JP2013017462A - Method for forming fish reef block and seaweed bed - Google Patents
Method for forming fish reef block and seaweed bed Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Seaweed (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、海底に設置される漁礁ブロック及び藻場の形成方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a fishing reef block installed on the seabed and a method for forming a seaweed bed.
特許文献１には、コンクリート製の人工魚礁が記載されている。この人工漁礁は、コンクリート又はコンクリートと肥料との混合物を充填してなる複数個の中空円筒柱を、支持枠上に配列して立体枠を形成させ、かつ中空円筒柱の内外表面を人為的に粗面にしたものである。特許文献１に記載の人工魚礁によれば、魚類の産卵場所、採餌場所及び逃避場所として好適な環境を作ることができる。 Patent Document 1 describes a concrete artificial reef. In this artificial reef, a plurality of hollow cylindrical columns filled with concrete or a mixture of concrete and fertilizer are arranged on a support frame to form a three-dimensional frame, and the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow cylindrical column are artificially formed. It is a rough surface. According to the artificial reef described in Patent Document 1, it is possible to create an environment suitable as a spawning place, a feeding place, and an escape place for fish.
ここで、コンクリートの骨材として、高炉スラグが用いられる場合がある。 Here, blast furnace slag may be used as a concrete aggregate.
一般に、高炉スラグを骨材とした漁礁ブロック（高炉スラグブロック）は、高アルカリ特性を有し、水中生物の生育環境に悪影響を及ぼす恐れがあることから、潮の流れの速い場所に設置される。そのため、高炉スラグブロックは、潮流により設置場所から流される可能性がある。
本発明は、潮流によって流される可能性が低減された漁礁ブロック及び藻場の形成方法を提供することを目的とする。
In general, reef blocks (blast furnace slag blocks) made of blast furnace slag are highly alkaline and may be adversely affected by the aquatic life environment. . Therefore, the blast furnace slag block may be washed away from the installation location by tidal current.
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming a reef block and a seaweed bed with a reduced possibility of being washed away by a tidal current.
前記目的に沿う第１の発明に係る漁礁ブロックは、一の面から反対の側の面へ貫通する貫通孔が形成された漁礁ブロックにおいて、
前記貫通孔の一方の側の第１の開口部の開口面積が他方の側の第２の開口部の開口面積よりも大きく、
原材料としての骨材が、水砕スラグである。
The fishing reef block according to the first invention that meets the above-mentioned object is a fishing reef block in which a through hole penetrating from one surface to the opposite surface is formed.
The opening area of the first opening on one side of the through-hole is larger than the opening area of the second opening on the other side;
Aggregate as a raw material is granulated slag.
第１の発明に係る漁礁ブロックにおいて、前記原材料として、醗酵畜糞を含有することが好ましい。 In the reef block according to the first invention, it is preferable to contain fermented livestock feces as the raw material.
第１の発明に係る漁礁ブロックにおいて、前記醗酵畜糞は、醗酵牛糞であることが好ましい。 In the fishing reef block according to the first invention, the fermented animal manure is preferably fermented cow manure.
第１の発明に係る漁礁ブロックにおいて、前記原材料として、食品添加物を更に含有することが好ましい。 In the reef block according to the first invention, it is preferable that the raw material further contains a food additive.
第１の発明に係る漁礁ブロックにおいて、前記原材料として、酒類の製造工程にて生成された廃液を更に含有することが好ましい。 In the reef block according to the first aspect of the invention, it is preferable that the raw material further contains a waste liquid generated in a liquor production process.
第１の発明に係る漁礁ブロックにおいて、前記原材料として、植物性添加物を更に含有することが好ましい。 In the fishing reef block according to the first invention, it is preferable that the raw material further contains a plant additive.
第１の発明に係る漁礁ブロックにおいて、前記貫通孔の内壁面に平面が含まれていることが好ましい。 In the fishing reef block according to the first invention, it is preferable that a flat surface is included in the inner wall surface of the through hole.
第１の発明に係る漁礁ブロックにおいて、前記水砕スラグは、一般廃棄物又は産業廃棄物から生成され、ＳｉＯ２、石灰分、酸化アルミニウム及び苦土分を含有することが好ましい。 In the reef block according to the first invention, the granulated slag is preferably generated from general waste or industrial waste, and contains SiO 2 , lime, aluminum oxide, and bitter earth.
前記目的に沿う第２の発明に係る藻場の形成方法は、それぞれ、一の面から反対の側の面へ貫通する貫通孔が形成され、該貫通孔の一方の側の第１の開口部の開口面積が他方の側の第２の開口部の開口面積よりも大きい複数の漁礁ブロックを用いた藻場の形成方法において、
前記貫通孔の第１の開口部が潮流の上流側を向くよう、前記複数の漁礁ブロックを積み上げて海底に設置する工程を含む。
In the method for forming a seaweed bed according to the second aspect of the present invention, the through hole penetrating from one surface to the opposite surface is formed, and the first opening on one side of the through hole is formed. In the method for forming a seaweed bed using a plurality of fishing reef blocks, the opening area of which is larger than the opening area of the second opening on the other side,
Including a step of stacking the plurality of reef blocks and installing them on the seabed so that the first opening of the through hole faces the upstream side of the tidal current.
前記目的に沿う第３の発明に係る藻場の形成方法は、それぞれ、一の面から反対の側の面へ貫通する貫通孔が形成され、該貫通孔の一方の側の第１の開口部の開口面積が他方の側の第２の開口部の開口面積よりも大きい複数の漁礁ブロックを用いた藻場の形成方法において、
前記貫通孔の開口方向が潮流に沿うよう、前記複数の漁礁ブロックを積み上げて海底に設置する工程を含む。
In the method for forming a seaweed bed according to the third aspect of the present invention, the through hole penetrating from one surface to the opposite surface is formed, and the first opening on one side of the through hole is formed. In the method for forming a seaweed bed using a plurality of fishing reef blocks, the opening area of which is larger than the opening area of the second opening on the other side,
A step of stacking the plurality of fishing reef blocks and installing them on the seabed so that an opening direction of the through hole follows a tidal current.
前記目的に沿う第４の発明に係る藻場の形成方法は、それぞれ、一の面から反対の側の面へ貫通する貫通孔が形成され、該貫通孔の一方の側の第１の開口部の開口面積が他方の側の第２の開口部の開口面積よりも大きい複数の漁礁ブロックを用いた藻場の形成方法において、
前記複数の漁礁ブロックを前記貫通孔の開口方向を揃えて積み上げ、該複数の漁礁ブロックの周囲を覆う蛇籠を構成する工程と、
前記貫通孔の開口方向が潮流に沿うよう、前記蛇籠を海底に設置する工程とを含む。
In the method for forming a seaweed bed according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the through hole penetrating from one surface to the opposite surface is formed, and the first opening on one side of the through hole is formed. In the method for forming a seaweed bed using a plurality of fishing reef blocks, the opening area of which is larger than the opening area of the second opening on the other side,
Stacking the plurality of fishing reef blocks so that the opening directions of the through holes are aligned, and forming a gabion covering the periphery of the plurality of reef blocks; and
Installing the gabion on the seabed so that the opening direction of the through hole follows the tidal current.
請求項１〜８記載の漁礁ブロックにおいては、貫通孔の一方の側の第１の開口部の開口面積が他方の側の第２の開口部の開口面積よりも大きいため、潮流によって流される可能性が低減される。 In the reef block according to claims 1 to 8, since the opening area of the first opening on one side of the through hole is larger than the opening area of the second opening on the other side, it can be washed away by a tidal current Is reduced.
特に、請求項２記載の漁礁ブロックにおいては、原材料として、発育補助剤となる醗酵畜糞を含有しているため、藻の育成の栄養分を供給できる。 In particular, the reef block according to claim 2 contains fermented animal manure as a growth aid as a raw material, so that nutrients for growing algae can be supplied.
請求項３記載の漁礁ブロックにおいては、原材料として、発育補助剤となる醗酵牛糞を含有しているため、藻の育成の栄養分を供給できる。 In the fishing reef block according to claim 3, since the raw material contains fermented cow dung as a growth aid, nutrients for growing algae can be supplied.
請求項４記載の漁礁ブロックにおいては、原材料として、食品添加物を更に含有しているため、藻の育成の栄養分を供給できる。 In the reef block according to claim 4, since the food additive is further contained as a raw material, nutrients for growing algae can be supplied.
請求項５記載の漁礁ブロックにおいては、原材料として、酒類の製造工程にて生成された発育補助剤となる廃液を更に含有しているため、藻の育成の栄養分を供給できる。 In the reef block according to claim 5, since it further contains as a raw material a waste liquid that is a growth aid produced in the liquor production process, nutrients for growing algae can be supplied.
請求項６記載の漁礁ブロックにおいては、原材料として、植物性添加物を更に含有しているため、内部構造をポーラス状とすることができる。 In the reef block according to claim 6, since the plant additive is further contained as a raw material, the internal structure can be made porous.
請求項７記載の漁礁ブロックにおいては、貫通孔の内壁に平面が含まれているので、貫通孔の内部に貝類が生息しやすい環境を提供できる。 In the fishing reef block according to the seventh aspect, since the inner wall of the through hole includes a flat surface, it is possible to provide an environment in which shellfish easily inhabit the inside of the through hole.
請求項８記載の漁礁ブロックにおいては、水砕スラグがＳｉＯ２、石灰分、酸化アルミニウム及び苦土分を含有しているため、藻の育成の栄養分を供給できる。 In the reef block according to claim 8, since the granulated slag contains SiO 2 , lime, aluminum oxide and bitter earth, nutrients for growing algae can be supplied.
請求項９、１０記載の藻場の形成方法においては、潮流によって流される可能性が低減された藻場を形成できる。 In the method for forming seaweed beds according to claims 9 and 10, it is possible to form seaweed beds with a reduced possibility of being washed away by tidal currents.
請求項１１記載の藻場の形成方法においては、複数の漁礁ブロックを覆う蛇籠を構成するので、藻の食害が抑制される。 In the method for forming the seaweed bed according to claim 11, since the gabions that cover the plurality of fishing reef blocks are configured, the damage of the algae is suppressed.
続いて、添付した図面を参照しつつ、本発明を具体化した実施の形態につき説明し、本発明の理解に供する。なお、各図において、説明に関連しない部分は図示を省略する場合がある。 Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings for understanding of the present invention. In each drawing, portions not related to the description may be omitted.
本発明の一実施の形態に係る漁礁ブロック１０は、図１に示すように、海底にて複数段積み上げられて設置され、藻等を繁茂させることができる。
漁礁ブロック１０の外形状は、図２、図３（Ａ）〜（Ｄ）、図４に示すように、例えば直方体状である。なお、図３において、底面図は平面図と同一にあらわれ、左側面図は右側面図と同一にあらわれる。
漁礁ブロック１０には、断面が四角形状の貫通孔１２が一の面から反対の側の面へ長手方向に貫通して形成されている。この貫通孔１２の一方の側の第１の開口部１２ａの面積は、他方の側の第２の開口部１２ｂの面積よりも大きくなっている。貫通孔１２は第１の開口部１２ａから第２の開口部１２ｂへ向かうに従い、先細りとなっている。貫通孔１２の断面積の変化は、第１の開口部１２ａから第２の開口部１２ｂにかけて直線的となるように設定することが好ましい。
As shown in FIG. 1, the reef block 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed by being stacked in a plurality of stages on the sea floor, and can grow algae and the like.
The outer shape of the reef block 10 is, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped, as shown in FIGS. 2, 3A to 3D, and FIG. In FIG. 3, the bottom view is the same as the plan view, and the left side view is the same as the right side view.
In the reef block 10, a through hole 12 having a quadrangular cross section is formed to penetrate from one surface to the opposite surface in the longitudinal direction. The area of the first opening 12a on one side of the through hole 12 is larger than the area of the second opening 12b on the other side. The through hole 12 tapers as it goes from the first opening 12a to the second opening 12b. The change in the cross-sectional area of the through-hole 12 is preferably set so as to be linear from the first opening 12a to the second opening 12b.
漁礁ブロック１０は、幅及び高さが、それぞれ例えば１５０〜３００ｍｍ、長さが例えば２００〜１０００ｍｍとすることができる。貫通孔１２の第１の開口部１２ａの断面の大きさは、例えば、１０５ｍｍ×８４ｍｍとすることができ、第２の開口部１２ｂの断面の大きさは、例えば、８０×６４ｍｍとすることができる。貫通孔１２の第１の開口部１２ａの面積Ｓ１と第２の開口部１２ｂの面積Ｓ２との比ｋ（＝Ｓ１／Ｓ２）は、例えば、１．１〜３．０とすることができる。
また、作業者が漁礁ブロック１０を設置する際に容易に搬送できるよう、漁礁ブロック１０の質量を３０ｋｇ以下に抑えることが好ましい。ただし、大型の魚のための漁礁ブロックについては、その質量が３０ｋｇを超える場合もある。
The reef block 10 can have a width and a height of, for example, 150 to 300 mm, and a length of, for example, 200 to 1000 mm. The cross-sectional size of the first opening 12a of the through hole 12 can be, for example, 105 mm × 84 mm, and the cross-sectional size of the second opening 12b can be, for example, 80 × 64 mm. it can. The ratio k (= S1 / S2) of the area S1 of the first opening 12a and the area S2 of the second opening 12b of the through hole 12 can be set to 1.1 to 3.0, for example.
Moreover, it is preferable to suppress the mass of the reef block 10 to 30 kg or less so that an operator can easily transport the reef block 10 when installing it. However, the reef block for large fish may have a mass exceeding 30 kg.
各漁礁ブロック１０は、図１に示すように、第１の開口部１２ａが潮の流れ（同図１に示す矢印参照）の上流側に、第２の開口部１２ｂが下流側になるように、向きをそろえて配置される。
各漁礁ブロック１０をこのように配置すると、第１の開口部１２ａから入った潮の流れは、下流側の第２の開口部１２ｂから流速が速くなった状態で吐出する。従って、貫通孔１２の内部の流れによって、漁礁ブロック１０には潮の流れと反対向きの力が加えられる。そのため、漁礁ブロック１０には、潮の流れに抗する力が発生し、漁礁ブロック１０が潮流により設置場所から流される可能性が低減される。
As shown in FIG. 1, each reef block 10 has a first opening 12a on the upstream side of the tide flow (see the arrow shown in FIG. 1) and a second opening 12b on the downstream side. , Arranged in the same direction.
When each reef block 10 is arranged in this way, the flow of tide entering from the first opening 12a is discharged from the second opening 12b on the downstream side in a state where the flow velocity is increased. Therefore, a force opposite to the tide flow is applied to the reef block 10 by the flow inside the through hole 12. Therefore, the fishing reef block 10 generates a force against the flow of the tide, and the possibility that the fishing reef block 10 is washed away from the installation location by the tide is reduced.
貫通孔の断面形状は、図５、図６（Ａ）〜（Ｄ）、図７に示す漁礁ブロック２０に形成された貫通孔１３のように、円形状とすることも可能である。なお、図６において、底面図は平面図と同一にあらわれ、左側面図は右側面図と同一にあらわれる。
また、貫通孔の断面形状は、正方形状、星形状及び多角形状等、任意の形状としてもよい。ただし、貝類が生息しやすいという効果を奏するため、貫通孔の断面が例えば正方形状、星形状及び多角形状である場合のように、貫通孔の内壁面に平面が含まれていることがより好ましい。
また、貫通孔は、長手方向に複数形成することも可能である。
The cross-sectional shape of the through hole may be a circular shape like the through hole 13 formed in the fishing reef block 20 shown in FIGS. 5, 6 </ b> A to 6 </ b> D, and FIG. 7. In FIG. 6, the bottom view is the same as the plan view, and the left side view is the same as the right side view.
Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of the through hole may be an arbitrary shape such as a square shape, a star shape, or a polygonal shape. However, in order to produce an effect that shellfish are liable to live, it is more preferable that the inner wall surface of the through hole includes a flat surface as in the case where the cross section of the through hole has a square shape, a star shape, or a polygonal shape. .
Further, a plurality of through holes can be formed in the longitudinal direction.
次に、前述の漁礁ブロック１０の原材料について説明する。
漁礁ブロック１０は、原材料としての骨材、セメント及び水の混合物を型枠に流し込んで形成することができる。ここで、骨材は、水砕スラグである。この水砕スラグは、一般廃棄物又は産業廃棄物を１２００℃以上の高温で溶融処理することにより発生する溶融物を水を用いて急速に破砕することにより得られる。
なお、漁礁ブロック１０の原材料である水砕スラグ（骨材）、セメント及び水の配合は、例えば、水砕スラグ１６５３ｋｇ／ｍ３、セメント量５５１ｋｇ／ｍ３、水量１９８ｋｇ／ｍ３とすることができる。
Next, the raw material of the above-mentioned fishing reef block 10 is demonstrated.
The reef block 10 can be formed by pouring a mixture of aggregate, cement and water as raw materials into a mold. Here, the aggregate is granulated slag. This granulated slag can be obtained by rapidly crushing, using water, a melt generated by melting general waste or industrial waste at a high temperature of 1200 ° C. or higher.
Incidentally, granulated slag (aggregate) as a raw material of the reef block 10, blending of the cement and water, for example, granulated slag 1653kg / m 3, the cement quantity 551kg / m 3, be a water 198 kg / m 3 it can.
このように、水／セメント比が小さい（前述の例においては３５．９％）ので、漁礁ブロック１０はポーラス状となる。即ち、漁礁ブロック１０の表面は荒れた状態となり、藻が着床しやすく、根が張り易くなると共に、栄養素としてのミネラル成分が藻に吸収され易くなる。なお、水セメント比は、例えば３０〜４０％とすることができる。 Thus, since the water / cement ratio is small (35.9% in the above example), the reef block 10 has a porous shape. That is, the surface of the fishing reef block 10 is in a rough state, the algae is easy to land, the roots are easily spread, and the mineral component as a nutrient is easily absorbed by the algae. In addition, water cement ratio can be 30 to 40%, for example.
水砕スラグは、ケイ酸分（ＳｉＯ２）、石灰分（ＣａＯ）、酸化アルミニウム（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）及び苦土分（ＭｇＯ）を含んでいる。特に、溶融処理する際に石灰分等の成分調整をする溶融スラグは、ケイ酸分と石灰分の成分割合が同程度であり、植物育成に効果的な可溶性ケイ酸、可溶性石灰分の割合が高く、藻の育成に好ましい。 The granulated slag contains silicic acid (SiO 2 ), lime (CaO), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), and bitter earth (MgO). In particular, the molten slag that adjusts the components such as lime during the melting process has the same component ratio of silicic acid and lime, and the effective proportion of soluble silicic acid and soluble lime for plant growth is High and preferable for growing algae.
水砕スラグの成分は、例えば、以下の通りである。
＜成分例＞
（１）ＳｉＯ２（可溶性ケイ酸１５〜２５ｗｔ％を含む）：３５〜４５ｗｔ％
（２）ＣａＯ（可溶性石灰１５〜２５ｗｔ％を含む）：３０〜４０ｗｔ％
（３）Ａｌ２Ｏ３：１２〜１８ｗｔ％
（４）ＭｇＯ：０．４〜３．０ｗｔ％
（５）鉄分（金属鉄及び酸化鉄）：０．３〜３．７ｗｔ％
なお、前述の単位ｗｔ％の基準となる全体の質量は、漁礁ブロック１０が凝結する前の原材料全体の質量である（以下、同様）。
The components of the granulated slag are, for example, as follows.
<Examples of ingredients>
(1) SiO 2 (including 15 to 25 wt% soluble silicic acid): 35 to 45 wt%
(2) CaO (including 15-25 wt% soluble lime): 30-40 wt%
(3) Al 2 O 3: 12~18wt%
(4) MgO: 0.4 to 3.0 wt%
(5) Iron content (metallic iron and iron oxide): 0.3 to 3.7 wt%
In addition, the whole mass used as the reference | standard of the above-mentioned unit wt% is a mass of the whole raw material before the reef block 10 condenses (hereinafter, the same).
以上説明したように、漁礁ブロック１０は、前述の水砕スラグを原材料としているため、ミネラル成分を供給でき、藻場の形成を促進できる。 As explained above, since the reef block 10 uses the above-mentioned granulated slag as a raw material, it can supply a mineral component and can promote formation of a seaweed bed.
ここで、漁礁ブロック１０の原材料として、更に醗酵した畜糞（醗酵畜糞）、食品添加物及び植物性添加物のうち、少なくとも１つを添加することも可能である。
醗酵畜糞は、例えば、醗酵牛糞、醗酵豚糞又は醗酵鶏糞とすることができる。原材料として醗酵畜糞を添加することにより、藻の着床及び藻の育成効果を向上させることができる。
醗酵畜糞の添加量は、漁礁ブロック１０を安定して形成するために、５．０ｗｔ％以下が好ましく、例えば、０．５〜５．０ｗｔ％とすることができる。
なお、醗酵畜糞は、繊維質を多く含むことから、醗酵牛糞とすることが好ましい。
Here, as a raw material of the fishing reef block 10, it is also possible to add at least one of fermented livestock dung (fermented livestock dung), food additives, and plant additives.
The fermented livestock feces can be, for example, fermented beef feces, fermented pork feces, or fermented chicken feces. By adding fermented livestock feces as a raw material, the algae implantation and algae growth effects can be improved.
In order to stably form the fishing reef block 10, the amount of fermented livestock droppings is preferably 5.0 wt% or less, and can be, for example, 0.5 to 5.0 wt%.
In addition, since fermented livestock feces contain many fiber, it is preferable to set it as fermented cow feces.
食品添加物は、アミノ酸群であり、例えば、グルタミン酸である。食品添加物の添加量は、０．１ｗｔ％以下とすることができる。原材料として、食品添加物を含有することにより、藻の着床及び藻の育成効果を向上させることができる。 The food additive is a group of amino acids, for example, glutamic acid. The additive amount of the food additive can be 0.1 wt% or less. By containing a food additive as a raw material, the algae implantation and algae growth effects can be improved.
植物性添加物は、例えば、カルボキシメチルセルロースである。植物性添加物の添加量は、０．０〜０．１ｗｔ％とすることができる。原材料として、植物性添加物を含有することにより、漁礁ブロック１０の内部構造をポーラス状とすることができる。また、原材料として醗酵畜糞が添加されている場合には、植物性添加物が醗酵畜糞を包み込み、栄養分が緩やかに溶解する。 The plant additive is, for example, carboxymethylcellulose. The addition amount of the vegetable additive can be 0.0 to 0.1 wt%. By containing a plant additive as a raw material, the internal structure of the fishing reef block 10 can be made porous. Moreover, when fermented livestock feces are added as a raw material, a vegetable additive wraps fermented livestock feces and a nutrient dissolves | dissolves gently.
一方で、原材料としての水の一部又は全部の代わりに、例えば日本酒や焼酎等の酒類を製造する際に生成される廃液を用いることも可能である。これら廃液には、藻が育成するための栄養分が含まれている。従って、原材料として廃液を用いることにより、藻が育成するための栄養分を供給できる。 On the other hand, it is also possible to use, for example, waste liquid generated when producing alcoholic beverages such as sake and shochu, instead of part or all of water as a raw material. These waste liquids contain nutrients for growing algae. Therefore, nutrients for growing algae can be supplied by using waste liquid as a raw material.
次に、漁礁ブロック１０の製造方法について説明する。
まず、コークスを用い、内部を還元雰囲気にして廃棄物を乾留ガス化させる方式の溶融炉にて、廃棄物（一般廃棄物又は産業廃棄物）を例えば、１２００℃〜１８００℃の温度で溶融処理する（工程Ａ）。
次に、工程Ａの溶融処理によって発生した溶融物を冷却する（工程Ｂ）。
次に、工程Ｂにより前記溶融物を破砕し、水砕スラグを生成する（工程Ｃ）。
次に、少なくとも水砕スラグ、セメント及び水が配合された混合液を生成する（工程Ｄ）。
次に、混合液を型枠（不図示）に流し込む（工程Ｅ）。
最後に、混合液を凝結させ、型枠から漁礁ブロック（ブロックの一例）１０を取り出す（工程Ｆ）。
Next, the manufacturing method of the reef block 10 is demonstrated.
First, waste (general waste or industrial waste) is melted at a temperature of, for example, 1200 ° C. to 1800 ° C. in a melting furnace that uses coke to reduce the inside to a dry distillation gasification system. (Step A).
Next, the melt generated by the melting treatment in step A is cooled (step B).
Next, the said melt is crushed by the process B, and a granulated slag is produced | generated (process C).
Next, a mixed liquid in which at least granulated slag, cement and water are blended is generated (step D).
Next, the mixed solution is poured into a mold (not shown) (step E).
Finally, the mixed solution is condensed, and the reef block (an example of a block) 10 is taken out from the mold (step F).
このように、工程Ａ〜工程Ｆを経て製造された漁礁ブロック１０を、貫通孔１２の第１の開口部１２ａが潮流の上流側を向くようにして（漁礁ブロック１０の向きを揃えて）海底に複数設置して（例えば積み上げて）、藻場や漁礁を形成することができる。
漁礁ブロック１０の設置場所は、砂地や岩地等、任意の場所とすることができる。但し、水深は、設置作業者が潜って漁礁ブロック１０を設置できる深さが好ましい。また、水深は、漁礁ブロック１０の表面で藻が育成することを考慮して、太陽光が届く深さが好ましい。
In this manner, the fishing reef block 10 manufactured through the processes A to F is set so that the first opening 12a of the through hole 12 faces the upstream side of the tidal current (with the reef block 10 aligned). A plurality of them can be installed (for example, stacked) to form seaweed beds and fishing reefs.
The place where the reef block 10 is installed can be any place such as sand or rock. However, the water depth is preferably a depth at which the installation operator can dive and install the reef block 10. The water depth is preferably a depth that allows sunlight to reach in consideration of the growth of algae on the surface of the reef block 10.
以上説明したように、本実施の形態の漁礁ブロック１０は、貫通孔１２の一方の側の第１の開口部１２ａの開口面積が他方の側の第２の開口部１２ｂの開口面積よりも大きく形成されているので、潮流によって流される可能性が低減される。その結果、漁礁ブロック１０を小型化し、設置作業性を向上できる。
また、本実施の形態に示した藻場形成用の構造体としてのブロック（例えば、漁礁ブロック１０、根固めブロック、消波ブロック、及び藻場ブロック）の原材料である水砕スラグは、有害物質をほとんど含まず、藻に対して栄養分（ミネラル成分）を供給することができるため、藻の育成を促進し、漁礁を効果的に形成できる。
更に、ブロックは、設置から例え３〜５年で崩れて自然に戻るため、再度ブロックを設置して継続的に栄養分を供給できる。
As described above, in the reef block 10 of the present embodiment, the opening area of the first opening 12a on one side of the through hole 12 is larger than the opening area of the second opening 12b on the other side. Since it is formed, the possibility of being swept away by the tidal current is reduced. As a result, the reef block 10 can be downsized and installation workability can be improved.
In addition, the granulated slag that is a raw material of the blocks (for example, the fishing reef block 10, the root consolidation block, the wave-dissipating block, and the seaweed block) as the structure for forming the algae beds shown in the present embodiment is a harmful substance. Since no nutrients are contained and nutrients (mineral components) can be supplied to the algae, it is possible to promote the growth of algae and effectively form a fishing reef.
Furthermore, since the block collapses in 3 to 5 years from the installation and returns to nature, the block can be installed again to continuously supply nutrients.
次に、本発明の一実施例について説明する。
前述の漁礁ブロック１０と同成分の試料（平板）を海底に設置し、藻の繁殖状態を観察した。なお、この試料の原材料の配合は、水砕スラグ１６５３ｋｇ／ｍ３、セメント量５５１ｋｇ／ｍ３、水量１９８ｋｇ／ｍ３である。原材料に、植物性添加物及び醗酵畜糞は添加していない。
図８（Ａ）、（Ｂ）に示すように、７日経過した時点での水砕スラグを原材料とする漁礁ブロック１０の試料（図８（Ａ）参照）は、水砕スラグを原材料とせずに山砂を原材料とした、従来の漁礁ブロックの試料（図８（Ｂ）参照）よりも、藻の繁殖状況が良好であった。即ち、漁礁ブロック１０は、漁礁の形成に好適である。
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
A sample (flat plate) having the same component as the above-described fishing reef block 10 was placed on the seabed, and the algae breeding state was observed. The mixing of the raw materials of the sample, granulated slag 1653kg / m 3, the cement quantity 551kg / m 3, a volume of water 198 kg / m 3. No plant additives or fermented animal manure is added to the raw materials.
As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the sample of the reef block 10 using the granulated slag as a raw material after 7 days (see FIG. 8A) does not use the granulated slag as a raw material. In addition, the algae breeding condition was better than the conventional reef block sample (see FIG. 8B) using mountain sand as a raw material. That is, the fishing reef block 10 is suitable for forming a fishing reef.
本発明は、前述の実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を変更しない範囲での変更は可能である。例えば、前述の実施の形態や変形例の一部又は全部を組み合わせて発明を構成する場合も本発明の技術的範囲に含まれる。
前述の実施の形態の漁礁ブロック１０を用いた藻場の形成方法において、潮の流れの向きが時間によって反対向きに変化する場合には、図９（Ａ）に示すように、例えば積み上げる段によって、貫通孔１２の第１の開口部１２ａが向く方向を反対向きにして（漁礁ブロック１０の向きを反対向きにして）漁礁ブロック１０を設置することも可能である。また、図９（Ｂ）に示すように、例えば隣り合う漁礁ブロック１０が互いに反対を向くように配置することも可能である。
このように、貫通孔の開口方向が潮流に沿うように漁礁ブロック１０を積み上げることにより、潮の流れの向きが時間によって変化する場合であっても、各漁礁ブロック１０が潮流から受ける力が分散され、漁礁ブロック１０が流される可能性が低減される。
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and modifications can be made without changing the gist of the present invention. For example, a case where the invention is configured by combining some or all of the above-described embodiments and modifications is also included in the technical scope of the present invention.
In the method for forming a seagrass bed using the reef block 10 of the above-described embodiment, when the direction of the tide flow changes in the opposite direction depending on the time, as shown in FIG. It is also possible to install the reef block 10 so that the direction in which the first opening 12a of the through hole 12 faces is opposite (with the reef block 10 facing in the opposite direction). Moreover, as shown to FIG. 9 (B), it is also possible to arrange | position so that the adjacent reef block 10 may face the mutually opposite, for example.
In this way, by stacking the fishing reef blocks 10 so that the opening direction of the through holes is along the tidal current, even when the direction of the tidal flow changes with time, the force received by each reef block 10 from the tidal current is dispersed. This reduces the possibility that the reef block 10 will be washed away.
また、複数積み上げた漁礁ブロック１０の周りを、例えば金属枠やネットで覆った蛇籠を構成し、この蛇籠を貫通孔の開口方向が潮流に沿うように海底に設置することも可能である。漁礁ブロック１０を用いた蛇籠を海底に設置することにより、藻が発育する際の食害を抑制できる。 It is also possible to form a gabion having a plurality of stacked reef blocks 10 covered with, for example, a metal frame or a net, and install the gabion on the seabed so that the opening direction of the through hole follows the tidal current. By installing a gabion using the reef block 10 on the seabed, it is possible to suppress food damage when algae grow.
１０：漁礁ブロック、１２：貫通孔、１２ａ：第１の開口部、１２ｂ：第２の開口部、１３：貫通孔、２０：漁礁ブロック 10: fishing reef block, 12: through hole, 12a: first opening, 12b: second opening, 13: through hole, 20: fishing reef block
Claims (11)
前記貫通孔の一方の側の第１の開口部の開口面積が他方の側の第２の開口部の開口面積よりも大きく、
原材料としての骨材が、水砕スラグであることを特徴とする漁礁ブロック。 In a reef block in which a through-hole penetrating from one surface to the opposite surface is formed,
The opening area of the first opening on one side of the through-hole is larger than the opening area of the second opening on the other side;
A reef block characterized in that the aggregate as a raw material is granulated slag.
前記貫通孔の第１の開口部が潮流の上流側を向くよう、前記複数の漁礁ブロックを積み上げて海底に設置する工程を含むことを特徴とする藻場の形成方法。 A through hole penetrating from one surface to the opposite surface is formed, and the opening area of the first opening on one side of the through hole is larger than the opening area of the second opening on the other side. In a method for forming a seaweed bed using a plurality of large reef blocks,
A method for forming a seaweed bed, comprising a step of stacking the plurality of reef blocks and installing them on the seabed so that the first opening of the through hole faces an upstream side of a tidal current.
前記貫通孔の開口方向が潮流に沿うよう、前記複数の漁礁ブロックを積み上げて海底に設置する工程を含むことを特徴とする藻場の形成方法。 A through hole penetrating from one surface to the opposite surface is formed, and the opening area of the first opening on one side of the through hole is larger than the opening area of the second opening on the other side. In a method for forming a seaweed bed using a plurality of large reef blocks,
A method for forming a seaweed bed, comprising a step of stacking the plurality of reef blocks and installing them on the seabed so that an opening direction of the through hole follows a tidal current.
前記複数の漁礁ブロックを前記貫通孔の開口方向を揃えて積み上げ、該複数の漁礁ブロックの周囲を覆う蛇籠を構成する工程と、
前記貫通孔の開口方向が潮流に沿うよう、前記蛇籠を海底に設置する工程とを含むことを特徴とする藻場の形成方法。
A through hole penetrating from one surface to the opposite surface is formed, and the opening area of the first opening on one side of the through hole is larger than the opening area of the second opening on the other side. In a method for forming a seaweed bed using a plurality of large reef blocks,
Stacking the plurality of fishing reef blocks so that the opening directions of the through holes are aligned, and forming a gabion covering the periphery of the plurality of reef blocks; and
And a step of installing the gabion on the seabed so that the opening direction of the through hole follows the tidal current.
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| KR101846402B1 (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-04-06 | 최승일 | Flux-pressure reduction type artificial reef |
| CN106966457A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-07-21 | 沈阳理工大学 | A kind of method that utilization feces of livestock and poultry prepares ecological reef |
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| JP2018166464A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-11-01 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Block for aquatic organism and manufacturing method for the same |
| JP2019017372A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2019-02-07 | ヒューバースジャパン株式会社 | Iron-sprayed-resin fishing bank block |
| JP2021113137A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2021-08-05 | トリゼンオーシャンズ株式会社 | Sea area fertilizer application material, and production method and installation method of sea area fertilizer application material |
| JP7474427B2 (en) | 2020-01-16 | 2024-04-25 | トリゼンオーシャンズ株式会社 | Marine fertilizer, and manufacturing and installation methods for the same |
| JP7424933B2 (en) | 2020-07-27 | 2024-01-30 | 日鉄エンジニアリング株式会社 | Algae growing material |
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