JP2012517332A - モノリス触媒の触媒活性を改善する方法 - Google Patents
モノリス触媒の触媒活性を改善する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012517332A JP2012517332A JP2011548655A JP2011548655A JP2012517332A JP 2012517332 A JP2012517332 A JP 2012517332A JP 2011548655 A JP2011548655 A JP 2011548655A JP 2011548655 A JP2011548655 A JP 2011548655A JP 2012517332 A JP2012517332 A JP 2012517332A
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- catalyst
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- earth metals
- cobalt
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
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- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 45
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- RHRVANRKEISTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[2-(2-cyanoethylamino)ethylamino]propanenitrile Chemical compound N#CCCNCCNCCC#N RHRVANRKEISTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UDBBPOHVRDIERQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[2-(3-aminopropylamino)ethylamino]propanenitrile Chemical compound NCCCNCCNCCC#N UDBBPOHVRDIERQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isophorone Natural products CC1=CC(=O)CC(C)(C)C1 HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC(CN)=C1 FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGSPXMVUFBBBMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-aminopropionitrile Chemical compound NCCC#N AGSPXMVUFBBBMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyronitrile Chemical compound CCCC#N KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003262 carboxylic acid ester group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006757 chemical reactions by type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001869 cobalt compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);carbonate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009295 crossflow filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001240 enamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000879 imine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BSRDNMMLQYNQQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminodiacetonitrile Chemical compound N#CCNCC#N BSRDNMMLQYNQQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LAQPNDIUHRHNCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC(C#N)=C1 LAQPNDIUHRHNCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003544 oxime group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002909 rare earth metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RHSBIGNQEIPSCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N stearonitrile Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC#N RHSBIGNQEIPSCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinonitrile Chemical compound N#CCCC#N IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/78—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with alkali- or alkaline earth metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/83—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with rare earths or actinides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/185—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with iron group metals or platinum group metals
- B01J27/1853—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with iron group metals or platinum group metals with iron, cobalt or nickel
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
- B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
- B01J37/0205—Impregnation in several steps
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
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- B01J37/0215—Coating
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- C07C209/48—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reduction of carboxylic acids or esters thereof in presence of ammonia or amines, or by reduction of nitriles, carboxylic acid amides, imines or imino-ethers by reduction of nitriles
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Abstract
Description
塗布の際に、通常モノリス触媒担体を、触媒活性成分の1つ以上の不溶性又は難溶性化合物を有する懸濁液と接触させる。本発明の範囲内では、触媒活性成分を有するゲルも難溶性もしくは不溶性化合物に含まれる。しかし、懸濁液は、更に触媒活性成分の1つ以上の可溶性化合物を含んでいることができる。
定義:
触媒の負荷は、供給物中の出発物質の量と、触媒の体積から成る生成物と時間の割合から成る。触媒負荷=出発物質の量/(触媒の体積・反応時間)である。触媒の体積は、触媒(モノリス)と同じ外形を有する中実円柱により占められる体積に相応する。反応器は、通常はモノリス触媒で完全に充填される。触媒負荷の単位は、[kg出発物質/(l・h)]により示される。
A(P)=F(P)%;式中、出発物質(F%(E))、生成物(F%(P))、副生成物(F%(N))又は極めて一般的に物質i(F%(i))の面積パーセントF%(i)は、物質iの符号の下側の面積F(i)と、全面積F全体、すなわち符号iの下側の面積の合計の割合×100から計算される:
被覆した既成のモノリス(=触媒前駆体)の全質量に対する金属(質量パーセント)として解釈される。
モノリス触媒担体を、EP-BA-636409による酸化物の混合物で被覆した。そこに示された規定によれば、酸化物の混合物は、コバルト55〜98質量%、リン0.2〜15質量%、マンガン0.2〜15質量%、及びアルカリ金属0.2〜5質量%(酸化物として計算)を有する。使用した酸化物の混合物の正確な組成物は、それぞれの例で挙げられている。
モノリス触媒担体として、構造化された成形品の形(円形、20×50mm)及び400cpsiのCorning社製のコージライトモノリス(Celcor(登録商標))を使用した。
モノリス触媒担体として、Corning社製の構造化された成形品の形(円形、18×50mm)及び900cpsiのコージライト−モノリス(Celcor(登録商標))を使用した。
モノリス触媒担体として、構造化された成形品の形(円形、18×50mm)及び900cpsiのCorning社製のコージライトモノリス(Celcor(登録商標))を使用した。
コバルトヘキサアンミン溶液は、炭酸アンモニウム634gをアンモニア溶液1709ml(33%NH3)に溶かすことにより製造された。引き続き、コバルト(II)−カーボネートハイドレート528gを少しずつ添加した。この溶液を濾過し、不溶性成分を分離した。得られた溶液は、レドックス電位−248mVを有し、コバルト含有量は4質量%であった。
モノリス触媒担体として、構造化された成形品の形(円形、9.5×20mm)及び400cpsiのCorning社製のコージライトモノリス(Celcor(登録商標))を使用した。
例1aにより製造された触媒前駆体を300℃で10時間、水素90%と窒素10%から成る混合物で還元し、かつ引き続き室温にて空気で不動態化させた。不動態化させたモノリス−押出物を、引き続きホルダー内の11個の穴に挿入し、穴にモノリス−押出物が完全に充填されるようにした。
例1a、1b又は例2により製造された触媒を積み重ねた形で有するバブルカラム中で水素化を液相法で実施した。水素化溶出液は相分離容器中で気相と液相に分かれた。液相を取り出し、かつGC分析により定量的に分析した。液相の99.2〜99.99%を新たなDMAPN及び新たな水素と一緒にバブルカラムに戻した。
例1aにより製造された触媒(11個のモノリス20.4×50mm、1個のモノリス20.4×18.5mm)を120℃及び60barで18時間、THF中水素で還元した。THFを取り出し、かつ装置(バブルカラム+触媒)を室温で60分間、2質量%濃度のLiOH水溶液800mlで濯いだ。引き続き、水溶液を取り出し、かつこれを10分間テトラヒドロフラン800mlで2回濯いだ。次に、DMAPAをTHFで充填した反応器に連続的に送った。
例1bにより製造された触媒前駆体を例6aのように還元し、水酸化リチウム溶液で処理し、かつ次にテトラヒドロフランで濯いだ。DMAPNの水素化は、例6aで記載した装置中で行った。これはアンモニアの不在で、120℃で、30〜50barの圧力範囲で、及び0.26kg/L・h DMAPNのWHSVで液相法で300時間運転した。DMAPNの転化率は完全であり、DMAPAの収率は、>99.8%であった。
例2によりコージライト、γ−酸化アルミニウム及びLiCoO2から出発して製造された不動態化触媒前駆体を、130℃及び50barでバブルカラム中、水素で18時間活性化した。次に、モノリスの洗浄又はその他の後処理をせずに、120℃及び50barで、アンモニアの不在でDMAPNを液相中で反応器に連続的にポンピングした。WHSVは0.26kg/L・hDMAPNであった。この条件を75時間の間保持した。この時間で、転化率は完全であり、収率は99.9%であった。この値は、30バールの圧力まで下がった後でも次の50時間一定であった。次の200時間では、その他の一定条件下では、WHSVは徐々にDMAPN0.26kg/l・hからDMAPN1.04kg/l・hに増大した。ただ1つの変化は、転化率が99.7%に下がったことであった;選択率は99.9%であった。次の115時間の間、温度はDMAPN1.1kg/l・hのWHSVで130℃まで増大した。次に転化率は99.8%で、選択率は同じであった。
コルク酸ジニトリルを水素化してオクタメチレンジアミンにするために、LiCoO2で被覆した例2と同様に製造したモノリス触媒を使用した。モノリス触媒担体として、構造化された成形品の形(円形、18×50mm)及び400cpsiのCorning社製のコージライトを使用した。モノリス−押出物のコバルト含有量は、24〜29質量%、リチウム含有量は2〜4質量%であった。
例3により製造された触媒前駆体を、水素90%と窒素10%から成る混合物を用いて300℃で10時間還元し、かつ次に室温で空気で不動態化した。引き続き、不動態化したモノリス−押出物をホルダーに用意された11個の穴に挿入し、穴がモノリス−押出物で完全に充填されるようにした。
例5と同様に、例4により製造されたNiOで被覆したモノリス触媒を、その他の反応条件は変えずに、DMAPNからDMAPAへの反応に使用した。例5とは異なり、反応を6時間の間実施した。
Claims (15)
- コバルト、ニッケル及び銅から成るグループから選択される1つ以上の元素を有する、構造化されたモノリスの形で存在する触媒の触媒特性を改善するための方法において、前記触媒を、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属及び希土類金属のグループから選択される1つ以上の塩基性化合物と接触させることを特徴とする、コバルト、ニッケル及び銅から成るグループから選択される1つ以上の元素を有する、構造化されたモノリスの形で存在する触媒の触媒特性を改善するための方法。
- 塩基性化合物をコバルト、ニッケル及び銅から成るグループから選択される1つ以上の元素が酸素含有化合物の形で存在している触媒と接触させる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 塩基性化合物をコバルト、ニッケル及び銅から成るグループから選択される1つ以上の元素が還元された形で存在している触媒と接触させる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 触媒を反応において使用する前、後又は間に、溶液としての塩基性化合物を触媒と接触させる、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 触媒を水素化において使用する前、後又は間に、溶液としての塩基性化合物を触媒と接触させる、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 銅及び/又はコバルト及び/又はニッケルを有する、構造化されたモノリスの形で存在する触媒の触媒特性を改善するための、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属及び希土類金属のグループから選択される塩基性化合物の使用。
- コバルト、ニッケル及び銅から成るグループから選択される1つ以上の元素を有する、構造化されたモノリスの形で存在する触媒の存在で、少なくとも1つの不飽和炭素−炭素結合、炭素−窒素結合又は炭素−酸素結合を有する化合物を水素化する方法において、前記方法は、該触媒をアルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属及び希土類金属のグループから選択される1つ以上の塩基性化合物と接触させることを特徴とする、コバルト、ニッケル及び銅から成るグループから選択される1つ以上の元素を有する、構造化されたモノリスの形で存在する触媒の存在で、少なくとも1つの不飽和炭素−炭素結合、炭素−窒素結合又は炭素−酸素結合を有する化合物を水素化する方法。
- 少なくとも1つのニトリル基を有する化合物から第一級アミンを製造するための、請求項7に記載の方法。
- ヘキサメチレンジアミン、アミノカプロニトリル、N,N−ジメチルアミノプロピルアミン又はイソホロンジアミンを製造するための、請求項8に記載の方法。
- ニトリルの水素化は、アンモニアの不在で行われる、請求項8又は9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 水素化の前に、触媒をアルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属及び希土類金属のグループから選択される1つ以上の塩基性化合物と接触させる、請求項7から10までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 水素化の間に、触媒をアルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属及び希土類金属のグループから選択される1つ以上の塩基性化合物と接触させる、請求項7から11までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 反応混合物の塩基度は、溶液としての塩基性化合物の添加により増大する、請求項7から12までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 添加される塩基性化合物の量:出発物質流中の水素化すべき出発物質の量の比は、100〜10000:1000000である、請求項7から13までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 水素化は連続的に行われ、かつ構造化されたモノリスは固定床として配置される、請求項7から14までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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