JP2012035239A - Gypsum waste recycling system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gypsum waste recycling system in which even gypsum waste to which paper adheres can be processed into fine particle gypsum having a particle size equal or smaller than that of a standard particle size (high accuracy) without mixing the paper, and the processing amount to a good product (regeneration raw material) is made a lot.SOLUTION: The gypsum waste recycling system comprises a breaker 1, a first crusher 3, a conveying device 4, a paper separator 5, a grain size separator 6, a second crusher 7, and a return path 9. In the gypsum waste recycling system, only fine-grained gypsum (A) separated as a recycled material in the grain size separator 6 and having a specified grain size or less is sequentially collected into a recycled material container 67, and coarse-grained gypsum separated in the grain size separator 6 is crushed again by the second crusher 7 and then is returned as a material through the return path 9.

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for converting gypsum waste material (waste gypsum board) into a recyclable raw material that can be reused.

  When a building is demolished, a large amount of gypsum waste (mainly waste gypsum board) is generated, but this gypsum waste can be crushed into small gypsum with a particle size of 3 mm or less and reused as a recycled material. .

  By the way, the gypsum board used as a building material has paper stuck on the entire surface, and in order to turn the waste gypsum board into a recycled raw material, it is necessary to exclude the paper from the fine-gypsum used as the recycled raw material. . In addition, paper is stuck to the gypsum waste material dismantled from the building, and in many cases, foreign materials such as wood chips, metal, and plastic are mixed in the gypsum waste material.

  FIG. 8 shows a general process for processing disassembled gypsum waste (waste gypsum board) into fine-gypsum used as a recycled material.

  In the general recycling process of gypsum waste material shown in Fig. 8, firstly, the foreign material mixed in the large block gypsum waste material A0 brought in from the dismantling site is removed by hand sorting, and the gypsum waste material from which the foreign material has been removed is removed. A0 is roughly divided into lump waste gypsum A1 having a predetermined size (for example, a size of about 50 mm on one side) with a crusher (S1). At this time, the paper stuck to the gypsum waste material A0 is also divided, but most of the piece of paper remains attached to the massive gypsum waste material A1.

  Next, the coarsely divided paper adhering lump gypsum waste material A1 is conveyed by a conveyor (S2), and the iron component (iron scrap) mixed in the paper adhering lump gypsum waste material A1 at an appropriate position of the conveyor is separated by a magnetic separator. Remove (S3).

  Subsequently, the paper adhering lump gypsum waste material A1 is put into the paper separator from the end of the conveyor, and the paper separator adhering to the lump gypsum waste material A1 is peeled off, and the peeled paper piece is removed. Remove (S4). This paper separator generally removes a piece of paper from the gypsum waste material by squeezing the gypsum waste material to which the paper is adhered, and then removing the peeled paper piece by wind pressure or the like.

  Next, the paper-removed lump gypsum waste material A2 that has undergone the paper removal step (S4) is crushed by a crusher to a standard particle size or less (for example, a particle size of 3 mm or less) (S5), and fine gypsum A that becomes a recycled material. To be processed. The crusher has a pair of left and right crushing rollers, and crushes the gypsum waste material A2 between the crushing rollers into fine gypsum having a standard particle size or less.

  By the way, in the above-described general raw material recycling process of gypsum waste (FIG. 8), in the fine granulation step S5, the lump gypsum waste A2 is crushed into fine gypsum by the crushing roller of the crusher. When A2 passes between the two crushing rollers, the total amount of A2 cannot be surely crushed to a standard particle size or less. For example, if there is a hard large-diameter foreign material that cannot be crushed in the bulk gypsum waste A2, the gypsum waste material that passes near the large-diameter foreign material at the same time is not crushed between the two crushing rollers. Coarse gypsum having a large particle size will be mixed into the recycled material (fine gypsum).

  Thus, when coarse gypsum larger than the standard particle size is mixed in the recycled raw material (fine-gypsum), the quality of the processed recycled raw material becomes poor (commercial value as a recycled raw material decreases). There is a problem.

  In addition, when trying to strictly separate the particle size of the recycled material after passing through the crushing step S5 of FIG. 8 (when only those having a particle size below the standard particle size are acceptable), a large amount of coarse gypsum exceeding the standard particle size is obtained. Therefore, there is a problem that the amount of processing as a non-defective product becomes very small (more gypsum components are wasted).

  Further, in the above-mentioned general gypsum waste recycling process (FIG. 8), the paper separator used in the paper piece removal step S4 is a piece of paper that is peeled off by massaging the lump gypsum waste material A1 with paper pieces. However, since the piece of paper to be peeled is firmly attached to the gypsum waste material, the paper piece removal efficiency is low, and a considerable amount of the paper piece remains attached to the gypsum waste material for the next step (crushing step S5). Will be sent. Accordingly, in the crushing step S5, a considerable amount of waste paper is mixed in the processed fine-grained gypsum A because of the relationship that a large amount of paper pieces remain attached to the lump-shaped gypsum waste A2. If this is the case, fine gypsum (recycled raw material) with poor quality will be produced. In addition, if scrap paper is mixed in the recycled raw material in this way, the fine gypsum that is a good product also includes a powdery one (very light weight), The waste paper cannot be removed by blowing it away with the wind pressure, and the waste paper removal process becomes very difficult.

  Therefore, the present invention can recover only the fine gypsum (recycled raw material with good quality) of the gypsum waste material (waste gypsum board) below the standard particle size and increase the processing amount (yield) of the fine gypsum. It was made for the purpose of providing a gypsum waste material recycling raw material recycling apparatus that can significantly reduce the paper contamination rate even if it is a gypsum waste material to which paper is stuck (to increase purity). Is.

  The present invention has the following configuration as means for solving the above problems.

  By the way, in order to recycle the gypsum waste material (waste gypsum board) transported from the demolished building, impurities other than the gypsum component are removed, and the gypsum waste material is reclaimed as the standard particle size (3 mm) or less. It is necessary to make it fine. Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a gypsum waste material recycling raw material converting device for processing gypsum waste material from a demolished building as a recycled material with high purity and high accuracy.

[Invention of Claim 1 of the Present Application]
The gypsum waste material recycling raw material recycling apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a crusher that roughly divides a large lump disassembled gypsum waste material to which paper is adhered into a lump of a predetermined size, and a lump gypsum waste material roughly divided by the crusher. A first crusher that can be crushed to a standard particle size or less as a recycled raw material, a conveying device that conveys the first crushed gypsum crushed by the first crusher to the next process side, and the conveying device A paper piece separator that separates a piece of paper from the primary crushed gypsum, and a fine gypsum having a particle size of less than a standard particle size and a coarser gypsum larger than that used as a raw material for the remaining crushed gypsum separated from the paper piece by the paper piece separator A particle size separator for separating the powder, a second crusher for crushing the coarse gypsum separated by the particle size separator again, and a conveying device for the second crush gypsum crushed by the second crusher And a return passage to return to the recycle raw material in the particle size separator. It is obtained so as to recover the reproduced sequentially source container only fines plaster that is.

  Each component of the recycled raw material production apparatus according to claim 1 will be described in more detail together with the function.

  Before crushing the gypsum waste material (waste gypsum board) of an unspecified size into the first crusher, the side is about 50 mm or less (this size is not particularly limited). It is for aligning. This crusher also divides large pieces of gypsum waste material into blocks of a predetermined size (with a side of about 50 mm or less), but also divides the paper stuck to the gypsum waste material. The piece of paper remains stuck to the bulk gypsum waste.

  The lump gypsum waste material roughly divided by the crusher is preferably conveyed to the first crusher by the conveyer. In this claim 1, the lump gypsum waste material is directly crushed from the crusher outlet without the conveyer. You may make it throw into a machine.

  The first crusher has a pair of left and right crushing rollers, and crushes the gypsum waste material into a fine gypsum having a standard particle size (about 3 mm) or less by passing the gypsum waste material between the crushing rollers. This crushing action by both crushing rollers can crush the lump gypsum waste into fine particles, but it has a small dividing action on the paper stuck to lump gypsum waste, Even when crushed into pieces, most of the paper remains in its original size (about 50 mm on a side). Also, most of the crushed fine gypsum (in the form of powder) is separated from the paper.

  The two crushing rollers of the first crusher are in pressure contact with each other at a predetermined pressure (pressure capable of crushing gypsum waste material). The space between the two crushing rollers is pushed wide so that the hard foreign matter passes as it is. And at the moment when the space between the crushing rollers is widened, the gypsum waste material may pass in a state larger than the standard particle size.

  The conveying device conveys the first crushed gypsum (mixed pieces of paper) crushed by the first crusher to the paper piece separator, but the installation height of the paper piece separator is higher than the installation height of the first crusher. In such a case, a vertical conveyor (adopted in claim 5) may be used as the conveying device.

  The paper piece separator separates the paper piece in the primary crushing gypsum mixed with the paper piece from the gypsum component (crushing gypsum). This paper piece separator uses a filter with a mesh (for example, a punching hole or mesh of about 10 mm) that allows passage of the crushed gypsum crushed by the first crusher while preventing passage of the paper piece. Can be adopted. The primary crushing gypsum mixed with a piece of paper put into the paper piece separator has a particle size smaller than the mesh (10 mm) (mainly crushing gypsum) falls through the filter while passing over the filter. The piece of paper can be separated from the crushed gypsum by leaving the piece of paper on the filter. Paper pieces remaining on the filter are sequentially removed from the paper piece separator. Incidentally, it is conceivable that the finely divided paper piece passes through the mesh when moving through the filter portion and is mixed into the crushed gypsum, but the amount thereof is insignificant.

  The remaining first crushed gypsum from which the paper pieces have been removed by the paper piece separator is put into a particle size separator in the next step. This particle size separator separates coarse gypsum that could not be crushed to the standard particle size (3 mm) or less in the previous first crusher from fine gypsum used as a recycled material. For example, a vibrating screen can be used. The mesh of the sieve mesh of this particle size sorter (vibrating sieve machine) can pass only fine gypsum with a standard particle size (3mm) or less, and it is different from the fine gypsum and coarse gypsum separated. It is discharged from the exit.

  The fine gypsum separated as having a particle size of less than the standard particle size by this particle size separator is sequentially collected in the recycled material container, while the coarse gypsum separated as having a particle size exceeding the standard particle size is used in the next step. Sent to the second crusher.

  As the second crusher, one having a pair of left and right crushing rollers can be adopted as in the first crusher. The amount of coarse gypsum charged into the second crusher is only a small amount because it exceeds the standard particle size in the particle size separator, and other than hard foreign substances can be reliably crushed below the standard particle size. In this second crusher, hard foreign matter passes as it is.

  The secondary crushed gypsum (mostly fine gypsum) crushed by the second crusher is returned to the conveying device through a return passage. Then, the secondary crushed gypsum returned to the conveying device is re-introduced into the particle size separator through the paper piece separator by the conveying device, where fine gypsum (non-defective product) below the standard particle size is sequentially regenerated. To be recovered. In the case where there are coarse hard foreign substances in the secondary crushed gypsum, the coarse hard foreign substances are circulated many times, and will be described later when a certain amount of coarse hard foreign substances accumulates. The configuration of 4 can be eliminated collectively.

  In the gypsum waste material recycling raw material recycling apparatus according to claim 1, the paper piece in the crushed gypsum is removed by a paper piece separator, and only fine gypsum (non-defective product) having a standard particle size or less is separated and collected by a particle size separator. Coarse gypsum exceeding the standard particle size will not be mixed into non-defective products. Coarse gypsum exceeding the standard particle size is removed by the particle size separator and crushed by the second crusher (becomes fine gypsum), and then re-entered into the particle size separator through the return passage. It is designed to be collected on the good product side.

[Invention of claim 2 of the present application]
The invention of claim 2 of the present application is the gypsum waste material recycling raw material recycling apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second crushing gypsum crushed by the second crusher is left between the second crusher and the return passage. A vibration sieving machine for separating the waste paper is provided, and only the fine gypsum from which the waste paper has been removed by the vibration sieve is returned to the return passage.

  In the coarse gypsum separated as exceeding the standard particle size in the particle size separator of the previous process, a small amount of waste paper that was not separated by the paper piece separator (one side that passed through the filter of the paper piece separator) In this claim 2, after crushing the coarse paper gypsum mixed with waste paper with a second crusher (becomes fine gypsum), the paper with a vibrating sieve To be removed.

  In the second crusher, although the gypsum component is crushed to a small size, even if the crushing paper is crushed, the waste paper that has passed through the second crushing machine is the filter of the paper piece separator of the previous process (mesh is 10 mm). It is the size that has passed.

  As the sieve screen of the vibration sieve machine, a mesh having a mesh size of about 5 mm is suitable. In the second aspect of the present invention, only the secondary crushed gypsum from which the remaining waste paper has been removed by the vibrating screen can be passed through the return passage side.

[Invention of claim 3 of the present application]
The invention of claim 3 of the present application is the gypsum waste material recycling raw material recycling apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a transport conveyor for transporting the lump gypsum waste material between the crusher and the first crusher is provided. A magnetic separator that removes iron components from the gypsum waste material in place is installed at the right place. In the following description, the iron component removed by the magnetic separator is referred to as iron scrap.

  By the way, there are many cases where iron scraps are mixed in the gypsum waste material transported from the demolished building. In this claim 3, before the lump gypsum waste material is put into the first crusher, the lump gypsum waste material. By removing the iron scrap mixed in by a magnetic separator, the iron scrap is prevented from being sent to each device portion below the first crusher.

[Invention of claim 4 of the present application]
The invention of claim 4 of the present application is the gypsum waste material recycling raw material recycling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a damper is provided in the return passage to guide the passing material passing through the return passage out of the return passage. . The damper part is provided with a discharge passage branched from the return passage. Normally, the damper opens the return passage (the discharge passage is closed), but the passage through the return passage by switching the damper. An object can be guided to the discharge passage side.

  By the way, in the recycling raw material production apparatus of the present application, hard foreign substances (for example, stone particles, plastic waste and non-ferrous metal) that cannot be crushed below the standard particle diameter are circulated many times through the return passage. During operation, a large amount of hard foreign matter circulates in the processing path, resulting in poor quality processing efficiency.

  Therefore, in the recycled raw material production apparatus according to the fourth aspect, the passing material (mainly hard foreign matter) passing through the return passage can be discharged from the discharge passage to the outside by switching the damper periodically (or as necessary). I am doing so. In this case (when the damper is switched to the opening side of the discharge passage), the supply of new lump waste gypsum is stopped.

[Invention of claim 5 of the present application]
The invention of claim 5 of the present application is the gypsum waste material recycling raw material recycling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a vertical conveyor is used as the conveying device, while a granular reservoir is provided at the lower end of the casing of the vertical conveyor. Thus, the particle passage and the return passage from the first crusher are connected to the front and rear facing positions of the particle reservoir portion.

  The vertical conveyor used in the recycled material converting apparatus according to claim 5 adopts a type in which a large number of buckets are circulated up and down, and the particles in the particle reservoir provided at the lower end of the casing are used. It can be picked up sequentially by a bucket and conveyed to the next process (paper piece separator) side.

  And in this Claim 5, the primary crushing gypsum from a 1st crusher and the crushing gypsum from a return path are made to merge with the granule accumulation part of a casing lower end.

[Effect of the invention of claim 1 of the present application]
The reclaimed raw material producing apparatus of the invention of claim 1 of the present application includes a crusher, a first crusher, a conveying device, a paper piece separator, a particle size separator, a second crusher, and a return passage. Only the fine gypsum separated as the regenerated raw material in the particle size separator is sequentially collected into the regenerated raw material container through the fine gypsum passage. Therefore, the recycling raw material producing apparatus of claim 1 has the following effects.

  First, even dismantled gypsum waste with paper attached, it can be processed into high-purity fine-grain gypsum (recycled raw material) from which the paper is removed automatically by simply putting it into a crusher.

  In addition, since the final processed fine gypsum does not contain coarse particles having a particle size greater than the standard particle size, a highly accurate recycled material can be obtained.

  Furthermore, the coarse gypsum having a particle size larger than the standard particle size separated by the particle size separator is crushed again by the second crusher, and the crushed gypsum is returned to the conveying device through the return passage (then, it is sent again to the particle size separator). Therefore, it is possible to increase the amount of processing to fine-gypsum used as a recycled raw material (the waste gypsum component is reduced and the yield is increased). That is, in the past, there was about 20% of the gypsum component that was wasted, but the coarse gypsum separated by the particle size sorter as in the present application is again crushed by the second crusher and is conveyed by the return passage. In the case of using the particle size separator to re-sort, the gypsum component that is wasted can be reduced to about 2% of the total.

[Effect of the invention of claim 2 of the present application]
The invention of claim 2 of the present application is the waste paper remaining in the second crushing gypsum crushed by the second crusher between the second crusher and the return passage in the recycled raw material production apparatus of claim 1. A vibration sieving machine for separating the slab is provided so that only fine gypsum from which scrap paper has been removed by the vibration sieving machine is returned to the return passage.

  Therefore, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, the recycled raw material production apparatus according to the second aspect can further remove scrap paper by using a vibration sieve, so that a higher-purity recycled raw material (fine gypsum) can be obtained. There is an effect that can be.

[Effect of the invention of claim 3 of the present application]
The invention of claim 3 of the present application is the recycling raw material conversion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the iron component (iron scrap) in the lump gypsum waste material is placed at an appropriate position on the conveyor that is provided between the crusher and the first crusher. ) Is provided.

  Therefore, in the recycled raw material production apparatus according to claim 3, iron scrap can be removed by a magnetic separator before the lump gypsum waste material is sent to the first crusher. Therefore, in addition to the effects of claims 1 and 2, Each device part below the crusher can be protected from troubles (breakage, etc.) caused by biting of iron scraps, and there is an effect that the purity of the recycled raw material is improved because the iron scraps are not mixed.

[Effect of the invention of claim 4 of the present application]
The invention according to claim 4 of the present application is the recycled raw material production apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a return material (hard foreign matter that cannot be crushed below a standard particle size) passing through the return passage is returned to the return passage. A damper is provided to guide it out of the passage. In the recycled raw material production apparatus according to the fourth aspect, the hard foreign substances (impurities) that cannot be crushed below the standard particle diameter can be removed from the regular circulation passage by switching the damper periodically (or as necessary).

  Therefore, in the recycled raw material production apparatus of claim 4, in addition to the effects of claims 1 to 3, the hard foreign matter (impurities) can be eliminated by simply switching the damper. There is an effect that it is simple.

[Effect of the invention of claim 5 of the present application]
The invention of claim 5 of the present application is the recycling raw material production apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a vertical conveyor is used for the conveying device, while a granular reservoir is provided at the casing lower end of the vertical conveyor, The particle passage and the return passage from the first crusher are connected to the front and rear facing positions of the particle reservoir.

  Therefore, in addition to the effects of the first to fourth aspects, the recycled raw material converting apparatus according to the fifth aspect uses a conveying device (vertical conveyor) to return the fine gypsum from the return passage to the particle size separator again. This is effective, and a special reflux device (conveyor) is not required.

It is the schematic of the gypsum waste material reproduction | regeneration raw material conversion apparatus which concerns on an Example of this application. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the end portion of the transport conveyor and the vicinity of the start end portion of the vertical conveyor in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the end portion of the vertical conveyor and the vicinity of the start end portion of the paper piece separator in FIG. 1. It is an enlarged view of the paper piece separator part in FIG. It is an enlarged view of the particle size separator part and 2nd crusher part in FIG. It is an enlarged view of the vibration sieve machine part in FIG. 1, and a return channel | path part. It is processing method explanatory drawing of the gypsum waste material reproduction | regeneration raw material conversion apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the conventional common gypsum waste material reproduction | regeneration raw material method.

[Example]
Hereinafter, the gypsum waste material recycling raw material recycling apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7. FIG. 1 shows an overall schematic view thereof, and FIGS. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of a processing method of the gypsum waste material recycling raw material converting apparatus of FIG.

  By the way, when a building is demolished, a large amount of gypsum waste material (mainly waste gypsum board) is generated, but this gypsum waste material is crushed into small gypsum with a particle size of 3 mm or less and reused as a recycled material. Can do.

  In addition, gypsum board used as building material has paper stuck on the entire surface, and in order to turn waste gypsum board into a recyclable raw material, it is necessary to exclude the paper from the fine gypsum used as a reclaimed raw material. .

  And the gypsum waste material recycling raw material conversion apparatus of the Example shown in FIG. 1 is for processing into the recycled raw material (fine-grain gypsum) which removed paper from said gypsum waste material with paper (mainly waste gypsum board), It has the composition of.

That is, the gypsum waste material recycling raw material recycling apparatus of this example,
A crusher 1 that roughly divides a large lump demolition gypsum waste material A0 to which paper is adhered, into a lump of a predetermined size;
Conveyor 2 for conveying lump waste gypsum A1 roughly divided by crusher 1 to the next step (first crusher 3),
A magnetic separator 21 for removing iron components (hereinafter referred to as iron scrap) mixed in the lump gypsum waste A1 being conveyed by the conveyor 2;
A first crusher 3 capable of crushing lump gypsum waste A1 falling from the terminal end of the conveyor 2 to a standard particle size or less to be a recycled raw material A;
A conveying device 4 for conveying the first crushing gypsum A2 mixed with a piece of paper crushed by the first crusher 3 to the next step (paper piece separator 5);
A paper piece separator 5 for separating the paper piece P1 from the primary crushing gypsum A2 mixed with the paper pieces conveyed by the conveying device 4;
A particle size separator 6 for separating the remaining crushed gypsum A3 from which the paper piece P1 has been separated by the paper piece separator 5 into a fine gypsum A having a particle size of less than the standard particle size and a coarser gypsum A4 larger than that;
A second crusher 7 for crushing the coarse gypsum A4 separated by the particle size separator 6 again,
A vibrating sieve 8 for removing the remaining waste paper P2 mixed in the second crushed gypsum A5 crushed by the second crusher 7,
A return passage 9 for returning the sorted crushed gypsum A6 separated by the vibrating sieve 8 to the conveying device 4,
And the fine gypsum A separated as a regenerated raw material in the particle size separator 6 is sequentially collected in the regenerated raw material container 67.

  The gypsum waste material (waste gypsum board) transported from the demolition site is often affixed with paper, and is often mixed with foreign material such as wood chips, metal or plastic mixed with the gypsum waste material. Then, before putting the dismantled gypsum waste material A0 into the crusher 1, foreign matters such as wood pieces, metal and plastic are previously removed from the dismantled gypsum waste material A0 by hand sorting. Note that the demolished gypsum waste A0 has an unspecified shape and a considerable size.

  The crusher 1 is for roughly dividing an unstructured large-sized dismantled gypsum waste material (waste gypsum board) A0 into a size of about 50 mm or less on one side (this size is not particularly limited). Is. In this crusher 1, scraped gypsum waste A0 is put into the hopper 11 by heavy equipment.

  In this crusher 1, a large lump (unspecified shape) gypsum waste material is roughly divided into lump shapes of a predetermined size (one side of about 50 mm or less), and the paper stuck to the gypsum waste material is also divided at that time. The divided piece of paper remains stuck to the lump gypsum waste material A1. The lump gypsum waste material A1 roughly divided by the crusher 1 is sequentially fed onto the start end of the conveyor 2 by a predetermined amount by a feeding conveyor (screw conveyor) 12.

  A conveyor belt is used for the transfer conveyor 2. A magnetic separator 21 for removing iron components (iron scraps) in the lump gypsum waste material A1 transported by the transport conveyor 2 is provided at an appropriate place of the transport conveyor 2.

  In the embodiment, the magnetic separator 21 is provided at the end roller portion of the conveyor 2 as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. And if there is iron scrap in the massive plaster waste material A1 transported by the transport conveyor 2, the scrap iron F is magnetically adsorbed by the magnetic separator 21 at the end of the transport conveyor (conveyor belt), so that the normal massive plaster waste material Separated from A1. Then, the iron scrap F separated from the normal lump gypsum waste A1 is stored in the iron scrap container 23 through the iron scrap passage 22. The magnetic separator 21 may be provided on the upper surface traveling portion of the transfer conveyor (conveyor belt) 2.

  A first crusher 3 (enlarged in FIG. 2) is provided below the end of the conveyor 2 to crush the gypsum waste material A1 that sequentially falls from the end of the conveyor. . The first crusher 3 has a pair of left and right crushing rollers 31, 31 in a casing, and a lump gypsum waste material A 1 is passed between the crushing rollers 31, 31 so that the fine particle size is less than a standard particle size (about 3 mm). Crush to granulated gypsum A2. The crushing action by the crushing rollers 31 and 31 can crush the lump gypsum waste material A1 into fine particles, but the crushing action is small for the paper stuck to the lump gypsum waste material A1. is there. Therefore, even if the gypsum waste material is crushed into pieces, most of the paper remains in its original size (about 50 mm on a side), but most of the crushed fine gypsum (made up into pieces) Separation from paper.

  The both crushing rollers 31 and 31 of the first crusher 3 are in pressure contact with each other at a predetermined pressure (pressure capable of crushing the gypsum waste material), but large hard foreign matter enters between the crushing rollers 31 and 31. Then, the space between the crushing rollers 31, 31 is expanded by the large hard foreign matter so that the large hard foreign matter passes as it is. Then, at the moment when the distance between the crushing rollers 31 is increased, the gypsum waste material may pass in a state of being larger than the standard particle size.

  The conveyance device 4 conveys the primary crushing gypsum A2 mixed with the paper pieces crushed by the first crusher 3 to the paper piece separator 5 in the next process. In this embodiment, the vertical conveyor 41 is used as the conveyance device 4. Is used. In addition, this conveying apparatus 4 (vertical conveyor 41) is enlarged and shown in FIG.2 and FIG.3.

  The vertical conveyor 41 is configured to accommodate a vertically long casing 42 in which a large number of buckets 44, 44,. The lower part of the casing 42 becomes a granule reservoir 42a, and the primary crushing gypsum A2 from the first crusher 3 is sequentially dropped and stored in the granule reservoir 42a through the granule passage 32. .

  The chain 43 circulates in the direction of the arrow, and each bucket 44, 44... Sequentially moves in the clockwise direction (arrow R) at the bottom. Then, the primary crushing gypsum A2 stored in the granular material reservoir 42a is sequentially lifted up by the buckets 44, 44, and conveyed upward.

  In the upper part of the casing 42, a communication path 45 that is continuous with the starting end of the paper piece separator 5 is provided. The primary crushed gypsum A2 conveyed upward by the buckets 44, 44,... Is sequentially discharged to the communication path 45 at the upper end of the vertical conveyor 41, and then supplied to the starting end of the paper piece separator 5. The

  The paper piece separator 5 is for separating the primary crushing gypsum A2 mixed with paper pieces into a paper piece P1 and crushing gypsum A3. The paper piece separator 5 has a horizontally long casing 51 having a filter 52 at the bottom, and a transfer rod 53 for sequentially feeding the first crushing gypsum A2 mixed with the paper pieces put into the horizontally long casing 51. is doing.

  The communication passage 45 is connected to the start end portion 51 a of the horizontally long casing 51, and the paper piece passage 55 is connected to the end portion 51 b of the horizontally long casing 51. A paper piece container 56 is installed below the paper piece passage 55.

  The filter 52 has a mesh (for example, a punching hole or mesh of about 10 mm) that can pass the crushed gypsum A3 of the primary crushed gypsum A2 that has been crushed by the first crusher 3, while preventing passage of the paper piece P1. Have.

  The transfer rod 53 has a length over the entire length of the horizontally long casing 51. A large number of push blades 54, 54... Are attached to the outer periphery of the transfer rod 53.

  The paper piece separator 5 sequentially feeds the primary crushing gypsum A2 mixed with the paper pieces put into the start end portion 51a of the horizontally long casing 51 by rotating the transfer rod 53 in the feed direction with a motor. During the transfer, the crushed gypsum A3 having a particle size smaller than the mesh of the filter 52 falls downward through the mesh of the filter 52, while the paper piece P1 larger than the mesh of the filter 52 reaches the end portion 51b of the horizontally long casing 51. It is transported and discharged from the casing end portion 51b into the paper piece passage 55.

  Most of the crushed gypsum A3 falling through the mesh of the filter 52 is a gypsum component, and since the crushed gypsum A3 is crushed into fine particles, most of it passes through the filter 52 portion.

  On the other hand, the paper piece P1 that does not pass through the mesh of the filter 52 is discharged from the casing end portion 51b into the paper piece passage 55 and then stored in the paper piece container 56 through the paper piece passage 55. It is conceivable that the finely divided paper piece passes through the mesh when moving through the filter 52 and is mixed into the crushed gypsum A3, but the amount thereof is insignificant.

  If foreign matter larger than the mesh (about 10 mm) of the filter 52 is mixed in the primary crushed gypsum A2, the large foreign matter is discharged together with the paper piece P1 from the casing end portion 51b into the paper piece passage 55 ( Stored in the paper piece container 56).

  The crushed gypsum A3 dropped downward from the filter 52 is collected on the input passage 58 of the particle size separator 6 by the collecting conveyor (screw conveyor) 57 installed below the filter 52, and the input passage 58. Fall into. The collection conveyor 57 has left and right screw blades attached in opposite directions so that the crushed gypsum A3 falling from the filter 52 portion can be collected on the center side (on the input passage 58).

  The crushed gypsum A3 that has fallen into the input passage 58 is input to the particle size separator 6. The particle size separator 6 separates the coarse gypsum A4, which could not be crushed to the standard particle size (3 mm) or less in the first crusher 3, from the fine gypsum A used as a recycled raw material. So we use a vibrating screen.

  The particle size sorter (vibrating sieve machine) 6 has its casing 61 partitioned into an upper chamber 63 and a lower chamber 64 by a sieve net 62 and can be vibrated up and down with the casing 61 by a vibration motor (not shown). It has become.

  The mesh of the sieving net 62 is about 3 mm, and only fine gypsum (recycled raw material) A having a standard particle size (3 mm) or less can pass through the sieving net 62. A coarse passage 65 is connected to the upper chamber 63, while a fine passage 66 is connected to the lower chamber 64.

  The particle size separator 6 separates the crushed gypsum A3 charged into the upper chamber 63 of the casing 61 into coarse gypsum A4 and fine gypsum A using a sieve net 62, and the coarse gypsum A4 is coarsely divided. The fine gypsum A is discharged into the fine passage 66 while being discharged into the passage 65. Incidentally, most of the crushed gypsum A3 charged into the particle size separator 6 is crushed to the standard particle size or less by the first crusher 3, so that the coarse particles discharged to the coarse passage 65 side. A small amount of gypsum A4.

  Fine gypsum A (a large amount of the crushed gypsum A3) discharged into the fine particle passage 66 is directly used as a regenerated raw material, and the fine gypsum A passes through the fine particle passage 66 and is a regenerated raw material container 67. It is stored in.

  On the other hand, the coarse gypsum A4 that has been separated as exceeding the standard particle diameter is fed into the second crusher 7 of the next step. As the second crusher 7, the one having a pair of left and right crushing rollers 71, 71 is employed in the same manner as the first crusher 3 described above. The amount of the coarse gypsum A4 charged into the second crusher 7 is only a small amount because it exceeds the standard particle size in the particle size separator 6, and the second crusher 7 surely removes hard foreign matters. It can be crushed below the standard particle size. In the second crusher 7, hard foreign matter passes as it is.

  The secondary crushing gypsum A5 crushed by the second crusher 7 is mostly fine gypsum A that is a product (good product), but the second crushing gypsum A5 is very small but very small. Scrap paper P2 may be mixed. That is, in the coarse gypsum A4 separated as exceeding the standard particle size in the particle size separator 6, there is a small amount of waste paper (one side of which is less than 10 mm) that has not been separated by the paper piece separator 5. Although it may be mixed, the waste paper is mixed in the second crushed gypsum A5 with almost no separation even when crushed by the second crusher 7 (both crushing rollers 71, 71).

  Then, the second crushing gypsum A5 crushed by the second crusher 7 is put into the vibrating screen machine 8 for separating waste paper, and the waste paper P2 is removed by the vibrating screen machine 8. Yes.

  As with the particle size separator 6, the vibrating screen 8 divides the casing 81 into an upper chamber 83 and a lower chamber 84 with a screen 82 and vibrates the casing 81 up and down with a vibration motor (not shown). It has become possible to let you. In addition, a waste paper passage 85 is connected to the upper chamber 83, while a granule passage 86 is connected to the lower chamber 84.

  The mesh of the sieve screen 82 of the vibration sieving machine 8 is about 5 mm, but most of the waste paper P2 in the secondary crushed gypsum A5 charged into the upper chamber 83 is larger than 5 mm (less than 10 mm). Therefore, most of the waste paper P2 is discharged to the waste paper passage 85 on the upper chamber 83 side without passing through the sieve net 82. A waste paper container 87 is installed below the waste paper path 85, and the waste paper P 2 discharged to the waste paper path 85 is stored in the waste paper container 87. In addition, since the foreign material exceeding 5 mm cannot pass through the sieve net 82, it is stored in the waste paper container 87 together with the waste paper P2.

  On the other hand, since the second crushing gypsum A5 charged into the upper chamber 83 is crushed by the second crusher 7, most of the hard excluding the foreign material is a fine gypsum having a particle size of less than the standard particle size (3 mm or less). A6, so that it can smoothly pass through the sieve net 82.

  The fine gypsum A6 that has passed through the sieve screen 82 of the vibration sieving machine 8 is discharged from the lower chamber 84 to the granule passage 86, and the return passage 9 is connected to the lower portion of the granule passage 86.

  The lower portion of the return passage 9 is connected to a granule reservoir portion 42a at the lower portion of the casing 72 of the vertical conveyor 41, and the crushed gypsum A6 flowing down the return passage 9 is directly returned into the granule reservoir portion 42a. . The connecting portion of the return passage 9 with respect to the granule accumulation portion 42a is a front-rear facing position of the portion where the granule passage 32 of the first crusher 3 is connected, and the granule accumulation portion 42a includes a first portion. The primary crushing gypsum A2 from the crusher 3 and the fine gypsum A6 from the return passage 9 come to join.

  And after crushing gypsum A6 returned to the granule accumulation part 42a from the return path 9 joins the primary crushing gypsum A2 supplied from the 1st crusher 3, it is a vertical conveyor with this primary crushing gypsum A2. 41, and is supplied to the paper piece separator 5 again, then passes through the filter 52 of the paper piece separator 5 and falls to the particle size separator 6 to be separated by the particle size separator 6. (Gypsum raw material)

  By the way, the size of the waste gypsum to be treated cannot pass through the sieve screen 62 (mesh is 3 mm) of the particle size separator 6 and passes through the screen 82 (mesh is 5 mm) of the vibrating screen 8 (3 mm). Hard foreign matter (for example, stone particles, plastic scraps and non-ferrous metals) may be mixed. And since the hard foreign substance of such a size (3 mm or more and 5 mm or less) cannot be crushed small with the 1st crusher 3 and the 2nd crusher 7, it is the vertical conveyor 41-> the filter 52 of the paper piece separator 5-> particle size. The path of the sieve screen 62 of the sorting machine 6 → the second crusher 7 → the sieve screen 82 of the vibrating screen machine 8 → the return passage 9 → the granule accumulation part 42 a of the vertical conveyor 41 is circulated many times. Accordingly, if the operation is performed for a long time, the amount of the hard foreign matter increases in the circulation path, and accordingly, the processing ability of the non-defective product (gypsum component) decreases.

  In view of this, in the gypsum waste material recycling apparatus of this embodiment, the return passage 9 is provided with a damper 91 that guides the passing material (in this case, mainly hard foreign matter) passing through the return passage 9 to the outside of the return passage 9. The damper 91 is provided with a discharge passage 92 branched from the return passage 9. Normally, the damper 91 opens the return passage 9 (the discharge passage 92 is closed), but the damper is switched ( The state of reference numeral 91 ') allows the passing material A6 passing through the return passage 9 to be guided to the discharge passage 92 side as indicated by reference numeral A6'. The foreign matter (mainly hard foreign matter) A6 ′ guided to the discharge passage 92 side is accommodated in the foreign matter container 93.

  The damper 91 can be switched by a manual lever or a telescopic cylinder. In order to exclude the hard foreign matter A6 ′ in the circulation path to the outside, the crusher 1 and the conveyor 2 are stopped and the supply of the raw material to the conveyor 4 (vertical conveyor 41) is interrupted ( At this time, the damper 91 is kept on the return path open side), the vertical conveyor 41, the paper piece separator 5, the particle size separator 6, the second crusher 7, and the vibration sieve 8 are operated for a certain period of time. After the gypsum component (recycled raw material A) is recovered from the raw material in the circulation path (most of the remaining is hard foreign matter), the return path is closed (discharged) so that the damper 91 is shown by a chain line (reference numeral 91 'in FIG. 6). Switch to the open side of the passage 92). Then, the hard foreign matter (passage) A6 ′ discharged from the granule passage 86 of the vibrating screen 8 to the return passage 9 side is discharged to the outside (foreign matter container 93) through the discharge passage 92 by the damper 91 ′. After the discharge of the hard foreign matter A6 ′ from the discharge passage 92, the damper 91 ′ is switched to the original side (the discharge passage 92 is closed and the return passage 9 is opened), and normal operation is resumed. Can do.

  The operation method of the gypsum waste material recycling raw material recycling apparatus of this embodiment (FIGS. 1 to 6) will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, the massive gypsum waste material A0 transported from the dismantling site is put into the hopper 11 of the crusher 1 shown in FIG. 1, where the gypsum waste material A0 is a lump of a predetermined size (a size of about 50 mm on a side). Are roughly divided (S1 in FIG. 7). When the large block gypsum waste material A0 is roughly divided in this step S1, it becomes a paper-attached block gypsum waste material A1.

  Next, the paper adhering lump gypsum waste material A1 is input to the starting end of the transfer conveyor 2 by the input conveyor 12 (FIG. 1), and is transferred by the transfer conveyor 2 (S2 in FIG. 7). And if iron scraps are mixed in the paper adhering lump gypsum waste A1, the iron scraps F are removed by the magnetic separator 21 at the end of the conveyor 2 (S3 in FIG. 7). The removed iron scrap F is stored in the iron scrap container 23 through the iron scrap passage 22.

  The lump gypsum waste material A1 dropped from the terminal end of the conveyor 2 is crushed to a standard particle size (3 mm) or less by the two crushing rollers 31 and 31 (FIG. 2) of the first crusher 3 (S4 in FIG. 7). At this time, lump gypsum waste material A1 becomes primary crush gypsum A2, and this primary crush gypsum A2 is mostly crushed into fine particles (particle size to be recycled raw material), Some gypsum components may pass in a larger particle size (coarse gypsum) than the standard particle size (3 mm). Further, in this first crusher 3, since the paper stuck to the lump gypsum waste material A1 is hardly divided, the gypsum component is mixed in a separated piece of paper (the fine piece gypsum A2 mixed with the piece of paper in FIG. 7). Become). The primary crushing gypsum A2 that has passed through the first crusher 3 passes through the granule passage 32 and is stored in the granule accumulation part 42a of the vertical conveyor 41.

  The primary crushing gypsum A2 stored in the granule accumulation part 42a is picked up by the bucket 44 and conveyed upward when the bucket 44 of the vertical conveyor 41 passes through the lowermost part (arrow R in FIG. 2). (S5 in FIG. 7). Then, when the bucket 44 containing the primary crushed gypsum A2 passes through the upper end of the vertical conveyor 41, the primary crushed gypsum A2 in the bucket 44 is discharged to the communication path 45 as shown in FIG. The primary crushed gypsum A2 discharged into the communication passage 45 is sequentially put into the starting end portion 51a of the paper piece separator 5 (horizontal casing 51).

  The primary crushed gypsum (paper piece-mixed fine gypsum) A2 charged into the starting end 51a of the paper piece separator 5 is transferred to the end portion 51b side in the horizontally long casing 51 by the transfer rod 53 as shown in FIG. At that time, the gypsum component is in the form of fine granules (crushed gypsum A3), so it falls through the mesh portion (10 mm) of the filter 52, while the paper piece P1 is larger than the mesh of the filter 52, so that the horizontally long casing 51 is left as it is. Is transferred to the terminal end portion 51b of the paper, and stored in the paper piece container 56 through the paper piece passage 55 (S6 and S7 in FIG. 7).

  The crushed gypsum A3 dropped through the filter 52 of the paper piece separator 5 is collected by the collecting conveyor 57 in the input passage 58, and is input to the particle size separator 6 (in the upper chamber 63) through the input passage 58. (See FIG. 5). Note that most of the crushed gypsum A3 charged into the particle size separator 6 is crushed into fine gypsum having a standard particle size (3 mm) or less by the first crusher 3, but the crushed gypsum A3 In some cases, a small amount of coarse gypsum (3 mm to 10 mm) larger than the standard particle size is also mixed.

  In the particle size separator 6, as shown in FIG. 5, only fine gypsum A having a standard particle size (3 mm) or less in the crushed gypsum A 3 charged into the upper chamber 63 passes through the sieve net 62 and the lower chamber 64. Coarse gypsum A4 that falls inside but cannot pass through the sieve net 62 is discharged from the upper chamber 63 toward the coarse passage 65 (S8 in FIG. 7). Then, the fine gypsum A that has fallen into the lower chamber 64 is accommodated in the recycled material container 67 through the fine granule passage 66 from the lower chamber 64 (S9 in FIG. 7). The fine-gypsum A contained in the recycled material container 67 has only a particle size of not more than the standard particle size (3 mm), and thus becomes a highly accurate recycled material that is not mixed with coarse-gypsum (and foreign matter). .

  On the other hand, the remaining coarse gypsum A4 that cannot pass through the sieve net 62 is supplied from the upper chamber 63 to the second crusher 7 through the coarse grain passage 65 (see FIG. 5). The coarse gypsum A4 supplied to the second crusher 7 is a small amount that cannot pass through the mesh (3 mm) of the sieve net 62. The coarse gypsum A4 may contain a small amount of scrap paper or hard foreign matter.

  In the second crusher 7, the fine gypsum A4 supplied from the coarse passage 65 is crushed again by both crushing rollers 71, 71 (S10 in FIG. 7). At this time, since a small amount of the fine gypsum A4 supplied to the second crusher 7 is small, the gypsum component in the fine gypsum A4 is reliably crushed to a standard particle size or less. In the second crushing gypsum A5 crushed by the second crusher 7, a small amount of scrap paper may be mixed.

  The second crushed gypsum A5 crushed again by the second crusher 7 is supplied to the vibrating sieve 8 (see FIG. 6), where the waste paper P2 is separated (S11 in FIG. 7). Note that the mesh of the sieve screen 82 of the vibration sieving machine 8 is 5 mm, and waste paper P2 larger than the mesh passes through the waste paper passage 85 of the upper chamber 83 and is stored in the waste paper container 87 (S12 in FIG. 7). ). On the other hand, the gypsum component of the second crushed gypsum A5 (crushed gypsum A6) is smaller than the mesh of the sieving net 82, and thus falls through the sieving net 82 into the lower chamber 84 and then returns through the granule passage 86. It is supplied to the passage 9 and flows down in the return passage 9 (S13 in FIG. 7).

  The damper 91 of the return passage 9 is normally located on the return passage opening side, and the residue (crushed gypsum A6) supplied to the return passage 9 is returned to the granule accumulation part 42a of the vertical conveyor 41 (FIG. 7 S14). The residue (crushed gypsum A6) returned to the granule reservoir 42a merges with the primary crush gypsum A2 supplied from the first crusher 3 in the granule reservoir 42a and is used again as a raw material. (Supplied to each step after S5 in FIG. 7).

  In addition, when operating for a long time, as described above, the amount of hard foreign matter that is not discharged to the outside may increase, in that case, by switching the damper 91 in the return passage 9 to the return passage closed side, The hard foreign matter can be discharged to the outside as indicated by arrow A6 '.

  Therefore, the gypsum waste material recycling apparatus of this embodiment can achieve the effects of claims 1 to 5 described above.

  1 is a crusher, 2 is a conveyor, 3 is a first crusher, 4 is a conveying device, 5 is a paper piece separator, 6 is a particle size separator, 7 is a second crusher, 8 is a vibrating sieve, and 9 is Return passage, 21 is a magnetic separator, 41 is a vertical conveyor, 42a is a granule reservoir, 67 is a recycled material container, 91 is a damper, A is fine gypsum (recycled material), A1 is lump gypsum waste, and A2 is first Next crushing gypsum, A3 is crushing gypsum, A4 is coarse gypsum, A5 is second crushing gypsum, A6 is crushing gypsum, A6 'is a hard foreign material, P1 is a piece of paper, P2 is scrap paper, and F is iron scrap.

Claims (5)

  A crusher (1) for roughly dividing a large lump-shaped dismantled gypsum waste material (A0) to which paper is adhered, and a lump gypsum waste material (A1) roughly divided by the crusher (1) A first crusher (3) that can be crushed to a standard particle size or less as a recycled material, and a conveying device that conveys the first crushed gypsum (A2) crushed by the first crusher (3) to the next process side ( 4), a paper piece separator (5) for separating the paper piece (P1) from the primary crushed gypsum (A2) conveyed by the conveying device (4), and a paper piece (P1) by the paper piece separator (5) A particle size sorter (6) that separates the remaining crushed gypsum (A3) from which the gypsum has been separated into fine gypsum (A) having a particle size equal to or less than the standard particle size and a larger gypsum (A4). The second crusher (7) that crushes the coarse gypsum (A4) separated by the particle size separator (6) again and the second crusher crushed by the second crusher (7). And a return passage (9) for returning the next crushed gypsum (A5) to the conveying device (4), and only the fine gypsum (A) separated as a recycled raw material in the particle size separator (6). A gypsum waste material reclaimed raw material conversion device which is sequentially collected in a reclaimed raw material container (67).   Waste remaining in the second crushing gypsum (A5) crushed by the second crusher (7) between the second crusher (7) and the return passage (9) according to claim 1. A vibrating screen (8) for separating the paper (P2) is provided, and only the fine gypsum (A6) from which the waste paper (P2) has been removed by the vibrating screen (8) is returned to the return passage (9). A gypsum waste material recycling raw material recycling device.   In Claim 1 or 2, while providing the conveyance conveyor (2) which conveys a block gypsum waste material (A1) between the said crusher (1) and a said 1st crusher (3), this conveyance conveyor (2 ) Is provided with a magnetic separator (21) for removing iron scraps (F) in the lump gypsum waste (A1).   The damper (91) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the return passage (9) is provided with a damper (91) for guiding a passing material passing through the return passage (9) to the outside of the return passage (9). Gypsum waste material recycling equipment.   In any one of Claims 1 to 4, while using a vertical conveyor (41) for the conveying device (4), a granular material reservoir (42a) is provided at the lower end of the casing of the vertical conveyor (41), A gypsum waste material, characterized in that the granule passage (32) from the first fine granulator (3) and the return passage (9) are connected to the front and rear facing positions of the granule reservoir (42a). Recycling equipment.

Images