JP2013234336A - 燃料中の金属の溶出を減少させるための添加剤 - Google Patents
燃料中の金属の溶出を減少させるための添加剤 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明は、燃料添加剤、燃料添加剤組成物および燃料組成物、さらに内燃機関に燃料を供給して燃料に溶出する金属を減少させる方法に関する。この場合、本発明の組成物は、酸型の少なくとも2つのカルボキシ官能基、または無水物型の少なくとも1つのカルボキシ官能基で置換された炭化水素を含む。燃料組成物に見られる金属溶出量を減少させる燃料添加剤、燃料添加剤組成物および燃料組成物が見出された。本発明は、そうした組成物だけでなく、燃料組成物中の汚染金属の溶出、たとえば亜鉛の溶出を減少させる方法も提供する。
【選択図】なし
Description
例えば、本発明は、以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1)
燃料組成物中に酸化金属が溶出する量を減少させる方法であって:
酸型の少なくとも2つのカルボキシ官能基、または無水物型の少なくとも1つのカルボキシ官能基で置換された炭化水素を含む添加剤を前記燃料組成物に加える工程
を含む、方法。
(項目2)
前記置換炭化水素はヒドロカルビル置換アシル化剤であり、二酸官能性を有する、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目3)
前記置換炭化水素はコハク酸アシル化剤である、項目1に記載の方法。
(項目4)
溶出が減少される前記酸化金属は銅、亜鉛、鉄またはこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、項目1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。
(項目5)
前記置換炭化水素の前記ヒドロカルビル基はポリイソブチレンを含む、項目1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法。
(項目6)
前記置換炭化水素剤は:
(a)ヒドロカルビル置換コハク酸無水物;
(b)加水分解されたヒドロカルビル置換コハク酸無水物;
(c)これらの組み合わせ
からなる群から選択される、項目1〜5のいずれかに記載の方法。
(項目7)
前記燃料組成物は抗乳化剤、消泡剤、低温流動剤(cold flow agent)、分散剤/清浄剤添加剤またはこれらの組み合わせをさらに含み;
前記燃料は、酸化金属を含む固体材料に長時間接触させたままにしておくと、前記金属が0.5ppmを超えるレベルまで溶出しやすい
項目1に記載の方法。
(項目8)
前記分散剤/清浄剤添加剤はスクシンイミド分散剤、第四級アンモニウム塩またはこれらの組み合わせを含む、項目7に記載の方法。
(項目9)
前記燃料組成物はディーゼル燃料、バイオディーゼルまたはこれらの組み合わせを含む、項目1〜8のいずれかに記載の方法。
(項目10)
前記燃料組成物は燃料添加剤組成物である、項目1〜9のいずれかに記載の方法。
(項目11)
前記方法はさらに、前記方法の前記燃料組成物が使用されるエンジンのインジェクターデポジットを減少させる、項目1〜10のいずれかに記載の方法。
(項目12)
燃料組成物であって:
(a)燃料;
(b)酸型の少なくとも2つのカルボキシ官能基、または無水物型の少なくとも1つのカルボキシ官能基で置換された炭化水素を含む添加剤;および
(c)任意の他の性能添加剤
を含む、燃料組成物。
(項目13)
燃料添加剤組成物であって:
(a)任意の溶剤;
(b)酸型の少なくとも2つのカルボキシ官能基、または無水物型の少なくとも1つのカルボキシ官能基で置換された炭化水素を含む添加剤;および
(c)任意の他の性能添加剤
を含む、燃料添加剤組成物。
(項目14)
燃料組成物中に酸型の少なくとも2つのカルボキシ官能基、または無水物型の少なくとも1つのカルボキシ官能基で置換された炭化水素を含ませて前記燃料組成物に酸化金属が溶出する量を減少させる、燃料添加剤の使用であって、前記添加剤を含む燃料組成物が使用されるエンジンのインジェクターデポジットの形成をさらに任意に減少させる、使用。
本発明は、燃料添加剤、燃料添加剤組成物、燃料組成物、および内燃機関に燃料を供給する方法に関する。本発明は、金属溶出(metal−pick)を減少させる方法を提供し、いくつかの実施形態では、燃料組成物中の亜鉛溶出、いくつかの実施形態では、内燃機関の運転中に亜鉛溶出を減少させる方法を提供する。
本発明の置換炭化水素系添加剤は、酸型の少なくとも2つのカルボキシ官能基、または無水物型の少なくとも1つのカルボキシ官能基で置換された炭化水素を含む。いくつかの実施形態では、この添加剤は、酸型または無水物型の少なくとも2つのカルボキシ官能基で置換された炭化水素である。他の実施形態では、添加剤は、ヒドロカルビル置換コハク酸アシル化剤である。他の実施形態では、置換炭化水素系添加剤は、ダイマー酸化合物である。なお他の実施形態では、本発明の置換炭化水素系添加剤は、このセクションに記載する2種以上の添加剤の組み合わせを含む。
et al.);同第3,215,707号(Rense);同第3,219,666号(Norman et al);同第3,231,587号(Rense);同第3,912,764号(Palmer);同第4,110,349号(Cohen);および同第4,234,435号(Meinhardt et al);および英国特許第1,440,219号が挙げられる。これらの特許の開示内容を参照によって本明細書に援用する。
本発明の燃料添加剤組成物は上述の燃料添加剤を含み、さらに溶剤および/または1種または複数種の追加の性能添加剤も含む。こうした添加剤組成物は、添加剤コンセントレートおよび/またはコンセントレートとも呼ばれ、添加剤組成物を添加していない燃料に加えて燃料組成物を調製するのに使用していてもよい。
本発明の燃料組成物は上述の燃料添加剤および液体燃料を含むものであり、内燃機関に燃料を供給する際に有用である。また、燃料は上述の添加剤組成物の成分でもよい。
本発明の添加剤組成物および燃料組成物は、1種または複数種の他の性能添加剤をさらに含んでいてもよい。追加の性能添加剤は、内燃機関の種類およびそのエンジンに使用されている燃料の種類、燃料の品質およびエンジンが運転される使用条件などいくつかの要因に応じて燃料組成物に加えてもよい。
不飽和一価カルボン酸と反応するオレフィンポリマーとしては、C2〜C20、たとえばC2〜C5モノオレフィンを主要なモル量で含むポリマーを挙げることができる。こうしたオレフィンとして、エチレン、プロピレン、ブチレン、イソブチレン、ペンテン、オクテン−1またはスチレンがある。こうしたポリマーは、ポリイソブチレンなどのホモポリマー、さらにはエチレンとプロピレン;ブチレンとイソブチレン;プロピレンとイソブチレンとのコポリマーなど2つ以上のこうしたオレフィンのコポリマーであってもよい。他のコポリマーとしては、少ない(minor)モル量の、たとえば1〜10モル%のコポリマーのモノマーがC4〜C18ジオレフィンであるコポリマー、たとえばイソブチレンとブタジエンとのコポリマー;またはエチレン、プロピレンおよび1,4−ヘキサジエンのコポリマーなどがある。
−(H)C=C(R2)(R2) (II)
式中、R2はヒドロカルビル基であり、いくつかの実施形態では2つのR2基はメチル基であり、
−(H)(R3)C(C(CH3)=CH2) (III)
式中、R3はヒドロカルビル基である。
(R4C(O)(R5)nC(O))R4 (IV)
および
一実施形態では、本発明は液体燃料に、および/または圧縮点火機関または火花点火式機関のいずれの内燃機関の運転に有用である。内燃機関は、ガソリン、ディーゼル、天然ガス、混合ガソリン/アルコールまたは上記のセクションに記載した燃料のいずれかを供給する2サイクルまたは4サイクル機関を含む。圧縮点火機関は、ライトデューティーディーゼルエンジンとヘビーデューティーディーゼルエンジンとを含む。火花点火式機関は、ポート噴射ガソリンエンジンおよび直接噴射ガソリンエンジンを含む。
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- 明細書中に記載の発明。
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JP2013172919A Withdrawn JP2013234336A (ja) | 2008-10-10 | 2013-08-23 | 燃料中の金属の溶出を減少させるための添加剤 |
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AU2011256486B2 (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2016-11-17 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Methods and compositions that provide detergency |
WO2011159764A1 (en) * | 2010-06-15 | 2011-12-22 | Champion Technologies, Inc. | Inhibiting stress corrosion cracking of metal exposed to moderate to high concentrations of ethanol |
CA2802516A1 (en) * | 2010-06-15 | 2011-12-22 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Methods of removing deposits in oil and gas applications |
US8668749B2 (en) | 2010-11-03 | 2014-03-11 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Diesel fuel additive |
EP2912148A1 (en) | 2012-10-23 | 2015-09-02 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Diesel detergent without a low molecular weight penalty |
CN105008496A (zh) * | 2013-03-07 | 2015-10-28 | 路博润公司 | 耐离子腐蚀抑制剂和用于燃料的抑制剂组合 |
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2009
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- 2009-10-01 CN CN201710063619.0A patent/CN106753620A/zh active Pending
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