JP2001070814A - Equipment for waste gypsum plaster board crushing/ separation treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To subject a large amount of waste gypsum plaster boards to rapid disposal by physically crushing the waste gypsum plaster boards, separating the crushed material into a gypsum fraction and a paper fraction, and thereafter subjecting these fractions to separate disposal, that is, discharging the gypsum fraction as a recycle raw material and also as a material capable of easily being subjected to least controlled disposal. SOLUTION: This equipment is provided with a crusher 12, a separator 13 placed below the crusher 12, and a classifier 16. The treatment process using the equipment comprises: crushing waste gypsum plaster boards into a crushed material by the crusher 12; transferring the crushed material to the separator 13; separating the crushed material into a gypsum fraction and a paper fraction by a rotor in a cylindrical chamber of the separator 13; discharging the separated fractions of the crushed material from their respective discharge openings; then transferring the separated fractions to the classifier 16 through a second conveyor 14 and a third conveyor 15; and in the classifier 16, further classifying the separated fractions into a gypsum fraction, a paper fraction and an unseparated fraction into the gypsum fraction and the paper fraction. The gypsum fraction is subjected to least controlled disposal.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention generally relates to an industrial waste treatment apparatus, and more particularly, to an apparatus for crushing and separating waste gypsum boards. According to the Gypsum Board Industry Association, the amount of waste gypsum board discharged was 1,600,400 tons in 1999, including manufacturing, construction, and demolition, and 1,794,800 tons, 2010 in 2000.
The company estimates that it will reach 2,726,200 tons in the fiscal year. On the other hand, from June 1998, a new “decree to partially amend the law on the treatment and cleaning of wastes” was enacted. As a result, a review of stable industrial waste was conducted.Especially with regard to waste gypsum board, stable disposal in the past was not possible in principle, and all was transferred to managed disposal, with the exception of separating paper. Only plaster that has been settled is accepted for stable disposal.

[0002] For this reason, the treatment of waste gypsum boards has become a major social problem in the related industries including the related industries, including the problem of environmental pollution.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, waste gypsum boards have been easily disposed of as stable industrial wastes together with other similar industrial wastes as described above. However, due to the revision of the law, such processing cannot be performed uniformly. For this reason, a pretreatment process has been required when disposing of a large amount of waste gypsum board. For example, one manufacturer
After pre-crushing waste gypsum board for disposal in advance and putting this crushed waste gypsum board into a rotary kiln to completely incinerate the paper, only the non-combustible gypsum part is collected. The company has announced a method to treat this as stable industrial waste.

[0004]

However, in such a pretreatment step, a fungicide (for example, arsenic) or the like which is often mixed in the waste gypsum board generates harmful gas at the time of combustion, so that people in the vicinity of the combustion plant, There is a danger of harming plants, livestock, etc., and such a pretreatment process becomes a source of air pollution in the vicinity and has been opposed by local residents. In addition, the transition from stable disposal to controlled disposal tends to increase waste gypsum board disposal costs. In addition, the capacity of the existing landfill is now approaching saturation, and it is difficult for local residents to obtain consent to open a new landfill. For this reason, it is fundamentally most desirable to use waste gypsum boards and the like as recycled resources without discarding them. However, even today, an effective method for recycling such waste gypsum board has not been established. For this reason, many waste gypsum boards are now floating in the air in a state of being piled up waiting for an effective recycling method or treatment method.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention was created to satisfy such an urgent demand, and crushes waste gypsum board by simply physical treatment without performing chemical treatment accompanying combustion. Then, the gypsum part and the paper part are separated, and then they are separately separated, that is, the gypsum part is discharged in a very ideal state as a recycled material and can be easily processed by stable disposal, while the remaining paper The part provides an apparatus for safely and effectively disposing of large quantities of waste gypsum board quickly by turning it into controlled disposal.

[0006]

FIG. 1 is an overall elevational view of a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof. The waste gypsum board processing apparatus 10 according to the present invention includes a first conveyor 11 for transporting waste gypsum board to be processed,
A crusher 12 that divides and crushes the waste gypsum board conveyed by the conveyor 11, and further crushes the waste gypsum board crushed and crushed by the crusher 12 while simultaneously separating the gypsum portion and the paper portion from each other. A separator 13 and a second conveyor 14 and a third conveyor 13 for unloading the waste gypsum board crushed material separated into the gypsum portion and the paper portion from the separator 13.
Conveyor 15; Separator 16 for separating crushed waste gypsum board carried out by third conveyor 15 into gypsum portions and paper portions and sorting by particle size; and insufficient separation of gypsum portions and paper portions A return belt 17 for returning the waste gypsum board crushed material that cannot be sufficiently sorted to the first conveyor 11,
A fourth conveyor 18 for unloading the gypsum powder sorted by the sorter 16 as the fine powder portion, a fifth conveyor 19 for unloading the paper portion of the gypsum board similarly sorted as the paper portion by the sorter 16, and a work environment And a control panel 21 for controlling the entire operation of the apparatus 10, and a waste gypsum board loading platform 22 for loading waste gypsum board into the first conveyor 11. .
Here, the waste gypsum board to be treated includes a waste gypsum board such as that generated at the time of gypsum board production in a gypsum board manufacturing plant or the like, a waste gypsum board such as that generated during construction when actually used in a house or the like, Further, it includes used waste gypsum boards and the like generated when dismantling houses and the like.

The first conveyor 11 is, for example, a rubber conveyor composed of a known center belt, and is arranged to be inclined upward from one end to the other end. A waste gypsum board loading frame 22 for temporarily storing waste gypsum board and supplying the waste gypsum board to the first conveyor 11 is disposed near one end at a lower position.

The first conveyor 11 has a function of supplying a waste gypsum board having a side of, for example, about 300 mm to 500 mm, which is carried in from a gypsum board manufacturing factory, a new construction site such as a house, or a dismantler, etc., to the crusher 12. Have. If the crushed waste gypsum board is larger than this, it is preferable that the crushed waste gypsum board be crushed in advance so as to have a predetermined size.

The upper end of the first conveyor 11 is connected to a crusher 12 shown in FIGS.
The waste gypsum board supplied by 1 is sequentially fed into the crusher 12. The crusher 12 includes a waste gypsum board receiving chamber 31 that receives the other end of the first conveyor 11,
A crushing chamber 32 is provided below the waste gypsum board receiving chamber 31 and crushes the received waste gypsum board.

The upper waste gypsum board receiving chamber 31 receives the waste gypsum board receiving opening 33 for receiving the other end of the first conveyor 11 and the waste gypsum board received in the gypsum board receiving chamber 31 as it is. Waste gypsum board supply opening 34 for supplying to the lower crushing chamber 32. The waste gypsum board receiving chamber 31 has an inclined surface structure at the lower part of the side wall of the receiving chamber 31 so that the waste gypsum board does not accumulate inside. As shown in FIG. 5, a hanging 35 made of, for example, rubber, thick cloth, or thick plastic is suspended from the upper part of the waste gypsum board receiving opening 33. The hanging portion 35 has a hanging portion divided into a plurality of strips, and when the waste gypsum board placed on the conveyor 11 touches, the waste gypsum board receiving chamber 31 is easily formed.
And the waste gypsum board is received into the receiving chamber 31. When the crushed material crushed in the crushing chamber 32 scatters to the receiving opening 33 for some reason, the scattered material is dropped. The scattered material is prevented from colliding with the crusher 35 and flowing out of the crusher 12 therefrom. As shown in FIG. 4, at least one side wall of the receiving chamber 31 is provided with an openable / closable member 36 that can be opened as necessary, so that maintenance and inspection of the inside of the receiving chamber 31 can be easily performed. Like that.

The crushing chamber 32 is a space for crushing the waste gypsum board. The upper part is opened to the waste gypsum board supply opening 34 of the receiving chamber 31, and the waste gypsum board received by the first conveyor 11 into the receiving chamber 31 is sequentially supplied from the first conveyor 11 to the crushing chamber 32. Below, the waste gypsum board crushed in the crushing chamber 32 is separated by the separator 1.
An opening 37 for supplying the liquid to the third nozzle 3 is formed. In the crushing chamber 32, crushing means 40 for crushing the waste gypsum board supplied from the receiving chamber 31 is provided.

The crushing means 40 is, as shown in FIG.
It is constituted by a pair of rotors 41 and 42 having a rotation axis parallel to each other and arranged at a predetermined interval. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the rotors 41 and 42 have a plurality of blades which are arranged at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the rotor by a separating means (not shown) such as a spacer. 43 and 44 are provided. These blades 43 constituting the rotors 41 and 42,
Reference numerals 44 are alternately engaged at predetermined intervals so as not to collide with each other. Further, in the embodiment, each blade 4
The central portions of the rotors 3 and 44 are fixedly disposed with respect to the central rotation axes of the rotors 41 and 42, respectively, and extend linearly outward from the central portions in the radial direction. They are arranged at intervals of 60 °. However, the widthwise spacing of these rotors or the longitudinal spacing of the blades with respect to the longitudinal axis of the rotor, and furthermore the spacing in the rotational direction with respect to the rotational direction of the blades, etc., are important factors for specifying the crush size of the waste gypsum board. ing. For this reason, for example, the length of the blades, their intervals or angles, etc., are desirably adjusted so that they can be freely adjusted according to the crushing size of the waste gypsum board, and when each blade is worn or broken. Preferably, the blades are attached by removable fastening means, such as bolts, so that the desired blades can be easily replaced.

In the crushing chamber 32, a pair of upper parts for supplying waste gypsum board supplied from the waste gypsum board supply opening 34 to an intermediate nip portion between the rotor 41 and the rotor 42 are provided above the crushing means 40. A guide plate 45 is attached. Similarly, a pair of lower guide plates 46 for directing the waste gypsum board crushed by the crushing means 40 to the opening 37 is attached below the crushing means 40. This prevents the waste gypsum board crushed by the crushing means 40 from accumulating in the crushing chamber 32. Of course, the guide plates 45 and 46 can be omitted by forming the crushing chamber 32 into a structure having the guide plates 45 and 46 from the beginning.
On the outer side of the crushing chamber 32, starting devices 47 and 48 such as electric motors for rotating the rotors 41 and 42 are provided, and these starting devices are attached to the rotors 41 and 42 by arrows 49 in FIG. , 50. Here, it is preferable that the rotors 41 and 42 rotate at mutually different rotation speeds. For example, the rotation speed of the rotor 41 is 1500 rpm, and the rotation speed of the rotor 42 is 10 rpm.
00 rpm. If the difference in the number of revolutions increases, the crushing function increases, but the wear of the blades increases, so that the above-mentioned number of revolutions is considered to be practical.

A separator 13 is disposed below the crusher 12, and the crushed waste gypsum board crushed by the crusher 12 is then sent to the separator 13. Separator 13
As shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8, a cylindrical chamber 51 having a substantially cylindrical shape and arranged obliquely,
A rotating body 52 disposed coaxially with the cylindrical chamber 1 and rotating in the cylindrical chamber; an upper closing member 53 closing an upper end of the inclined cylindrical chamber 51;
Lower closing member 54 closing the lower end of cylindrical chamber 51
A starting device 55 such as an electric motor for rotating the rotating body 52;
And a holding table 56 that is held at an angle of 5 degrees. The cylindrical chamber 51 has, at an upper position, a hopper 57 disposed in contact with the opening 37 of the crusher 12, and at a lower position, a discharge opening 58 for discharging crushed waste gypsum board processed in the cylindrical chamber 51. ,have.

The rotating body 52 has a central rotating shaft 60 and a pair of cross-shaped projecting pieces 61 extending at right angles to each other at a certain interval radially outward from positions near both ends thereof. And four separating blades 62 extending in parallel with the axial direction of the rotary shaft 60 and fixed to the distal end of the protruding piece 61 at the end thereof. Separating blade 6
The maximum rotation diameter of the rotating body 52 formed by the outer edge portion of the separation blade 62 is slightly smaller than the inner wall diameter of the cylindrical chamber 51.
Are in a state where they can be freely rotated at small intervals in the cylindrical chamber 51.

The rotary shaft 60 has both ends extending to the outside of the cylindrical chamber 51 through holes provided at the center of the upper closing member 53 and the lower closing member 54, respectively, and is moved to the upper closing member 53 and the lower closing member 54. Bearings 63, 6 screwed on
4 rotatably held. This rotating shaft 60
A pulley 65 (see FIG. 7), which is activated via a V-belt or the like (not shown) by an activation device 55 (see FIGS. 6 and 7), is attached to the lower end of the rotating body 52 in this manner. It is free to move. Although the separation blade 62 is a straight blade in the illustrated example, it may be a curved blade if necessary. Thereby, the separator 13
Can be mounted horizontally, which facilitates the mounting. In this case, the positions of the pair of projecting pieces 61 are arranged at positions twisted with respect to the rotation shaft 60. Further, the number of separation blades 62 is not limited to four, and may be smaller or larger.

FIG. 9 shows the separator 13 shown in FIG.
A modification of the rotating body 52 is shown. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the same parts as those of the apparatus shown in FIG. 8 are indicated by adding A to the reference numerals used in FIG. The difference between the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 and the embodiment shown in FIG.
The structure is as follows. In this embodiment, a rotating shaft 60A at the center of the rotating body 52A and a plurality of pairs (five pairs are shown in the embodiment of FIG. 9) 62A fixed to the rotating shaft 60A are configured. Have been. Each pair of separation blades 62A is formed of three blades in the embodiment of FIG. Each blade has an intermediate portion at a predetermined interval in the axial direction of the rotation shaft 60A, and the blades are equiangular with each other (120 in the embodiment of FIG. 9).
) And fixed to the rotating shaft 60A. Here, the illustrated example is merely an example, and the separation blades 62A are not limited to five pairs, and the number of blades constituting each pair is not limited to three. Separating blade 6
The maximum rotation diameter of the rotating body 52A formed by the outer edge of 2A is slightly smaller than the inner wall diameter of the cylindrical chamber 51A, and the separation blade 62A can freely rotate at a small interval in the cylindrical chamber 51A. It is in a state.

The rotating shaft 60A has both ends extending to the outside of the cylindrical chamber 51A through holes provided in the center of the upper closing member 53A and the lower closing member 54A, respectively, and is moved to the upper closing member 53A and the lower closing member 54A. It is rotatably held by bearings 63A and 64A which are screwed. A pulley 65 (FIG. 7) activated by a starting device 55 (see FIGS. 6 and 7) via a V-belt or the like (not shown) is attached to the lower end of the rotating shaft 60A in the same manner as described above.
) Is attached, and thus the rotating body 52A is rotatable. In the illustrated example, each of the separation blades 62A is a straight blade, but may be a curved blade if necessary. Thereby, the attachment of the separator 13 can be made horizontal, and the attachment becomes easy.

The waste gypsum board crushed by the crusher 12 is sent from the hoppers 57, 57A of the separators 13, 13A into the cylindrical chambers 51, 51A. Cylindrical chambers 51, 51
The waste gypsum board crushed material charged into A is the cylindrical chamber 51,
Within 51A, separation blades 62, 62A of rotating bodies 52, 52A
Rotated by At the time of this rotation, a part of the waste gypsum board is rubbed against the inner side wall surfaces of the cylindrical chambers 51 and 51A, and the gypsum mass adhering to the paper portion is scraped off. While being hit against the inner side wall surface of 51A, it moves sequentially from above to below cylindrical chambers 51 and 51A. While the waste gypsum board crushed material is repeatedly rubbed or beaten, the gypsum part and the paper part in the crushed material are almost completely separated,
The gypsum part is crushed to recyclable dimensions. According to the experiment of the inventor, it has been found that the preferable rotation speed of the rotating body for separating the gypsum portion and the paper portion and crushing the gypsum portion to a reproducible size is about 1000 to 2000 rpm. Further, the radial dimension of the projecting piece 61 or the blade and the radial dimension of the cylindrical chambers 51 and 51A, the separator 1
By appropriately adjusting the inclination angle of the 3,13A, the rotation speed of the rotating bodies 52, 52A, and the like, the crushing size of the gypsum portion can be adjusted, and according to the preference of the end user of the separated gypsum as a recycled product. Production of gypsum parts is possible.

In the cylindrical chambers 51, 51A, rotating bodies 52, 52 are provided.
The waste gypsum board crushed material separated into the gypsum portion and the paper portion by A is discharged from the discharge openings 58 and 58A, and then separated through the second conveyor 14 and the third conveyor 15 to the sorting machine 1.
Sent up to 6. Second conveyor 14 and third conveyor 1
Reference numeral 5 denotes a rubber conveyor made of, for example, a known center belt, similar to the first conveyor 11. In the illustrated example, the second conveyor 14 and the third conveyor 15 are arranged at right angles to each other, but this is not a limiting matter.

As shown in FIG. 10, the sorting machine 16 includes a plurality of sorting chambers 70 located above and a vibration starting device 7 located below.
1, and the waste gypsum board crushed material is separated into a paper portion separated from the crushed material, a gypsum portion separated from the crushed material, and an unseparated portion of the gypsum portion and the paper portion. It has a sorting function. Each of the sorting chambers 70 has a bottom floor on which a sieve whose mesh size is sequentially reduced from top to bottom is placed, and the sorting chamber 70 is moved up and down by a vibration starting device 71 including a winding spring and a motor. Vibrating in the direction. This sorting machine 16 has a mechanism similar to a vibrating sieving machine similar to that used for a food sorting mechanism, a rice crusher sorting mechanism, and the like, and is known to those skilled in the art. Therefore, detailed description is omitted.

In the sorting machine 16 shown in the drawing, an opening 72 for receiving the crushed material conveyed by the third conveyor 15 is provided at the upper center of the sorting chamber 70. The crushed material supplied from the opening 72 enters the sorting chamber at the uppermost stage, where it is sieved by the vibration activating device 71, and is further sieved while sequentially falling to the lower stage. For example, the sieve of the uppermost sorting chamber may have a mesh of about 10 mm, the mesh of the next sieve may have a mesh of about 5 mm, and the mesh of the sieve below it may have a mesh of about 1 mm. However, it was lightweight and did not pass through the top sieve.
The crushed material having a size of 0 mm or more is substantially a paper part, and the separated paper part is discharged from the discharge part 70a of the first sorting chamber 70A to the fifth conveyor 19 by a known means.
Via (FIG. 2), it is housed in a flexible container 75, for example. Thereafter, the paper portion accommodated in the container 75 is carried out to a managed disposal site and processed there.

In addition, although it fell into the second sorting chamber 70B,
5-10m in dimensions so that it does not move downward any further
The crushed material having a size of about m is substantially a portion where the paper portion and the gypsum portion are integrated, in other words, the gypsum portion is not yet separated from the paper portion. Therefore, the unseparated portion separated in the second sorting chamber 70B is returned from the discharge part 70b of the second sorting chamber 70B to the first conveyor via the return conveyor 17 by a known means, and undergoes the same treatment as before. It will be.

Next, it fell into the third sorting room 70C,
Dimensions 1-5mm so that it does not move downward any more
The crushed material having a size of substantially is a gypsum granule portion. Therefore, the gypsum granule portion separated in the third sorting chamber 70C is directly filled into the container from the discharge part 70c of the third sorting chamber 70C, carried out of the system, and used as a recycled material.

Further, the crushed material having a size of 1 mm or less that has dropped into the fourth sorting chamber 70D is substantially a gypsum powder portion. This gypsum powder part is discharged 70d
From the container via the fourth conveyor 18 and transported outside the system, and similarly used as a recycled material.

It goes without saying that the number of the sorting chambers 70, the sorting size, that is, the mesh size, the transportation method after the sorting, and the like can be appropriately changed. In addition, metal pieces such as nails and bolts may be mixed in the waste gypsum board. In order to cope with this, if necessary, for example, the conveyor 18 in FIG.
19 or the like, a known metal piece removing device can be installed, or the conveyor itself can be used as a magnetic separation conveyor.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 shows an embodiment relating to a waste gypsum board processing apparatus in which the second conveyor 14 shown in FIG. 1 is omitted due to space limitations. FIG. The configuration and operation of each device used in this embodiment are shown in FIGS.
In the following, the operation of this embodiment will be described by assigning the same reference numerals with the same reference numerals to which "100" has been added, since they are the same as those described in the embodiment shown in FIG.

A waste gypsum board processing apparatus 100 shown in FIG.
Comprises a first conveyor 111 for transporting waste gypsum board to be treated, a crusher 112 for separating and crushing the waste gypsum board carried by the first conveyor 111, and a crusher 11
2. Separators 113 and 113A for separating the gypsum portion and the paper portion from each other while further finely crushing the crushed waste gypsum board divided and crushed by 2, and crushing the waste gypsum board separated into the gypsum portion and the paper portion Separates the materials 113, 11
Conveyor 115 for unloading from 3A and conveyor 1
A sorter 116 that sorts the waste gypsum board crushed material carried out by the gypsum 15 into a gypsum portion and a paper portion, and sorts them by particle size.
And a dust collector 120 for cleaning the working environment, and a control panel 121 for controlling the entire operation of the device 110. Further, the sorted paper portion, the gypsum portion, and the mixture portion of the paper portion and the gypsum portion are respectively stored in the containers directly from the discharge portion of the sorter 116. Of course, in this embodiment, the waste gypsum board crushed material, which is not sufficiently separated due to insufficient separation of the gypsum portion and the paper portion, is used for the first conveyor 1.
A return belt returning to 11 (see reference numeral 17 in FIG. 1), and an auxiliary conveyor for carrying out gypsum powder and the like sorted by the sorter 116 (see reference numeral 18 in FIG. 1).
Also, an auxiliary conveyor (see reference numeral 19 in FIG. 1) for carrying out the paper portion of the gypsum board similarly selected as a paper portion by the sorter 116, and a waste gypsum near the lower end of the first conveyor 111. It is free to provide a waste gypsum board loading frame (see reference numeral 22 in FIG. 1) or the like for temporarily stocking the board and supplying the waste gypsum board therefrom.

The waste gypsum board processing apparatus shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 is different from the waste gypsum board processing apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 in that crushed materials are substantially separated from the separators 113 and 113A to the sorter 116. The conveyor to be conveyed is constituted by a single conveyor, so that the space is reduced.

In these embodiments, the first conveyor 1
The crusher 11 and the crushing machine 112 are, for example, 1 yards brought in from a gypsum board manufacturing plant, a new construction site such as a house, and a demolition company.
It has a function of receiving a waste gypsum board having a side of about 300 mm to 500 mm. If the waste gypsum board crushed matter carried in is larger than this, it is desirable that the waste gypsum board crushed matter be roughly divided so as to have a predetermined size in advance. In order to automatically perform such a coarse splitting operation, a publicly-known coarse splitting and crushing machine dedicated to the coarse splitting may be provided at or near the waste gypsum board loading frame 22 as shown in FIG.

Further, metal pieces such as nails and bolts may be mixed in the waste gypsum board. Therefore, if necessary, a known metal piece removing device can be installed on the conveyors 18 and 19 in FIG. 2 or the like, or the conveyor itself can be used as a magnetic separation conveyor.

FIGS. 13 and 14 are an overall elevational view and a plan view, respectively, showing an embodiment in which the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 is further improved. The operation of each device used in this embodiment is substantially the same as that shown in FIGS.
Since they are the same as those described in the embodiment shown in FIG.
The operation of this embodiment will be described with reference numerals to which "."

A waste gypsum board processing apparatus 210 shown in FIG.
Is a first conveyor 211 for transporting waste gypsum board to be treated, and a crusher 212 (a pair of rotors and a pair of rotors for driving the same, separating and crushing the waste gypsum board carried by the first conveyor 211). And a separator 213 (21) for further crushing the waste gypsum board crushed and divided by the crusher 212 and simultaneously separating the gypsum portion and the paper portion from each other.
3A), a conveyor 215 for carrying out the waste gypsum board crushed material separated into the gypsum portion and the paper portion from the separator 213 (213A), and a waste gypsum board crushed material carried out by the conveyor 215 as a gypsum portion. It has a sorter 216 for separating into paper parts and sorting for each particle size, a dust collector 220 for cleaning the working environment, and a control panel (not shown) for controlling the entire operation of the device 210. ing. The sorted paper portion, the gypsum portion, and the mixture portion of the gypsum portion and the gypsum portion are respectively stored directly from the discharge portion of the sorter 216 into the gypsum fine-grain container 216a, the gypsum paper waste mixture container 216b, and the paper waste container 216c. ing. Of course, in this embodiment, the waste gypsum board crushed material, which is not sufficiently separated due to insufficient separation of the gypsum portion and the paper portion, is used for the first conveyor 2.
A return belt (reference numeral 17 in FIG. 1) returning to 11 or an auxiliary conveyor (reference numeral 18 in FIG. 1) for carrying out to a gypsum fine particle storage container 216A which is a flexible container for storing gypsum powder and the like sorted by the sorter 216. ), An auxiliary conveyor (see reference numeral 19 in FIG. 1) for carrying out the paper portion of the gypsum board similarly selected as a paper portion by the sorter 16, and also near the lower end of the first conveyor 211. It is free to provide a waste gypsum board loading frame (see reference numeral 22 in FIG. 1) or the like for temporarily storing the waste gypsum board and supplying the waste gypsum board therefrom.

The waste gypsum board processing apparatus 210 shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 is different from the waste gypsum board processing apparatus 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 and the waste gypsum board processing apparatus 110 shown in FIGS. The conveyer 215 uses a center belt with a magnet pulley to separate the metal debris from the gypsum board scrap and separates them from the known discharging means 2.
The waste is discharged into the iron waste storage box 281 through 80, and a known sifter that is widely used for sorting tea is used as a sorter 216 by using a centrifugal force and a multi-stage sieving mechanism. And so on in a plane. This has an advantage that the sorting operation can be reliably achieved in a short time, unlike a multi-stage sorter as shown in FIG.

In these embodiments, the first conveyor 1
The crusher 1 and the crusher 12 have a function of receiving a waste gypsum board having a side of, for example, about 300 mm to 500 mm, which is carried in from a gypsum board manufacturing plant, a new construction site such as a house, or a dismantler. If the size of the crushed waste gypsum board is larger than this, it is desirable to roughly break the crushed waste gypsum board into a predetermined size as described above. In addition, in order to perform such a coarse splitting operation automatically, the waste gypsum board input stand 22 or its vicinity can be provided with a coarse splitting and crushing machine known per se dedicated to the coarse splitting, as already described. is there.

FIGS. 15 and 16 show an apparatus 300 representing yet another embodiment. The fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 15 shows a state in which the sorting machine 16 of the first embodiment is arranged directly below the separator 13 and further provided with a conveyor 18 for carrying out the sorted gypsum powder portion. I have. FIG.
A waste gypsum board processing apparatus 400 in which the entire apparatus is loaded on a moving means 90 such as a known truck is disclosed. According to this embodiment, there is no need for a dedicated processing plant equipped with a waste gypsum board processing apparatus, it can be moved as needed, and can easily process waste gypsum board anywhere and anytime. It is also possible to treat waste gypsum board directly at the point of use of the final recycled product. The functions and the like of each device used in these embodiments are substantially the same as those described in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 and will not be described in detail.

[0037]

According to the present invention, the waste gypsum board, which is increasing year by year, can be separated and sorted into a paper portion and a gypsum portion. For this reason, the paper part is treated at a controlled disposal site, and the gypsum part can be effectively recycled as a raw material for cement, roadbed material, solidified material for sludge treatment, or treated at a stable disposal site. Becomes For this reason, according to the present invention, the requirements of the “Government Ordinance Revision of Partial Enforcement Orders of the Law Concerning Waste Disposal and Cleaning”, which was enforced from June 1998, are satisfied, and the disposal of waste gypsum boards is easily achieved. You can do it.

Further, according to the present invention, the problem of air pollution caused by the collective incineration of waste gypsum board up to now is completely solved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view showing a waste gypsum board processing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of the device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the crusher shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the crusher shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the separator shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a side view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the separator.

FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view showing another embodiment of the separator.

FIG. 10 is a side view showing a partial cross section of the sorting machine shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 is an overall side view showing a second embodiment of the waste gypsum board processing apparatus of the present invention.

12 is an overall plan view of the device shown in FIG.

FIG. 13 is an overall side view showing a third embodiment of the waste gypsum board processing apparatus of the present invention.

14 is an overall plan view of the device shown in FIG.

FIG. 15 is an overall side view showing a fourth embodiment of the waste gypsum board processing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is an overall side view showing a fifth embodiment of the waste gypsum board processing apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10: Waste gypsum board processing apparatus 11: First conveyor 12: Crusher 13, 13A: Separator 14: Second conveyor 15: Third conveyor 16: Sorter 17: Return conveyor 18: Fourth conveyor 19: Fifth conveyor Reference Signs List 20: Dust collector 21: Control panel 22: Waste gypsum board loading stand 31: Receiving room 32: Crushing room 33: Waste gypsum board receiving opening 34: Waste gypsum board supply opening 35: Hanging 36: Opening / closing member 37: Opening 40: Crushing means 41, 42: rotors 43, 44: blades 45, 46: guide plates 47, 48: starting devices 51, 51A: cylindrical chambers 52, 52A: rotating bodies 53, 53A, 5
4, 54A: Closing member 55: Starting device 56: Holding table 57, 57A: Hopper 58, 58A: Discharge opening 60, 60A: Rotating shaft 61: Projection piece 62, 62A: Separating blade 63, 64: Bearing 65: Pulley 70 : Sorting room 71: Vibration starter 72: Opening 75, 76: Container

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4D004 AA31 AA50 AB10 AC05 BA02 CA04 CA08 CA12 CB13 CB46 4D065 CA06 CA12 CC01 CC06 CC08 DD04 DD24 ED02 ED06 ED12 ED18 ED21 ED27 ED50 EE19 4D067 DD02 DD04 DD07 DD12 DD17

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A waste gypsum board crushing apparatus 10 for conveying waste gypsum boards to be treated.
1, a crusher 12 that divides and crushes the waste gypsum board carried by the conveyor 11, and further crushes the crushed waste gypsum board crushed and crushed by the crusher 12 while simultaneously separating the gypsum portion and the paper portion. Separator 13 for separating from each other
And a sorting machine 16 for sorting the crushed waste gypsum board separated into a gypsum portion and a paper portion into a gypsum portion and a paper portion, wherein the crushing device 12 includes a pair of rotors 41 and 42. 40, these rotors are juxtaposed next to each other, the waste gypsum board is broken at the nip of these rotors and the separator 13 is rotated by a cylindrical chamber 51 and a rotating body 52 rotating therein. A waste gypsum board crushing and sorting apparatus 10 configured to crush waste gypsum boards and separate them by particle size. 2. The waste gypsum according to claim 1, wherein the crusher 12 and the separator 13 are arranged continuously in the vertical direction, and the separator 13 and the separator 16 are connected via a conveyor. Board crushing separation processing device 10. 3. The waste gypsum board crushing and sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the crushing machine 12, the separator 13 and the sorting machine 16 are continuously arranged in the vertical direction. 4. The waste gypsum board crushing and sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste gypsum board processing apparatus is installed in a movable vehicle. 5. A waste gypsum board crushing processing device 10, which is a conveyor device 11 for transporting waste gypsum board to be treated, and a crusher 12 for separating and crushing the waste gypsum board carried by the conveyor device 11. And a separator 13 that separates the gypsum portion and the paper portion from each other while further finely crushing the waste gypsum board crushed and crushed by the crusher 12, and a waste gypsum separated into a gypsum portion and a paper portion. Another conveyor device for carrying out the board crushed material from the separator 13, and sorting the waste gypsum board crushed material carried out by the other conveyor device into a gypsum portion, a paper portion, and a mixed portion of a gypsum portion and a paper portion. Sorting machine 1 that discharges each part
6 and the mixed part of the gypsum part and the paper part
1, a return belt 17, a dust collector 20 for cleaning the working environment, and a waste gypsum board loading platform 22 for loading waste gypsum board into the conveyor device 11. It has a crushing means 40 consisting of a pair of rotors 41, 42, these rotors are juxtaposed adjacent to each other, the waste gypsum board is crushed at the nip of these rotors and the separator 13 is A waste gypsum board crushing and sorting apparatus 10 constituted by a rotating body 52 that rotates therein. 6. A method in which the rotors 41 and 42 include a plurality of blades 4.
The waste gypsum board crushing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the crushed waste gypsum board has blades 43 of the rotor 41 and blades 44 of the rotor 42 at predetermined intervals. Sorting device 10. 7. Guide plates 45, 46 for the crusher 12 to supply waste gypsum board to the nip portion of the rotors 41, 42.
The waste gypsum board crushing and sorting apparatus 10 according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: 8. A rotating body 52 includes a central rotating shaft 60, a projecting piece 61 arranged at an interval in a longitudinal direction thereof, and a separation blade 6 arranged to connect a tip end of the projecting piece 61.
And any one of claims 1 to 7 comprising:
A waste gypsum board crushing and sorting apparatus 10 according to the above section. 9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the separation blade is a straight blade. 10. The separation blade 62 is a curved blade.
Waste gypsum board crushing and sorting apparatus 10 described in 1. 11. The rotating body 52A has a central rotating shaft 60A.
And a plurality of pairs of separation blades 6 fixed to the rotation shaft 60A.
2A, and each pair of separation blades 62A.
However, the blades are formed of a plurality of blades, and the intermediate portions of the blades are fixed to the rotary shaft 60A at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 60A and the blades are shifted from each other by an equal angle. The waste gypsum board crushing and sorting apparatus 10 according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: