JP2011505347A - Dna中のg−四重鎖領域と相互作用するナフタレンジイミド化合物 - Google Patents
Dna中のg−四重鎖領域と相互作用するナフタレンジイミド化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011505347A JP2011505347A JP2010535460A JP2010535460A JP2011505347A JP 2011505347 A JP2011505347 A JP 2011505347A JP 2010535460 A JP2010535460 A JP 2010535460A JP 2010535460 A JP2010535460 A JP 2010535460A JP 2011505347 A JP2011505347 A JP 2011505347A
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- 108091081406 G-quadruplex Proteins 0.000 title description 13
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- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
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- XOGGUFAVLNCTRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;iron(2+);hexacyanide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] XOGGUFAVLNCTRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
RはH又はA2X4であり、
X1〜X4は各々独立して、ハロ、OH、OR3、COH、NH2、NHR3、NR3R4、COOH、CONH2、COOR3、CONHR3、CONR3R4、SH、SR3、COR3又はシアノから選択され、
R3及びR4は独立して、炭素数1〜6のアルキル、炭素数6〜20のアリール、炭素数7〜20のアラルキルから選択され、又はR3及びR4は該R3及びR4が結合している窒素原子と共に3員環〜8員環を形成し、該環は必要に応じて置換され、且つ必要に応じて他のヘテロ原子を含み、
A1及びA2は各々独立して、NHR5から選択され、
R5は、炭素数1〜20のアルキル、炭素数6〜20のアリール、炭素数7〜20のアルカリール、又は炭素数7〜20のアラルキルから導かれる二価の基であり、
R1基〜R5基、A1基及びA2基のいずれかが、炭素数1〜20のアルキル、炭素数2〜20のアルケニル、炭素数7〜20のアルカリール、炭素数2〜10のアルキニル、炭素数7〜20のアラルキル、炭素数2〜20のヘテロアラルキル、炭素数3〜30のヘテロシクリルアルキル、炭素数3〜30のアルキルヘテロシクリル、炭素数3〜20のシクロアルキル、炭素数3〜20のヘテロシクリル、炭素数2〜20のヘテロアリール、炭素数5〜20のアリール、又は炭素数1〜10のアルコキシ、ハロ、OH、OR3、COH、NH2、NHR3、NR3R4、COOH、CONH2、COOR3、CONHR3、CONR3R4、SH、SR3、COR3、又はシアノで置換されていてもよい)の化合物、又は薬学的に許容可能なその塩若しくはプロドラッグが提供される。
実施例1
試薬、溶媒及び化学薬品は、Sigma-Aldrich、Alfa Aesar、Lancaster Synthesis、GOSS又はAvocado Organicsから購入し、供給を受けたものをさらなる精製を行わずそのまま使用した。全ての有機溶媒が、無水物であった。Personal Chemistry製のInitiator microwaveを用いて、マイクロ波照射を行った。可能な場合にはLC/MSを使用して、反応をモニタリングした(以下で説明する)。「通常の方法での有機溶液の処理(Work-up)」とは、硫酸マグネシウムでの段階的乾燥と、濾過と、その後の真空中での濾液の蒸発とを表す。
最終的な化合物の純度を、2つの異なる分析方法(「共通の方法」の節で説明した)を使用してHPLCにより定量化した。詳細を以下の表1に示す。
適当なタグ付きDNA:テロメアG−四重鎖に関しては5’−FAM−d(GGG[TTAGGG]3−TAMRA−3’;二本鎖DNAに関しては5’−FAM−dTATAGCTATA−HEG−TATAGCTATA−TAMRA−3’(HEGリンカー:[(−CH2−CH2−O−)6]);ckit1 G−四重鎖に関しては5’−FAM−AGAGGGAGGGCGCTGGGAGGAGGGGCT−TAMRA−3’;又はckit2 G−四重鎖に関しては5’−FAM−CCCGGGCGGGCGCGAGGGAGGGGAGG−TAMRA−3’(全て、Eurogentec, Southhampton, UKから購入した);を、FRET緩衝液(50mMカコジル酸カリウム、pH7.4)を使用して400nMまで希釈し、85℃で5分間加熱すること、及び5時間かけて室温に冷却することにより、アニーリングした。化合物の希釈液を、1mMのストック溶液から、FRET緩衝液を使用して、最終濃度の2倍の濃度で調製した。1ウェル当たり50μLのアニーリングしたDNAと50μLの化合物とを96ウェルプレートに入れ、DNA Engine Opticon(MJ Research)で処理した。蛍光の読み取り値を、各読み取りの前に30秒間一定温度を維持して、30℃〜100℃の範囲にわたり0.5℃の間隔で取得した。照射は450nm〜495nmで、検出は515nm〜545nmで行った。生データをOrigin 7.0(OriginLab Corp.)にインポートし、10点移動平均を使用してグラフをスムージングし、その後正規化した。融解温度を確定するために、スムージングした融解曲線の一次導関数を算出した。0.5μMの化合物での融解温度と、ブランクに関する融解温度との差(ΔTm(0.5μM))を、比較のために使用した。
TRAPアッセイを、最初のテロメラーゼによるプライマー伸長工程と、次のプライマー結合リガンドの除去と、最後のテロメラーゼ産物のPCR増幅との、3つの工程で実施した。
共通:
ヒトがん細胞株(乳房(MCF7)、肺(A549)、結腸(HT−29)、胃(HGC−27))と、正常ヒト肺線維芽細胞株(WI−38)とを、American Type Cell Culture(ATCC)から購入した。GIST882細胞株は、Jonathan Fletcher博士より寄贈を受けたものであった。HGC27及びWI38を除く全ての細胞株を、10%ウシ胎児血清(Invitrogen, UK)、0.5mg/mlヒドロコルチゾン(Acros Chemicals, Loughborough, UK)、2mM L−グルタミン(Invitrogen, Netherlands)、及び非必須アミノ酸(Invitrogen, Netherlands)を含有するダルベッコ変法イーグル培地中で維持し、37℃、5%CO2下でインキュベートした。WI38細胞株及びHGC27細胞株を、上述のように調製した最小必須培地中で維持した。全ての細胞株を、1:6の割合で定期的に継代した。
短期間の増殖阻害を、以前に述べたSRBアッセイを使用して測定した。簡潔には、細胞を、適当な培地において、96ウェルプレートのウェル中に播種し(4000細胞/ウェル)、終夜インキュベートして細胞を接着させた。その後細胞を、新たに作製した薬剤溶液に曝露し、さらに96時間インキュベートした。この後、細胞を、氷冷したトリクロロ(trichlo)酢酸(TCA)(10%(w/v))で30分間固定し、1%酢酸中に溶解した0.4%SRBで15分間染色した。全てのインキュベーションを、室温で実施した。IC50値(細胞増殖を50%阻害するのに必要な濃度)を、対照の非処理ウェルの吸光度の百分率として表した、各薬剤濃度に対する540nmでの平均吸光度から確定した。
老化の検出及び定量化の実験を、市販のキット(老化β−ガラクトシダーゼ染色キット、Cell Signalling Technology, MA, USA)を使用して、実施した。1×105個の細胞を、2mlの培地及び試験する化合物において、6−ウェルプレート(Nunc, Denmark)の35mmウェル中に播種した。細胞を24時間インキュベートした。その後培地を除去し、細胞をPBS(1×2ml)で洗浄した。細胞を、室温で15分間、1mlの固定溶液(PBS中における、2%ホルムアルデヒド及び2%グルタルアルデヒド)で処理することにより固定した。その後固定溶液を除去し、ウェルをPBS(2×2ml)で洗浄した。新たに調製した染色溶液(DMF中における、930μLの40mMクエン酸/リン酸ナトリウム(pH6.0)、0.15M NaCl及び2mM MgCl2、10μLの500mMフェロシアン化カリウム、10μLの500mMフェリシアン化カリウム、並びに50μLの20mg/ml 5−ブロモ−4−クロロ−3−インドリル−μD−ガラクトピラノシドの混合物)(1ml)を添加し、細胞を終夜インキュベートした。青色の色素形成により検出した老化細胞を、光学顕微鏡で定量化した。
化合物のDNA安定化能の最初の評価を、FRETを使用して行った。4つの異なるDNA配列(ヒトテロメアのG−四重鎖に関するモデル、自己相補的な二本鎖DNAヘアピン、及びCKIT遺伝子のプロモーター領域に存在する2つの配列)を、使用した。FRET競合実験も行い、漸増濃度の二本鎖DNAの存在下で、テロメアのG−四重鎖配列に対する親和性を評価した。これらの実験により、四重鎖DNAと二本鎖DNAとの間のリガンドの選択性を評価することが可能となった。FRETの結果を、表3に示す。
[1]= Hopkins, H et al, Journal of Solution Chemistry 1986, 15, 563-579
[2]= Sissi, C et al, Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2007, 15, 555-562
[3]= Brana et al, Curr. Med. Chem, Anti-Cancer Agents,2001、I、257-255
[4]= Thalacker et al, J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71, 8098-8105
[5]= US 2003/0153005
Claims (17)
- 一般式(I):
RはH又はA2X4であり、
X1〜X4は各々独立して、ハロ、OH、OR3、COH、NH2、NHR3、NR3R4、COOH、CONH2、COOR3、CONHR3、CONR3R4、SH、SR3、COR3又はシアノから選択され、
R3及びR4は独立して、炭素数1〜6のアルキル、炭素数6〜20のアリール、炭素数7〜20のアラルキルから選択され、又はR3及びR4は該R3及びR4が結合している窒素原子と共に3員環〜8員環を形成し、該環は必要に応じて置換され、且つ必要に応じて他のヘテロ原子を含み、
A1及びA2は各々独立して、NHR5から選択され、
R5は、炭素数1〜20のアルキル、炭素数6〜20のアリール、炭素数7〜20のアルカリール、又は炭素数7〜20のアラルキルから導かれる二価の基であり、
R1基〜R5基、A1基及びA2基のいずれかが、炭素数1〜20のアルキル、炭素数2〜20のアルケニル、炭素数7〜20のアルカリール、炭素数2〜10のアルキニル、炭素数7〜20のアラルキル、炭素数2〜20のヘテロアラルキル、炭素数3〜30のヘテロシクリルアルキル、炭素数3〜30のアルキルヘテロシクリル、炭素数3〜20のシクロアルキル、炭素数3〜20のヘテロシクリル、炭素数2〜20のヘテロアリール、炭素数5〜20のアリール、又は炭素数1〜10のアルコキシ、ハロ、OH、OR3、COH、NH2、NHR3、NR3R4、COOH、CONH2、COOR3、CONHR3、CONR3R4、SH、SR3、COR3、又はシアノで置換されていてもよい)の化合物、又は薬学的に許容可能なその塩若しくはプロドラッグ。 - RがHである、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- RがA2X4である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R1X1=R2X2である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- X1〜X4がNH2、NR3R4、OH、OR3及びNHR3から選択される、請求項3、又は請求項3に従属する場合の請求項4に記載の化合物。
- X1〜X4がNR3R4であり、R3及びR4が独立してメチル又はエチルである、請求項5に記載の化合物。
- X1〜X4がNR3R4であり、R3及びR4が、該R3及びR4が結合している窒素原子と共に5員環又は6員環を形成し、該環は酸素を含有していてもよい、請求項5に記載の化合物。
- NR3R4基が、ピロリジン、ピペリジン又はモルホリンである、請求項7に記載の化合物。
- 前記化合物がプロドラッグであり、X1基〜X4基がN−オキシド、N+(−O−)R3R4である、請求項5〜8のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- 前記化合物がプロドラッグであり、X1〜X4のいずれか又は全てがCOR3であり、R3が炭素数1〜6のアルキル、又は炭素数6〜20のアリールである、請求項5に記載の化合物。
- R1及びR2が、炭素数1〜10のアルキル、好ましくは炭素数2〜4のアルキルから導かれる二価の基である、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- R5が、炭素数1〜10のアルキル、好ましくは炭素数2〜4のアルキルから導かれる二価の基である、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- 一般式(I)の化合物、又は薬学的に許容可能なその塩若しくはプロドラッグを含む医薬組成物。
- 治療における使用のための、一般式(I)の化合物、又は一般式 (I)の塩、溶媒和物若しくはプロドラッグ。
- がん、好ましくは胃腸管のがんの治療における使用のための、請求項15に記載の化合物、塩、溶媒和物又はプロドラッグ。
- がんの予防又は治療のための薬物の製造における、一般式(I)の化合物、又はその塩、溶媒和物若しくはプロドラッグ、又は請求項14に記載の医薬組成物の使用。
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