JP2013204294A - Ventilation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ventilation system capable of achieving energy saving by excellent heat insulation performance and improving air quality by introducing fresh air into a room while realizing reduction of heat loss at the time of evacuation.SOLUTION: A ventilation system comprises: an inorganic foam 2A provided in a first room A and partitioning it into an outdoor space WC and a first indoor space WA so as to be ventilatable therebetween; an inorganic foam 2B provided in a second room B and partitioning it into an outdoor space WC and a second indoor space WB so as to be ventilatable therebetween; air blowers 8A, 8B capable of switching the direction of ventilation between the first indoor space WA and the second indoor space WB, and reducing the air pressure in the indoor space which is a ventilation source of air to below that in the outdoor space WC and increasing the air pressure in the indoor space of a ventilation destination to above that in the outdoor space WC; and a ventilation control part 100 for switching the ventilation from the first indoor space WA to the second indoor space WB and the ventilation from the second indoor space WB to the first indoor space WA in the air blowers 8A, 8B at a predetermined timing.

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilation system that ventilates a room while reducing heat loss during exhaust.

  At present, the need for energy saving is increasing as depletion of fossil fuels, air pollution due to the use of large amounts of fossil fuels, and global warming due to carbon dioxide have become major social problems. Above all, the energy consumption in houses and buildings is rising as the tendency to desire a comfortable living space using air conditioning is increasing, so energy saving is required by highly insulating and airtight building. On the other hand, in a space sealed by high insulation and high airtightness, the air quality deteriorates due to daily activities, so planned ventilation is required for highly insulated and airtight buildings, and both functions are combined. Design and materials are needed.

  Conventionally, in general ventilation, a method of providing a ventilation opening on a wall has been the mainstream, but heat loss is caused by ventilation. One method for solving this problem is to install a heat exchanger in the ventilation port to reduce heat loss during exhaust. However, this apparatus has a low heat recovery capability and a small ventilation opening opened in the wall, so that the air flow becomes local and it is difficult to ventilate every corner of the room.

  Under such circumstances, a dynamic thermal insulation method capable of planned ventilation while simultaneously reducing thermal energy loss has been studied. In this dynamic heat insulation method, the room is depressurized, heat is exchanged in the heat insulating material in the process of supplying the outside air to the room through the air-permeable heat insulating material, and the heat transferred from the room to the heat insulating material is recovered. Is the method. In this method, the air introduced into the room through the heat insulating material is fresh, and it is possible to uniformly ventilate the entire room by introducing outside air from the whole heat insulating material instead of a small ventilation port. A reduction in rate can be realized. Such a configuration in which ventilation is performed using a dynamic thermal insulation method is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.

JP 2006-77539 A

  However, in the configuration described in Patent Document 1, since the indoor air is decompressed by exhausting the indoor air to the outdoors, the heat loss in the process of exhausting the indoor air is large, and the heat recovery of the entire room There is a problem that the ability is reduced.

  Therefore, the present invention solves such problems of the prior art, and can achieve energy saving by excellent heat insulation performance in the interior of buildings such as buildings, houses, warehouses, etc. It aims at providing the ventilation system which can implement | achieve the improvement of the air quality by introduction | transduction, and reduction of the heat loss at the time of exhaust.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a ventilation system that ventilates a first room and a second room, and is provided in the first room, and partitions the outdoor space and the indoor space of the first room so as to allow ventilation. The first inorganic foam, the second inorganic foam provided in the second chamber and partitioning the outdoor space and the indoor space of the second chamber so as to allow ventilation, and the indoor space of the first chamber to the second chamber It is possible to switch the air blowing to the indoor space and the air blowing from the indoor space of the second chamber to the indoor space of the first chamber, and the indoor space from which the air is blown is used as the outdoor space of the first chamber And a blower that depressurizes the outdoor space of the second chamber more than the outdoor space of the first chamber and the outdoor space of the second chamber, and the first space from the indoor space of the first chamber in the blower. The air flow to the indoor space of the two rooms and the air flow from the indoor space of the second room to the indoor space of the first room are predetermined. Characterized in that it and a blower control unit for switching in ring.

  In this invention, by operating the blower, air moves between the first chamber and the second chamber, and one of the indoor space of the first chamber and the indoor space of the second chamber becomes a decompression space, and the other It becomes a pressurized space. The pressurized space has a pressure higher than the air pressure of the outdoor space of the first chamber and the outdoor space of the second chamber, and the decompressed space is higher than the air pressure of the outdoor space of the first chamber and the outdoor space of the second chamber. Has a low pressure.

  Among the indoor space of the first chamber and the indoor space of the second chamber, in the pressurized space, the indoor air is exhausted to the outside through the inorganic foam on the pressurized space side. Heat is exchanged with the body, and heat is stored in the inorganic foam. In the pressurized space, air from the reduced pressure space is introduced by a blower.

  On the other hand, in the decompression space, outside air (air outside the first chamber and the second chamber) is supplied into the room through the inorganic foam on the decompression space side. At this time, the heat transferred from the room to the inorganic foam is heat-exchanged with the air flowing through the inorganic foam, and the heat transferred from the room to the inorganic foam can be recovered. That is, by taking outside air through the inorganic foam in the decompression space, the outside air that passes through the inorganic foam can be made to be the same as or similar to the temperature in the decompression space, and fluctuations in temperature in the decompression space can be suppressed. Can do. At the same time, high fresh air quality can be maintained in the decompression space by introducing fresh outside air into the room.

  In the pressurized space, the heat of indoor air is heat-exchanged to the inorganic foam on the pressurized space side, and heat is stored in the inorganic foam. If this state continues for a long time, the heat exceeding the heat capacity of the inorganic foam is exceeded. Is released outside and loses heat. Then, the ventilation control part switches the direction of the ventilation by a blower, and the space which was the pressurization space is switched to the decompression space among the indoor space of the first chamber and the indoor space of the second chamber. In the decompression space switched from the pressurization space, when the outside air is supplied into the room through the inorganic foam, the heat stored in the inorganic foam is exchanged with the outside air and taken into the air. And the heat recovery capability of the entire second chamber can be increased. In this way, by switching between the pressurized space and the decompressed space, fresh outside air can be taken into the room in any space, and high air quality is achieved in the whole indoor space of the first chamber and the second chamber. It can also be maintained.

  In addition, since the inorganic material that is the material of the first and second inorganic foams has high hydrophilicity, moisture can be held inside the material by adsorption or the like. Moisture moves when the air moves from the room to the room and from the room to the room through the first and second inorganic foams, thus preventing dew condensation from occurring inside the first and second inorganic foams. You can also.

  Moreover, since the first and second inorganic foams are formed in a shape having a plurality of minute spaces called foams, the material itself becomes light, and a panel shape can be obtained. Therefore, handling property and workability are significantly improved as compared with the fibrous material. Furthermore, the light weight leads to a reduction in the weight of the building and increases the earthquake resistance. Furthermore, when the outside air passes through the first and second inorganic foams, the contaminants contained in the outside air are removed by the first and second inorganic foams, and the effect of the filter can also be expected.

  As described above, in buildings such as buildings, houses, warehouses, etc., energy can be saved with excellent heat insulation performance, improving air quality by introducing fresh air into the room, and reducing heat loss during exhaust. Reduction can be realized.

  In addition, the first chamber and the second chamber are adjacent to each other, and the blower is provided in a partition material that partitions the first chamber and the second chamber, and blows air through an opening provided in the partition material. It is preferable. In this case, air can be easily blown from one room to the other room through the opening provided in the partition member. Further, since the first chamber and the second chamber are adjacent to each other, heat loss when air is moved from one room to the other can be reduced.

In addition, at least one of the first inorganic foam and the second inorganic foam has an air permeability of 5 × 10 ^{−4 to 1} m ² h ⁻¹ Pa ⁻¹ and a thermal conductivity of 0.02. It is preferable that it is -0.1W / mK. When the air permeability becomes less than 5 × 10 ⁻⁴ m ² h ⁻¹ Pa ⁻¹ , the outside air is passed through the inorganic foam on the decompression space side in the decompression space among the interior space of the first chamber and the interior space of the second chamber. On the other hand, it becomes difficult to exhaust indoor air through the inorganic foam on the pressurized space side in the pressurized space, and a high ventilation effect cannot be obtained. Moreover, if the air permeability exceeds ¹ m ² h ⁻¹ Pa ⁻¹ , the amount of air that passes through the inorganic foam increases so much that heat loss to the outside increases in the pressurized space, and the outside air is inorganic in the decompressed space. There is not enough time for heat exchange with the foam, and the heat recovery rate of the entire first chamber and second chamber is reduced. Also, if the thermal conductivity exceeds 0.1 W / mK, the amount of heat that escapes to the outside through the first and second inorganic foams increases, so the heat recovery rate of the entire first and second chambers decreases. To do. The lower limit of the thermal conductivity of the first and second inorganic foams of the present invention is preferably 0.02 W / mK in view of practical use. Therefore, at least one of the first inorganic foam and the second inorganic foam has an air permeability of 5 × 10 ^{−4 to 1} m ² h ⁻¹ Pa ⁻¹ and a thermal conductivity of 0.02 The optimal ventilation effect and heat recovery effect can be obtained by setting it to ˜0.1 W / mK.

  Moreover, it is preferable that a ventilation control part controls the ventilation volume of a fan variably. In this case, in accordance with the upper and lower layers of the first chamber and the second chamber, the size of the indoor space, the climate, the temperature, etc., the amount of air that can be supplied and exhausted through the inorganic foam is adjusted to a predetermined value, The heat recovery rate of the whole room can be improved.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the heat capacity of at least one of the first inorganic foam and the second inorganic foam is 2 to 40 Kcal / ° C. If the heat capacity is less than 2 kcal / ° C., the amount of heat that can be retained is small, so that heat transferred to the inorganic foam in the pressurized space can be stored in the indoor space of the first chamber and the indoor space of the second chamber. Inability to do so increases heat loss. If the heat capacity exceeds 40 kcal / ° C., the ability to retain heat is too high, so that heat exchange with the air introduced from the outside air into the inorganic foam in the reduced pressure space cannot be performed effectively. Therefore, the optimal heat recovery effect can be obtained by setting the heat capacity of at least one of the first inorganic foam and the second inorganic foam to 2 to 40 Kcal / ° C.

  According to the present invention, in a room of a building such as a building, a house, or a warehouse, it is possible to realize energy saving by excellent heat insulation performance, and at the same time as improving air quality by introducing fresh air into the room, heat loss during exhaust Can be reduced.

It is a top view (horizontal direction sectional view) of the 1st room and the 2nd room to which the ventilation system concerning an embodiment is applied. It is sectional drawing along the II-II line in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the circuit structure of the control system in a ventilation system. It is a top view (horizontal direction sectional view) of the 1st room and the 2nd room in an example. It is sectional drawing along the VV line in FIG.

  Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a ventilation system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1-3, the ventilation system 1 of this embodiment performs ventilation in the interior space W of the building Y, 2A of inorganic foams (1st inorganic foam), and an inorganic foam (Second inorganic foam) 2B, side organic heat insulating materials 3 and 4, lower organic heat insulating material 5, upper organic heat insulating material 6, partition material 7, blowers 8A and 8B, and air blow control unit 100 It is comprised including. The inorganic foams 2A and 2B and the side organic heat insulating materials 3 and 4 form an outer wall surrounding the outer periphery of the building Y.

  The inorganic foams 2A and 2B and the side organic heat insulating materials 3 and 4 each have a plate shape. The inorganic foam 2A and the inorganic foam 2B are arranged to face each other, and the side organic heat insulating material 3 and the side organic heat insulating material 4 are arranged to face each other. A rectangular frame-like wall portion surrounding the side portion of the internal space W is formed by connecting the side portions of the inorganic foams 2A and 2B and the side organic heat insulating materials 3 and 4 to each other. The side organic heat insulating materials 3 and 4 are disposed so as to sandwich the inorganic foams 2A and 2B, and the flat portions of the side organic heat insulating materials 3 and 4 are disposed on the side end surfaces of the inorganic foams 2A and 2B. It is in contact.

  The lower organic heat insulating material 5 and the upper organic heat insulating material 6 each have a plate shape. The lower organic heat insulating material 5 covers the openings of the inorganic foams 2A and 2B and the side organic heat insulating materials 3 and 4 arranged in a square frame shape from the lower side. In addition, the plane part of the lower organic heat insulating material 5 is in contact with the lower end faces of the inorganic foams 2A and 2B and the side organic heat insulating materials 3 and 4 arranged in a square frame shape. The upper organic heat insulating material 6 covers the openings of the inorganic foams 2A and 2B and the side organic heat insulating materials 3 and 4 arranged in a square frame shape from above. In addition, the plane part of the upper organic heat insulating material 6 is in contact with the upper end surfaces of the inorganic foams 2A and 2B and the side organic heat insulating materials 3 and 4 arranged in a square frame shape.

  In the internal space W surrounded by the inorganic foams 2A and 2B, the side organic heat insulating materials 3 and 4, the lower organic heat insulating material 5, and the upper organic heat insulating material 6, so as to face the inorganic foams 2A and 2B. A partition material 7 is arranged. Thereby, in the building Y, the first chamber A surrounded by the inorganic foam 2A, the side organic heat insulating materials 3 and 4, the organic heat insulating materials 5 and 6, and the partition material 7, the inorganic foam 2B, and the side organic heat insulating material A second chamber B surrounded by the materials 3 and 4, the organic heat insulating materials 5 and 6, and the partition material 7 is formed.

  The partition member 7 has an opening 7 a that communicates with the indoor space of the first chamber A (hereinafter referred to as “first indoor space”) WA and the indoor space of the second chamber B (hereinafter referred to as “second indoor space”) WB. Is provided. In addition, the member which comprises the partition material 7 will not be restrict | limited, if the inside of the 1st chamber A and the 2nd chamber B can be made into a pressurization space and a pressure reduction space. For example, a partition wall or a door (door) is used as the partition member 7.

  In the process of forming the first chamber A and the second chamber B, the joint portion of each member is sealed with an airtight sealing agent so that heat and air do not leak.

  The inorganic foam 2A partitions the first indoor space WA of the first chamber A and the outdoor space WC located outside the first chamber A and the second chamber B so as to allow ventilation. The inorganic foam 2B partitions the second indoor space WB of the second chamber B and the outdoor space WC located outside the first chamber A and the second chamber B so as to allow ventilation. The inorganic foams 2A and 2B are not limited as long as they have air permeability and can exchange heat. For example, as the material of the inorganic foams 2A and 2B, foamed glass, cellular concrete, lightweight cellular concrete, foamed alumina, foamed calcium carbonate, or the like can be used. In particular, as the material of the inorganic foams 2A and 2B, it is more preferable to use lightweight cellular concrete because it is a non-combustible material and is inexpensive.

The range of the air permeability of the inorganic foams 2A and 2B is 5 × 10 ^{−4 to 1} m ² h ⁻¹ Pa ⁻¹ , preferably 1 × 10 ^{−3 to} 0.5 m ² h ⁻¹ Pa ⁻¹ . Preferably, it is 5 × 10 ^{−3 to} 0.1 m ² h ⁻¹ Pa ⁻¹ . When the air permeability becomes less than 5 × 10 ⁻⁴ m ² h ⁻¹ Pa ⁻¹ , the inorganic foam in the decompressed space out of the first indoor space WA of the first chamber A and the second indoor space WB of the second chamber B It becomes difficult to supply the air in the outdoor space WC (hereinafter referred to as “outside air”) to the room through 2A and 2B, while exhausting the indoor air to the outdoor space WC through the inorganic foams 2A and 2B in the pressurized space. It becomes difficult to do, and high ventilation effect is not obtained. Further, if the air permeability exceeds ¹ m ² h ⁻¹ Pa ⁻¹ , the amount of air that passes through the inorganic foams 2A and 2B becomes excessive, and in the pressurized space, heat loss to the outdoor space WC increases. In the decompression space, it is not possible to take sufficient time for the outside air to exchange heat with the inorganic foams 2A and 2B, and the heat recovery rates of the first chamber A and the second chamber B as a whole are reduced.

  The range of the thermal conductivity of the inorganic foams 2A and 2B is 0.02 to 0.1 W / mK, preferably 0.02 to 0.08 W / mK, more preferably 0.02 to 0.06 W. / MK. When the thermal conductivity exceeds 0.1 W / mK, the amount of heat that escapes to the outdoor space WC through the inorganic foams 2A and 2B increases, so the heat recovery rate of the first chamber A and the second chamber B as a whole decreases. . In view of practical use, the lower limit of the thermal conductivity of the inorganic foams 2A and 2B is preferably 0.02 W / mK.

  Moreover, the range of the heat capacity of the inorganic foams 2A and 2B is 2 to 40 kcal / ° C, and more preferably 3 to 30 kcal / ° C. If the heat capacity is less than 2 kcal / ° C., the amount of heat that can be retained is small, and therefore the inorganic foam 2A in the pressurized space among the first indoor space WA of the first chamber A and the second indoor space WB of the second chamber B. , 2B cannot be stored and heat loss increases. If the heat capacity exceeds 40 kcal / ° C., the ability to retain heat is too high, so that heat exchange with the air introduced from the outside air into the inorganic foams 2A and 2B cannot be performed effectively in the reduced pressure space.

  The blowers 8 </ b> A and 8 </ b> B are attached around the opening 7 a of the partition member 7. The blower 8A blows air from the second indoor space WB of the second chamber B to the first indoor space WA of the first chamber A. The blower 8A includes a damper 18A and a fan 19A. The fan 19A blows the air in the second indoor space WB of the second chamber B to the first chamber A side through the opening 7a by rotating operation. The damper 18A performs air flow between the first chamber A and the second chamber B in the blower 8A and shuts off the flow by performing an opening / closing operation. Sometimes cut off air flow.

  The blower 8B blows air from the first indoor space WA of the first chamber A to the second indoor space WB of the second chamber B, similarly to the blower 8A. The blower 8B includes a damper 18B and a fan 19B. The fan 19B blows air in the first indoor space WA of the first chamber A to the second chamber B side through the opening 7a by a rotating operation. The damper 18B performs an open / close operation to block the air flow between the first chamber A and the second chamber B in the blower 8B and shut off the flow. Sometimes cut off air flow. When the dampers 18A and 18B are closed, air does not move between the first chamber A and the second chamber B.

  By operating the blower 8A or the blower 8B to move the air between the first chamber A and the second chamber B, the first indoor space WA of the first chamber A and the second indoor space WB of the second chamber B are moved. One of them becomes a decompression space and the other becomes a pressurization space. The pressurizing space is a space having a pressure higher than the air pressure in the outdoor space WC, and the decompression space is a space having a pressure lower than the air pressure in the outdoor space WC.

  The pressure space and the decompression space each preferably have a pressure difference range of 2 to 100 Pa, more preferably 5 to 50 Pa, and even more preferably 5 to 20 Pa. When the pressure difference is less than 2 Pa, the amount of movement of air between the pressurized space or the decompressed space and the outside air decreases, and a high ventilation effect cannot be obtained. Moreover, when the pressure difference exceeds 100 Pa, it becomes difficult to open and close the doors provided in the first chamber A and the second chamber B.

  The air blow control unit 100 controls the opening / closing operation of the dampers 18A and 18B in the blowers 8A and 8B and the operation of the fans 19A and 19B. More specifically, the air blow control unit 100 controls the air blow from the second chamber B to the first chamber A using the blower 8A by controlling the operation of the damper 18A and the fan 19A, and the damper 18B and the fan. By controlling the operation of 19B, the control of the air blowing from the first chamber A to the second chamber B using the blower 8B is switched. The blower control unit 100 controls the operation of the fans 19A and 19B in accordance with the upper and lower layers of the first chamber A and the second chamber B, the size of the indoor space, the climate, the temperature, and the like. The blast volume of 8A and 8B can be variably controlled. In addition, the ventilation control part 100 is provided in appropriate positions, such as the vicinity of the air blowers 8A and 8B.

  Next, the control of the fans 8A and 8B by the air blowing control unit 100 and the change in the state of each unit will be described. First, the air blow control unit 100 controls the damper 18A to be in an open state and operates the fan 19A to control the air blow from the second chamber B to the first chamber A using the blower 8A. To do. In this case, as shown in FIG. 1, the first indoor space WA of the first chamber A becomes a pressurized space, and the air in the first indoor space WA is exhausted to the outdoor space WC through the inorganic foam 2A. At this time, the heat of the air in the first indoor space WA is exchanged with the inorganic foam 2A and stored in the inorganic foam 2A. In FIG. 1, the movement of air is indicated by a white arrow, and the movement of heat is indicated by a wavy arrow. In addition, air from the second indoor space WB of the second chamber B, which is a reduced pressure space, is introduced into the first indoor space WA of the first chamber A by the operation of the blower 8A.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, outside air is supplied from the outdoor space WC into the second indoor space WB through the inorganic foam 2B on the second chamber B side serving as a decompression space. At this time, heat transferred from the second indoor space WB of the second chamber B to the inorganic foam 2B is heat-exchanged with the air passing through the inorganic foam 2B, so that the second indoor space of the second chamber B is exchanged. The heat transferred from the WB to the inorganic foam 2B can be recovered. That is, in the second indoor space WB of the second chamber B serving as a decompression space, outside air is taken in through the inorganic foam 2B, so that the outside air flowing through the inorganic foam 2B is the same as or the same as the temperature in the second indoor space WB. The temperature fluctuation in the second indoor space WB of the second chamber B can be suppressed. At the same time, in the second chamber B, fresh air is supplied into the second indoor space WB of the second chamber B, so that high air quality is maintained.

  In the first indoor space WA of the first chamber serving as a pressurized space, the heat of the indoor air is heat-exchanged with the inorganic foam 2A and is stored in the inorganic foam 2A. Heat exceeding the heat capacity of the body 2A is released outside the first chamber A, and heat is lost. Therefore, the air blowing control unit 100 switches the direction of air blowing between the first chamber A and the second chamber B before exceeding the heat capacity that can be stored by the inorganic foam 2A. Specifically, the air blowing control unit 100 controls the damper 18A to be closed and stops the fan 19A to stop the air blowing in the blower 8A. And the ventilation control part 100 controls the damper 18B to an open state, operates the fan 19B, and starts control of the ventilation of the air from the 1st chamber A to the 2nd chamber B using the air blower 8B.

  By switching the direction of the air flow between the first chamber A and the second chamber B, the first indoor space WA of the first chamber A is switched to the reduced pressure space, and the second indoor space WB of the second chamber B is the pressurized space. Switch to Thereby, similarly to the above-mentioned case, the outside air is supplied into the first indoor space WA of the first chamber A serving as the decompression space via the inorganic foam 2A. At this time, the heat stored in the inorganic foam 2A is heat-exchanged with the air flowing through the inorganic foam 2A, and the heat-exchanged air is supplied into the first indoor space WA. Further, in the second indoor space WB of the second chamber B serving as a pressurized space, air in the second indoor space WB of the second chamber B is discharged to the outside of the second chamber B, and the inorganic foam 2B is ventilated. The heat of the air to be heat-exchanged in the inorganic foam 2B is stored in the inorganic foam 2B. The air blowing control unit 100 repeatedly switches the direction of air blowing between the first chamber A and the second chamber B at a predetermined timing.

  Note that the timing of switching between the pressurized space and the decompressed space under the control of the air blowing control unit 100 is the size of the first chamber A and the second chamber B, the pressure of the outside air and the first chamber A and the second chamber B. Although it depends on the difference, the heat capacity of the inorganic foams 2A and 2B, and the amount of air flowing through the inorganic foams 2A and 2B, it is preferably 30 seconds or more and 1 hour or less, more preferably 1 minute or more and 30 minutes or less. More preferably, it is 2 minutes or more and 15 minutes or less. When the switching time is less than 30 seconds, it is difficult to form the pressurized space and the decompressed space within the switching time. When the switching time exceeds 1 hour, the heat released from the pressurized space to the outdoor space WC increases, and the heat recovery capability of the first chamber A and the second chamber B as a whole decreases.

  Next, the Example at the time of ventilating using the ventilation system 1 shown in FIGS. 1-3 is demonstrated. Here, the measuring method of each value about the inorganic foams 2A and 2B used in the following examples, the manufacturing method and shape of the inorganic foams 2A and 2B, the side organic heat insulating materials 3 and 4, the organic heat insulating materials 5 and 6 And the shape of the partition material 7 is demonstrated.

(Thermal conductivity)
Measurement is performed at a low temperature plate of 5 ° C. and a high temperature plate of 35 ° C. according to the JIS A1412 plate heat flow meter method. The shape of the test body is 300 mm × 300 mm, the thickness is 50 mm, and a constant weight is used under the conditions of a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 60%.

(Air permeability)
Seal the side of the cylindrical sample (cross-sectional area (S) = 1962.5 mm ² , length (L) = 50 mm), create a pressure difference before and after the sample while controlling the pressure with a vacuum pump. The flow rate of the flowing air is measured and calculated by equation (1).
Air permeability (m ² h ⁻¹ Pa ⁻¹ ) = W × L / S / ΔP (1)
W: Flow rate (m ³ h ⁻¹ )
ΔP: Pressure difference (Pa)
In addition, the test body uses what became constant weight on the conditions of temperature 20 degreeC and humidity 60%.

(Temperature recovery rate)
In order to calculate the heat recovery capability of the ventilation system, the temperature recovery rate is calculated by equation (2).
Temperature recovery rate (%) = (SA−OA) / (RA−OA) × 100 (2)
SA: Average surface temperature (° C) on the indoor side of the inorganic foam on the air supply side
RA: Average air temperature in the exhaust side room (℃)
OA: Outdoor average temperature (° C)

(Method for producing inorganic foam)
316.8 parts by weight of warm water of 55 ° C. is put into a mixer, and 100 parts by weight of fine silica sand, 8.8 parts by weight of dihydrate gypsum powder, and 7.7 parts by weight of aluminum sulfate powder are sequentially added while stirring. When the slurry temperature reached 50 ° C., 78.4 parts by weight of early strength Portland cement powder, 29.0 parts by weight of quicklime powder, 0.019 parts by weight of methylcellulose as a viscosity adjusting agent, and “EK-45 as a surfactant. “0.038 parts by weight (trade name, manufactured by Matsumoto Yushi Co., Ltd.) are sequentially added and stirred for 2 minutes. Thereafter, 0.38 parts by weight of aluminum powder is added as a foaming agent, stirred for 30 seconds, poured into a mold and foamed, and precured.

Immediately after pouring the slurry into the mold, it is kept at 60 ° C. in a state in which the evaporation of moisture is prevented, and is pre-cured. Next, the pre-cured body was removed from the mold, and after curing at 180 ° C. for 4 hours in a saturated steam atmosphere in an autoclave, drying was performed to obtain an inorganic foam. The air permeability of the inorganic foam was 3.0 × 10 ⁻² m ² / hPa, and the thermal conductivity was 0.069 W / mK.

  The obtained inorganic foam was cut into a length of 45 cm, a width of 45 cm, and a thickness of 10 cm, and the four inorganic foams were bonded together with a commercially available airtight sealant, so that the length was 90 cm, the width was 90 cm, and the thickness was 10 cm inorganic foams 2A and 2B were prepared.

  The side organic heat insulating materials 3 and 4, the lower organic heat insulating material 5, and the upper organic heat insulating material 6 were each formed into a plate shape having a length of 110 cm, a width of 110 cm, and a thickness of 10 cm. The partition material 7 was formed in a plate shape having a length of 90 cm, a width of 90 cm, and a thickness of 1.2 cm. That is, the building Y is formed in a cubic shape with an outer side of 110 cm.

  Moreover, in the ventilation system 1 which concerns on a present Example, as shown in FIG.4 and FIG.5, the temperature of the measurement points P1, P3A, P3B, P4A, P4B was measured using the thermocouple. The measurement point P1 is a temperature measurement point of the outdoor space WC. The measurement point P3A is a surface temperature measurement point on the indoor side of the inorganic foam 2A. The measurement point P3A was near the center position, avoiding the joint of the inorganic foam 2A. The measurement point P4A is a temperature measurement point in the first indoor space WA of the first chamber A. The measurement point P4A is set near the center of the first indoor space WA. Similarly, the measurement point P3B is a surface temperature measurement point on the indoor side of the inorganic foam 2B. The measurement point P3B was near the center position, avoiding the joint of the inorganic foam 2B. The measurement point P4B is a temperature measurement point in the second indoor space WB of the second chamber B. The measurement point P4A is set near the center of the second indoor space WB.

  In the ventilation system 1 according to the present embodiment, a differential pressure gauge 20A is provided to measure a pressure difference between the first indoor space WA and the outdoor space WC. The differential pressure gauge 20 </ b> A is provided at an upper position of the first indoor space WA in the upper organic heat insulating material 6, and is connected to the first indoor space WA through a measurement hole 21 </ b> A provided in the upper organic heat insulating material 6. Similarly, a differential pressure gauge 20B is provided to measure the pressure difference between the second indoor space WB and the outdoor space WC. Similarly to the differential pressure gauge 20A, the differential pressure gauge 20B is provided at an upper position of the second indoor space WB in the upper organic heat insulating material 6, and is connected to the second indoor space WB via a measurement hole provided in the upper organic heat insulating material 6. It is connected.

  Further, in the ventilation system 1 according to the present embodiment, the 20 W light bulbs 22A and 23A and the light bulbs 22B and 23B are installed in the first indoor space WA and the second indoor space WB, respectively. These light bulbs 22A, 23A, 22B, and 23B are used as heat sources for keeping the temperature in each room constant, and on / off is controlled based on the temperature in each room (temperature at the measurement points P4A and P4B). Is done. The light bulbs 22A and 23A were installed near the upper surface of the lower organic heat insulating material 5, and the light bulbs 22B and 23B were installed near the upper surface of the upper organic heat insulating material 6. Moreover, the electric energy which these light bulbs 22A, 23A, 22B, and 23B and the air blowers 8A and 8B consume was measured.

  Further, in the ventilation system 1 according to the present embodiment, when the damper 18B of the blower 8B is closed and the damper 18A of the blower 8A is opened and the fan 19A is operated, as a result of measurement by the differential pressure gauges 20A and 20B, pressurization is performed. The first indoor space WA serving as a space was +9 Pa (+9 Pa with respect to the outside air), and the second indoor space WB serving as a decompressed space was −7 Pa (−7 Pa with respect to the outside air). On the other hand, when the fan 18B is operated with the damper 18A of the blower 8A being closed and the damper 18B of the blower 8B being opened, the first indoor space WA that becomes a decompression space as a result of measurement by the differential pressure gauges 20A and 20B is −7 Pa. The second indoor space WB serving as the pressurized space was +9 Pa.

  In the following examples, after the boxes containing rotten eggs are placed in the first indoor space WA and the second indoor space WB for 5 minutes, the boxes are taken out and the building Y is set to 0 ° C. (the temperature at the measurement point P1). ) In the outdoor space WC which is a constant temperature space. Then, on / off of the light bulbs 22A, 23A, 22B, and 23B was controlled so that the temperature in the first indoor space WA and the second indoor space WB became 20 ° C. Then, after the temperature in the first indoor space WA and the second indoor space WB reaches a constant temperature state of 20 ° C., the blower control unit 100 controls the blowers 8A and 8B, and the second indoor space WA is controlled from the second indoor space WA. The air blowing to the indoor space WB and the switching of the air blowing from the second indoor space WB to the first indoor space WA were repeated alternately. The total operation time of the fans 8A and 8B was 120 minutes.

Example 1
In the first embodiment, in the ventilation system 1 according to the above-described embodiment, switching between blowing from the first indoor space WA to the second indoor space WB and switching of blowing from the second indoor space WB to the first indoor space WA is performed. Repeated every 2 minutes. Below, the electric energy consumed by the light bulbs 22A, 23A, 22B, 23B and the fans 8A, 8B, the average surface temperature of the indoor side of the inorganic foams 2A, 2B on the air supply side (temperatures at the measurement points P3A, P3B), After operating the average air temperature of the indoor space on the exhaust side (temperature at the measurement points P4A and P4B), the outdoor average temperature (temperature at the measurement point P1), the temperature recovery rate, and the fans 8A and 8B for a total of 120 minutes, The presence / absence of an odor of slaughter when smelling the odor in the first indoor space WA and the second indoor space WB with the nose is shown. In addition, the average value was used for the temperature here.

Power consumption of light bulb and blower: 57.3Wh
Indoor average surface temperature of the inorganic foam on the air supply side: 18.7 ° C
Average air temperature in the indoor space on the exhaust side: 19.6 ° C
Average outdoor temperature: 1.3 ° C
Temperature recovery rate: 95.1%
Presence or absence of scent odor: None

(Example 2)
In the second embodiment, in the ventilation system 1 according to the above-described embodiment, the blowing from the first indoor space WA to the second indoor space WB and the blowing from the second indoor space WB to the first indoor space WA are switched. Repeated every 5 minutes. Below, a measurement result, a temperature recovery rate, etc. are shown.

Power consumption of light bulb and blower: 57.1Wh
Average surface temperature on the indoor side of the inorganic foam on the air supply side: 18.8 ° C
Average air temperature in the indoor space on the exhaust side: 19.8 ° C
Average outdoor temperature: 1.4 ° C
Temperature recovery rate: 94.6%
Presence or absence of scent odor: None

(Example 3)
In the third embodiment, in the ventilation system 1 according to the above-described embodiment, the blowing from the first indoor space WA to the second indoor space WB and the blowing from the second indoor space WB to the first indoor space WA are switched. Repeated every 10 minutes. Below, a measurement result, a temperature recovery rate, etc. are shown.

Power consumption of light bulb and blower: 57.6Wh
Indoor average surface temperature of the inorganic foam on the air supply side: 18.6 ° C
Average air temperature in the indoor space on the exhaust side: 19.7 ° C
Average outdoor temperature: 1.4 ° C
Temperature recovery rate: 94.0%
Presence or absence of scent odor: None

(Comparative Example 1)
In Comparative Example 1, in the ventilation system 1 according to Example 1 described above, only the air blower 8A is continuously operated without switching the air flow, and only air is blown from the second indoor space WB to the first indoor space WA. It was. As a result, even after 120 minutes from the start of air blowing, the air temperature in the first indoor space WA and the second indoor space WB continued to decrease without being able to maintain the set temperature of 20 ° C., and thus more than 7 hours passed from the operation. When the room temperature was measured when the steady state was reached, it was 11.5 ° C. Since the set temperature of 20 ° C was not reached, the temperature recovery rate could not be calculated. The amount of power consumed by the light bulbs 22A, 23A, 22B, 23B and the blower 8A was 82.5 Wh. After operating the air blower 8A for a total of 120 minutes, the smell of the inside of the first indoor space WA and the second indoor space WB was sniffed with the nose, and no odor of rot was felt.

(Comparative Example 2)
In the comparative example 2, in the ventilation system 1 which concerns on the above-mentioned Example 1, the air blowers 8A and 8B were not operated and ventilation was not performed. As a result, the air temperature in the first indoor space WA and the second indoor space WB was maintained at 20 ° C., and the amount of power consumed by the light bulbs 22A, 23A, 22B, and 23B was 53.6 Wh. After 120 minutes from the start of the test, when the smell in the first indoor space WA and the second indoor space WB was sniffed with a nose, a painful odor of scent was felt.

  As shown in Examples 1 to 3, a temperature recovery rate of 94.0% or more could be obtained by switching the direction of air blowing between the first indoor space WA and the second indoor space WB. In addition, as shown in the first to third embodiments, after the operation of the blowers 8A and 8B is finished, there is no odor of stagnation in the first indoor space WA and the second indoor space WB, and the first indoor space WA and the first indoor space WA. Ventilation in the indoor space WB was properly performed.

  As described above, the ventilation system 1 according to the present embodiment switches the direction of air blowing in the blowers 8A and 8B, thereby setting the first indoor space WA as the pressurized space and the second indoor space WB as the reduced pressure space. The first indoor space WA can be switched to the decompressed space, and the second indoor space WB can be switched to the pressurized space. For this reason, on the pressurized space side, the heat of the air exhausted through the inorganic foams 2A and 2B can be stored in the inorganic foams 2A and 2B. Moreover, in the decompression space side, heat can be exchanged with air for supplying the heat stored in the inorganic foams 2A and 2B while supplying air through the inorganic foams 2A and 2B. Thereby, the fluctuation | variation of the temperature in decompression space can be suppressed. At the same time, high fresh air quality can be maintained in the decompression space by introducing fresh outside air into the room.

  Moreover, before the heat | fever stored in inorganic foam 2A, 2B exceeds the heat capacity of inorganic foam 2A, 2B in a pressurization space side, the ventilation control part 100 switches the direction of ventilation in the air blowers 8A, 8B. As a result, heat is not released outside the pressurized space, and the heat recovery capability of the entire first chamber A and second chamber B can be increased. In this way, by switching between the pressurized space and the decompressed space, fresh outdoor air can be introduced into any room, and the first indoor space WA of the first chamber A and the second indoor space of the second chamber B. High air quality can also be maintained in WB.

  In addition, since the inorganic material that is the material of the inorganic foams 2A and 2B has high hydrophilicity, moisture can be held inside the material by adsorption or the like. Moisture is also generated when air moves from the first indoor space WA and the second indoor space WB to the outdoor space WC through the inorganic foams 2A and 2B, and from the outdoor space WC into the first indoor space WA and the second indoor space WB. Since it moves, it can also prevent that dew condensation generate | occur | produces inside inorganic foam 2A, 2B.

  In addition, since the inorganic foams 2A and 2B are formed in a shape having a plurality of minute spaces called foams, the material itself is lightened, and a panel shape can be obtained. Therefore, handling property and workability are significantly improved as compared with the fibrous material. Furthermore, since inorganic foam 2A, 2B is lightweight, it leads to the weight reduction of a building and an earthquake resistance also increases. Furthermore, when the outside air passes through the inorganic foams 2A and 2B, the contaminants contained in the outside air are removed by the inorganic foams 2A and 2B, and the effect of the filter can be expected.

  As described above, in the first room A and the second room B of the building Y such as a building, a house, a warehouse, etc., energy saving can be realized by excellent heat insulation performance, and the inside of the first room A and the second room B. In addition to improving air quality through the introduction of fresh air, it is possible to reduce heat loss during exhaust.

  Further, the first chamber A and the second chamber B are adjacent to each other, and the fans 8A and 8B are provided in the partition material 7 that partitions the first chamber A and the second chamber B. In this case, it is possible to easily blow air between the first indoor space WA and the second indoor space WB through the opening 7a provided in the partition member 7. Further, since the first chamber A and the second chamber B are adjacent to each other, heat loss when air is moved from one room to the other room can be reduced.

Moreover, the air permeability of the inorganic foam 2A and the inorganic foam 2B is 5 × 10 ^{−4 to 1} m ² h ⁻¹ Pa ⁻¹ and the thermal conductivity is 0.02 to 0.1 W / mK. The optimal ventilation effect and heat recovery effect can be obtained.

  Moreover, the ventilation control part 100 respond | corresponds to the upper and lower hierarchy of the 1st chamber A and the 2nd chamber B, the width of an indoor space, a climate, temperature, etc. by variably controlling the ventilation volume of air blower 8A, 8B. Then, the amount of air that can be supplied and exhausted through the inorganic foams 2A and 2B can be adjusted to a predetermined value, and the heat recovery rate of the entire room can be improved.

  Moreover, the optimal heat recovery effect can be acquired by the heat capacities of the inorganic foam 2A and the inorganic foam 2B being 2 to 40 Kcal / ° C.

  Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the first chamber A and the second chamber B may not be adjacent to each other. In this case, for example, the air can be blown between the first indoor space WA and the second indoor space WB through a blow pipe connecting the first chamber A and the second chamber B.

  Moreover, the structure of air blower 8A, 8B is not limited to the structure disclosed in embodiment, Other structures may be sufficient. For example, if it is a fan which can change the direction of ventilation, it is not necessary to use two fans 8A and 8B as explained in the embodiment, and only one fan may be used. Moreover, in the building Y, if the outer side surfaces of the inorganic foams 2A and 2B communicate with the outdoor space WC, another space may be provided adjacent to the side organic heat insulating materials 3 and 4.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Ventilation system, 2A ... Inorganic foam (1st inorganic foam), 2B ... Inorganic foam (2nd inorganic foam), 7 ... Partition material, 7a ... Opening part, 8A, 8B ... Blower, 100 ... Blower control part, A ... First chamber, B ... Second chamber, WA ... First indoor space (first chamber indoor space), WB ... Second indoor space (second chamber B indoor space).

Claims (5)

A ventilation system for ventilating a first room and a second room,
A first inorganic foam which is provided in the first chamber and divides the outdoor space and the indoor space of the first chamber so as to allow ventilation;
A second inorganic foam that is provided in the second chamber and partitions the outdoor space and the indoor space of the second chamber so as to allow ventilation;
It is possible to switch air blowing from the indoor space of the first chamber to the indoor space of the second chamber, and air blowing from the indoor space of the second chamber to the indoor space of the first chamber, The indoor space from which the air is blown is depressurized more than the outdoor space in the first chamber and the outdoor space in the second chamber, and the indoor space from which the air is blown is outside the outdoor space in the first chamber and the second chamber. A blower that pressurizes more than space;
A blower control unit that switches the air blow from the indoor space of the first chamber to the indoor space of the second chamber and the blow from the indoor space of the second chamber to the indoor space of the first chamber at a predetermined timing in the blower; ,
Ventilation system characterized by comprising.   The first chamber and the second chamber are adjacent to each other, and the blower is provided in a partition material that partitions the first chamber and the second chamber, and through an opening provided in the partition material. The ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation is performed. At least one of the first inorganic foam and the second inorganic foam has an air permeability of 5 × 10 ^{−4 to 1} m ² h ⁻¹ Pa ⁻¹ and a thermal conductivity of 0.02. It is -0.1W / mK, The ventilation system of Claim 1 or 2 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the air blowing control unit variably controls an air blowing amount of the blower.   The ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a heat capacity of at least one of the first inorganic foam and the second inorganic foam is 2 to 40 Kcal / ° C. .

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