JP2012029588A - Method for growing sedum kamtschaticum - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for growing Sedum Kamtschaticum by which growth of weeds is prevented without trouble, and which is suitably utilized for mass production and prevents the weeds from growing even when the seeds of the weeds come by air.SOLUTION: The method for growing Sedum Kamtschaticum includes: partly cutting part of a covering material which covers culture soil or making holes in the covering material to secure implanting parts for Sedum Kamtschaticum; implanting Sedum Kamtschaticum seedlings in the implanting parts so as to perform greening; and embedding the space between the Sedum Kamtschaticum and the covering material at the implanting parts for the Sedum Kamtschaticum with hydrogel produced by kneading carboxymethylcellulose and an acid or acidic solution or soaking the carboxymethylcellulose in the acid or the acidic solution.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for growing giraffes in rooftop greening, wall planting, slope planting, landscaping, or the like, and more specifically to a method for growing giraffes that inhibits the growth of weeds by hydrogel during planting of giraffes.

Generally, the following effects are considered for rooftop greening and wall greening.
1) Improvement of urban environment: Mitigation of heat island phenomenon and air purification 2) Protection of buildings: Prevention of deterioration due to ultraviolet rays and acid rain 3) Energy saving: Improvement of thermal insulation performance of buildings especially in summer 4) Creation of amenity: Improving physiological and psychological comfort by improving the landscape “Garden type”, which is a traditional method of rooftop greening, has a long history, and it is a certain method for construction and maintenance management based on many advanced ideas and experiences. Is established.

  In the thin layer type where the soil is thin, the varieties of plants used are limited to ground cover such as sedums and turf, but in the garden type where the soil is thick, it is possible to select many kinds of plants.

  Thin-layer rooftop greening began in earnest in 1996 with the introduction of greening technology using Sedum from Germany, a country with advanced rooftop greening. Since then, the improvement of the urban environment has been recognized, and the construction area has been steadily increasing due to administrative measures. As a result, more than 80% of the current annual construction area is thin-type rooftop greening, and the majority of them are greening mainly of sedum.

Table 1 shows the comparative situation of superiority and inferiority of the feature points for the “garden type” and “thin layer type” greening methods.
According to this, the “thin layer type” is slightly lower than the “garden type” in terms of aesthetics, but is overwhelmingly superior in terms of irrigation dependency and cost.
In the “thin layer type”, sedum is overwhelmingly superior to turf.

ところが、セダムによる屋上緑化は、軽量であり、次に記載のようなメリットがある反面、従来から緑化に使用されている芝や苔類と同様に、屋上に土を運搬した後に苗床を作って苗植えを行うため、次のようなデメリットがあり、必ずしも緑化がうまくいっているとはいえない状況であった。
〔メリット〕
１）断熱効一乗で建物への熱負荷を減らす。
２）微気象を改善する。
３）音を吸収して、騒音を低減させる。
４）ほこりを吸着して空気を清浄にする
５）近接部への照り返しを小さくする。
６）直射日光から守り防水層の寿命を延ばす。
７）動植物に新たな生息地を与える。
〔デメリット〕
１）屋上に土の負荷が掛かり、屋上床の劣化が早まる。
２）自然現象により土が飛散するとともに、苗床の破損が早まる。
３）風で運搬されてくる雑草の種子が苗床で成育し、苗の成育さらに苗の生長を阻害する。
４）土の運搬と苗の運搬が別々になり、作業工程に無駄がでる。
５）スレート屋根のような構造の屋根では、緑化ができない。

However, rooftop greening by Sedum is lightweight and has the following merits, but, like turf and moss that have been used for conventional greening, a nursery is made after transporting soil to the rooftop. Planting seedlings had the following disadvantages, and the greening was not necessarily successful.
〔merit〕
1) Reduce the heat load on the building by the first power of insulation.
2) Improve the microclimate.
3) Absorb sound and reduce noise.
4) Adsorb dust to clean the air. 5) Reduce reflection to the proximity.
6) Protect from direct sunlight and extend the life of the waterproof layer.
7) Provide new habitats for animals and plants.
〔Demerit〕
1) A load of soil is applied to the roof, and the deterioration of the roof is accelerated.
2) Soil is scattered due to natural phenomena, and nursery beds are damaged quickly.
3) Weed seeds carried by the wind grow on the nursery, and the growth of the seedling and further the growth of the seedling are inhibited.
4) The transportation of soil and the transportation of seedlings are separated, and the work process is wasted.
5) A roof with a structure like a slate roof cannot be greened.

Therefore, Fujita Co., Ltd., the applicant of the present invention, focused on giraffes native to Japan since ancient times, regardless of Sedum, and tried to improve the varieties of evergreen deciduous species to evergreen species. In addition to giraffe (Non-Patent Document 1), the construction method is also light weight by shipping the bag-shaped packs with evergreen giraffe seedlings planted, and arranging the bag-shaped packs locally, and I found a simple way to complete greening.
As a result, the above-mentioned [demerits] 1), 2), 4) and 5) of rooftop greening by Sedum can be solved.

Here, Table 2 shows the evaluation results on the suitability for rooftop greening of typical plants used for rooftop greening.
The plants to be compared are the evergreen giraffes used in the present invention, Mexican manengusa as a representative of sedum, turf and moss conventionally used for greening.
Evergreen giraffes are negatively rated against moss and Mexican munengusa in terms of negative tolerance (indoors) and growth rate, but overwhelmingly superior in other evaluation items and must be very suitable for rooftop greening I understand.

しかしながら、袋状のパックにキリンソウを植え付け、サンプル試験として自社で育成したところ、空気中から飛来する雑草の種子により、多くのキリンソウの苗の成育が阻害され、緑化が必ずしもうまくいかないことが判った。

However, when giraffe was planted in a bag-like pack and grown in-house as a sample test, it was found that the growth of many giraffe seedlings was hindered by weed seeds flying from the air, and greening was not always successful.

As a countermeasure, the giraffe planting part of the bag-shaped pack is partially cut to plant giraffe seedlings, and then the giraffe seedling planting part is covered with a circular lid to prevent weed seeds from flying. did. According to this method, it was confirmed that weeds did not grow even if weed seeds came in, but it took a lot of time to manufacture the lid, attach the lid, etc., and it was not suitable for mass production. there were.

JP 2008-069315 A JP 2003-325036 A

http://www.kirinsou.com/ “Even green giraffe. http://www.kirinsou.com/category/1357341.html “Evergreen Kirin Sou bag method / FTM bag / Green dream bag project”

  In view of the problems of the background art, the present invention partially cuts the giraffe planting part of the bag-shaped pack to plant giraffe seedlings, and then, as a growth prevention of weeds, does not require labor, It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for growing giraffe which is suitable for production and does not grow weeds even if weed seeds come in.

  Giraffe is a plant that is strong in acidity, and weeds are generally weak in acidity. Therefore, it is not necessary to prevent the growth of weeds, and an acidic hydrogel is used as an alternative to lids suitable for mass production. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for growing giraffe that grows but does not grow weeds.

  A first aspect of the present invention is a method for growing a giraffe, in which a part of the covering material covering the culture soil is partially cut or drilled to secure a planting part of the giraffe, and a ginkgo seedling is planted in the planted part for greening. In the method for growing giraffe, hydrogel is laid in the gap between the giraffe and the covering material in the giraffe planting part after the giraffe seedling is implanted.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the first aspect, the giraffe is an evergreen giraffe.

  According to a third invention of the present invention, in addition to the first or second invention, the hydrogel is added to carboxymethylcellulose (hereinafter referred to as CMC) with an acid or an acid aqueous solution and kneaded, or A method for growing giraffe characterized by being a hydrogel produced by dissolving CMC in water and immersing it in an acid or an aqueous acid solution.

By implementing the present invention, the following effects can be realized.
In terms of [greening] according to the present invention,
(1) Weed growth can be inhibited by laying an acidic hydrogel in the gap between the giraffe and the culture soil coating material in the giraffe plantation.
(2) Since giraffe is an evergreen giraffe, there is no weed, and evergreen can be realized all year round.
(3) Hydrogel is mainly composed of CMC made from natural pulp, and acid or aqueous acid solution uses acid that is not harmful to human body such as acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid or phosphoric acid. It is possible to realize a method for growing giraffe which has good degradability and is highly safe to human body.
(4) Since hydrogel is moisturizing, it has a function of adjusting moisture or humidity to giraffe culture soil and can prevent extreme drying.
(5) Furthermore, evergreen giraffe is a plant that is very strong against flames. When it hits a flame, the evergreen giraffe is only carbonized and does not ignite, and is a flameproof plant. However, when weeds are mixed, the weeds reduce the flameproofing properties. However, by applying the present invention, weed growth is prevented and the evergreen giraffes have the inherent flameproofing properties. This is suitable for wall greening and the like.
In the [production aspect] of the present invention,
(6) Since the hydrogel laid in the gap between the giraffe and the covering material of the culture soil is naturally a gel (liquid), no special device is required for laying.
By appropriately selecting a grease filling pump, a spray gun for spraying mortar, or laying hydrogel with a brush, etc., it is possible to realize a method for growing giraffe which is suitable for mass production without requiring labor.
(7) Furthermore, since a special device is unnecessary as described above, (a) plant giraffe in a bag-shaped pack and manufacture it in a state where hydrogel is laid, and supply it to the planting site, Or (b) It becomes possible to select freely about the construction methods, such as performing all the planting of giraffe and laying of a hydrogel in a planting construction site, according to the situation of the planting site.
(8) As an application of the present invention, since a hydrogel is used, it is a constraint that a plant resistant to acidity becomes a target for greening, but a multi-sheet (covering material) in a general field and the hydro of the present invention By applying the method for growing giraffes with gel, vegetable cultivation without weeds can be realized.

It is a figure which shows one Example of the growing method of the giraffe of this invention. It is a figure which shows sectional drawing of the other Example of the growing method of the giraffe of this invention. It is a figure which shows the growth test result of the evergreen giraffe by the method for growing giraffe of the present invention.

  The method for growing giraffes according to the present invention is to grow giraffes by securing a planting part of giraffe by partially cutting or drilling a part of the covering material covering the culture soil, and planting giraffe seedlings in the planting part, and performing greening A method for growing giraffe, wherein hydrogel is laid in a gap between the giraffe and the covering material in the giraffe planting part after planting the giraffe seedling.

Kirin Sou is a native plant that grows naturally on mountainous areas and coastal dry rocks in Japan. Its characteristics are that it is extremely resistant to dryness and heat, and is extremely resistant to moisture and cold. is there.
In general, giraffe is misunderstood as a kind of sedum, but according to the “Illustrated handbook of succulend plants manual (Germany)”, it is the scientific name “Giraffa giraffe genus giraffe”, a plant that is completely different from sedum. It is.

  However, the native giraffe is a deciduous species, and when the native giraffe is used for greening, the functions of greening in autumn and winter cannot be performed.

Therefore, in order to keep the planting green throughout the year, so-called evergreen, in the sense of imparting evergreenity, Fujita Co., Ltd., the applicant of the present invention, has developed an evergreen giraffe that has been improved from Kirinso (Toturi Fujita No. 1 / Seedling Registration No. 15866, Totrefujita No. 2 and Seedling Registration No. 15867) are preferred.
In particular, this evergreen giraffe is a perennial plant that is easily converted into wood and is a very strong plant, and is suitable for realizing perennial greening.

  In addition, this evergreen giraffe has a function of causing shoots to sprout around September and extending a considerable leaf in the spring to inhibit general plants from sprout.

  Cultivated soil has soil characteristics, that is, water retention, fertilization, breathability, drainage, acidity (alkalinity), organic matter content and cleanliness (dangerous substances, pathogens, etc.) according to the plant to be planted. However, the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be general field soil or the like.

The covering material has a function of preventing the cultured soil from scattering due to natural phenomena such as wind and rain, and further preventing the seeds of weeds carried by the wind from adhering to the cultured soil and growing. The material is not particularly limited as long as it is present, but is desirably a biodegradable material.
Specifically, it can be appropriately selected depending on the situation of the greening site, such as the bag type (zabuton type, cylindrical type) described in Non-Patent Document 2, or a multi-sheet used in a general field.

Hydrogel has a function to prevent weeds from growing even if weed seeds come in, a function to adjust moisture or humidity to the culture soil, prevent extreme drying, and a function to have safety for greening workers. Required.
Therefore, Patent Document 1: Carboxymethylcellulose gel (hereinafter referred to as CMC gel) described in JP-A-2008-069315 is used.

This CMC gel is kneaded by adding a highly safe acid or aqueous acid solution approved by the field of food, medicine, etc. to a highly safe carboxymethylcellulose alkali salt (other name for CMC) made from natural pulp. Or by dissolving CMC in water to form a paste, and then immersing the paste CMC in an acid or an aqueous acid solution.
CMC includes CMC 1190, 1350, 1380, etc. manufactured by Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., PN20L, PN50C, B3B, etc. manufactured by Nippon Paper Chemical Co., Ltd., but are not limited to this CMC, including those manufactured by other companies, It is used by appropriately selecting based on conditions such as viscosity and substitution degree (etherification degree).
Any acid can be used as the acid or acid aqueous solution, such as citric acid, lactic acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, formic acid, maleic acid, oxalic acid, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid. In consideration, citric acid, lactic acid, phosphoric acid and acetic acid are preferable.

  As described in Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2, with regard to securing a giraffe planting part by partially cutting or drilling a part of the covering material covering the culture soil, it is possible to use a fastener method that is sewn into the covering material in advance. It can also be implemented.

  For laying the hydrogel in the gap between the giraffe and the covering material of the giraffe planted part, (1) the hydrogel is completely filled, (2) the hydrogel is sparse and there is a gap, 3) There is a gap between the evergreen giraffe and the hydrogel, and (4) the hydrogel has entered the underside of the coating material. is there.

An embodiment of the method for growing giraffe according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIGS. 1 a) and b) are diagrams in which the method for growing giraffe of the present invention is applied to the bag-type (zabu-ton-type) sandbag method described in Non-Patent Document 2. FIG.
In a state where 500 cm × 500 mm rectangular sandbag 2 is filled with culture soil 3 and sealed, an evergreen giraffe 1 planting part (not shown) of sandbag 2 is cut into eight places in this figure, The evergreen giraffe 1 was planted in the cut portion, a total of 8 evergreen giraffes 1 were planted, and the hydrogel 4 was filled between the cut portion and the evergreen giraffe 1.
The hydrogel 4 was filled so that the gap between the cut portion and the evergreen giraffe 1 was completely covered with the brush.

FIG. 1 c) is a diagram in which the method for growing giraffe of the present invention is applied to the bag type (tubular) sandbag method described in Non-Patent Document 2.
In a state where a rectangular sandbag 2 of 100 mm × 1000 mm is filled with culture soil 3 and sealed, an evergreen giraffe 1 planting part (not shown) of sandbag 2 is cut into three places in this figure, An evergreen giraffe 1 was planted in each of the cuts, a total of three evergreen giraffes 1 were planted, and the hydrogel 4 was filled between the cuts and the evergreen giraffe 1.
The hydrogel 4 was filled so that the gap between the cut portion and the evergreen giraffe 1 was completely covered with the brush.

  The actual tree planting work involves manufacturing and shipping bag-type (zabu-ton-type) sandbag bags according to Fig. 1a) and b), or bag-type (tubular-type) sandbag bags according to Fig. 1c) at manufacturing factories, schoolyards and parks. Afforestation work will be completed by laying these bag-type sandbag bags in wide area greening areas such as factory vacant areas, wide area greening areas on building roofs, or greening areas such as building walls. Construction can be completed in a short time.

FIG. 2 shows an application example of a method for growing giraffes for wide-area greening. In order to cover a vast area, it is premised on greening on site, but this is a method of using the multi-sheet 2 instead of the sandbag 2 described above.
The culture soil 3 (in this case, the local soil is used as it is) is covered with the multi-sheet 2.
Thereafter, the evergreen giraffe 1 is planted at predetermined intervals, and the evergreen giraffe 1 is planted in each cut. After completion of the implantation, the gap between the cut portion and the evergreen giraffe 1 is covered with the CMC gel by a grease filling pump (portable type) containing the CMC gel.
The local construction work by this method is more time-consuming than the bag type (cushion type) and bag type (cylinder type) sandbag bag methods shown in Fig. 1, but only the evergreen giraffe is shipped from the manufacturing plant. Since it is good, transportation cost can be reduced.

  A compatibility confirmation test was conducted to determine whether the growth of evergreen giraffe, a plant used in the present invention, was inhibited by the CMC gel.

The CMC gel to be used was produced by the method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-069315 of Patent Document 1, but the acid used for the gelation was used without being removed.
Gels 1 to 4 were produced as samples for the compatibility test, and Table 3 shows the types of CMC and acid used and the status of the CMC gel.

また、ＣＭＣの置換度（エーテル化度）のゲル化に対する影響を同時に確認する為に、ダイセル化学工業株式会社製ＣＭＣの置換度が異なる２種類、ＣＭＣ１１９０、１３５０を使用した。

Moreover, in order to confirm simultaneously the influence with respect to the gelatinization of the substitution degree (etherification degree) of CMC, two types with different substitution degrees of CMC made from Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd., CMC 1190 and 1350 were used.

Considering that the acid should be used without being removed after the CMC gel is produced, highly safe citric acid that is not harmful to the human body was used.
Although the acidity of the CMC gel varied, the pH at the time of gel preparation was 1-2, and the pH after the gel was formed was a strong acid in the range of 2-3.

The evergreen giraffe planting state for the compatibility confirmation test is shown in FIG.
Specifically, two days after planting an evergreen giraffe, the gel 1, gel 2, gel 3 and gel 4 are placed in the range of 5 cm around the evergreen giraffe. The growth state of the evergreen giraffe was confirmed by constructing it on the surface of the cultured soil (amount of gel, approximately 25 g per site).

FIG. 3b) is a photograph showing the state after 7 weeks after planting of evergreen giraffe.
As shown by the white circles (broken lines) in the figure, evergreen giraffe shoots were confirmed. Although the growth state was visually, there was no difference from the evergreen giraffe in a state where a normal gel was not used, and it was confirmed that it was growing, and it was also confirmed that there was no growth of weeds.

  Furthermore, at the same time as the above test, a pot without an evergreen giraffe seedling and a CMC gel treatment was placed in the center, and changes in the state of nothing were confirmed, but no weed growth was observed. .

  As for the confirmation of weed vegetation, the growth of weeds was observed in pots without evergreen seedlings in the center and without treatment with CMC gel as a result of long-term follow-up for 1.5 years after the confirmation. However, no weed growth was observed in the gel 1 to gel 4 pots.

  As a result, it was confirmed that the compatibility between the evergreen giraffe and the CMC gel was good, and the treatment of the evergreen giraffe with the CMC gel was very effective in inhibiting the growth of weeds.

  Since the CMC gel uses an incomplete gel in which CMC gel and acid are mixed, the acid retained in the CMC gel and the acid mixed in the CMC gel are eluted into the culture soil, and the surface of the culture soil and the culture soil In order to inhibit the growth of weeds from both sides, it is considered that the long-term effect of 1.5 years could be sustained.

In addition, the citric acid is described as an example of the acid, but it is used for gelling CMC and maintaining an appropriate acidity (pH 2 to 3), and considering that it does not adversely affect the human body,
Any of citric acid, lactic acid, phosphoric acid, and acetic acid can be applied.

  A test was conducted to confirm whether the CMC gel used in the present invention was effective in inhibiting the growth of weeds when used alone.

The CMC gel used for the confirmation test is CMC1350, CMC1380, CMC1190, or a solution in which only CMC is dissolved in water (not a gel), and no gel (as a culture soil).
In addition, considering the compatibility with CMC gel or the variation depending on the type of weed, four types of weeds were selected: Inhibibies, Enocologosa, Ohishiba and Hibariba.

  Prepare a bowl in which the above-mentioned 6 types of CMC gels are coated with culture soil for each type, and test NO. 1 to 6, and 10 of the weeds were planted on these pots, and weed germination was confirmed. Table 4 shows the results of the confirmation test on the 27th day after sowing of the weeds.

試験ＮＯ．１〜４は、本発明のＣＭＣゲルを培養土の上に塗布し、その上に、雑草を播種した鉢であるが、いずれの雑草も発芽しなかった。この表で、分母は雑草の播種数、分子は雑草の発芽数を表している。
一方、試験ＮＯ．５のＣＭＣを水で溶いたもの（ゲルでなく、酸性でもない）、試験ＮＯ．６のＣＭＣゲルなしのもの（培養土のまま）については、雑草の発芽が確認された。
この結果から、酸によって製造したＣＭＣゲルは、いずれの濃度の酸でも、雑草の生育阻止に効果があることがわかった。

Test NO. 1-4 are pots in which the CMC gel of the present invention was applied on the culture soil and seeded with weeds, but none of the weeds germinated. In this table, the denominator represents the number of weed seeds and the numerator represents the number of weed germination.
On the other hand, test NO. No. 5 CMC dissolved in water (not gel or acidic), test no. In the case of 6 without the CMC gel (as cultured soil), weed germination was confirmed.
From this result, it was found that the CMC gel produced with acid is effective in inhibiting weed growth at any concentration of acid.

1 giraffe (evergreen giraffe)
2 Covering material (sandbag, multi-sheet)
3 Culture soil 4 Hydrogel

Claims (3)

  A method for growing a giraffe, wherein a part of the covering material covering the culture soil is partially cut or drilled to secure a giraffe planting part, and a giraffe seedling is planted in the planted part to plant the giraffe. After planting, hydrogel is laid in the gap between the giraffe and the covering material in the giraffe planting part.   The method according to claim 1, wherein the giraffe is evergreen giraffe.   The hydrogel is a hydrogel produced by adding an acid or an aqueous acid solution to carboxymethylcellulose and kneading, or dissolving carboxymethylcellulose in water and immersing it in an acid or aqueous acid solution. The method for growing giraffes according to claim 1 or claim 2.

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