サルメンチンまたはサルメンチン類似体が、コショウ科のコショウ属の種の仲間から得ることができる、請求項1から11に記載の方法。
- 雑草の発芽の調節に使用するための、および/または植物の植物病原性感染症の調節に使用するための、(a)1つもしくは複数のサルメンチンおよび/またはサルメンチンと実質的に同じ活性を有するサルメンチン類似体、ならびに(b)任意で1つもしくは複数の植物病原性剤および/または除草剤を含む組成物。
- 発芽前もしくは発芽後処理除草剤として、および/または抗植物病原性剤として使用するための組成物を調製するための、サルメンチンならびに/あるいは(a)サルメンチンと実質的に同じ活性、および(b)任意で1つもしくは複数の植物病原性剤および/または除草剤を有するサルメンチン類似体の使用。
- 以下の構造
式中、R2およびR3は、アルキル、アルケニル、アルキニル、シクロアルキル、シクロアルケニル、芳香族、アリールアルキル、ヘテロシクリル、ヘテロアリールである;またはR2+R3+Nは、N含有ヘテロシクリル部分もしくはヘテロアリール部分である)
を有する単離したサルメンチン類似体。 - 以下の少なくとも1つである:(a)R1がC4〜C20アルキルまたはアルケニル部分である、(b)R2+R3+Nが、3〜8個の原子を含むN含有ヘテロシクリル環またはヘテロアリール環である、請求項15に記載の類似体。
- (2E,4Z−デカジエノイル)ピロリジン;(2E,4Z−デカジエノイル)ヘキサメチレンイミン、およびN−(デセノイル)ヘキサメチレンイミンからなる群から選択される単離したサルメンチン類似体。
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JP2016515108A (ja) * | 2013-03-15 | 2016-05-26 | シンジェンタ パーティシペーションズ アーゲー | 除草組成物およびその使用方法 |
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