JP2012032139A - Drying device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a drying device in which articles to be dried are smoothly stirred and transported in a drying chamber, the generation of dust is small, the risk of explosion is reduced, thermal conductivity and drying effect are superior, a time for drying is shortened, required footprint and power is small, and the discharge of contaminated substances can be well controlled.SOLUTION: The drying device includes the drying chamber for drying the articles to be dried by drying the same, a rake arranged inside of the drying chamber and agitating the articles to be dried by the rotation of a blade connected to a hub, a rotation shaft inserted into a rotation shaft inserting opening of the rake and transmitting the rotation force, a driving section for rotating the rake via the rotation shaft, and a heater for the generating heat such that the heat is directly or indirectly supplied to the drying chamber, the outer peripheral surface of the rotation shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the rotation shaft inserting opening are arranged while being spaced apart from each other such that the rake can slide along the rotation shaft and have noncircular shapes corresponding to each other, the blade of the rake scrapes while coming into contact with the ceiling surface or the floor surface of the drying chamber.

Description

  The present invention relates to a drying apparatus, and more particularly to a drying apparatus in which an object to be dried is smoothly stirred and transferred in a drying chamber, has high thermal efficiency, and has improved safety.

  A drying device is a device that directly or indirectly heats the material to be dried using hot air, superheated steam, electricity or electromagnetic waves, etc., and removes moisture or solvent contained in the material to be dried. Examples of dry matter include agricultural and marine products, processed foods, wet minerals, final products of industrial bodies, food waste, livestock dung, sludge, and the like. Various other dry matter can be dried.

  The drying method of the drying apparatus is classified into a direct heating type and an indirect heating type. The indirect heating type is composed of a drying chamber in which an object to be dried stays and a heat medium circulation chamber in which a heat medium circulates, and conducts heat. This means that the object to be dried and the heat medium are not in direct contact with each other because the object to be dried is heated using the direct heating method, and the direct heating type means that the heat medium such as heated air, superheated steam, etc. This is a drying method in which moisture is evaporated by direct contact with the dried product.

  Conventional drying apparatuses include various apparatuses including a screw dryer, a thin film dryer, a fluidized bed dryer, a rotary dryer, and a multistage (multi-layer) dryer. In particular, a rotary dryer in which a cylindrical drum is installed in a horizontal direction to rotate the drum itself, and the heating medium and the object to be dried are in direct contact or indirect contact with each other inside the drum. In the explanation, the weight is large and the drum itself corresponding to the drying chamber for storing the object to be dried is rotated, so that the capacity of the drive unit is large and the power consumption is too large. Cannot be performed smoothly. In addition, solid matter sticks to the inner surface of the drum, the stuck dry matter is overdried, and the overdried dry matter is easily pulverized and may cause explosion if mixed with hot air for drying. In addition, in the indirect drying method, the heat conduction efficiency is lowered by the solid matter attached to the inner surface of the drum. In particular, since a drum having a relatively small diameter and a long depth is installed in the lateral direction, there is a problem that a lot of site is taken.

  However, among the conventional drying apparatuses, a drying apparatus equipped with a rake that stirs and transfers the object to be dried inside the drying chamber and directly or indirectly contacts the object to be dried with the heat medium is not suitable for the drying chamber itself. Compared to a rotary dryer that is installed and rotated in the horizontal direction, the drive unit is small, requires less power, and requires less site. Less power is required because it is made.

  In particular, a multi-stage drying apparatus having a plurality of drying chambers stacked in multiple layers will be described. The drying chamber is divided into two or more multi-stages in the vertical direction, and a rake is installed inside the drying chamber. The dried product is stirred and dried, and the material to be dried is dried while moving from the upper drying chamber to the lower drying chamber by gravity, so the required site is larger than that of a rotary dryer installed long in the horizontal direction. In addition to being suitable for a country with a small land area, it is agitated by a stirring means with a small weight, so that it requires less power and can be stirred smoothly (for example, “Patent Document 1”). "reference).

JP-A-2-75400

  However, the rake used for stirring and transferring the object to be dried in a conventional multistage drying apparatus (for example, see “Patent Document 1”) has a structure in which the rotating shaft and the rake are fixed. If the rake and the drying chamber floor wear, there is a gap between the rake and the drying chamber floor. May become excessively dry and dusty. Moreover, in the indirect drying method in which the heat medium circulation chamber is installed between the drying chamber and the drying chamber among the conventional multi-stage drying apparatuses, the material to be dried adhered between the skies is separated from the drying chamber and the heat medium circulation. Since the heat conduction between the chambers is cut off, the drying efficiency (the amount of water evaporated per unit of heat) is reduced. If the material to be dried is organic, it can explode at high temperatures if it is overdried and dusted, which can lead to safety problems. In addition, objects to be dried may also adhere to the ceiling surface, and the objects to be dried adhered to the ceiling surface are overdried and dusted, and the indirect drying method reduces the thermal conductivity, so the interior is periodically cleaned. There was also a problem that it was difficult to manage.

  Further, since the indirect drying type drying apparatus does not have a function of removing foreign substances accumulated on the floor surface and ceiling surface of the heat medium circulation chamber, it is included in a heat medium such as heated air, hot water or superheated steam. There is a problem that dust adheres or accumulates over a long period of time, or scale (scale) adheres due to steam or hot water, resulting in a decrease in heat conduction efficiency, and improvement is required.

  The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to facilitate the stirring and transfer of the object to be dried inside the drying chamber, to reduce dust generation, and to prevent explosion. An object of the present invention is to provide a drying apparatus that can reduce, have excellent thermal conductivity and drying efficiency, reduce drying time, require a small site area and power, and can control pollutant discharge well.

  In order to achieve the above object, a drying apparatus according to the present invention comprises a drying chamber for heating and drying an object to be dried, a rake installed in the drying chamber for stirring and transferring the object to be dried, A rotating shaft that transmits a rotational force to the rake, a drive unit that rotates the rake via the rotating shaft, and a heater that generates heat so that heat is directly or indirectly supplied to the drying chamber; Comprising. The rotation shaft insertion port provided in the hub of the rake and the rotation shaft are spaced at a predetermined interval so that the rake can slide along the rotation shaft even when the rotation shaft and the rake are coupled to each other. The rotary shaft insertion port and the rotary shaft have a non-circular cross-sectional shape such as an elliptical shape, a square shape, and a gear shape so that the rotational force of the rotary shaft is transmitted to the rake so that the rake can rotate. The rake blades are stirred and transferred by the blades of the rake, and at the same time, the rake blades are brought into close contact with the floor surface of the drying chamber and scraped ( (Scraping) to prevent foreign matters or to-be-dried objects from sticking to the floor surface.

  The drying apparatus according to the present invention also has a rake installed inside the heat medium circulation chamber in which the heat medium circulates in order to conduct heat to the drying chamber, and the blades of the rake are placed in the floor of the heat medium circulation chamber by its own weight. The heat transfer from the heat medium circulation chamber to the drying chamber is improved by allowing the foreign matter to be removed by smooth scraping the floor surface in close contact with the surface.

  Further, the drying apparatus according to the present invention provides a support elastic body that applies elastic force to the rake so that the blade of the rake is further closely attached to the floor surface of the drying chamber or the heat medium circulation chamber and the floor surface is strongly scraped. The supporting elastic body has a shape of a spring or a leaf spring, and is made of a shape memory alloy.

  Further, the drying apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a ceiling rake capable of scraping the ceiling surface of the drying chamber and the heat medium circulation chamber, and the ceiling rake blade is in close contact with the ceiling surface. By further including a supporting elastic body that applies elastic force to the rake, dust and foreign substances can be removed from the ceiling surface.

  In addition, the drying apparatus according to the present invention further includes a mass body that adds weight to the rake so that the blades of the rake are further in close contact with the floor surface of the drying chamber or the heat medium circulation chamber to strongly scrape the floor surface.

  In the drying apparatus according to the present invention, the rotation shaft insertion port of the rake and the rotation shaft inserted into the rotation shaft insertion port have an elliptical, polygonal, or gear-shaped cross-sectional shape.

  The drying apparatus according to the present invention further includes one or more impellers and vertical blades for stirring and circulating the material to be dried or the heat medium, and mixing and circulating the material to be dried and the heat medium, and the vertical blade. Is configured to protrude from the rake, the ceiling rake, and the impeller.

  Further, the drying apparatus according to the present invention is a multi-stage drying apparatus configured by stacking a plurality of drying chambers, or a drying chamber and a heat medium circulation chamber, so that drying efficiency is improved and a required site area is reduced. Decreased.

  Further, the heater of the drying apparatus according to the present invention is configured to burn part or all of the exhaust gas exhausted from the drying chamber or the heat medium flowing out of the heat medium circulation chamber, Burn dust. The drying apparatus according to the present invention further includes at least one of a dust collector, a heat exchanger, an adsorption facility, and a cleaning device, and exhaust gas exhausted from the drying chamber or the heater or the heat medium. Part or all of the heat medium flowing out from the circulation chamber is removed through the at least one of the dust collector, the heat exchanger, the adsorption facility, and the cleaning device so that contaminants can be removed and thermal energy can be recovered. In addition, the heat source for drying can be easily procured by burning the object to be dried in the drying chamber with the heater.

  On the other hand, a drying apparatus according to another aspect of the present invention includes a drying chamber for heating and drying a material to be dried, a rake installed in the drying chamber for stirring and transferring the material to be dried, and the rake. A rotating shaft that transmits a rotational force to the driving device, a drive unit that rotates the rake via the rotating shaft, one or more vertical blades that protrude from the rake, and directly or indirectly to the drying chamber. And a heater for generating heat so that heat is supplied. The vertical blade stirs the object to be dried to increase the surface area capable of evaporating moisture, increases the contact area with the heat medium to shorten the drying time, and makes the object to be dried more smoothly transferred, etc. The rake function can be complemented.

  Moreover, the drying apparatus according to the present invention can remove dust and foreign substances from the ceiling surface of the drying chamber by installing a ceiling rake capable of scraping the ceiling surface of the drying chamber.

  In the drying apparatus according to the present invention, at least one brush is installed on at least one of a floor surface and a ceiling surface of the drying chamber, and the brush rotates while being rotated by a rotating shaft driven by a driving unit. It was made possible to remove foreign matter and dust from the surface or ceiling surface.

  The drying apparatus according to the present invention further includes one or more impellers that stir and circulate a material to be dried or a heat medium, and mix and circulate the material to be dried and a heat medium. In addition, the vertical blade may be configured to protrude from the impeller.

  The drying apparatus according to the present invention also includes the vertical blade, the impeller, the brush, the rake for the ceiling, and the ceiling inside the heat medium circulation chamber in which the heat medium circulates in order to conduct heat to the indirect drying type drying chamber. By installing at least one of the brushes for use in combination, dust and foreign matter can be removed from the floor or ceiling surface of the heat medium circulation chamber, and the heat medium can be smoothly circulated. Heat conduction from the air to the drying chamber.

  In addition, the drying apparatus according to the present invention is a multi-stage drying apparatus in which a plurality of drying chambers or a plurality of drying chambers and a heat medium circulation chamber are vertically stacked to improve drying efficiency, The site area was reduced.

  In addition, the heater of the drying apparatus according to the present invention burns part or all of the exhaust gas exhausted from the drying chamber or the heat medium flowing out of the heat medium circulation chamber, so that odor-causing substances and dust are generated. It was made to burn.

  The drying apparatus according to the present invention further includes at least one of a dust collector, a heat exchanger, an adsorption facility, and a cleaning device, and exhaust gas exhausted from the drying chamber or the heater or the heat medium. Part or all of the heat medium flowing out from the circulation chamber is removed through the at least one of the dust collector, the heat exchanger, the adsorption facility, and the cleaning device so that contaminants can be removed and thermal energy can be recovered. In addition, by burning the object to be dried in the drying chamber with the heater, it becomes easier to procure a heat source for drying, and it can be used for heating and industrial purposes.

  The drying apparatus according to the present invention configured as described above is capable of smoothly stirring and transferring the material to be dried inside the drying chamber, generating less dust, improving safety, heat conductivity and drying. High efficiency, reduced drying time, small required site area and power, well controlled emission of pollutants, such as agricultural and marine products, processed foods, wet minerals, food waste or sludge Can be used to dry a variety of materials.

It is a conceptual diagram which shows the drying apparatus of the direct drying system by this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the drying apparatus of the indirect drying system by this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the Example of the rake by this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the Example of the rake by this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the Example of the rake by this invention. It is a top view which shows the various examples of the rotating shaft by this invention, and a rotating shaft insertion port. It is a top view which shows the various examples of the rotating shaft by this invention, and a rotating shaft insertion port. It is a top view which shows the various examples of the rotating shaft by this invention, and a rotating shaft insertion port. It is a top view which shows the various examples of the rotating shaft by this invention, and a rotating shaft insertion port. It is a top view which shows the various examples of the rotating shaft by this invention, and a rotating shaft insertion port. It is a perspective view which shows the rake by which the elastic body for support by this invention and a mass body are arrange | positioned. It is a perspective view which shows the rake by which the elastic body for support by this invention and a mass body are arrange | positioned. It is a perspective view which shows the rake by which the elastic body for support by this invention and a mass body are arrange | positioned. It is a perspective view which shows the rake by which the elastic body for support by this invention and a mass body are arrange | positioned. It is a perspective view which shows the rake by which the elastic body for support by this invention and a mass body are arrange | positioned. It is a perspective view which shows the rake for ceilings by this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the rake for ceilings by this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the rake for ceilings by this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the rake for ceilings by this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the rake for ceilings by this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the rake for ceilings by this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the rake for ceilings by this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the rake for ceilings by this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the multistage drying apparatus by this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the flow of a to-be-dried object, a heat medium, and exhaust gas, and an apparatus structure in the drying apparatus by this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the drying apparatus of the direct drying system by the other Example of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the drying apparatus of the indirect drying system by the other Example of this invention. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a ceiling rake and a vertical blade according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the impeller by the other Example of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the brush and the brush for ceilings by the other Example of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the multistage drying apparatus by the other Example of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the flow of a to-be-dried object, a heat medium, and exhaust gas, and an apparatus structure in the drying apparatus by other Example of this invention.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a drying apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a direct drying type drying apparatus according to the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, a frame 100 is installed, and a space is partitioned by the frame 100, and the partitioned internal space forms a drying chamber 10. The drying chamber 10 has an input port 130 that communicates with the outside so that the material to be dried is carried into the drying chamber 10, and a discharge port 140 that discharges the dried material to be dried to the outside. Is formed.

  An input device 400 that inputs an object to be dried into the inside of the drying chamber is connected to the input port 130, and a take-out device 500 that extracts the dried object to be dried to the outside of the drying chamber is connected to the discharge port 140. As the charging device 400 and the discharging device 500, a screw conveyor type device that is advantageous for maintaining the airtightness of the drying chamber 10 is mainly used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various types of charging device and discharging device should be used. Can do.

  On the other hand, the drying chamber 10 is provided with a flow path through which a heating medium such as hot air or superheated steam is supplied so that the heating medium flows in and out of the drying chamber 10 so as to be in direct contact with the object to be dried. The heater 300 can be heated to a predetermined temperature and supplied to the inside of the drying chamber 10.

  In the drying chamber 10, one or more rakes 30 that stir and flow the material to be dried or a ceiling rake 60 supported by the supporting elastic body 50 are installed. Rotational force is transmitted by. The rotary shaft 40 is connected to the drive unit 20 and transmits the rotational power from the drive unit 20 to the rake 30 arranged on the floor surface of the drying chamber 10 or the rake 60 for ceiling arranged on the ceiling surface. The drive unit 20 is mainly composed of an electric motor and a reducer, and a single drive unit 20 and a rotary shaft 40 can be arranged as necessary. You can also.

  Even if the floor surface of the drying chamber 10 and the rake 30 are worn, there is no gap between the rake blade and the floor of the drying chamber, and the weight of the rake and the mass attached to the rake (not shown) ) Or the elasticity of the supporting elastic body (not shown) so that the rake is in close contact with the floor surface of the drying chamber. Also, a ceiling rake 60 is installed on the ceiling surface of the drying chamber 10, and the rake is brought into close contact with the ceiling surface by the elasticity of the supporting elastic body 50 to scrape the ceiling surface. Was to be removed.

  Further, a stirring impeller 80 is further installed on the rotary shaft 40 to stir the heat medium. That is, the stirring impeller 80 is exposed to the heat of the object to be dried by exchanging the heat medium whose temperature has been lowered by contact with the object to be dried and the high-temperature heat medium on the upper side, or by stirring the object to be dried. In addition to increasing the water evaporation rate by increasing the surface area to be dried, the material to be dried dried in contact with the upper heat medium and the material to be dried having a high water content on the lower floor surface side are replaced to improve the drying efficiency.

  FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing an indirect drying type drying apparatus according to the present invention.

  In FIG. 2, a heat medium circulation chamber 70 is further installed in at least one of the upper part, the lower part and the side part of the drying chamber 10, and a heat medium such as hot air, hot water or superheated steam is provided in the heat medium circulation chamber. The indirect drying type drying apparatus which conducts heat to the material to be dried put in the drying chamber 10 is shown. In the drying chamber 10, as in the drying apparatus in FIG. 1, an impeller 80, a rake 30, and a ceiling rake 60 supported by the supporting elastic body 50 can be installed.

  Further, in the heat medium circulation chamber 70, a rake 30 for removing and transferring dust and scale from the floor surface and the ceiling surface, and a ceiling rake 60 supported by the supporting elastic body 50 can be installed. . Therefore, the removed dust, scale debris, and the like can be collected and transferred along the floor surface by the rake 30 and discharged to the outside from the discharge port 71 provided on one side of the floor surface. A collection unit having a shape such as a hopper or a funnel is disposed at the discharge port 71, and when a certain amount of dust or scale debris collects, the discharge valve is opened and discharged intermittently, whereby a heat medium that is always open Can be prevented from overflowing.

  In the heat medium circulation chamber 70, the amount of heat conducted to the drying chamber 10 can be increased by attaching the impeller 80 to the rotating shaft 40 and mixing the heat medium.

  Next, the configuration of the rake 30 and the ceiling rake 60 and the rotary shaft 40 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3A to 6H.

  3A to 3C are perspective views showing an embodiment of a rake and a rotating shaft according to the present invention. 3A and 3B are perspective views before the rake 30 and the rotary shaft 40 are coupled to each other for easy understanding, and FIG. 3C shows a rotary shaft at the rotary shaft insertion port 32 of the rake. The perspective view which 40 was inserted and was combined is shown.

  The rake 30 includes a hub 31, a rotary shaft insertion port 32, and one or more blades 33. The blade 33 is brought into close contact with the floor surface of the drying chamber 10 by its own weight, and the blade 33 can have various shapes having a predetermined mass. The blades constituting one rake are shown in FIGS. 3A and 3C. The number of blades may be one or two as shown in FIG. 3B, but a larger number of blades can be selectively applied to one rake 30 if necessary.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, a rake provided with one blade 33 may be used. As shown in FIG. 3B, a rake manufactured as an eccentric type with two blades 33 provided on one hub 31 may be used. One or a plurality of rotation shafts 40 may be installed.

  As shown in FIG. 3B, the rake 30 in which two or more blades 33 are integrally connected to the hub 31 so that the center of gravity is located on the hub 31 side, which is the center of the rake, has a flat floor surface. If the rake is not inclined or the rake is manufactured, the entire blade is difficult to adhere to the floor surface uniformly. In contrast, as shown in FIG. 3A, a rake having one blade 33 installed on one hub 31 and having a center of gravity eccentric to the blade side ensures that the blade is in close contact with the floor surface. Even when a plurality of rotary shafts are installed on one rotary shaft, the blades 33 of the respective rakes are securely attached to the floor surface, so that the floor surface can be smoothly scraped.

  On the other hand, when the rake rotary shaft insertion port 32 is fixedly coupled to the rotary shaft 40 by press fitting, welding, bolting, or the like, there may be a gap between the floor of the drying chamber and the blade due to wear or the like. Therefore, it is preferable that the rake is moved downward by gravity along the rotation axis 40 and is in close contact with the floor surface by its own weight.

  Accordingly, the rake is loosely fitted so as to have a predetermined interval between the inner peripheral surface of the rotary shaft insertion port 32 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 40 rather than being fixedly coupled to the rotary shaft 40. It is possible to slide up and down along the line. For this reason, the blade 33 is in close contact with the floor surface by its own weight, and even if wear occurs, there is no gap, and the object to be dried can be stirred and transferred while scratching the floor surface with an appropriate load. Thus, when there is play between the inner peripheral surface of the rotary shaft insertion port 32 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 40 and the cross section of the rotary shaft 40 and the rotary shaft insertion port 32 is circular, the rotary shaft 40 is raked. Since it rotates idly without rotating, it is impossible to transmit the rotational force. Therefore, the rake's rotation shaft insertion port and the rotation shaft are each formed into a shape selected from an elliptical shape, a polygonal shape, a gear shape, etc. corresponding to each other other than a circle, so that the rake slides up and down along the rotation axis. At the same time, the rotating shaft rotates together with the rake without rotating idly so that power is transmitted.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 3B, the rotating shaft 40 on the upper side of the rake is provided with a stirring impeller 80 to stir or mix the heat medium or the material to be dried to increase the drying efficiency. Can be improved. The blade of the impeller can be used as a vertical plate material, an inclined plate material, or an existing agitator such as a centrifugal type, an axial flow type, a diagonal flow type, etc. and a form applied to a fluid machine. In any embodiment, an impeller can be further configured on the rotating shaft regardless of whether it is displayed in the drawing.

  In FIG. 3B, one or more downwardly projecting vertical blades 90 are further formed on the lower surface of the impeller 80, and this vertical blade can also be formed on the upper surface of the impeller. FIG. 3C shows an embodiment in which one or more upwardly projecting vertical blades 90 are further formed on the rake blade 33.

  These vertical blades can improve the drying efficiency and shorten the drying time by, for example, increasing the surface area where moisture can evaporate and increasing the contact area with the heat medium by stirring the object to be dried. Of course, vertical blades can be constructed on the upper surface of all the rakes described below, the lower surface of the ceiling rake, and the upper or lower surface of the impeller, regardless of the presence or absence of indication in the drawings. The surface and the lower surface can be formed simultaneously.

  Further, the vertical blade 90 can have various forms such as a bar shape, a square bar shape, a plate material shape, and a screw shape formed by twisting a strip plate material.

  4A to 4E are plan views showing various examples of the rotary shaft insertion port provided in the rotary shaft and the rake hub.

  The rotary shaft 40 can be formed into an ellipse 40a, a polygon 40b, and gears 40c, 40d, and 40e on the basis of the cross-sectional shape. In addition, the rotation shaft insertion port 32 is formed into an ellipse 32a, a polygon 32b, and gear shapes 32c, 32d, and 32e corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the rotation shaft 40, respectively. 6A to 6H and the like will be described later with reference to the shape of the rotary shaft 40. The cross-sectional shapes of the rotary shaft insertion port 62 for the ceiling rake are also elliptical 32a, polygon 32b, gear 32c, One of 32d and 32e. On the other hand, the cross-sectional shapes of the rotary shaft insertion port 32 and the rotary shaft 40 are not limited to the shapes shown in FIGS. 4A to 4E, and the rake 30 can slide up and down along the rotary shaft 40 and at the same time, Any non-circular shape can be used as long as the rotational force can be transmitted to the rake. These shapes are also included in the scope of the present invention, and can be similarly applied to the rake 60 for the ceiling.

  5A to 5E are perspective views showing a rake in which a supporting elastic body and a mass body are arranged.

  There is a limit to smoothly scratching the floor surface with only the weight of the rake 30 in a state in which an object to be dried having a predetermined volume and mass continuously moves, and in order to eliminate this, the floor of the drying room is stronger. The elastic force of the supporting elastic body 50 can be used so that the rake 30 is in close contact with the surface, or the mass body 53 can be added to use the load of the mass body. 5A to 5E illustrate the rake 30 in which the supporting elastic body 50 or the mass body 53 is arranged.

  The supporting elastic body 50 may be any one of various shapes and materials that can provide an elastic force such as a coil spring or a leaf spring, and both ends of the supporting elastic body 50 are supported by the rotating shaft and the rake 30, respectively. Alternatively, the support member 52 and the rake 30 fixed to the rotary shaft 40 may be supported respectively. Therefore, since the repulsive force due to the elasticity of the supporting elastic body 50 is applied to the rake's own weight, the blade 33 can be more closely attached to the floor surface of the drying chamber.

  FIG. 5A shows a supporting elastic body 50 in which a plurality of coil springs are installed.

  FIG. 5B is an example of a coil spring-shaped support elastic body 50 provided so as to surround the rotating shaft 40. In this case, since both ends are supported, the coil spring can be stably mounted without being bent or detached.

  FIG. 5C shows an embodiment in which the supporting elastic body 50 is configured by a leaf spring, and the basic concept is the same as FIG. 5A.

  FIG. 5D is an embodiment in which the supporting elastic body 50 is supported by the impeller 80 fixed to the rotating shaft 40, and the heating medium or the material to be dried can be stirred or mixed by the impeller. Can be omitted. The support member 52 that supports the elastic body 50 that applies elastic force to the rake 30 and the rake 60 for the ceiling can be replaced with the impeller 80 regardless of whether or not there is a display in the drawing.

  Further, when the ceiling of the drying chamber 10 or the heat medium circulation chamber 70 is not high, the upper end portion of the supporting elastic body 50 can be directly supported on the ceiling surface of the drying chamber 10 or the heat medium circulation chamber 70.

  FIG. 5E is an embodiment in which the mass body 53 is further configured, and gravity is applied to the hub 31 portion of the rake 30 by the mass body 53 installed so that the rotary shaft 40 is inserted. Here, in order to help understanding, a perspective view in an unassembled state is shown.

  The mass body 53 may be configured separately from the rake 30 as shown in FIG. 5E, but may be configured integrally with the rake 30. Further, the mass body 53 can be installed on the upper portion of the hub 31, or can be installed on the upper portion of each blade 33 of the rake 30 to be a mass body that also serves as the vertical blade 90 as shown in FIG. 3C.

  Moreover, the material of a mass body can also be saved by installing an impeller in the upper part of the mass body 53, and being comprised so that the load of an impeller may be added.

  6A to 6H are perspective views showing an embodiment of a ceiling rake according to the present invention. In the present invention, the rake includes a floor rake 30 that scratches the floor surface of the drying chamber and the heat medium circulation chamber, and a ceiling rake 60 that scratches the ceiling surface, and the description of the rake 30 for the floor surface has been described above. Therefore, it is omitted below.

  When the ceiling rake 60 is fixed to the rotating shaft and installed so as to be in close contact with the ceiling surface, the rake hangs down due to the weight of the rake or the ceiling surface or the blade surface wears to form a gap. The problem arises that the ceiling surface cannot be reliably scraped.

  Accordingly, the hub 61 of the ceiling rake 60 is also provided with a rotary shaft insertion port 62 so that the rotary shaft 40 is inserted into the center portion, similarly to the floor rake and rotary shaft described above. The shaft insertion port 62 and the rotating shaft 40 were formed in a shape other than a circle so that the rake for the ceiling could slide along the rotating shaft and at the same time the rotational power was transmitted. Various shapes of the rotary shaft 40 and the rotary shaft insertion port 62 are as illustrated in FIGS. 4A to 4E. That is, the rotating shaft 40 can have a cross-sectional shape of an ellipse 40a, a polygon 40b, and gears 40c, 40d, and 40e. Further, the rotary shaft insertion port 62 of the rake for the ceiling must also be formed in a shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the rotary shaft 40. The cross-sectional shapes of the rotary shaft insertion port 62 and the rotary shaft 40 can be applied without being limited to the shapes shown in FIGS. 4A to 4E as long as they can slide with each other and transmit a rotational force. They are also included in the scope of the present invention.

  As described above, the rake 30 for the floor surface can be brought into close contact with the floor surface by its own weight. However, the rake 60 for the ceiling does not directly adhere to the ceiling, but instead falls to the floor due to its own weight, so it must be adhered to the ceiling surface by applying an elastic force by the supporting elastic body 50.

  The supporting elastic body 50 can be a coil spring or a leaf spring, the upper end portion supports the rake 60 for ceiling, the lower end portion is a rotating shaft 40, a supporting member 52 coupled to the rotating shaft, and a rotating member. An impeller 80 coupled to the shaft, a rake 30 for the floor, or can be supported on the floor.

  FIG. 6A shows an embodiment in which a rake 60 for ceiling is supported by a supporting member 52 fixed to the rotating shaft 40 and supported by a coil spring-shaped supporting elastic body 50 through which the rotating shaft is inserted. Is shown.

  FIG. 6B shows an embodiment in which the blades 63 of the ceiling rake 60 are supported by the coil spring-shaped support elastic body 50 supported by the support member 52 fixed to the rotating shaft 40.

  FIG. 6C shows an embodiment in which the ceiling rake 60 is directly supported by the coil spring-shaped support elastic body 50 which is supported by the floor rake 30 and through which the rotary shaft 40 is inserted.

  FIG. 6C shows an example in which a vertical blade 90 is provided on the lower surface of the blade of the ceiling rake 60, and this vertical rake is applied to any ceiling rake regardless of whether or not there is a display in the drawing. A blade can be constructed.

  FIG. 6D shows an embodiment in which the rake 60 for ceiling is supported by the leaf spring-shaped support elastic body 50 supported by the support member 52 fixed to the rotating shaft 40.

  FIG. 6E shows an embodiment in which the ceiling rake 60 is directly supported by the leaf spring-shaped supporting elastic body 50 supported by the floor rake 30.

  FIG. 6F shows an embodiment in which a ceiling rake 60 is supported by a coil spring-shaped support elastic body 50 that is supported by a hub of an impeller 80 fixed to the rotating shaft 40 and through which the rotating shaft 40 is inserted. Show.

  FIG. 6G illustrates a ceiling rake 60 that is supported by the upper and lower portions of the hub of the impeller 80 fixed to the rotating shaft 40 and is supported by two coil spring-shaped supporting elastic bodies 50 through which the rotating shaft 40 is inserted. In the embodiment, the rake 30 for the floor surface is in close contact with the floor surface by the elasticity of the elastic body 50 having a coil spring shape. In addition, the supporting member 52 in other drawings can also be replaced with the impeller 80 as shown in FIGS. 6F and 6G.

  FIG. 6H shows an embodiment in which the ceiling rake 60 is supported by the coil spring-shaped support elastic body 50 through which the rotary shaft 40 is inserted while being supported by the mass body 53 that applies a load to the rake 30. ing. The floor surface and the rake 30 can be more closely adhered to each other by the load of the mass body 53 and the elastic force of the supporting elastic body 50.

  Incidentally, the supporting elastic body 50 is exposed to a high temperature during the drying operation, and when the drying operation is interrupted, the process of heating and cooling, which is cooled to room temperature, is repeated, and the temperature difference between the operation and the non-operation is large. The degree of fatigue is large. Therefore, it is preferable that the supporting elastic body 50 is made of a shape memory alloy that can recover to an original state at a high temperature even when deformed at a normal temperature.

  FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing a multistage drying apparatus according to the present invention.

  The drying chamber of the drying apparatus according to the present invention can have a single-layer structure as shown in FIG. 1, or a multilayer structure in which a plurality of drying chambers are vertically stacked as shown in FIG. When the material to be dried is put into the uppermost drying chamber 10a by the charging device 400, the inputted material to be dried is stirred and moved on the floor surface of the uppermost drying chamber 10a by the rotation of the rake 30. Through the transfer port 120 formed on one side of the floor surface of the upper drying chamber 10a, the discharge port 140 passes through the lowermost drying chamber 10f while repeatedly dropping and moving to the lower layer drying chamber 10b stepwise. And is dried in the form of plug flow as a whole. Therefore, according to the drying apparatus of the present invention, the capacity and drying time of the drying chamber are shortened, the drying efficiency is improved, and the apparatus is installed in a multistage manner, compared to the rotary drying apparatus similar to the conventional complete mixing type. Therefore, since the required capacity of the drying room can be sufficiently secured even in a small area, it is economical in terms of site utilization.

  The drying chambers 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, and 10f include various types of the rake 30 according to the present invention, the ceiling rake 60, the rotating shaft 40, the supporting elastic body 50, the impeller 80, and the vertical blade 90. The multistage drying apparatus can be installed in a combination of a plurality of rakes installed in a plurality of drying chambers using a single drive unit 20 and a rotating shaft 40. And the impeller and the like can be driven simultaneously, which is advantageous in terms of the configuration of the apparatus.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 7, the material to be dried put into the uppermost drying chamber 10a is taken out from the lowermost drying chamber 10f. Further, a heating medium such as hot air or superheated steam flows into the drying chamber 10b directly below the uppermost layer, and is discharged from the drying chamber 10e immediately above the lowermost drying chamber 10f, so that the uppermost drying chamber is obtained. The heat medium does not flow directly into the drying chamber 10f of the lowermost layer 10a and indirect drying is performed, and direct drying is performed in the remaining drying chambers 10b, 10c, 10d, and 10e. Therefore, since the heat medium does not directly flow into the uppermost ceiling surface and the lowermost floor surface of the outer frame 100 in contact with the atmosphere, heat loss conducted to the atmosphere can be reduced. However, the drying apparatus of the present invention is not limited to this, and the heat medium is allowed to flow into the uppermost drying chamber and discharged from the lowermost drying chamber by sufficiently ensuring the heat insulating function of the outer frame 100. You can also.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 7, a multi-stage drying apparatus using a direct drying method is shown. However, as shown in FIG. 2, a multi-stage drying using an indirect drying method in which a heat medium circulation chamber is installed between the drying chamber and the drying chamber. It is good also as an apparatus. FIG. 7 shows a multi-stage drying apparatus having six stages of drying chambers and three rows of rotating shafts 40, but is not limited thereto, and includes two or more stages of drying chambers and one or more rows of rotating shafts 40. Various types of combined multi-stage drying apparatuses can be configured.

  FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing the flow of the object to be dried, the heat medium, and the exhaust gas and the apparatus configuration in the drying apparatus according to the present invention.

  An object to be dried carried in by a transporting means or the like is input to the drying chamber 10 via the input device 400, and an object to be dried which is dried by directly or indirectly contacting the heat medium in the drying chamber is taken out from the apparatus 500. In the case of an object to be dried which is taken out from the drying chamber and carried out to the outside or combustible, it is burned by the heater 300 and used as a heat source for drying, and the surplus is used as a heat source for industrial, heating, etc. Can be used.

  The heat medium such as hot air and superheated steam that has flowed out after transferring heat to the object to be dried in the drying room is burned partly or entirely by the heater 300, so that volatile organic substances in the heat medium, etc. Can be incinerated and taken away, or used as combustion air.

  Further, part or all of the heat medium flowing out from the drying chamber is directly heated by the heater 300, or is heat-exchanged by the heat exchanger 700 with the high-temperature exhaust gas exhausted from the heater and reheated. be able to. In this process, dust contained in the heat medium and the exhaust gas of the heater 300 may accumulate on the heat exchanger 700, and in order to prevent this, the heat medium and the exhaust gas respectively collect cyclone (Cyclone). It is preferable to pass through a dust collector 600a, 600b such as a duster. In addition, the exhaust gas of the heater that has preferentially transferred heat to the heat medium in the heat exchanger 700 has a considerable residual heat, and in order to improve the thermal efficiency, the heat exchanger 700a is further installed, and the exhaust gas This residual heat can be used for preheating the air supplied to the heater 300.

  The exhaust gas of the heater 300 that has been subjected to heat exchange may contain dust, foul odor-inducing substances, and other pollutants, and in particular, burns a heat medium that is in direct contact with organic substances such as agricultural and marine products and sludge. To remove pollutants such as dust, bad odor, sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, etc. contained in the exhaust gas of a heater, such as a bag filter dust collector, an electric dust collector, etc. The drying apparatus includes a dust collector 600, a scrubber 900 for cleaning exhaust gas using a chemical solution such as water or an alkaline solution, or an adsorber 800 for adsorbing contaminants with activated carbon. It is preferable to do.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 8, the flow of the gas to be dried by the direct drying method, the heat medium, and the gas exhausted from the heater is illustrated. However, the present invention is not limited to this, It can be in the form of various flows provided with at least one device of the oven, constitute a drying device by an indirect drying method, or dry by directly or indirectly drying an object to be dried using hot air of a heater An apparatus can also be constructed.

  On the other hand, FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a direct drying drying apparatus for a drying apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 9, a frame 100 is installed, and a space is partitioned inside by the frame 100, and the partitioned internal space forms a drying chamber 10, and an object to be dried is communicated with the outside to be dried. An inlet 130 for carrying in the interior of the chamber 10 and an outlet 140 for allowing dried objects to be dried to the outside are formed.

  An input device 400 that inputs an object to be dried into the inside of the drying chamber is connected to the input port 130, and an extraction device 500 that extracts the dried object to be dried to the outside of the drying chamber is connected to the discharge port 140. . The feeding device 400 and the taking-out device 500 are mainly screw conveyor type devices that are advantageous for maintaining the airtightness of the drying chamber 10, but the present invention is not limited to this, and various types of feeding devices and taking-out devices should be used. Can do.

  On the other hand, the drying chamber 10 is provided with a flow path through which a heating medium such as hot air or superheated steam is supplied so that the heating medium flows in and out of the drying chamber 10 so as to be in direct contact with the object to be dried. The heater 300 can be heated to a predetermined temperature and supplied to the inside of the drying chamber 10.

  In the drying chamber 10, one or more rakes 30 or ceiling rakes 60 that stir and flow the material to be dried are connected to the rotating shaft 40, and the rotating shaft 40 is connected to the driving unit 20 to rotate power. Rotational power is transmitted to the rake 30 located on the floor surface of the drying chamber 10 or the rake 60 for ceiling located on the ceiling surface. The drive unit 20 is mainly composed of an electric motor and a reducer. The drive unit 20 and the rotary shaft 40 may be arranged as a single unit or a plurality of units as necessary. Also good.

  Further, a stirring impeller 80 is further installed on the rotating shaft 40 to stir the heat medium. That is, the agitation impeller 80 replaces the heat medium that has been brought into contact with the object to be dried and the temperature of the heat medium that has been lowered, and the high-temperature heat medium on the upper side, or the object to be dried increases the surface area of the object to be dried. In addition to improving the moisture evaporation rate, the drying efficiency is increased by replacing the dried material that has been dried in contact with the heat medium and the dried material that has a relatively high moisture content. The content can be made uniform.

  Here, a vertical blade 90 can protrude from at least one of the rake 30, the ceiling rake 60, and the impeller 80. The vertical blade 90 can increase the drying efficiency and shorten the drying time by, for example, increasing the surface area where moisture can be evaporated by scratching the object to be dried and increasing the contact area with the heat medium. One or more vertical blades on at least one of the upper surface of all the rakes described below, the lower surface of the ceiling rake, the upper surface and the lower surface of the impeller, whether or not indicated in the drawing Can be configured.

  FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an indirect drying type drying apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 10, a heat medium circulation chamber 70 is further installed in at least one of the upper part, the lower part, and the side part of the drying chamber 10, and heat such as hot air, hot water, or superheated steam is provided in the heat medium circulation chamber. An indirect drying type drying apparatus that conducts heat to an object to be dried put in a drying chamber 10 by circulating a medium is shown. In the drying chamber 10, like the drying chamber in FIG. 9, an impeller 80, a rake 30, a rake 60 for ceiling, a vertical blade 90, and the like can be installed.

  In addition, in the heat medium circulation chamber 70, a rake for removing dust and scale and transferring a rake for ceiling can be installed on at least one of the floor surface and the ceiling surface. At least one of the floor brush 30a and the ceiling brush 60a that can remove the foreign matters by sweeping the ceiling surface can be installed.

  Dust and scale debris removed by the rake and brush are collected and transported along the floor surface by the floor rake 30 and brush 30a, and are discharged from a discharge port 71 provided on one side of the floor surface. Can be discharged. A collection unit having a shape such as a hopper or a funnel is disposed at the discharge port, and when a certain amount of dust or scale debris is collected, the discharge valve 71 is opened and discharged intermittently, whereby the heat medium is always opened. Can be prevented from overflowing.

  Also, the impeller 80 is installed on the rotating shaft 40 also inside the heat medium circulation chamber 70, and the heat medium is mixed and circulated by the rotating impeller, thereby increasing the amount of heat conducted to the drying chamber 10.

  With reference to FIG. 3C, an embodiment of a rake and vertical blade of a drying apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention will be described. This is an embodiment in which one or more vertical blades 90 projecting upward are further formed on the blade 33 of the rake 30 for the floor surface, and the vertical blade is installed in a vertical direction or inclined to the blade. The surface of the object to be dried is also stirred to increase the surface area where moisture can evaporate, and a rough space is formed so that the heat medium can come into contact with the object to be dried. The drying efficiency can be increased and the drying time can be shortened by increasing the contact area between the dried product and the heat medium. Regardless of whether or not there is a display in the drawing, the vertical blade is configured on at least one of the upper surface of all the rakes described below, the lower surface of the ceiling rake, the upper surface and the lower surface of the impeller. Can do.

  In addition, the vertical blade 90 has a zigzag shape in which a plurality of plate members intersect a rod shape, a square rod shape, a screw shape, a plate material shape, a twist shape formed by twisting a strip plate material, a bar material, or the like. ), Or a plurality of axial-flow or mixed-flow-type rotor blades stacked in a row and welded or assembled to a connecting rod. Any shapes and configurations that can be stirred and mixed are also included within the scope of the present invention.

  FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a rake for a ceiling and a vertical blade according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

  The ceiling rake 60 is connected to the rotary shaft 40 so as to be in close contact with the ceiling surface of the drying chamber or the heat medium circulation chamber, and is to be dried, dust, scale, foreign matter, etc. attached to the ceiling surface while rotating. By removing, the risk of dust explosion can be reduced and the drying efficiency can be increased. Foreign substances that obstruct heat transfer can be removed, the thermal conductivity can be improved, the drying efficiency can be improved, and the drying time can be shortened, which is more useful in the indirect drying method.

  Further, the blade 63 of the ceiling rake 60 may be configured such that one or more vertical blades 90 protrude vertically or inclined toward the floor. Such suspended vertical blades are swirled from the surface of the object to be dried to widen the surface area where moisture can evaporate and form a rough space so that the heat medium can contact the interior of the object to be dried. Thus, the drying efficiency can be increased, for example, the contact area between the object to be dried and the heat medium can be increased, and the drying time can be shortened. The vertical blade 90 is not particularly limited in its shape, and various shapes exemplified in FIGS. 3B and 3C such as a rod shape, a square rod shape, a plate material shape, a screw shape formed by twisting a strip plate material, and the like. It can be molded and applied in the form.

  FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an impeller according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

  FIG. 12 shows an embodiment in which a heating impeller or an object to be dried is stirred and mixed to improve the drying efficiency by installing a stirring impeller 80 on the rotating shaft 40. The impeller blades may be any of a plate material, a vertically long flat plate material, or an impeller type applicable to existing agitators and fluid machines such as a centrifugal flow type, an axial flow type, and a diagonal flow type. it can. In the case of an impeller composed of a flat plate material, the installation angle formed by the rotating shaft and the flat plate material can be in the range of 0 to 180 ° C., such as a paddle type agitator. In any of the embodiments according to the present invention, an impeller can be further configured on the rotating shaft as in this embodiment regardless of the presence or absence of display in the drawing.

  Referring to FIG. 3B, an embodiment of an impeller and a vertical blade will be described. In the figure, one or more vertical blades 90 projecting vertically or inclined from the lower surface of the impeller 80 are illustrated. These vertical blades may be configured on the upper surface of the impeller, or may be configured on both the upper surface and the lower surface.

  The vertical blade installed on this impeller is swirled from the surface of the object to be dried to widen the surface area where moisture can evaporate, and forms a rough space so that the heat medium contacts the inside of the object to be dried. It is possible to increase the drying efficiency and shorten the drying time by increasing the contact area between the object to be dried and the heat medium. The shape and configuration of this vertical blade are as described in FIGS. 3B and 3C.

  However, in FIG. 3B, the vertical blade 90 and the impeller 80 are shown as different configurations, but the vertical blade 90 and the impeller 80 may be configured as a single unit.

  FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a brush and a ceiling brush according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

  At least one of the floor brush 30a and the ceiling brush 60a is installed on the internal rotation shaft of the drying chamber or the heat medium circulation chamber, and foreign substances can be removed from the ceiling surface and the floor surface. The brushes 30a and 60a are mainly applied to a heat medium circulation chamber that does not require a large stirring force, and can reduce the risk of dust explosion and prevent a decrease in thermal conductivity due to accumulation of foreign substances.

  The brush can be made of a synthetic resin yarn that can withstand high temperatures, a metal yarn, a stretchable filamentous material, or a plate-like material having excellent restoring force after stretching.

  FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram showing a multistage drying apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

  The drying chamber of the drying apparatus according to the present invention may have a single layer structure as shown in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10, or may have a multilayer structure in which a plurality of drying chambers are vertically stacked as shown in FIG. When an object to be dried is carried into the uppermost drying chamber 10a through the charging device 400, the carried object is stirred and moved on the floor surface of the uppermost drying chamber 10a by the rotation of the rake 30. The discharge port 140 passes through the lowermost drying chamber 10f while repeating stepwise dropping and lateral movement from the transfer port 120 formed on one side of the floor surface of the uppermost drying chamber 10a to the drying chamber 10b immediately below. And is dried in the form of Plug Flow as a whole. Therefore, compared with the conventional rotary dryer similar to the perfect mixing type, the capacity and drying time of the drying chamber are shortened, the drying efficiency is improved, and if it is installed in a multi-stage, the required capacity of the drying chamber is sufficient even in a small area It is economical in terms of site.

  The drying chambers 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, and 10f include various forms of the rake 30, the rake 60 for the ceiling, the rotating shaft 40, the brush 30a, the brush 60a for the ceiling, the impeller 80, and the vertical. All or some of the blades 90 can be selectively combined and installed, and the multistage drying apparatus can be installed in a plurality of drying chambers using a single drive unit 20 and a rotating shaft 40. Since the rake and the impeller can be driven at the same time, it is advantageous in terms of the configuration of the apparatus.

  In the example of FIG. 14, the material to be dried put into the uppermost drying chamber 10a is taken out from the lowermost drying chamber 10f. Also, a heating medium such as hot air or superheated steam flows into the drying chamber 10b directly below the uppermost layer, and is discharged from the drying chamber 10e immediately above the lowermost drying chamber 10f, whereby the uppermost drying chamber. The heat medium does not flow directly into the drying chamber 10f of the lowermost layer 10a and indirect drying is performed, and direct drying is performed in the remaining drying chambers 10b, 10c, 10d, and 10e. Therefore, since the heat medium does not directly flow into the uppermost ceiling surface and the lowermost floor surface of the outer frame 100 that are in contact with the atmosphere, heat loss conducted to the atmosphere can be reduced. However, the heat medium can be allowed to flow into the uppermost drying chamber and out of the lowermost drying chamber by ensuring the heat insulating function of the outer frame 100 sufficiently.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 14, a multi-stage drying apparatus using a direct drying method is illustrated. However, as shown in FIG. 10, a multi-stage drying apparatus using a heat medium circulation chamber is provided between the drying chamber and the drying chamber. A drying device may be used. FIG. 14 shows a multistage drying apparatus having six stages of drying chambers and three rows of rotating shafts 40, but is not limited to this, and includes two or more stages of drying chambers and one or more rows of rotating shafts 40. Various types of combined multi-stage drying apparatuses can be configured.

  FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram showing the flow of the object to be dried, the heat medium, and the exhaust gas and the apparatus configuration in a drying apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

  An object to be dried carried in by a transporting means or the like is input to the drying chamber 10 via the input device 400, and an object to be dried which is dried by directly or indirectly contacting the heat medium in the drying chamber is taken out from the apparatus 500. In the case of an object to be dried which is taken out from the drying chamber and carried out to the outside or combustible, it is burned by the heater 300 and used as a heat source for drying, and the surplus is used as a heat source for industrial, heating, etc. Can be used.

  The heat medium such as hot air and superheated steam that has flowed out after transferring heat to the object to be dried in the drying room is burned partly or entirely by the heater 300, so that volatile organic substances in the heat medium, etc. Can be incinerated and taken away, or used as combustion air. Further, part or all of the heat medium flowing out from the drying chamber is directly heated by the heater 300, or is heat-exchanged by the heat exchanger 700 with the high-temperature exhaust gas exhausted from the heater and reheated. be able to. In this process, dust contained in the heat medium and the exhaust gas of the heater 300 may accumulate on the heat exchanger 700, and in order to prevent this, the heat medium and the exhaust gas respectively collect cyclone (Cyclone). It is preferable to pass through a dust collector 600a, 600b such as a duster. In addition, the exhaust gas of the heater that has preferentially transferred heat to the heat medium in the heat exchanger 700 has a considerable residual heat, and in order to improve the thermal efficiency, the heat exchanger 700a is further installed, and the exhaust gas This residual heat can be used for preheating the air supplied to the heater 300.

  The exhaust gas of the heater 300 that has been subjected to heat exchange may contain dust, foul odor-inducing substances, and other pollutants, and in particular, burns a heat medium that is in direct contact with organic substances such as agricultural and marine products and sludge. To remove pollutants such as dust, bad odor, sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, etc. contained in the exhaust gas of a heater, such as a bag filter dust collector, an electric dust collector, etc. The drying apparatus includes a dust collector 600, a scrubber 900 for cleaning exhaust gas using a chemical solution such as water or an alkaline solution, or an adsorber 800 for adsorbing contaminants with activated carbon. It is preferable to do.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 15, the flow of the gas to be dried by the direct drying method, the heat medium, and the gas exhausted from the heater is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the dust collector, the heat exchanger, the cleaning device, the adsorption It can be in the form of various flows provided with at least one device of the oven, constitute a drying device by an indirect drying method, or dry by directly or indirectly drying an object to be dried using hot air of a heater An apparatus can also be constructed.

  The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments and drawings, and the scope of the present invention should be defined by the contents described in the appended claims.

10a Drying room (top layer)
10b Drying chamber 10c Drying chamber 10d Drying chamber 10e Drying chamber 10f Drying chamber (lowermost layer)
20 Drive unit 30 Rake (for floor)
40 Rotating shaft 50 Supporting elastic body 60 Rake (for ceiling)
80 Impeller 100 Frame 120 Transfer port 130 Input port 140 Discharge port 300 Heat medium heater 400 Input device 500 Extraction device

Claims (11)

A drying chamber for heating and drying the object to be dried;
A rake installed inside the drying chamber and stirred by the rotation of a blade connected to a hub;
A rotary shaft that is inserted into the rotary shaft insertion port of the rake and transmits a rotational force;
A drive unit for rotating the rake via the rotating shaft;
A heater that generates heat such that heat is supplied directly or indirectly to the drying chamber;
Including
The outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft and the inner peripheral surface of the rotating shaft insertion port are arranged in a loosely-fitted state so that the rake can slide along the rotating shaft, and have non-circular shapes corresponding to each other. And the rake blade scrapes in contact with the ceiling surface or floor surface of the drying chamber.   The drying apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a supporting elastic body that provides an elastic force in an axial direction so that the blade of the rake is in close contact with a ceiling surface or a floor surface of the drying chamber.   The drying apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a mass body that increases gravity in an axial direction so that a blade of the rake contacting the floor surface of the drying chamber is in close contact with the floor surface of the drying chamber.   The rotary shaft insertion port of the rake and the rotary shaft inserted into the rotary shaft insertion port have an elliptical, polygonal, or gear-shaped cross-sectional shape according to any one of claims 1 to 3. Drying equipment.   The drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a vertical blade formed so as to protrude in an axial direction from the blade of the rake. A drying chamber for heating and drying the object to be dried;
A heat medium circulation chamber in which a heat medium circulates and conducts heat to the drying chamber;
A brush that brushes in contact with a ceiling surface or a floor surface of the drying chamber or the heat medium circulation chamber;
A rotating shaft that transmits rotational force to the brush;
A drive unit for rotating the brush via the rotation shaft;
A heater that generates heat such that heat is supplied directly or indirectly to the drying chamber;
A drying apparatus comprising: A drying chamber for heating and drying the object to be dried;
A rake installed inside the drying chamber for stirring the material to be dried;
A rotating shaft for transmitting a rotational force to the rake;
A drive unit for rotating the rake via the rotating shaft;
A heater that generates heat such that heat is supplied directly or indirectly to the drying chamber;
A plurality of vertical blades protruding axially from the rake;
A drying apparatus comprising:   The drying apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a heat medium circulation chamber in which a heat medium circulates and conducts heat to the drying chamber. A drying chamber for drying by heating the object to be dried with a heat medium;
A rake that is installed inside the drying chamber and agitates the material to be dried while scraping in contact with the ceiling surface or floor surface of the drying chamber;
A rotary shaft that is inserted into the rotary shaft insertion port of the rake and transmits a rotational force;
An impeller coupled to the rotating shaft and rotating to stir, mix and circulate a material to be dried or a heat medium;
A drive unit for rotating the rake via the rotating shaft;
A heater that generates heat such that heat is supplied directly or indirectly to the drying chamber;
A drying apparatus comprising:   The drying apparatus according to claim 9, wherein a vertical blade is formed to protrude in the axial direction on the impeller, and the heating medium or the object to be dried is stirred. Further comprising at least one of a dust collector, a heat exchanger, an adsorption facility or a scrubber;
The exhaust gas exhausted from the drying chamber or the heater flows into at least one of the dust collector, the heat exchanger, the adsorption facility, or the cleaning device. Item 10. The drying device according to any one of Items 9.

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