JP2003169562A - Artificial fish bank and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an artificial fish bank effective in growth of fishes and marine plants utilizing a carbonized product of livestock feces such as chicken feces, and to provide a method for producing the artificial fish bank. <P>SOLUTION: This artificial fish bank is obtained by mixing the carbonized product obtained by carrying out carbonization treatment of livestock feces with cement or cement and aggregate and forming the mixture. The artificial fish bank comprises preferably 5-50 wt.% carbonized product, 5-30 wt.% cement and 20-85 wt.% aggregate and has 1.1 to 2.5 specific gravity. This method for producing the artificial fish bank comprises mixing the carbonized product of livestock feces with cement or cement and aggregate and water and carrying out casting or press molding of the mixture. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an artificial fishing reef,
In particular, it relates to an artificial fishing reef containing charcoal obtained by treating livestock manure such as chicken manure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Since livestock manure such as chicken manure contains a large amount of organic substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus which are effective for the growth of agricultural products, it is excellent by depositing it in a compost house and fermenting and composting it. It has been effectively used as fertilizer. However, in recent years, many livestock farmers have specialized in management and expanded in scale for the purpose of improving productivity, and the amount of livestock manure discharged has also increased. In order to respond to this, many livestock farmers generally sell composted animal dung as a fertilizer such as bagged.

However, since the amount of fertilizer distributed is excessive and the amount of fertilizer consumed depends on the growing season of agricultural products, the amount of fertilizer consumed varies greatly depending on the season. Also,
The fertilizer consumption area and the compost production area are not necessarily the same. Therefore, livestock farmers are forced to expand compost houses to stock large amounts of livestock manure.
With the recent urbanization of rural areas, environmental problems caused by the odor of livestock manure have become apparent due to the increasing awareness of the conservation of the living environment of local residents.

On the other hand, garbage, food residues, sludge, livestock dung,
Many organic wastes such as rice husks have been incinerated and treated as ash (burnt husks). However, recently, attention has been paid to carbon, which is the main component of such organic waste, and there is an active movement to effectively utilize these wastes by carbonization treatment. Here, the carbonization treatment means that the above organic waste is heated at a high temperature in a low oxygen or oxygen-free state to be dry-distilled and converted into a charcoal-like substance.

The carbonaceous substance obtained by such carbonization treatment (hereinafter, simply referred to as "carbide") is harmless to the environment because its main component is carbon. Therefore, for example, various uses such as a soil improving agent, a humidity adjusting agent, and a snow melting agent have been studied.

[0006] However, the amount of organic waste is increasing, and even if carbonization is performed on these organic wastes to produce environmentally harmless carbides, they cannot be industrialized unless their applications are expanded. In particular, livestock manure is produced in large amounts in specific places such as poultry farms and ranches, and it is desired to develop applications for effectively utilizing this.

[0007]

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention As a result of searching for the range of application of a charcoal obtained by carbonizing livestock manure such as chicken manure, the present inventor has found that it is desirable to utilize this for artificial fishing reefs.

[0008] Recently, it has become popular to prepare an environment where fish can easily gather by sinking artificial structures, abandoned ships, etc., in the sea near a fishing port to form an artificial fishing reef. Artificial fishing reefs are required to form an environment in which plankton and marine plants are easily proliferated. However, if the charcoal obtained by carbonizing livestock manure has many minute pores on its surface, seagrass Suitable for microbial growth,
In addition, no constituents other than carbon are harmful to the environment. However, since the specific gravity of the carbide itself is small, it is difficult to sink the carbide into the seabed even if it is formed, and the crush strength of the carbide is low, so there is a risk of damage during transportation or when the carbide is put into the seabed.

The present invention focuses on artificial fishing reefs as an effective use destination of livestock manure such as chicken manure whose emission amount is increasing recently, and artificial fishing reef containing charcoal obtained by carbonizing livestock manure. And a method for manufacturing the same.

[0010]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The gist of the present invention is an artificial fishing reef shown below and a method for producing an artificial fishing reef shown below.

An artificial fish reef formed by mixing carbonized material obtained by carbonizing livestock manure and cement or cement and aggregate. This artificial fishing reef has 5 to 50% by mass of carbide, 5 to 30% by mass of cement, and 20 to 85% by mass of aggregate.
It is desirable that the specific gravity is 1.1 to 2.5.

[0012] The method for producing an artificial fish reef according to the above, which is produced by mixing the charcoal-based material obtained by carbonizing livestock manure, cement or cement and aggregate, and water and then casting or molding.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Carbonized products obtained by carbonizing livestock dung are less likely to directly serve as nutrients for marine microorganisms such as fish and plankton, as compared with livestock dung itself.
Since the surface of this carbide has many micropores, it creates an environment in which marine microorganisms can easily inhabit, decomposes organic matter in water, promotes purification of water quality, and creates an environment in which marine plants can grow easily. . An artificial reef suitable for inhabiting marine microorganisms will be an environmental symbiotic structure that excels in fish collection.

[0014] However, since the specific gravity of the charcoal obtained by carbonizing livestock manure is smaller than the specific gravity of seawater, this charcoal alone cannot be submerged in the sea. Therefore, in the present invention, an artificial fishing reef is made by molding this carbide and cement or a mixture of cement and aggregate (gravel, ballast, etc.). As a result, the artificial reef can be submerged in the seabed and can have sufficient crush strength so that it will not be destroyed during transportation. Incidentally, the shape of the artificial fishing reef of the present invention may be brick-shaped, such as a tetrapot type, a clay pipe shape,
It is desirable that it has a large surface area and has a space.

The artificial fishing reef of the present invention contains 5 to 50% by mass of carbide, 5 to 30% by mass of cement, and 20 to 85% by mass of aggregate.
It is desirable that the specific gravity is 1.1 to 2.5.

When the content of the charcoal-based material obtained by carbonizing livestock manure is less than 5% by mass, it is difficult to sufficiently exhibit the characteristics as the environmental symbiotic structure as described above, while the content of the charcoal-based material is small. When it exceeds 50% by mass, it is difficult to obtain sufficient crushing strength, and it is difficult to make the specific gravity necessary for sinking to the seabed. Therefore, the content of the charcoal-based material obtained by carbonizing livestock manure is preferably 5 to 50% by mass.

Cement or cement and aggregate is added to have a crushing strength of artificial reef and a specific gravity higher than seawater, but the content of cement is less than 5% by mass and the content of aggregate is less than 20% by mass. In the case of, it is difficult to obtain the above effect.

Aggregate is blended as necessary for the purpose of adjusting specific gravity and saving cement. In that case, the blending amount is 20-85.
It is desirable to set it in the range of mass%. If the content of cement and aggregate is excessive, the content of carbide must be reduced, and the purpose of effective use of livestock manure cannot be achieved. It is difficult to make full use of the characteristics of. In addition to the gravel and the ballast, a piece of wood, a piece of steel scrap, or the like that does not cause environmental pollution may be used as the aggregate.

The artificial fishing reef of the present invention can be obtained by mixing and molding in the above-mentioned mixing ratio, and in particular, it is preferable that the specific gravity is 1.1 or more in order to sink the seafloor. On the other hand, since it is necessary to increase the content of cement and aggregate in order to set the specific gravity to the range of more than 2.5, it is necessary to reduce the blending amount of carbide obtained by carbonizing livestock manure. In addition, too heavy a fish reef is inconvenient to handle. Therefore, it is desirable that the specific gravity is 1.1 to 2.5.

The artificial fishing reef of the present invention is produced by water-mixing the above-mentioned carbide with cement or cement and aggregate, and then casting or pressing. Mixing with water means, for example, charging the above-mentioned carbide and cement or cement and aggregate into a predetermined container, adding an appropriate amount of water thereto, and stirring. The mixture thus obtained by water-mixing is poured into a mold having a predetermined shape to be solidified, or molded by a press having a mold having a predetermined shape, and solidified to give an artificial fishing reef of the present invention. It can be manufactured.

Regarding the method for carbonizing livestock dung,
Although not particularly limited, it is preferably performed in a vertical cylindrical fluidized bed furnace or a horizontal tilted cylindrical rotary kiln.

The artificial fishing reef of the present invention may be used alone or in combination with a fish reef made of steel or concrete.

[0023]

[Examples] Carbide having the chemical composition shown in Table 1 (carbonized chicken dung), cement and ballast were mixed at a mixing ratio shown in Table 2 and press-formed 230 mm x 114 mm x
A 65 mm test piece was prepared. Table 2 also shows the specific gravity and crush strength of these test pieces.

[0024]

[Table 1]

[0025]

[Table 2]

As shown in Table 2, the artificial reef of the present invention is
It has enough specific gravity to sink to the sea floor, and has enough crushing strength that it will not be destroyed by shocks during transportation. Further, as is clear from Table 1, even if it dissolves in seawater, it does not contain any components harmful to living organisms.

[0027]

The artificial reef according to the present invention is not likely to cause environmental pollution because the main component of the artificial reef is charcoal of livestock feces such as chicken manure. The carbide exposed on the surface of the fish reef itself serves for water purification. In addition, many minute pores existing on the surface of the carbide serve as a habitat for marine microorganisms such as plankton.

Since the demand for artificial fishing reefs has been increasing in recent years, the present invention greatly contributes to the large-scale use of livestock manure such as chicken manure whose emission amount tends to increase.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A carbonized material obtained by carbonizing livestock dung,
An artificial fish reef made by mixing cement or cement and aggregate. 2. A carbonized material obtained by carbonizing livestock manure.
~ 50% by mass, cement 5 ~ 30% by mass, and aggregate 20 ~ 8
An artificial fish reef containing 5% by mass and having a specific gravity of 1.1 to 2.5. 3. A carbonized product obtained by carbonizing livestock manure,
The method for producing an artificial fish reef according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cement or the cement and the aggregate are mixed with water, and then the mixture is produced by cast molding or press molding.