JP2012020945A - 胆汁酸分泌促進剤 - Google Patents
胆汁酸分泌促進剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012020945A JP2012020945A JP2010158361A JP2010158361A JP2012020945A JP 2012020945 A JP2012020945 A JP 2012020945A JP 2010158361 A JP2010158361 A JP 2010158361A JP 2010158361 A JP2010158361 A JP 2010158361A JP 2012020945 A JP2012020945 A JP 2012020945A
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- bile
- bile acid
- acid secretion
- secretion
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Abstract
【解決手段】胆汁酸分泌促進剤の有効成分として、イリドイド骨格を有する化合物、具体的にはオイコミオール、1-デオキシオイコミオール、エピオイコミオール、アスペルロシド、アスペルロシド酸、デアセチルアスペルロシド酸、スキャンデシド 10-O-アセテート、ゲニポシド酸、オークビン、オイコミシドA、オイコミシドB、及びオイコミシドCからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を用いる。
【選択図】なし
Description
(I-1)イリドイド骨格を有する化合物を有効成分とする胆汁酸分泌促進剤。
(I-2)オイコミオール、1-デオキシオイコミオール、エピオイコミオール、アスペルロシド、アスペルロシド酸、デアセチルアスペルロシド酸、スキャンデシド 10-O-アセテート、ゲニポシド酸、オークビン、オイコミシドA、オイコミシドB、及びオイコミシドCからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を有効成分として含有する胆汁酸分泌促進剤。
(II-1)(I-1)または(I-2)のいずれかに記載する胆汁酸分泌促進剤、及び薬学的に許容される担体または添加剤を含有する薬学的組成物。
(II-2)胆汁酸分泌促進するために用いられる(II-1)記載の薬学的組成物。
(II-3)免疫賦活するために用いられる(II-1)記載の薬学的組成物。
本発明の胆汁酸分泌促進剤は、イリドイド骨格を有する化合物(以下、これらの化合物を総称して「イリドイド化合物」という)を有効成分とすることを特徴とする。
杜仲葉乾燥物は、好ましくは杜仲葉を乾燥させる工程を経ることにより得ることができる。ここで乾燥は天日乾燥、遠赤外線照射、乾燥機(熱風乾燥、冷風乾燥、真空凍結乾燥)等の従来公知の方法に従って行うことができる。斯くして得られる杜仲葉乾燥物中の水分量は、制限されないが、通常12重量%以下であり、好ましくは8重量%以下、より好ましくは5重量%以下である。
杜仲葉抽出物は、例えば、杜仲葉をそのまま若しくは乾燥し、さらに必要に応じてこれらを裁断若しくは粉砕した後、慣用の抽出方法(溶媒抽出、超臨界抽出など)に従って調製することができる。
本発明の薬学的組成物は、上記本発明の胆汁酸分泌促進剤を有効成分とし、胆汁酸の分泌を促進すること若しくは胆汁酸の分泌量を増加することを、直接または間接的な目的として用いられるものである。当該目的には、胆汁酸の分泌を促進するか胆汁酸の分泌量を増加させることによって免疫機能を亢進若しくは賦活化すること等、TGR5が関与する病態や疾患の予防、治療及び/又は改善することも含まれる。
ラットに、各被験物(アスペルロシド(ASP)、ゲニポシド酸(GEA)、杜仲葉抽出物(ELE)、アネトールトリチオン(AT))を強制経口投与させて、胆汁酸分泌に及ぼす影響を調べた。
(1-1)杜仲葉抽出物(ELE)の調製
(1-1-1)杜仲葉乾燥物の製造
杜仲葉乾燥物の製造は、特開平8−173110号公報の実施例2の記載に準じて行った。杜仲の生葉5kgを、日本茶製造用の送帯蒸機(宮村鉄工株式会社製の給葉機(地上型1500)およびネットコンベア(送帯式1000))により110℃で90秒間蒸熱した。具体的には、生葉を送帯蒸機の投入口から機内に投入し、コンベヤ上を移動する間に上下スチーム供給装置からスチームを当て、110℃で90秒間蒸熱した。次にこの蒸熱後の杜仲葉を、揉捻機を用いて30分間揉捻した後、得られた揉捻物を乾燥機を用いて80℃で水分量を5%以下に乾燥させた(以下、これを「杜仲葉乾燥物」という)。
上記(1-1-1)の製造方法に従って調製した杜仲葉乾燥物を、炒葉機(IR−10SP型:寺田製作所)を用いて110℃で30分間焙煎し、焙煎杜仲葉乾燥物を得た。このうち1kgを90℃の熱水15kgに投入し、90℃で30分間抽出し、抽出物14kgを得た。その後、これを150メッシュのフィルターを用いて濾過し、濾液を5℃に冷却し一晩放置した。上澄み液を取り出し、減圧下50℃で濾液を濃縮し、1kgの濃縮液を得た。得られた濃縮液を、遠心分離器(クボタ株式会社製、KS8000)で回転速度1800rpmで遠心分離して沈殿物を除去し、得られた上澄み液を加熱殺菌(85℃、2時間)し、杜仲葉水抽出液を得た。これをスプレードライ法により乾燥し、杜仲葉抽出物(ELE)(300g)を得た。当該杜仲葉抽出物(ELE)1000mg中には、アスペルロシド20mg、ゲニポシド酸55mg、アスペルロシド酸0.5mg、デアセチルアスペルロシド酸0.3mg、スキャンデシド10−O−アセテート0.2mg、オークビン68mg、オイコミシA0.01mg、オイコミシB0.05mg、オイコミシC0.02mg含有されていた。
上記(1-1-1)の製造方法に従って調製した杜仲葉乾燥物を微粉砕化し、杜仲葉粉末とした。これを水に溶解し、これをDiaion HP20(三菱化学株式会社製)を充填したカラムに注入した。次いで、これに溶出液として水を注入して、水により溶出される成分を除去した。その後、30容積%メタノール水溶液を注入し、溶出画分を得たのち、これを濃縮し固形物にした。これをメタノール水溶液(メタノール:水=1:2(容積比))に溶解し、ODSカラム(充填剤:YMC S-15/30 120A ODS)に導入した。かかるカラムに移動層としてメタノール水溶液(メタノール:水=1:2(容積比))を流速500mL/分で送液し、UV215nmでの吸光度を指標にしながらピーク分画した。得られた分画物はメタノールを減圧留去し、粗アスペルロシド水溶液を得た。粗アスペルロシド水溶液をさらに同様の方法でODS処理し、純度97%以上の画分のみ集め、メタノールを減圧留去し、高純度のアスペルロシド(ASP)を得た(純度97%以上)。
精製水に48%濃度になるように水酸化ナトリウムを加え50℃まで昇温した。6分間かけてゲニポシド(四川双子叶生物科技有限公司より購入)を加えて50℃にて2時間撹拌した。原料の消失を確認した後、25℃付近まで冷却し、4N塩酸で中和して粗ゲニポシド酸溶液を得た。粗ゲニポシド酸溶液を希塩酸でpH3.5に調整し、水で平衡化したODS(Daisogel SP-120-40/60 ODS-B、ダイソー株式会社製)に吸着させた。次いで、脱塩のため精製水で洗浄し、50容量%メタノール水溶液にて溶出し、高純度のゲニポシド酸を得た(純度99.5%以上)。
日本新薬株式会社から「アテネントール錠12.5mg」(アネトールトリチオン含有量12.5mg/錠)として販売されている製剤を粉砕して必要量を使用した。
ベースとなる餌として、精製飼料(D12492 エルエスジー株式会社製)に30重量%のラードを添加した高脂肪餌(HFD)を使用した。
無作為に選択したSD雄性ラット(6週齢、体重約180g)を各群8匹になるように4つの群(ASP投与群、GEA投与群、ELE投与群、AT投与群)に群分けした。各群のラットに3日間予備飼育した後、7日間各被験物を投与した。全飼育期間中、ラットにはHFDを自由摂取させた。
(4-1)サンプル溶液の調製
採取した胆汁を1mLを取り、4mLメタノールを加えて均一にし、4℃条件下で保存した。これを均一化し、200μL内標準溶液(ラウリン酸 濃度4.18μg/mL)を加えて均一化し、10分間遠心分離(6200rpm)した。上清液を60℃のウォーターバスに置き、窒素で乾燥後、200μLメタノールで溶解し、3分間遠心分離(6200rpm)した。上清液を取り、サンプル溶液とし、以下のLC−MS分析条件により胆汁酸(コール酸、デオキシコール酸)の分析を行った。
サンプル溶液を下記条件のLC−MSにかけて、分析(定量と定性)を行った。
[LC-MS分析条件]
カラム:Phenomenex 100×4.6mm 2.6u C18 100A
移動相:(A)アセトニトリル(CH3CN)
(B)10mmol/L酢酸アンモニウム(CH3COONH4)−0.04%アンモニア水(pH8.0)
グラジエント条件:B% 80%(0 min) → 75%(7 min) → 70%(10 min) → 70%(13 min)→60%(15 min) → 10%(17 min) → 10%(22 min) → 80%(25 min)→80%(30 min)
流速:0.8mL/min
温度:25℃
検出:質量分析計(LCQ DUO),ESI, negaitive
乾燥気流速:12L/min
噴霧圧:20 psi
乾燥ガス温度:350℃
電圧:3000(Negative)
注入量 :20μL。
胆汁酸(コール酸、デオキシコール酸)の分泌総量(μg)と分泌増加率(%)のそれぞれの平均値を表1に示す。ここで、分泌増加率(%)は、陽性コントロール群であるAT投与群の胆汁酸(コール酸及びデオキシコール酸)の分泌量をそれぞれ100%とし、それに対する各群(ASP投与群、GEA投与群、ELE投与群)の胆汁酸分泌量の相対比(%)として算出した。
1日投与量として、表2〜4に示す量のイリドイド化合物を含有する医薬品又は食品を調製した。これらの各組成物をヒトへ投与したところ、実施例1と同様に一定の胆汁酸分泌促進作用が確認された。
Claims (3)
- イリドイド骨格を有する化合物を有効成分とする胆汁酸分泌促進剤。
- オイコミオール、1-デオキシオイコミオール、エピオイコミオール、アスペルロシド、アスペルロシド酸、デアセチルアスペルロシド酸、スキャンデシド 10-O-アセテート、ゲニポシド酸、オークビン、オイコミシドA、オイコミシドB、及びオイコミシドCからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を有効成分として含有する胆汁酸分泌促進剤。
- 請求項1または2に記載する胆汁酸分泌促進剤、及び薬学的に許容される担体または添加剤を含有する、胆汁酸分泌促進用の薬学的組成物。
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