JP2009216381A - Reduced-pressure drier - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve a conventional dryer's problems of unequal dryness and reduction of thermal conductivity caused by adhesion of treatment objects to a wall surface of a treatment vessel or conglomerating of the treatment objects in a position where mixing is insufficient, and a problem wherein even scattering objects scattering in the treatment vessel are discharged from an exhaust port and the scattering objects remain in a vacuum pump, in a heat exchanger, etc. <P>SOLUTION: A reduced-pressure dryer 10 heats the treatment objects while mixing them in the treatment vessel 12 having reduced-pressure atmosphere by forcible discharge. In the reduced-pressure drier 10, mixing blades 20 for mixing the treatment objects are composed of: foot parts 29 fixed and installed to a rotation shaft 19; and wing parts 30 attachably/detachably installed to the foot parts 29. The drier is equipped with plate-like members 18 projecting to the radial direction from the rotation shaft 19 of the mixing blades 20. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure of a vacuum dryer that heats and drys a processed product in a vacuum atmosphere.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a vacuum (decompression) drying technique is known in which a processing object is charged into a vacuum processing tank as a processing tank, the inside of the processing tank is set to a vacuum or a reduced pressure environment, and the processing object is dehydrated and dried by heating. . For example, drying of household and commercial food waste, drying of concentrated waste liquid from commercial plating, printed circuit boards, painting, chemical factories, organic and metal processing factories, and sludge generated during sludge treatment It is used for drying.

In Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, the processing object is put into a vacuum processing tank, and the processing object is heated while maintaining a vacuum or a reduced pressure atmosphere in the processing tank, and a shaft provided in the processing tank in the vertical or horizontal direction. A dryer having a structure in which the processed material is stirred by a stirring blade rotating around the center is proposed. In these dryers, by setting a vacuum or a reduced pressure environment, the boiling point of moisture contained in the processed product is lowered, heating costs are reduced by low-temperature heating, and efficient drying can be performed.
Moreover, in the dryer of patent document 1, after employ | adopting the system taken in to the water for suction of a water ejector after employ | adopting a water ejector as a vacuum pump and evaporating the water | moisture content contained in a processed material, it evaporated. More effective drying can be performed by forcibly sucking moisture.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 51-84452 JP 2001-2559566 A

In the conventional dryer, when the processed product is put into the processing tank and dried, warm air drying or wall surface conduction heating by the inner wall of the processing tank is performed. However, there is a problem that the treatment efficiency is lowered due to non-uniform dryness or a decrease in thermal conductivity because the processed material is hardened in a place where stirring is not sufficiently achieved.
In addition, when evacuating the processing tank into which the processing object has been charged, the gas in the processing tank is forcibly sucked out from the exhaust port formed in the processing tank by a vacuum pump such as an aspirator or a vacuum motor. At this time, in order to keep the inside of the treatment tank in a reduced pressure or vacuum state, it must be sucked with a certain suction force, but due to this suction force, the treatment tank is scattered. The scattered matter may be sucked up, and the scattered matter may stay in a vacuum pump or a heat exchanger. As a result, the vacuum pump, the heat exchanger, etc. become dirty and frequent maintenance is required, or the vacuum pump, the heat exchanger, etc. fail or cause a reduction in suction capacity.

  The problems to be solved by the present invention are as described above. Next, means for solving the problems will be described.

  That is, in the first aspect of the present invention, in the reduced-pressure dryer that heats the processed product while stirring it in the processing tank in a reduced-pressure atmosphere by forced exhaust, the stirring blade that stirs the processed product is fixed to the rotary shaft. And a wing part detachably provided on the leg part.

  In claim 2, in a reduced-pressure dryer that heats a processed product while stirring in a processing tank in a reduced-pressure atmosphere by forced evacuation, a stirring blade capable of rotating about a rotation axis is provided in the processing tank, A plate-like member protruding in the radial direction from the rotating shaft of the stirring blade is provided.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vacuum dryer for heating a processing object while stirring in a processing tank in a reduced pressure atmosphere by forced exhaust, a stirring blade driving means for rotationally driving a stirring blade provided in the processing tank, and a processing tank Supply valve opening / closing drive means for opening and closing a supply valve provided at the supply port of the processed product into the inside, discharge valve opening / closing drive means for opening and closing a discharge valve provided at the discharge port of the treatment product from within the treatment tank, and A supply valve opening / closing drive means, a discharge valve opening / closing drive means, and a control means for controlling the operation of the stirring blade driving means, and after opening and closing the supply valve a predetermined number of times, the discharge valve is opened and the stirring blade The stirring blade is rotationally driven so that the processed material moves to the discharge port side.

  As effects of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

  According to the first aspect, the shape of the stirring blade can be selected according to the processing object. In addition, it is easy to adjust the separation distance between the inner wall of the treatment tank and the stirring blade.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the scattering of the processed material which is about to be scattered to the steam outlet.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the processing object can be charged into the processing tank by using the reduced pressure of the processing tank, and the work charging / discharging operation can be automated.

The front view which shows the vacuum dryer which concerns on the 1st Example of this invention. Similarly side view. FIG. The front view which shows the internal structure of the processing tank of a vacuum dryer. The figure which shows the open / close state of a discharge valve. The side view of the processing tank which shows a stirring blade and a scraper. The side view of the processing tank which shows the stirring blade and the plate for scattering prevention. The front view which shows the structure of a stirring blade. The front view which shows the 1st another form of a stirring blade. Similarly side view. The front view which shows the 2nd another form of a stirring blade. Similarly side view. Sectional drawing which shows an exhaust port and a filter unit. Sectional drawing which shows the structure of a filter unit. Sectional drawing which shows the function of a filter unit. The figure which shows the structure of a waste-liquid processing system. The block diagram which shows the system of the vacuum dryer in a waste liquid processing system. The block diagram which shows another form of the system of the vacuum dryer in a waste liquid processing system. The block diagram which shows the action | operation mechanism of an air cylinder. The flowchart which shows the action | operation of a waste-liquid supply valve. The block diagram which shows the structure of the vacuum dryer which concerns on the 2nd Example of this invention. The front view which shows a vacuum dryer. The rear view which shows a vacuum dryer. The front view which showed the vacuum dryer which concerns on the 3rd Example of this invention. FIG. The top view which shows the internal structure of a vacuum dryer. The left view which shows the internal structure of a vacuum dryer. The right view which shows the internal structure of a vacuum dryer. The figure explaining the structure of the vacuum pump in a reduced pressure dryer. The figure which shows the heating structure of the heat medium by a heater.

Next, embodiments of the invention will be described.
1 is a front view showing a vacuum dryer according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view, and FIG. 3 is a plan view. FIG. 4 is a front view showing the internal structure of the treatment tank of the vacuum dryer, and FIG. 5 is a view showing an open / close state of the discharge valve.
6 is a side view of the processing tank showing the stirring blade and the scraper, FIG. 7 is a side view of the processing tank showing the stirring blade and the anti-scattering plate, and FIG. 8 is a front view showing the configuration of the stirring blade.
FIG. 9 is a front view showing a first alternative embodiment of the stirring blade, and FIG. 10 is a side view of the same.
FIG. 11 is a front view showing a second alternative embodiment of the stirring blade, and FIG. 12 is a side view of the same.
13 is a cross-sectional view showing the exhaust port and the filter unit, FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the filter unit, and FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing the function of the filter unit.
FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a configuration of a waste liquid treatment system, FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing a vacuum dryer system in the waste liquid treatment system, and FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the vacuum dryer system in the waste liquid treatment system. .
FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing the operation mechanism of the air cylinder, and FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing the operation of the waste liquid supply valve.

1 is a front view showing a vacuum dryer according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view, and FIG. 3 is a plan view. FIG. 4 is a front view showing the internal structure of the treatment tank of the vacuum dryer, and FIG. 5 is a view showing an open / close state of the discharge valve.
6 is a side view of the processing tank showing the stirring blade and the scraper, FIG. 7 is a side view of the processing tank showing the stirring blade and the anti-scattering plate, and FIG. 8 is a front view showing the configuration of the stirring blade.
FIG. 9 is a front view showing a first alternative embodiment of the stirring blade, and FIG. 10 is a side view of the same.
FIG. 11 is a front view showing a second alternative embodiment of the stirring blade, and FIG. 12 is a side view of the same.
13 is a cross-sectional view showing the exhaust port and the filter unit, FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the filter unit, and FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing the function of the filter unit.
FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a configuration of a waste liquid treatment system, FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing a vacuum dryer system in the waste liquid treatment system, and FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the vacuum dryer system in the waste liquid treatment system. .
FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing the operation mechanism of the air cylinder, and FIG. 20 is a flowchart showing the operation of the waste liquid supply valve.

First, the overall configuration of the vacuum dryer 10 according to the first embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a processing tank 12 is internally provided in the casing 11 of the vacuum dryer 10. In the processing tank 12, there are provided a stirring blade 21 including a rotating shaft 19 penetrating in a substantially horizontal direction and blade bodies 20, 20... Fixed to the rotating shaft 19. The rotating shaft 19 is rotated by the driving of a motor 16 as a stirring blade driving means.

[Treatment tank 12]
Next, the structure of the processing tank 12 will be described in detail.
The processing tank 12 is a vacuum vessel, and includes a cylindrical body portion 13 whose one end is closed and a short cylindrical lid portion 14 whose one end is closed via a seal member. By connecting, it is formed in a cylindrical shape closed at both ends. The processing tank 12 is supported by legs 12g and 12g fixed to the lower part of the processing tank 12.

Jackets 13a and 14a are formed on the cylindrical portion of the body 13 and the lid 14 of the processing tank 12, and the heat of the heat medium flowing into and storing in the jackets 13a and 14a is transferred to the entire processing tank 12. A wall surface conductive heating method is employed in which the processed object is heated by being conducted from the inner wall surface to the processed object.
Thereby, a processed material is heated efficiently and the reduction of energy cost is aimed at. Note that steam, warm water, oil, or the like can be used as the heat medium.

Further, the inner wall of the treatment tank 12 is almost entirely formed of a curved surface. The connecting portion between the cylindrical peripheral surface of the treatment tank 12 and the closed surface is chamfered, and the closed surface is formed into a spherical shape. Further, the inner wall of the treatment tank 12 is subjected to fluororesin processing to prevent the treatment product from sticking.
Thus, by not forming a corner in the treatment tank 12, there is no shape portion where the treatment object is likely to be deposited, and the unevenness in heating due to the uniform dispersion of the treatment object in the treatment tank is achieved. . Moreover, by not forming a corner in the treatment tank 12, it is possible to eliminate a place where the stirring action by the stirring blade 21 is difficult to reach, and the processed product is well stirred.

An exhaust port 12 c is opened at the upper portion of the body portion 13 of the processing tank 12. The exhaust port 12c is connected to the vacuum pump 56 via the filter unit 22, the suction pipe 23, and the like.
Further, support portions 12d and 12e for rotatably supporting the stirring blades 21 are formed on the body portion 13 and the lid portion 14 of the processing tank 12, respectively.

The lid 14 of the treatment tank 12 is provided with a viewing window 12j disposed above the substantially vertical center, and a treatment supply port 12a and a residue discharge port 12b disposed below the substantial vertical center. It is done. The supply port 12a and the discharge port 12b are located below the liquid level in the operation state of the vacuum dryer 10.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the discharge port 12b is provided with a discharge valve 12h, and the discharge valve 12h is provided with a cylinder 15 as an actuator for opening and closing. The drive of the cylinder 15 is controlled by an electromagnetic valve, and the discharge valve 12h is opened and closed by a button operation by an operator or by automatic control, and the residue after drying is discharged from the discharge port 12b. When the discharge valve 12h is closed, the discharge port 12b is sealed by a seal member interposed between the discharge valve 12h and the discharge port 12b.

[Stirring blade 21]
Next, the structure of the stirring blade 21 will be described in detail.
The agitating blade 21 is supported by support portions 12d and 12e formed in the processing tank 12, and has a rotating shaft 19 disposed in a substantially horizontal direction, and a blade body 20, 20,. .., and scrapers 17, 17 and scattering prevention plates 18, 18... The wing body 20, the scraper 17, and the anti-scattering plate 18 are subjected to fluororesin processing on their surfaces in order to prevent the processed material from sticking.
In this embodiment, five sets of wing bodies 20, 20... Are mounted on the rotating shaft 19 with mutually different phases (displaced by a predetermined angle in a side view). However, it is preferable to appropriately change the number, size, etc. of the wing bodies 20, 20... According to the shape of the treatment tank 12 and the treatment object.

As shown in FIG. 6, the scrapers 17 and 17 are plate-like bodies fixed to both ends of the rotating shaft 19 in the processing tank 12. The shape of the scrapers 17 and 17 is curved in accordance with the closed surface of the processing tank 12 formed in a curved surface, and is arranged so that there is almost no gap between the inner wall of the processing tank 12. Is done.
The scrapers 17 and 17 and the blades 20, 20, and the like rotate integrally to stir and crush the processed product that is to be fixed to the closed surface in the processing tank 12.

7 are disposed between the scrapers 17 and 17 of the rotating shaft 19 in the processing tank 12, as shown in FIG. In this embodiment, five plates are arranged radially around the rotating shaft 19 according to the number of wing bodies 20, 20..., And fixed to the rotating shaft 19.
By the scattering prevention plates 18, 18,..., The processed material that is scattered by the stirring action of the blade bodies 20, 20,.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the wing body 20 includes a leg portion 29 composed of two legs 31 and 31 each having a base portion fixed so as to be substantially orthogonal to the rotation shaft 19, and an end portion of the leg portion 29. And a wing portion 30 fixed to the wing portion.

The leg portion 29 of the two legs is large in rigidity while suppressing resistance as compared with the structure of a single leg. Further, the legs 31 and 31 are provided through the rotating shaft 19 so that the rigidity of the connecting portion between the legs 31 and 31 and the rotating shaft 19 is improved.
Since the processed material containing a large amount of moisture is relatively heavy, the load applied to the blade body 20 during stirring is large. For this reason, it is desirable to increase the rigidity of the wing body 20 in terms of expanding the uses of the vacuum dryer 10 and increasing the durability.

  The plate 32 forming the wing portion 30 of the wing body 20 is disposed with an inclination with respect to the rotating shaft 19. A plurality of plate-like ribs 33, 33... Projecting in a direction substantially perpendicular to the side surface is formed on both side surfaces of the plate 32. The ribs 33 are used to reinforce the plate 32 and improve the stirring and crushing efficiency by the blade body 20.

Further, the peripheral portion of the plate 32 facing the inner wall of the treatment tank 12 is formed in conformity with the inner wall so that there is almost no gap with the inner wall, and can efficiently scrape off the processed material to be fixed to the inner wall. Is possible. In addition to this, as described above, the inner wall of the treatment tank 12 has a cornerless shape, so that the treatment object can be more effectively prevented from sticking to the inner wall of the treatment tank 12. By preventing the treatment product from adhering to the inner wall of the treatment tank 12, it is possible to reduce heat conduction loss due to adhesion, to prevent scorching, and to improve the contact thermal efficiency of the treatment product to the wall surface.
The plate 32 and the inner wall of the processing tank 12 are separated so as not to contact each other, and the fluororesin coating on the inner wall of the processing tank 12 is prevented from being peeled off.

The wing part 30 of the wing body 20 is detachable from the leg part 29. A fixed plate 31a of the wing part 30 is provided at one end of the legs 31 and 31 constituting the leg part 29 of the wing body 20, and the wing part 30 is screwed to the fixed plate 31a.
As described above, by making the wing part 30 removable, it is possible to replace the wing part 30 with a shape suitable for the processing object, and to adjust the separation distance between the wing part 30 and the inner wall of the treatment tank. It becomes easy.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, as the wing portion 30 of the wing body 20, a substantially gate-shaped member in which an upright surface is formed by bending both side portions of the plate body toward the inner wall of the treatment tank 12 is employed. You can also In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the wing portion 30 is formed by bending both end sides of the plate body toward the inner wall of the treatment tank 12 approximately 30 degrees.
The wing portion 30 is disposed so that standing surfaces exist on the upstream side and the downstream side in the rotational direction of the wing body 20, and is fixed to the legs 31 with fastening members such as bolts.
In the wing body 20 having the above-described configuration, the processing objects gathered on the inner wall side of the processing tank 12 can be pushed out and agitated on both of the rising surfaces on the upstream side and the downstream side in the rotation direction of the wing part 30.

In addition, it is possible to employ a member that is urged so that the wing portion 30 of the wing body 20 always abuts against the inner wall of the treatment tank 12. However, in this case, the inner wall surface of the treatment tank 12 is not processed with fluororesin.
As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a replacement wing 34 is detachably attached to the fixed plate 31a fixed to the legs 31 and 31 of the stirring blade. The replacement wing portion 34 connects the inner peripheral side frame 34h, the outer peripheral side frame 34b positioned on the outer peripheral side of the inner peripheral side frame 34h, and the inner peripheral side frame 34h and the outer peripheral side frame 34b so as to be close to each other. The link 34c and a scraper 34a fixed to the outer peripheral side frame 34b. A biasing spring 34g is disposed between a spring receiver 34e fixed to the outer peripheral frame 34b and a spring receiver bolt 34f inserted into the fixed plate 31a. 34b is urged to the outer peripheral side. The urging force of the urging spring 34g can be adjusted by the spring receiving bolt 34f.
In this way, when the outer peripheral side frame 34b is urged toward the outer peripheral side, the scraper 34a at least a part of which is located on the outer peripheral side follows the unevenness of the inner wall 12f of the processing tank 12, Even if the wing body 20 rotates, the state in which the blade body 20 is in contact with the inner wall 12f of the processing tank 12 is always maintained. As a result, it is possible to strongly scrape off the processed material that is to be fixed to the inner wall 12f of the processing tank 12 by the replacement wing portion 34 constituting the wing body 20.

[Filter unit 22]
Next, the structure of the filter unit 22 detachably inserted between the exhaust port 12c of the processing tank 12 and the suction pipe 23 connected to the exhaust port 12c will be described in detail.
As shown also in FIG. 13, the exhaust port 12c opened to the upper part of the trunk | drum 13 of the processing tank 12 protrudes upward cylindrically, and the flange 12k is formed in the edge part of this protrusion part. The flange 12k can be connected to a flange 24b provided in the filter unit 22, and a suction pipe 23 connected to a vacuum pump 56 is connected to the exhaust port 12c via the filter unit 22.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the filter unit 22 includes a filter case 24 that is a cylindrical body having upper and lower flanges 24 a and 24 b, and a filter body 25 that is detachably provided in the filter case 24. .

  The filter case 24 includes a flange 24b for fixing to the flange 12k formed in the exhaust port 12c of the treatment tank 12, and a flange 24a for fixing to the flange 23a formed in the suction pipe 23 from the cylindrical body. The body portion 24c is fixed. The body 24c is provided with an opening through which the filter main body 25 can be inserted, and the flanges 24a and 24b are provided with fixing portions 24d for fixing the filter main body 25.

On the other hand, the filter main body 25 includes a cylindrical frame 25c, a fixing portion 25b for fixing to a fixing portion 24d of the filter case 24 fixed to the frame 25c, and a flying object fixed to the frame 25c. .. And the filter 26.
The filter 26 is made of stainless wool, glass fiber or the like, and the filter 26 can be replaced by taking out the filter body 25 together with the filter case 24.

In addition, the flying object return 27, 27 ... is a mountain-shaped plate-like body made of a material that is difficult to react, such as stainless steel, and the plurality of flying object return 27, 27 ... are alternately arranged in a plurality of stages in the exhaust direction. Arranged side by side. The scattered object return 27, 27,... Is horizontally layered on the frame body 25c in the front-rear or left-right direction, and is arranged in two layers, with the open side of the V-shaped cross section facing downward, The object return 27 and the scattered object return 27 are alternately arranged in the front-rear direction or the left-right direction, and are arranged so as to partially overlap in plan view. However, it is possible to arrange three or more layers.
In addition, the fluororesin processing can be given to the scattered matter return 27, 27... To prevent the scattered matter from adhering to the scattered matter return 27.

  As shown in FIG. 15, the scattered matter return 27, 27... Can return the scattered matter P · P... Scattered from the inside of the processing tank 12 to the exhaust port 12 c to the inside of the processing tank 12. The path of the gas sucked by the vacuum pump 56 from the exhaust port 12c is not obstructed. .. Are provided in the exhaust port 12c of the treatment tank 12, so that only the gas passes through the suction pipe 23, and the heat exchange connected to the suction pipe 23 and the suction pipe 23 is performed. Contamination and functional deterioration of the container 37, the vacuum pump 56, etc. can be prevented. This facilitates maintenance of the suction tube 23, the heat exchanger 37, the vacuum pump 56, and the like, and can improve the durability thereof. Furthermore, the amount of impurities contained in the gas sucked from the treatment tank 12 is reduced, and the separation efficiency can be improved.

  As shown in FIG. 13, a nozzle 45 that discharges cleaning water for cleaning the filter 26 and the scattered matter return 27 is provided in the suction pipe 23. By discharging cleaning water from the nozzle 45 before the operation of the vacuum dryer or during maintenance, the scattered matter adhering to the filter 26 and the scattered matter return 27 can be removed. Thereby, simple maintenance of the filter unit 22 can be performed without removing the filter unit 22.

[Waste liquid treatment system using a vacuum dryer]
Next, an example of a waste liquid treatment system that employs the vacuum dryer 10 will be described.
The waste liquid treatment system is a system in which a concentrated waste liquid discharged from a plating / printed board / painting / chemical factory / organic / metal processing factory, etc. is chemically pretreated and then rapidly dried by a vacuum dryer 10. By using this waste liquid processing system, the processing time is shortened and the equipment can be made compact compared to the conventional one, so that the industrial processing cost can be greatly reduced. Furthermore, the treated water generated by the waste liquid treatment system can be used as reused water, and the residue can be subjected to regeneration, so that the resources can be effectively used.

As shown in FIG. 16, the waste liquid treatment system includes a reaction tank 39 into which the waste liquid is introduced, a vacuum dryer 10, a treated water tank 40, and a heating unit that heats the treatment in the treatment tank 12 of the vacuum dryer 10. And a heat exchanger 37 and a cooling system 36 as a cooling means for cooling the gas sucked from the treatment tank 12 into a liquid.
The waste liquid treated by this waste liquid treatment system contains metals, organic substances, etc. According to this system, the content in the waste liquid is converted into a precipitate (solid) and then separated into a solid and a liquid. Thus, the liquid can be taken out as recycled water and the solid can be taken out as a residue. Residues can be reused or regenerated.

The waste liquid charged into the reaction tank 39 is subjected to a chemical reaction such as oxidation, reduction, pH adjustment, etc. in the reaction tank 39 so that the content of the waste liquid becomes a precipitate (solid). Using the reduced pressure in the 10 treatment tanks 12, it is pumped to the vacuum dryer 10.
In the vacuum dryer 10, the processed product is dried, and the water contained in the processed product is vaporized, discharged from the vacuum dryer 10 and transferred to the treated water tank 40, and during this time, liquefied in the heat exchanger 37. Is done. Moreover, the residue after the drying process remaining in the vacuum dryer 10 is taken out and subjected to regeneration / reuse.

  As the reaction tank 39, a pressurized reaction tank 39 may be employed. The pressurization type reaction tank 39 causes the reaction in the transfer pipe by adding chemicals in a pressurized atmosphere in the transfer pipe that pumps the waste liquid in the reaction tank 39 to the vacuum dryer 10 by the pump 38. In a pressurized atmosphere, the reaction rate is increased similarly to a chemical reaction at a high temperature, so that the reaction can be performed in a short time while realizing space saving.

Next, the system configuration of the vacuum dryer 10, the heating system 35, and the cooling system 36 will be described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 17, the jacket 13a / 14a formed in the treatment tank 12 of the vacuum dryer 10 has a transfer pipe 70 for supplying a heating medium from the heating system 35 and a used heating medium returned to the heating system 35. The heat transfer medium 71 is connected to the heat transfer medium 71, and the heat medium whose temperature is adjusted by the heating system 35 is supplied into the jackets 13 a and 14 a of the treatment tank 12. It is returned to the heating system 35 again and heated.

A transfer pipe for transferring the waste liquid from the reaction tank 39 to the vacuum dryer 10 is connected to the supply port 12a provided in the treatment tank 12 of the vacuum dryer 10, and a waste liquid supply valve 47 is connected to the transfer pipe. Is provided. The waste liquid supply valve 47 is opened and closed under the control of the control device 110 described later.
The discharge port 12b formed in the treatment tank 12 of the vacuum dryer 10 is provided with an open / close type discharge valve 12h. The discharge valve 12h opens and closes under the control of the control device 110, and the treatment tank The residue in 12 is discharged | emitted from the discharge port 12b.

A suction pipe 23 is connected to an exhaust port 12 c provided in the treatment tank 12 of the vacuum dryer 10 through a filter unit 22, and a plate heat exchanger 37 is connected to the suction pipe 23. .
The suction pipe 23 is provided with a relief valve 46. The relief valve 46 is opened and closed under the control of the control device 110.
Further, the suction pipe 23 is provided with a nozzle 45 for supplying cleaning water for cleaning the filter unit 22, and the cleaning water is sprayed from the nozzle 45 toward the filter unit 22.

The heat exchanger 37 is fed with exhaust gas from the treatment tank 12 of the vacuum dryer 10 through the suction pipe 23, and is cooled and liquefied in the heat exchanger 37.
Further, a transfer pipe 72 is connected to the heat exchanger 37, and the exhaust of the processing tank 12 liquefied in the heat exchanger 37 is sent to the separation tank 53 through the transfer pipe 72. Further, the liquefied exhaust gas is sent from the separation tank 53 to the treated water tank 40 through the drain port 55 by the drain pump 54.

Instead of providing the motor type vacuum pump 56 for discharging the gas from the processing tank 12, a water ejector type vacuum pump 56 can be provided as shown in FIG.
In this case, a vacuum pump 56 is connected to the separation tank 53. Therefore, the inside of the processing tank 12, the suction pipe 23, and the transfer pipe 72 of the vacuum dryer 10 is sucked by the vacuum pump 56 to form a reduced pressure atmosphere. By this vacuum pump 56, steam generated from the processed material in the processing tank 12 is exhausted from the intake port 12 c, liquefied by the heat exchanger 37, and then sent to the separation tank 53.

Further, the cooling water of the heat exchanger 37 can be circulated using the flowing water route of the water ejector type vacuum pump 56.
As shown in FIG. 18, in the heat exchanger 37, the steam generated from the processed material is cooled by the refrigerant supplied from the cooling system 36. In the cooling system 36, a refrigerant circulation circuit 73 including a cooling tower 50 and a pump 52 is configured.
The refrigerant circulation circuit 73 is connected to a suction water circulation circuit 74 used for the water ejector type vacuum pump 56. The suction water circulation circuit 74 is provided with a vacuum pump 56 and a ring water pump 58, and the coolant circulates through the suction water circulation circuit 74 by the ring water pump 58. The vacuum pump 56 performs vacuum suction using the refrigerant flow.

[Automatic control of waste liquid treatment system]
Next, the control configuration of the waste liquid treatment system will be described.
As shown in FIG. 19, the waste liquid supply valve 47 is provided with a supply valve opening / closing drive means 47a, the relief valve 46 is provided with a relief valve opening / closing drive means 46a, and the discharge valve 12h is provided with a discharge valve opening / closing drive means 15a. Each open / close drive means is an air cylinder in this embodiment.
The supply valve opening / closing driving means 47a, the relief valve opening / closing driving means 46a, and the discharge valve opening / closing driving means 15a are connected to the control device 110 and operate under the control of the control device 110.
The control device 110 is connected to a concentration sensor 111 that detects the concentration of residue of waste liquid supplied to the vacuum dryer 10.
Further, the control device 110 is connected to a vacuum pump 56 and a motor 16 as a stirring blade driving means, which operate under the control of the control device 110.

The operation of the waste liquid treatment system includes a manual operation type in which an operator operates to input a processed material into the vacuum dryer 10 and a discharge of a residue, and an automatic operation type in which these operations are controlled by the control device 110. can do.
When the vacuum dryer 10 is automatically operated, the waste liquid supply valve 47 is periodically opened and closed, and when the amount of residue in the treatment tank 12 reaches a predetermined amount, the discharge valve 12h is opened to discharge the residue. To be controlled.

  As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 20, first, when the concentration of the residue of the waste liquid supplied to the vacuum dryer 10 detected by the concentration sensor 111 is acquired by the control device 110 (S20), the waste liquid is based on this. The set opening / closing frequency N of the supply valve 47 is calculated (S21).

  The residue concentration is the amount of residue obtained from a predetermined unit amount of waste liquid. Further, it is assumed that the amount of waste liquid flowing into the treatment tank 12 by opening the waste liquid supply valve 47 once is substantially constant by the vacuum dryer 10. Therefore, the waste liquid supply valve 47 is opened / closed for the set number of opening / closing times N, and the waste liquid flowing into the treatment tank 12 during this time is dried in the vacuum dryer 10 to obtain a predetermined amount of residue at discharge. become. In the present embodiment, about one third of the internal volume of the treatment tank 12 is defined as the amount of residue at the time of discharge. The amount of residue at the time of discharge, the concentration of the residue, and the opening of the waste liquid supply valve 47 once open the treatment tank 12. The set opening / closing frequency N is calculated based on the amount of waste liquid flowing in.

Subsequently, in the control device 110, a control signal is transmitted to the vacuum pump 56 so as to start forced exhaust in the processing tank 12 (S22). Then, after the opening / closing frequency is reset to zero (S23), a control signal is transmitted to the supply valve opening / closing drive means 47a so as to perform a series of opening / closing operations of the waste liquid supply valve 47 (S24).
When the waste liquid supply valve 47 performs a series of opening and closing operations, one time of waste liquid flows into the processing tank 12, drying processing in the processing tank 12 is started, and time measurement is started (S25).
The control unit is input with a drying process unit time t which is a time required for one drying process obtained in advance as a test, and if the drying process unit time t has elapsed from the start of the drying process (S26). It is determined that one drying process has been completed, the time measurement is completed, and the process proceeds to conditional branch S27.

  In the conditional branch S27, it is determined whether or not the opening / closing number n of the waste liquid supply valve 47 related to the current drying process is the set opening / closing number N, and if it is less than the set opening / closing number N, the opening / closing number n is increased by one ( S <b> 34), the process proceeds to the next opening / closing operation of the waste liquid supply valve 47. In the conditional branch S27, if the open / close count n of the waste liquid supply valve 47 related to the current drying process is the preset open / close count N, discharging of the residue is started.

  If the discharge of the residue is started, the control device 110 transmits a control signal to the vacuum pump 56 so as to stop the forced exhaust of the processing tank 12 (S28), and the relief valve 46 is opened to keep the processing tank 12 in a normal state. In order to obtain a pressure, a control signal is transmitted to the relief valve opening / closing drive means 46a (S29).

Then, the discharge valve 12h is opened, and a control signal is transmitted to the discharge valve opening / closing drive means 15a and the motor 16 so as to rotationally drive the stirring blade 21 in the direction in which the residue is pushed out toward the discharge port 12b (S30). -S31).
When the discharge of the residue is completed, the control device 110 transmits a control signal to the discharge valve opening / closing drive means 15a and the relief valve opening / closing drive means 46a so as to close the discharge valve 12h and the relief valve 46 (S32 / S33). The series of drying processes ends.

  In addition, instead of measuring the drying processing unit time t, a sensor for detecting the moisture concentration in the processing tank 12 is provided, and the end of one drying process is determined based on a signal from the sensor. You can also

Here, a second embodiment according to the vacuum dryer will be described.
FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing the structure of a vacuum dryer according to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 22 is a front view showing the vacuum dryer, and FIG. 23 is a rear view showing the vacuum dryer.

As shown in FIGS. 21 to 23, the vacuum dryer 120 according to the present embodiment is a vacuum dryer for drying food containing moisture such as okara.
In the reduced-pressure dryer 120, a drying process is performed in the processing tank 121 by heating the processed product under reduced pressure. The processing tank 121 is a cylindrical body extending in a substantially vertical direction, and a processing product inlet 122 is opened at the top, and a dried processing product outlet 124 is opened at the bottom. The discharge port 124 is provided with an openable / closable shutter 125, and the processed product after drying can be taken out from the discharge port 124 by opening and closing the shutter 125 under the control of the control device.
A stirring blade 123 is provided at the bottom of the processing tank 121. The stirring blade 123 is rotationally driven by a drive motor 128 disposed below the treatment tank 121, and the stirring blade 123 is rotationally driven during the drying process, thereby preventing the processed material from sticking to the inner wall of the treatment tank 121. Drying is promoted by encouraging positive contact of the processed material with the inner wall of the processing tank 121.

  Fluorine resin processing is applied to all the portions in contact with the processing object in the processing tank 121, such as the inside of the processing tank 121, the surface of the stirring blade 123, and the rotating shaft of the stirring blade 123. This prevents sticking of the processed material and the purpose of use of the reduced-pressure dryer 120 is to dry food. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the processing tank 121 for each drying process. This is because the deposits can be blown off with air, and water can be easily washed without rubbing off the deposits.

  A jacket 135 is formed on the outer periphery of the processing tank 121, and steam is introduced into the jacket 135 from the steam inlet 126, and steam in the jacket is discharged from the steam outlet 127. The wall of the treatment tank 121 is heated by the steam in the jacket 135, and the treatment object in contact with the inner wall of the treatment tank 121 is conductively heated.

And at the time of a drying process, the gas inside the said processing tank 121 is forcedly discharged | emitted intermittently outside, and the inside of the processing tank 121 is made into the pressure reduction state. Moisture evaporated from the processed material is discharged from an exhaust port 134 provided in the processing tank 121. The exhaust port 134 and the water separator 131 are connected by an exhaust pipe 136. The exhaust pipe 136 is provided with a heat exchanger 129, and the water passing through the exhaust pipe 136 is cooled so that the gas is liquid. The state changes to reach the water separator 131. The gas in the water separator 131 is forcibly discharged by the vacuum blower 132, and the water separator 131 is in a depressurized state, whereby the air in the processing tank 121 is forcibly discharged and the depressurized state is obtained. Is done.
A water tank 130 is connected to the water separator 131, and the liquid that has passed through the water separator 131 flows into the water tank 130. Therefore, the liquid that flows into and accumulates in the water tank 130 is water evaporated from the processed material in the processing tank 121.

  In the vacuum dryer 120 having the above-described configuration, the processed material introduced into the processing tank 121 through the inlet 122 is heated by the steam jacket 126 and in the atmosphere of the processing tank 121 decompressed by the vacuum blower 132. The stirring blade 123 is used for stirring. As a result, the moisture of the processed material evaporates, and the moisture is discharged to the outside of the treatment tank 121 through the exhaust port 134. The water discharged from the processing tank 121 is changed from a gas to a liquid by the heat exchanger 129 and stored in the water tank 130. In the water tank 130, when the water is accumulated up to a predetermined level, the drain pump 133 is driven and drained.

Here, a third embodiment according to the vacuum dryer will be described.
24 is a front view showing a vacuum dryer according to a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 25 is a plan view, FIG. 26 is a plan view showing an internal configuration of the vacuum dryer, and FIG. 27 is an internal view of the vacuum dryer. 28 is a left side view showing the configuration, FIG. 28 is a right side view showing the internal configuration of the vacuum dryer, FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the vacuum pump in the vacuum dryer, and FIG. 30 is a heating configuration of the heat medium by the heater. FIG.

  The vacuum dryer according to the third embodiment is a compact vacuum dryer integrated with a heating system of a processing tank, a vacuum pump, etc., and is mainly intended for use in general households, restaurants, etc. It is a thing. In such an integrated vacuum dryer, a stirring blade, a scattering prevention plate, a filter unit, and the like having the same functions as those provided in the vacuum dryer in the first embodiment can be provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 24 to 28, in the vacuum dryer 80, a box-shaped casing 81 is internally provided with a processing tank 85, an ejector 96, a heater 87, a motor 95, and the like. A protruding control portion 81a is formed, and the control portion 81a is provided with a heat medium supply door 83, an operation monitor 84, and the like. The lower surface of the casing 81 is provided with casters 91, 91.

The processing tank 85 has a cylindrical shape, and is provided with an input port 85d and an exhaust port 82c in the upper part thereof, one end of which is closed, and a discharge port 85a formed at the other end. . The discharge port 85a is opened toward one side of the vacuum dryer 80, and the discharge port 85a is closed by a discharge valve 90 that can be opened and closed.
And the connection part of the cylinder peripheral surface of the processing tank 85 and the obstruction | occlusion surface is made into a chamfering shape, the obstruction | occlusion surface is formed in spherical shape, and the inner wall of the treatment tank 85 is formed in a curved surface.

A jacket 85 b is formed on the circumferential surface of the processing tank 85. The jacket 85b is for storing a heat medium, and the treatment tank 85 is heated by the heat medium. The treatment tank 85 is a wall surface conduction heating type, and can efficiently conduct and heat the processed material put into the treatment tank 85 from the entire wall surface of the treatment tank 85.
In addition, as shown also in FIG. 30, the heater 87 is arrange | positioned in the state inserted in the lower part of the jacket 85b formed in the process tank 85, and a heating medium is heated by this heater 87. FIG.

An input port 85d provided in the upper portion of the processing tank 85 is opened toward the upper portion of the housing 81, and the input port 85d is provided with a supply valve 82 that can be opened and closed. The supply valve 82 is assumed to be opened and closed by a cylinder 93 as an actuator, and it is considered that both hands of the operator can be used for throwing in the workpiece when throwing in the workpiece. The supply valve 82 is provided with a viewing window 82a for viewing the inside of the processing tank 85.
The exhaust port 82c provided in the processing tank 85 is detachably attached with the filter 100 and the scattered matter return 101 arranged in layers, and a suction pipe 92 is connected to the exhaust port 82c. The suction pipe 92 is connected to an ejector 96.

  The processing tank 85 is provided with a rotating shaft 89 disposed in a substantially horizontal direction, and stirring blades 88, 88... Are fixed to the rotating shaft 89. The rotating shaft 89 is rotationally driven by a motor 95 disposed on the side of the processing tank 85, whereby the processing object in the processing tank 85 is heated and stirred by the rotating stirring blades 88, 88,.・ It is crushed.

  The stirring blades 88, 88... Are formed so that the gap between the inner wall of the processing tank 85 is as small as possible, and the heat conduction efficiency is reduced due to adhesion of the processed material to the inner wall of the processing tank 85. Try to prevent. Further, the stirring blade 88 located on the closed side of the processing tank 85 has a peripheral edge so that the shape of the plate forming the stirring blade 88 is along the rounded closed side of the processing tank 85. The part is formed in a curved shape and can be agitated without leaving the processed material on the closed side of the processing tank 85 formed by a circular curved surface.

The stirring blade 88 includes a leg portion 88a and a blade portion 88b, and the blade portion 88b is detachably screwed to the leg portion 88a fixed to the rotating shaft 89.
Further, the rotation shaft 89 is fixed in a state in which a plurality of plate-like members protrude radially from the periphery thereof, thereby forming the scattering prevention plate 102. Further, a scraper 103 that matches the shape of the inner part of the processing tank 12 is fixed to the rotary shaft 89 at a position located in the inner part of the processing tank 12 so that the processed object does not stick to the inner part of the processing tank 12. To be able to stir.

Further, the treatment tank 85 is provided with an ejector 96 as a vacuum pump for making the inside of the treatment tank 85 a reduced pressure atmosphere at the time of treatment, and a water tank 86 for storing suction water is disposed on the side of the treatment tank 85. Arranged.
As shown in FIG. 29, the suction water that has flowed from the water supply port 97 is stored in a water tank 86 provided with an automatic water supply valve 98. During operation of the vacuum dryer 80, the suction tank in the water tank 86 is pumped to the ejector 96 by the pump 94 disposed above the water tank 86 and returned to the water tank 86 again. The gas in 85 is taken in and sucked into the suction water, and the inside of the processing tank 85 is in a reduced pressure state.
The water tank 86 is provided with a bubble separation plate, and the gas in the treatment tank 85 taken into the suction water by the ejector 96 is separated by the bubble separation plate, and the pump 94 is supplied from the water tank 86. Air bubbles are prevented from being mixed in the suction water sucked up by the above.

In the above-described reduced-pressure dryer 80, first, the supply valve 82 is opened, the processed material is input from the input port 85d, the supply valve 82 is closed, and then the operation of the reduced-pressure dryer 80 is started. During operation, stirring and crushing of the processed material by rotation of the stirring blades 88, 88, etc., evacuation of the processing tank 85 by the ejector 96, and wall surface conduction heating of the processed material by inflow of the heat medium into the jacket 85b And the processed product is heated while being stirred in a reduced-pressure atmosphere and dried.
The dried processed product is discharged out of the processing tank 85 from the discharge port 85a of the processing tank 85 by opening the discharge valve 90 located on the side surface of the casing 81 of the vacuum dryer 80. At this time, the stirring blades 88, 88,... Are driven to rotate, and the processed material in the processing tank 85 is conveyed to the discharge port 85a side by the rotation of the stirring blades 88, 88,.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Vacuum dryer 12 Processing tank 12c Exhaust port 17 Scraper 18 Spattering prevention plate 19 Rotating shaft 20 Stirring blade 21 Rotating body 22 Filter unit 26 Filter 27 Scattered matter return 37 Heat exchanger

Claims (3)

In a vacuum dryer that heats a processed product while stirring it in a processing tank in a vacuum atmosphere by forced exhaust,
The stirring blade for stirring the processed product is composed of a leg portion fixed to the rotating shaft and a blade portion detachably provided on the leg portion.
Vacuum dryer. In a vacuum dryer that heats a processed product while stirring it in a processing tank in a vacuum atmosphere by forced exhaust,
A stirring blade capable of rotating around a rotation axis is provided in the processing tank, and a plate-like member protruding in a radial direction from the rotation shaft of the stirring blade is provided.
Vacuum dryer. In a vacuum dryer that heats a processed product while stirring it in a processing tank in a vacuum atmosphere by forced exhaust,
Stirring blade driving means for rotationally driving the stirring blade provided in the treatment tank;
Supply valve opening / closing drive means for opening / closing a supply valve provided at the supply port of the processed material into the treatment tank;
A discharge valve opening / closing drive means for opening / closing a discharge valve provided at the discharge port of the processed material from within the treatment tank;
A control means for controlling the operation of the supply valve opening / closing drive means, the discharge valve opening / closing drive means and the stirring blade drive means,
After repeating the opening and closing of the supply valve a predetermined number of times, the discharge valve is opened, and the stirring blade is rotationally driven so that the processed product moves to the discharge port side.
Vacuum dryer.

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