JP2012204839A - 発光素子及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
発光素子及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/04—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a quantum effect structure or superlattice, e.g. tunnel junction
- H01L33/06—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a quantum effect structure or superlattice, e.g. tunnel junction within the light emitting region, e.g. quantum confinement structure or tunnel barrier
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- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
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- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/4805—Shape
- H01L2224/4809—Loop shape
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- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/481—Disposition
- H01L2224/48151—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive
- H01L2224/48221—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked
- H01L2224/48245—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic
- H01L2224/48247—Connecting between a semiconductor or solid-state body and an item not being a semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. chip-to-substrate, chip-to-passive the body and the item being stacked the item being metallic connecting the wire to a bond pad of the item
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- H01L2924/11—Device type
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- H01L33/005—Processes
- H01L33/0062—Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds
- H01L33/0066—Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds with a substrate not being a III-V compound
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- H01L33/26—Materials of the light emitting region
- H01L33/30—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table
- H01L33/32—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table containing nitrogen
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明は、発光素子、発光素子の製造方法、発光素子パッケージ、及び照明システムに関するものである。本発明の一実施例による発光素子は、第1導電型半導体層、上記第1導電型半導体層の上に井戸層及び障壁層を有する活性層、及び上記活性層の上に第2導電型半導体層を備え、上記井戸層は、上記第1導電型半導体層に最も隣接し、第1エネルギーバンドギャップを有する第1井戸層、上記第2導電型半導体層に最も隣接し、第3エネルギーバンドギャップを有する第3井戸層、及び上記第1井戸層と上記第3井戸層との間に位置し、第2エネルギーバンドギャップを有する第2井戸層を備え、上記第3井戸層の上記第3エネルギーバンドギャップは上記第2井戸層の上記第2エネルギーバンドギャップより大きくすることができる。
【選択図】図1
Description
従来、多重井戸層構造(Multi-Quantum well structure)基盤の窒化物半導体発光素子の製造技術は、注入電流が増加するにつれて、内部量子効率が低下する効率ドループ(Efficiency Droop)現象が発生する。
図3は、本発明の第1実施形態に従う発光素子のエネルギーバンドダイヤグラム101を示す図である。
一方、半導体層には半導体層の間の格子定数差及び配向性による応力が発生して生じる圧電分極(piezoelectric polariziton)が発生する。発光素子を形成する半導体材料は大きい値の圧電計数を有するので、小さな変形(strain)にも非常に大きい分極をもたらすことができる。
図6は本発明の第2実施形態に従う発光素子のエネルギーバンドダイヤグラム102を示す図であり、図7は本発明の第2実施形態に従う発光素子のエネルギーバンドダイヤグラム102aを示す他の図である。
図10は、本発明の第3実施形態に従う発光素子のエネルギーバンドダイヤグラム103を示す図である。
図12は、本発明の第4実施形態に従う発光素子のエネルギーバンドダイヤグラム104を示す図である。
図13は、本発明の第5実施形態に従う発光素子のエネルギーバンドダイヤグラム105を示す図である。
また、実施形態は、発光する光の波長変化を最小化しながら光度を改善することができる発光素子及び発光素子の製造方法を提供することができる。
Claims (20)
- 第1導電型半導体層と、
前記第1導電型半導体層の上に井戸層及び障壁層を有する活性層と、
前記活性層の上に第2導電型半導体層と
を備え、
前記井戸層は、
前記第1導電型半導体層に最も隣接し、第1エネルギーバンドギャップを有する第1井戸層と、
前記第2導電型半導体層に最も隣接し、第3エネルギーバンドギャップを有する第3井戸層と、
前記第1井戸層と前記第3井戸層との間に位置し、第2エネルギーバンドギャップを有する第2井戸層と
を備え、
前記第3井戸層の前記第3エネルギーバンドギャップは前記第2井戸層の前記第2エネルギーバンドギャップより大きい、発光素子。 - 前記第3井戸層の厚さは前記第2井戸層の厚さより厚い、請求項1に記載の発光素子。
- 前記第2井戸層の厚さは前記第1井戸層の厚さより厚い、請求項1または2に記載の発光素子。
- 前記第3井戸層の厚さは前記第1井戸層の厚さより厚い、請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の発光素子。
- 前記第3井戸層の厚さは、前記第1井戸層または第2井戸層の厚さの110%乃至130%である、請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の発光素子。
- 前記活性層で発光する光がブルー(Blue)光の場合、前記第3井戸層の厚さは3.9nmである、請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の発光素子。
- 前記第1井戸層の第1エネルギーバンドギャップは、前記第2井戸層の第2エネルギーバンドギャップより大きい、請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の発光素子。
- 前記第1井戸層の第1エネルギーバンドギャップと前記第3井戸層の第3エネルギーバンドギャップは互いに同一である、請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の発光素子。
- 前記第3井戸層の厚さは前記第2井戸層の厚さより厚い、請求項1、請求項3乃至8のいずれかに記載の発光素子。
- 前記第1井戸層の厚さは前記第2井戸層の厚さより厚い、請求項1、請求項2、請求項4乃至9のいずれかに記載の発光素子。
- 前記第3エネルギーバンドギャップは、前記第2エネルギーバンドギャップ対比101%乃至110%である、請求項1乃至10のいずれかに記載の発光素子。
- 前記活性層で発光する光がブルー(Blue)光の場合、前記第3エネルギーバンドギャップは、2.8eV乃至3.08eVである、請求項1乃至11のいずれかに記載の発光素子。
- 前記第3井戸層の第3エネルギーバンドギャップと前記第2井戸層の第2エネルギーバンドギャップ、または前記第1井戸層の第1エネルギーバンドギャップとのエネルギーギャップの差(energy gap difference)は0.1eV以内である、請求項1乃至12のいずれかに記載の発光素子。
- 前記第3井戸層で発生する光の波長は前記第2井戸層で発生する光の波長より20nm以内と、より短い、請求項1乃至13のいずれかに記載の発光素子。
- 前記第3井戸層で発生する光の波長は、前記第2井戸層で発生する光の波長より2nm以上20nm以内と、より短い、請求項1乃至14のいずれかに記載の発光素子。
- 前記井戸層はInを含み、
前記第3井戸層は、前記第2井戸層より小さなIn含有量を有する、請求項1乃至15のいずれかに記載の発光素子。 - 前記第3井戸層のIn含有量は、前記第2井戸層のIn含有量対比90%乃至99%である、請求項1乃至16のいずれかに記載の発光素子。
- 前記井戸層の組成式がInxAlyGa1−x−yN(0<x<1,0<y<1,0<x+y<1)の場合、
前記第3井戸層のInの組成(x3)が前記第2井戸層のInの組成(x2)対比0.02以内の範囲の小さい、請求項1乃至17のいずれかに記載の発光素子。 - 前記活性層では、実質的に同じ色の光が発光する、請求項1乃至18のいずれかに記載の発光素子。
- 前記第3井戸層、第2井戸層で発光する光の波長は異なり、かつ前記活性層で発光する光は実質的に同じ色の光である、請求項1乃至19のいずれかに記載の発光素子。
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