JP2011092163A - Air-conditioning system for greenhouse and method for operating the same - Google Patents

Air-conditioning system for greenhouse and method for operating the same Download PDF

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JP2011092163A
JP2011092163A JP2009252292A JP2009252292A JP2011092163A JP 2011092163 A JP2011092163 A JP 2011092163A JP 2009252292 A JP2009252292 A JP 2009252292A JP 2009252292 A JP2009252292 A JP 2009252292A JP 2011092163 A JP2011092163 A JP 2011092163A
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outside air
greenhouse
hot water
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JP5325076B2 (en
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Fujio Komatsu
富士夫 小松
Tomoiku Yoshikawa
朝郁 吉川
Satoshi Shinozaki
聡 篠崎
Jun Oshima
潤 大島
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Mayekawa Manufacturing Co
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air-conditioning system for greenhouse, enabling air conditioning stably and independently of weather, and also capable of reducing power consumption. <P>SOLUTION: The air-conditioning system includes: a greenhouse 10; an outside air conditioning chamber 20; a solar heat collector 30; and an adsorption-type refrigerating machine 40. An outside air conditioning area 202 and a reclaiming area 204 are collocated in the outside air conditioning chamber 20; in the outside air conditioning area 202, the introduced outside air (a) is cooled by the evaporator 214 of a heat pump apparatus 212 to raise relative humidity followed by dehumidification by a dehumidifying rotor 218. The outside air (a) heated by the heat of adsorption of the dehumidifying rotor 218 is cooled by a heat exchanger 222 and subjected to temperature adjustment by a humidifier 224, thus supplying the resultant outside air into the greenhouse 10. In the reclaiming area 204, the outside air (a) introduced is heated by the condenser 232 of the heat pump apparatus 212, and by the thus heated outside air (a), the dehumidifying rotor 218 is reclaimed. The hot heat source for the heat exchanger 222 is fed from the solar heat collector 30, while the cold heat source is fed from the adsorption-type refrigerating machine 40. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、太陽光エネルギーを利用して、消費電力を低減できると共に、天候に左右されず全シーズン安定した空調が可能な温室用空気調和装置及びその運転方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a greenhouse air conditioner that can reduce power consumption by using solar energy and that can be stably air-conditioned for all seasons regardless of the weather, and an operation method thereof.

従来、温室や植物工場の空気調和手段として、冷房用に蒸気圧縮式冷凍装置を使用したり、暖房用に蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置や、重油ボイラ又は燃焼式温風発生器等を使用している。また、除湿用に水分吸着剤や吸収液等を使用している。温室の空調では、特に、湿度が高くなると、作業員にとって不快であるばかりでなく、カビや細菌の発生を助長する。また、土に含まれる水分が過剰となって、植物の生育にとって好ましくない影響が生じる。   Conventionally, as an air conditioning means in a greenhouse or a plant factory, a vapor compression refrigeration apparatus is used for cooling, a vapor compression heat pump apparatus, a heavy oil boiler, or a combustion hot air generator is used for heating. . In addition, a moisture adsorbent or an absorbing solution is used for dehumidification. In the air conditioning of a greenhouse, in particular, when the humidity is high, it is not only uncomfortable for workers but also promotes the generation of mold and bacteria. Moreover, the water | moisture content contained in soil becomes excess, and the influence unfavorable with respect to plant growth arises.

また、温室や植物工場の空調には、冷房装置や暖房装置を長時間使用するため、多大の電力を消費する。そのため、今まで、冷暖房性能を高めたり、除湿効率を向上したり、あるいはできるだけ自然エネルギーを利用してランニングコストを削減することを目的とした空調手段が種々提案されている。   Further, since air conditioning in a greenhouse or a plant factory uses a cooling device or a heating device for a long time, a large amount of power is consumed. For this reason, various air-conditioning means have been proposed so far in order to improve the cooling / heating performance, improve the dehumidification efficiency, or reduce the running cost by using natural energy as much as possible.

例えば、特許文献１には、温室に外気を導入する経路中に、除湿器や、冷却用熱交換器及び加湿器を上流側から順に配置した温室用冷房装置が開示されている。前記加湿器では、導入外気を加湿すると共に、付加した湿分が蒸発し導入外気から蒸発潜熱を奪うことで、導入外気をさらに冷却している。   For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a greenhouse cooling device in which a dehumidifier, a cooling heat exchanger, and a humidifier are sequentially arranged from the upstream side in a path for introducing outside air into a greenhouse. In the humidifier, the introduced outside air is humidified, and the added moisture evaporates to take away latent heat of evaporation from the introduced outside air, thereby further cooling the introduced outside air.

特許文献２には、温室を備えた植物工場の空調設備が開示されている。この空調設備は、特に、密閉式人口光利用型植物工場の生育用の電気照明電力及び年間冷房用の空調用電力費を低減することを目的としている。この空調設備は、蓄冷熱槽内の水を夜間電力で冷却して蓄冷し、その冷水を空調機に導入している。該空調機には、冷水と空気とを直接熱交換する充填層が設けられている。   Patent Document 2 discloses an air conditioning facility of a plant factory equipped with a greenhouse. This air-conditioning equipment is particularly intended to reduce the electric lighting power for growing a sealed artificial light-utilizing plant factory and the electricity cost for air-conditioning for annual cooling. This air-conditioning equipment cools the water in the cold storage heat tank with nighttime power and stores it, and introduces the cold water into the air conditioner. The air conditioner is provided with a packed bed for directly exchanging heat between cold water and air.

特許文献３には、ビニールハウスの暖房性能を向上させて、成績係数（ＣＯＰ）を向上させる暖房方法が開示されている。この暖房方法は、温室内をヒートポンプ式冷暖房機により冷房又は暖房すると共に、該ヒートポンプ式冷暖房機の圧縮機及び室外熱交換器が収納された室外機によって発生する冷気又は暖気をビニールハウスの空調に利用することにより、ＣＯＰを向上させるようにしている。   Patent Document 3 discloses a heating method for improving the coefficient of performance (COP) by improving the heating performance of a greenhouse. In this heating method, the inside of a greenhouse is cooled or heated by a heat pump type air conditioner, and the cold air or warm air generated by the outdoor unit in which the compressor and the outdoor heat exchanger of the heat pump type air conditioner are stored is used for air conditioning of the greenhouse. By using it, the COP is improved.

特許文献４には、多湿となる温室の環境を改善するため、吸収液を利用した吸収式除湿装置を備えて、除湿効率を向上させた温室用空調システムが開示されている。
特許文献５には、太陽光を利用する温室の制御方法であって、太陽光を遮光する遮光カーテン装置と、室内を保温する保温カーテン装置と、空気を排気する天窓装置及び換気装置と、冷房装置及び暖房装置とを少なくとも一つ備えている。これらの装置を自然条件に対応させて互いに補完するように作動させることにより、太陽光エネルギーを最大限に利用して、省エネを図るようにしている。 Patent Document 4 discloses a greenhouse air conditioning system that includes an absorption dehumidifier that uses an absorbing solution to improve the dehumidification efficiency in order to improve the environment of a greenhouse that is humid.
Patent Document 5 discloses a method for controlling a greenhouse using sunlight, which includes a light shielding curtain device that shields sunlight, a heat insulation curtain device that keeps the room warm, a skylight device and a ventilation device that exhaust air, and a cooling system. At least one device and a heating device are provided. By operating these devices so as to complement each other in accordance with natural conditions, solar energy is utilized to the maximum to save energy.

特許文献６には、植物工場の省エネを図るため、植物の近傍のみを空調するようにした局所空調装置が開示されている。   Patent Document 6 discloses a local air conditioner that air-conditions only the vicinity of a plant in order to save energy in a plant factory.

実開昭６２−６８５５９号明細書及び図面Japanese Utility Model Publication No. Sho 62-68559 and drawings 特開２０００−９３０１０号公報JP 2000-93010 A 特開２００８−１１６１７８号公報JP 2008-116178 A 特開２００５−３３４３５号公報JP-A-2005-33435 特開平８−１０３１７３号公報JP-A-8-103173 特開平５−２９２８４５号公報JP-A-5-292845

このように、温室等の植物工場では、植物の生育環境を維持するために、冷房、除湿及び暖房等の空気調和機器が使用されている。空気調和機器は、電力等のエネルギーを大量に消費するため、さらなる省エネが求められている。
また、特許文献５には、太陽光エネルギーを最大限に利用して、省エネを図る空調システムが開示されているが、太陽光エネルギーの利用可否は、天候に左右されてしまう。そのため、不安定な天候に左右されない安定した空調システムが求められている。 Thus, in plant factories such as greenhouses, air conditioning equipment such as cooling, dehumidification, and heating is used to maintain the plant growth environment. Since the air conditioner consumes a large amount of energy such as electric power, further energy saving is required.
Patent Document 5 discloses an air conditioning system that maximizes the use of solar energy to save energy, but the availability of solar energy depends on the weather. Therefore, there is a demand for a stable air conditioning system that is not affected by unstable weather.

そこで、本発明は、かかる従来技術の課題に鑑み、太陽光エネルギーを利用して、冷房、除湿及び暖房を行なう植物工場等温室用の空調装置において、天候に左右されずに安定した空調が可能であると共に、消費電力量を低減できるようにした空調装置を実現することを目的とする。   Therefore, in view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention enables stable air conditioning without being influenced by the weather in a greenhouse such as a plant factory that uses solar energy to perform cooling, dehumidification, and heating. In addition, an object of the present invention is to realize an air conditioner that can reduce power consumption.

かかる目的を達成するため、本発明の温室用空気調和装置は、
太陽熱を温熱源とし、温室内に温度及び湿度を調整した外気を供給して温室の空調を行なう温室の空気調和装置において、
外気調整エリア及び外気調整エリアに並設された再生エリアを有する外気調整室と、吸湿剤を内包する回転板を備え、該回転板が該外気調整エリア及び再生エリアに跨るように配置された除湿ロータと、
蒸発器が外気調整エリアで除湿ロータの上流側又は下流側に配置されると共に、凝縮器が再生エリアで除湿ロータの上流側に配置された蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置と、
太陽熱集熱装置と、吸着式冷凍機又は吸収式冷凍機と、該吸着式冷凍機又は吸収式冷凍機に冷却水を供給する冷却塔と、外気調整エリアで除湿ロータの下流側又は上流側に配置され、太陽熱集熱装置、吸着式冷凍機、吸収式冷凍機又は冷却塔から選択的に温水又は冷水が供給される熱交換器と、を備え、
外気調整エリアで温度及び湿度を調整した外気を温室に供給するように構成したものである。 In order to achieve this object, the greenhouse air conditioner of the present invention is
In a greenhouse air conditioner that uses solar heat as a heat source and supplies outside air with adjusted temperature and humidity into the greenhouse to air condition the greenhouse.
Dehumidification provided with an outside air adjustment area having an outside air adjustment area and a regeneration area arranged in parallel to the outside air adjustment area, and a rotating plate containing a hygroscopic agent, and the rotating plate is disposed so as to straddle the outside air adjusting area and the regeneration area A rotor,
A vapor compression heat pump device in which the evaporator is arranged upstream or downstream of the dehumidification rotor in the outside air adjustment area, and the condenser is arranged upstream of the dehumidification rotor in the regeneration area;
Solar heat collector, adsorption refrigerator or absorption refrigerator, cooling tower for supplying cooling water to the adsorption refrigerator or absorption refrigerator, and downstream or upstream of the dehumidification rotor in the outside air adjustment area And a heat exchanger that is selectively supplied with hot water or cold water from a solar heat collector, an adsorption refrigerator, an absorption refrigerator, or a cooling tower,
In this configuration, the outside air whose temperature and humidity are adjusted in the outside air adjustment area is supplied to the greenhouse.

本発明装置では、温室に供給される外気に対して、除湿が必要な場合は、除湿ロータを稼動させて外気の除湿を行なう。吸湿剤を使用した除湿ロータは、低温でも除湿性能が低下しないので、冬場でも除湿性能を維持できる。除湿ロータの円板に内包される吸湿剤は、高分子吸着剤が使用できるが、その他に、ゼオライト系、シリカゲル系又は活性炭系の吸湿剤も使用可能である。
外気調整エリアでは、除湿ロータの上流側又は下流側には、蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の蒸発器又は前記熱交換器が配置される。該蒸発器又は熱交換器は、どちらが除湿ロータの上流側又は下流側に配置されてもよい。 In the apparatus of the present invention, when dehumidification is required for the outside air supplied to the greenhouse, the dehumidification rotor is operated to dehumidify the outside air. Since the dehumidification rotor using the moisture absorbent does not deteriorate the dehumidification performance even at a low temperature, the dehumidification performance can be maintained even in winter. A polymer adsorbent can be used as the hygroscopic agent included in the disk of the dehumidifying rotor, but a zeolite-based, silica gel-based or activated carbon-based hygroscopic agent can also be used.
In the outside air adjustment area, the evaporator of the vapor compression heat pump device or the heat exchanger is arranged upstream or downstream of the dehumidification rotor. Either the evaporator or the heat exchanger may be arranged upstream or downstream of the dehumidification rotor.

冷房運転時には、外気は、除湿ロータで除湿される前に、除湿ロータの上流側に配置された蒸発器又は熱交換器によって予冷される。これによって、外気の冷却除湿が可能になると共に、外気の相対湿度が増大するので、除湿ロータの除湿効果を向上できる。また、この予冷によって、外気温度がある程度変動しても、除湿ロータに供給される外気の温度及び湿度が一定となるので、外気変動の影響を受けにくくすることができる。
除湿ロータによる除湿時に、外気は湿分吸着時に吸湿剤から発生した吸着熱により加温されるので、除湿ロータの下流側に配置された熱交換器又は蒸発器によって冷却する。こうして、外気調整エリアで除湿調温された外気を温室に供給する。 During the cooling operation, the outside air is pre-cooled by an evaporator or a heat exchanger disposed on the upstream side of the dehumidification rotor before being dehumidified by the dehumidification rotor. As a result, the outside air can be cooled and dehumidified, and the relative humidity of the outside air is increased, so that the dehumidification effect of the dehumidification rotor can be improved. Further, even if the outside air temperature fluctuates to some extent by this pre-cooling, the temperature and humidity of the outside air supplied to the dehumidifying rotor become constant, so that it is difficult to be affected by the outside air fluctuation.
At the time of dehumidification by the dehumidification rotor, the outside air is heated by the adsorption heat generated from the hygroscopic agent at the time of moisture adsorption, and thus is cooled by a heat exchanger or an evaporator disposed on the downstream side of the dehumidification rotor. Thus, the outside air dehumidified and controlled in the outside air adjustment area is supplied to the greenhouse.

除湿ロータに吸着された湿分を、再生エリアに導入され蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の凝縮器で加熱された外気で除湿ロータを加熱することにより、除湿ロータから離脱させる。これによって、除湿ロータを再生し、除湿性能を維持する。
暖房運転時には、熱交換器に太陽熱集熱装置で製造した温水を供給し、該熱交換器で外気を加温するようにする。太陽熱集熱装置が稼動しない夜間又は天候不順時には、再生エリアに設けられた凝縮器で外気を加温するようにする。 The moisture adsorbed by the dehumidifying rotor is released from the dehumidifying rotor by heating the dehumidifying rotor with the outside air introduced into the regeneration area and heated by the condenser of the vapor compression heat pump device. Thereby, the dehumidifying rotor is regenerated and the dehumidifying performance is maintained.
During the heating operation, hot water produced by a solar heat collector is supplied to the heat exchanger, and the outside air is heated by the heat exchanger. When the solar heat collector is not operating at night or when the weather is unsatisfactory, the outside air is heated by a condenser provided in the regeneration area.

こうして、本発明装置では、温室に供給される外気を選択的に除湿、冷却又は加温できるので、あらゆる季節、天候又は時間帯に適した空調が可能になる。
また、本発明装置では、太陽光エネルギーを利用することで、必要電力量を節減できる。なお、吸着式冷凍機は、製造する冷熱源の温度を下げる場合にはＣＯＰが低下するが、温室の空調用としては、さほど低温の冷熱源を必要としないので、ＣＯＰは低下しない。 Thus, in the device of the present invention, the outside air supplied to the greenhouse can be selectively dehumidified, cooled or heated, so that air conditioning suitable for any season, weather or time zone is possible.
Moreover, in this invention apparatus, a required electric energy can be saved by utilizing solar energy. In the adsorption refrigerator, the COP is lowered when the temperature of the cold heat source to be manufactured is lowered. However, since the low temperature cold heat source is not required for air conditioning of the greenhouse, the COP is not lowered.

本発明装置において、外気調整エリアで除湿ロータの下流側に配置された蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の蒸発器又は熱交換器の下流側に加湿器が配置されるようにするとよい。これによって、外気調整エリアの最下流側で、温室に供給される前の外気の湿度を適宜調整できる。   In the device of the present invention, a humidifier may be disposed downstream of the evaporator or heat exchanger of the vapor compression heat pump device disposed downstream of the dehumidification rotor in the outside air adjustment area. Accordingly, the humidity of the outside air before being supplied to the greenhouse can be appropriately adjusted on the most downstream side of the outside air adjustment area.

前記本発明装置を用いた第１の本発明の運転方法は、
太陽熱集熱装置で製造した温水を吸着式冷凍機又は吸収式冷凍機に供給し、該吸着式冷凍機又は吸収式冷凍機で製造した冷水を前記熱交換器に供給する冷水供給工程と、
前記除湿ロータの上流側に配置された前記蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の蒸発器又は該熱交換器で外気を冷却して相対湿度を増大させる第１冷却工程と、
第１冷却工程で冷却された外気を除湿ロータで除湿する除湿工程と、
除湿ロータで除湿された外気を該熱交換器又は蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の蒸発器で冷却する第２冷却工程と、
第２冷却工程で温度及び湿度を調整された外気を温室に供給する外気供給工程と、
蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の凝縮器で再生エリアの外気を加熱して除湿ロータに吸着された湿分を離脱させる再生工程と、からなる昼間冷房運転を行なうものである。 The operation method of the first aspect of the present invention using the apparatus of the present invention is as follows:
A cold water supply step of supplying hot water produced by a solar heat collector to an adsorption refrigerator or absorption refrigerator, and supplying cold water produced by the adsorption refrigerator or absorption refrigerator to the heat exchanger;
A first cooling step of increasing the relative humidity by cooling the outside air with an evaporator or the heat exchanger of the vapor compression heat pump device disposed on the upstream side of the dehumidification rotor;
A dehumidifying step of dehumidifying the outside air cooled in the first cooling step with a dehumidifying rotor;
A second cooling step of cooling the outside air dehumidified by the dehumidification rotor with the heat exchanger or the evaporator of the vapor compression heat pump device;
An outside air supplying step of supplying outside air whose temperature and humidity are adjusted in the second cooling step to the greenhouse;
A daytime cooling operation is performed, which includes a regeneration step in which the outside air in the regeneration area is heated by the condenser of the vapor compression heat pump device to remove the moisture adsorbed by the dehumidifying rotor.

第１の本発明方法は、外気温度が高い夏等の季節で、かつ除湿が必要な昼間に行なう冷房運転に好適な運転方法である。第１の本発明方法では、外気調整エリアに導入された外気を除湿ロータで除湿する前に、除湿ロータの上流側に配置された蒸発器又は熱交換器によって予冷する。これによって、外気の相対湿度が増大するので、除湿ロータの除湿効果を向上できる。除湿ロータを出た後の外気は、除湿ロータでの湿分吸着時に吸湿剤から発生した吸着熱により加温されるので、除湿ロータの下流側に配置された該熱交換器又は蒸発器によって冷却する。こうして、除湿かつ冷却された外気を温室に供給できる。   The first method according to the present invention is an operation method suitable for a cooling operation that is performed in the daytime when dehumidification is necessary in a season such as summer when the outside air temperature is high. In the first method of the present invention, before the outside air introduced into the outside air adjustment area is dehumidified by the dehumidifying rotor, it is pre-cooled by an evaporator or a heat exchanger arranged on the upstream side of the dehumidifying rotor. As a result, the relative humidity of the outside air increases, so that the dehumidifying effect of the dehumidifying rotor can be improved. The outside air after leaving the dehumidification rotor is heated by the adsorption heat generated from the moisture absorbent during moisture adsorption by the dehumidification rotor, so it is cooled by the heat exchanger or evaporator disposed downstream of the dehumidification rotor. To do. Thus, the dehumidified and cooled outside air can be supplied to the greenhouse.

前記本発明装置を用いた第２の本発明の運転方法は、
第１の本発明方法の前記冷水供給工程で、吸着式冷凍機又は吸収式冷凍機で製造した冷水の代わりに、冷却塔で冷却した冷水を熱交換器に供給して夜間冷房運転を行なうものである。その他の工程は第１の本発明方法と同一である。 The operation method of the second aspect of the present invention using the apparatus of the present invention is as follows:
In the cold water supply step of the first method of the present invention, in place of cold water produced by an adsorption refrigerator or absorption refrigerator, cold water cooled by a cooling tower is supplied to a heat exchanger to perform night cooling operation. It is. Other steps are the same as those in the first method of the present invention.

第２の本発明方法は、気温が低下して相対湿度が上昇し、夜露が発生する夜間の冷房運転に好適な運転方法である。夜間は太陽熱集熱装置で温水を製造できないので、代わりに、冷却塔で冷却した冷水を使用する。この冷水を外気調整エリアに設けられた熱交換器に供給することによって、夜間でも第１の本発明方法と同様の除湿及び冷却工程を行なうことができる。   The second method according to the present invention is an operation method suitable for a nighttime cooling operation in which the temperature decreases, the relative humidity increases, and night dew is generated. At night, hot water cannot be produced by a solar heat collector, so cold water cooled by a cooling tower is used instead. By supplying this cold water to the heat exchanger provided in the outside air adjustment area, the same dehumidification and cooling process as in the first method of the present invention can be performed at night.

本発明装置を用いた第３の本発明の運転方法は、
太陽熱集熱装置で製造した温水を前記熱交換器に供給する温水供給工程と、再生エリアに導入した外気を外気調整エリアに導き、該熱交換器で加温する加温工程と、加温された外気を温室に供給する外気供給工程と、からなる昼間暖房運転を行なうものである。 A third operation method of the present invention using the apparatus of the present invention is as follows.
A hot water supply step of supplying hot water produced by a solar heat collector to the heat exchanger, a heating step of guiding the outside air introduced into the regeneration area to the outside air adjustment area, and heating by the heat exchanger; A daytime heating operation comprising an outside air supply step of supplying outside air to the greenhouse.

第３の本発明方法は、冬季等寒い季節の昼間に好適な運転方法である。第３の本発明方法は、外気を熱交換器で加温して温室に供給するようにしている。これによって、暖かくかつ加温することによって相対湿度を低減した外気を温室に供給できる。この場合、太陽熱集熱装置のみを稼動させれば済むので、必要電力量をさらに節減できる。   The third method of the present invention is an operation method suitable for the daytime in cold seasons such as winter. In the third method of the present invention, outside air is heated by a heat exchanger and supplied to a greenhouse. Thereby, it is possible to supply warm air to the greenhouse with the outside air reduced in relative humidity by heating. In this case, since only the solar heat collecting device needs to be operated, the required amount of power can be further reduced.

本発明装置を用いた第４の本発明の運転方法は、
太陽熱集熱装置で製造した温水を温水タンクに貯留する温水貯留工程と、温水タンクに貯留された温水を前記熱交換器に供給する温水供給工程と、再生エリアに導入した外気を外気調整エリアに導き、該熱交換器で加温する第１加温工程と、加温された外気を温室に供給する外気供給工程と、からなる夜間暖房運転を行なうものである。 The operation method of the 4th this invention using this invention apparatus is the following.
A hot water storage step of storing hot water produced by a solar heat collector in a hot water tank, a hot water supply step of supplying hot water stored in the hot water tank to the heat exchanger, and outside air introduced into the regeneration area as an outside air adjustment area The night heating operation is performed, which includes a first heating step of heating by the heat exchanger and an outside air supply step of supplying the heated outside air to the greenhouse.

第４の本発明方法は、冬季等気温が低い季節の夜間に好適な運転方法である。昼間太陽熱集熱器で製造した温水を温水タンクに貯留しておき、これを夜間に熱交換器に供給する。これによって、夜間でも暖かくかつ加温することによって相対湿度を低減した外気を温室に供給できる。この場合も、第３の本発明方法と同様に、蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置を稼動させないので、必要電力量を節減できる。   The fourth method according to the present invention is a driving method suitable for nighttime when the temperature is low such as winter. Hot water produced by a solar collector in the daytime is stored in a hot water tank and supplied to the heat exchanger at night. Thereby, it is possible to supply the greenhouse with the outside air whose relative humidity is reduced by warming and heating even at night. Also in this case, since the vapor compression heat pump device is not operated as in the third method of the present invention, the required electric energy can be saved.

本発明装置を用いた第５の本発明の運転方法は、
再生エリアに導入した外気を蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の凝縮器で加温する第２加温工程と、加温された外気を温室に供給する外気供給工程と、温室から排出された排気を外気調整エリアに導入し、蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の蒸発器で冷却する第３冷却工程と、からなる暖房運転を行なうものである。 The operation method of the fifth aspect of the present invention using the apparatus of the present invention is as follows:
A second heating process in which the outside air introduced into the regeneration area is heated by the condenser of the vapor compression heat pump device, an outside air supplying process in which the heated outside air is supplied to the greenhouse, and an exhaust discharged from the greenhouse is adjusted to the outside air. A heating operation comprising a third cooling step that is introduced into the area and cooled by an evaporator of a vapor compression heat pump device is performed.

第５の本発明方法は、太陽熱集熱装置で温水を製造できない天候時に好適な暖房運転方法である。この場合、外気を再生エリアに導入し、導入した外気を蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の凝縮器で加温する。この加温した外気を温室に供給することで、暖かくかつ加温されて相対湿度が低下した外気を温室に供給できる。
また、稼動している蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の蒸発器の蒸発熱源として、温室から排出された比較的高温の排気を用いることで、該蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置のＣＯＰを向上できる。 The method of the fifth aspect of the present invention is a heating operation method suitable for the weather when the hot water cannot be produced by the solar heat collector. In this case, outside air is introduced into the regeneration area, and the introduced outside air is heated by the condenser of the vapor compression heat pump apparatus. By supplying this warmed outside air to the greenhouse, it is possible to supply warm and warm outside air having a reduced relative humidity to the greenhouse.
Moreover, the COP of the vapor compression heat pump apparatus can be improved by using a relatively high temperature exhaust discharged from the greenhouse as the evaporation heat source of the evaporator of the operating vapor compression heat pump apparatus.

前記第１〜第５の本発明方法において、外気調整エリアで温度又は湿度を調整された外気を温室に供給する前に、加湿器で湿度調整する加湿工程を付加したするとよい。これによって、温室に供給する外気の湿度調整が容易になり、その日の気温や天候状態を見て、最適な湿度に調整できる。   In the first to fifth methods of the present invention, it is preferable to add a humidifying step of adjusting humidity with a humidifier before supplying the outside air whose temperature or humidity has been adjusted in the outside air adjustment area to the greenhouse. This makes it easy to adjust the humidity of the outside air supplied to the greenhouse, and the optimum humidity can be adjusted by looking at the temperature and weather conditions of the day.

本発明装置によれば、太陽熱を温熱源とし、温室内に温度及び湿度を調整した外気を供給して温室の空調を行なう温室の空気調和装置において、外気調整エリア及び外気調整エリアに並設された再生エリアを有する外気調整室と、吸湿剤を内包する回転板を備え、該回転板が該外気調整エリア及び再生エリアに跨るように配置された除湿ロータと、蒸発器が外気調整エリアで除湿ロータの上流側又は下流側に配置されると共に、凝縮器が再生エリアで除湿ロータの上流側に配置された蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置と、太陽熱集熱装置と、吸着式冷凍機又は吸収式冷凍機と、該吸着式冷凍機又は吸収式冷凍機に冷却水を供給する冷却塔と、外気調整エリアで除湿ロータの下流側又は上流側に配置され、太陽熱集熱装置、吸着式冷凍機、吸収式冷凍機又は冷却塔から選択的に温水又は冷水が供給される熱交換器と、を備え、外気調整エリアで温度及び湿度を調整した外気を温室に供給するように構成し、太陽熱集熱装置で得た温水を温熱源にすると共に、該温水で駆動される吸着式冷凍機から得た冷水を冷熱源として、温室に供給する外気を空調するので、消費電力を低減できると共に、前記各機器を選択的に稼動させることにより、冷房、暖房又は除湿運転が可能になる。従って、あらゆる季節、天候及び時間帯で安定した空調が可能になる。   According to the apparatus of the present invention, in a greenhouse air conditioner that uses solar heat as a heat source and supplies outside air with adjusted temperature and humidity into the greenhouse to air condition the greenhouse, the outside air adjustment area and the outside air adjustment area are arranged in parallel. A dehumidification rotor provided with an outside air adjusting chamber having a regenerating area, a rotating plate containing a moisture absorbent, and the rotating plate straddling the outside air adjusting area and the regenerating area, and an evaporator dehumidifying in the outside air adjusting area. A vapor compression heat pump device, a solar heat collecting device, an adsorption refrigeration machine, or an absorption refrigeration machine arranged on the upstream side or downstream side of the rotor and having a condenser arranged on the upstream side of the dehumidification rotor in the regeneration area A cooling tower for supplying cooling water to the adsorption refrigeration machine or absorption refrigeration machine, and a downstream or upstream side of the dehumidification rotor in the outside air adjustment area, a solar heat collecting device, an adsorption refrigeration machine, an absorption type cold And a heat exchanger to which hot water or cold water is selectively supplied from a machine or a cooling tower, and is configured to supply outside air whose temperature and humidity are adjusted in the outside air adjustment area to the greenhouse, and is obtained by a solar heat collector. The hot air is used as a heat source, and the outside air supplied to the greenhouse is air-conditioned using the cold water obtained from the adsorption refrigerator driven by the hot water as the cold source. By operating automatically, cooling, heating or dehumidifying operation becomes possible. Therefore, stable air conditioning is possible in all seasons, weather and time zones.

第１の本発明方法によれば、太陽熱集熱装置で製造した温水を吸着式冷凍機又は吸収式冷凍機に供給し、該吸着式冷凍機又は吸収式冷凍機で製造した冷水を前記熱交換器に供給する冷水供給工程と、除湿ロータの上流側に配置された前記蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の蒸発器又は該熱交換器で外気を冷却して相対湿度を増大させる第１冷却工程と、第１冷却工程で冷却された外気を除湿ロータで除湿する除湿工程と、除湿ロータで除湿された外気を該熱交換器又は蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の蒸発器で冷却する第２冷却工程と、第２冷却工程で温度及び湿度を調整された外気を温室に供給する外気供給工程と、蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の凝縮器で再生エリアの外気を加熱して除湿ロータに吸着された湿分を離脱させる再生工程と、からなる昼間冷房運転を行なうので、太陽熱集熱装置で得た温水で吸着式冷凍機を駆動し、該吸着式冷凍機で得た冷水で外気を冷却しているので、消費電力を低減できる。また、外気に含まれる湿分を除湿ロータで除去する際に、除湿ロータの上流側で外気を予冷して相対湿度を増大しているので、除湿効果を向上できる。   According to the first method of the present invention, hot water produced by a solar heat collector is supplied to an adsorption chiller or an absorption chiller, and the cold water produced by the adsorption chiller or absorption chiller is exchanged with the heat. A chilled water supply step for supplying to the cooler; a first cooling step for increasing the relative humidity by cooling the outside air with the evaporator or the heat exchanger of the vapor compression heat pump device arranged on the upstream side of the dehumidification rotor; A dehumidifying step of dehumidifying the outside air cooled in the first cooling step with a dehumidifying rotor, a second cooling step of cooling the outside air dehumidified with the dehumidifying rotor with the evaporator of the heat exchanger or the vapor compression heat pump device, An outside air supply process that supplies the outside air whose temperature and humidity are adjusted in the cooling process to the greenhouse, and a regeneration that heats the outside air in the regeneration area by the condenser of the vapor compression heat pump device and releases the moisture adsorbed by the dehumidifying rotor. From the process Day since the cooling operation that drives the adsorption refrigerator with warm water obtained by the solar heat collector, since the cool outside air in cold water obtained in the adsorption chiller, power consumption can be reduced. Further, when the moisture contained in the outside air is removed by the dehumidifying rotor, the outside air is precooled on the upstream side of the dehumidifying rotor and the relative humidity is increased, so that the dehumidifying effect can be improved.

第２の本発明方法によれば、前記第１の本発明方法の冷水供給工程で、吸着式冷凍機又は吸収式冷凍機で製造した冷水の代わりに、冷却塔で冷却した冷水を熱交換器に供給する夜間冷房運転を行なうようにしたので、太陽熱集熱装置及び吸着式冷凍機が稼動しない夜間でも、外気の冷却を行なうことができると共に、冷却塔で冷却した冷水を用いるので、消費電力を低減できる。   According to the second method of the present invention, in the cold water supply step of the first method of the present invention, the cold water cooled by the cooling tower is used as the heat exchanger instead of the cold water produced by the adsorption refrigerator or the absorption refrigerator. Since the cooling system is operated at night, the outside air can be cooled even at night when the solar heat collector and adsorption chiller do not operate, and the chilled water cooled by the cooling tower is used. Can be reduced.

第３の本発明方法によれば、太陽熱集熱装置で製造した温水を前記熱交換器に供給する温水供給工程と、再生エリアに導入した外気を外気調整エリアに導き、該熱交換器で加温する加温工程と、加温された外気を温室に供給する外気供給工程と、からなる昼間暖房運転を行なうので、太陽光エネルギーのみを利用し、除湿ロータや蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置を稼動させる必要がなく、消費電力を大幅に低減できる。   According to the third method of the present invention, a hot water supply step of supplying hot water produced by a solar heat collector to the heat exchanger, and the outside air introduced into the regeneration area is led to the outside air adjustment area and added by the heat exchanger. Since it performs daytime heating operation consisting of a warming process that warms and an outside air supply process that supplies the warmed outside air to the greenhouse, the dehumidification rotor and the vapor compression heat pump device are operated using only solar energy. There is no need, and power consumption can be greatly reduced.

第４の本発明方法によれば、太陽熱集熱装置で製造した温水を温水タンクに貯留する温水貯留工程と、温水タンクに貯留された温水を前記熱交換器に供給する温水供給工程と、再生エリアに導入した外気を外気調整エリアに導き、該熱交換器で加温する第１加温工程と、加温された外気を温室に供給する外気供給工程と、からなる夜間暖房運転を行なうので、夜間であっても太陽熱集熱器で製造した温水を用いて、省エネ運転が可能になる。   According to the fourth method of the present invention, a hot water storage step of storing hot water produced by a solar heat collector in a hot water tank, a hot water supply step of supplying hot water stored in the hot water tank to the heat exchanger, and regeneration Since the outside air introduced into the area is led to the outside air adjustment area and heated by the heat exchanger, the night heating operation comprising the outside air supplying step for supplying the outside air to the greenhouse with the heated outside air is performed. Even at night, energy-saving operation is possible using hot water produced by a solar heat collector.

第５の本発明方法によれば、再生エリアに導入した外気を蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の凝縮器で加温する第２加温工程と、加温された外気を温室に供給する外気供給工程と、温室から排出された排気を外気調整エリアに導入し、蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の蒸発器で冷却する第３冷却工程と、からなる暖房運転を行なうので、太陽熱集熱装置が作動しない天候であっても、暖房運転が可能になる。   According to the fifth method of the present invention, the second heating step of heating the outside air introduced into the regeneration area by the condenser of the vapor compression heat pump device, and the outside air supplying step of supplying the heated outside air to the greenhouse. In the weather where the solar heat collecting device does not operate, the heating operation is performed by introducing the exhaust discharged from the greenhouse into the outside air adjustment area and cooling with the evaporator of the vapor compression heat pump device. Even heating operation becomes possible.

本発明装置の一実施形態に係る温室用空気調和装置の系統図である。It is a systematic diagram of the air conditioner for greenhouses which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention apparatus. 第１の本発明方法の一実施形態を示す系統図である。It is a systematic diagram which shows one Embodiment of the 1st method of this invention. 第２の本発明方法の一実施形態を示す系統図である。It is a systematic diagram which shows one Embodiment of the 2nd method of this invention. 第３の本発明方法の一実施形態を示す系統図である。It is a systematic diagram which shows one Embodiment of the 3rd method of this invention. 第４の本発明方法の一実施形態を示す系統図である。It is a systematic diagram which shows one Embodiment of the 4th method of this invention. 第５の本発明方法の一実施形態を示す系統図である。It is a systematic diagram which shows one Embodiment of the 5th method of this invention. 図１の温室用空気調和装置を構成する各機器の動力値を示す図表である。It is a chart which shows the power value of each apparatus which comprises the air conditioner for greenhouses of FIG. 図１の温室用空気調和装置と市販の冷暖房装置との動力比較表である。It is a motive power comparison table with the air conditioning apparatus for greenhouses of FIG. 1, and a commercially available air conditioning apparatus. 太陽熱集熱装置による１日当りの集熱量を示す図表である。It is a graph which shows the amount of heat collection per day by a solar heat collector.

以下、本発明を図に示した実施形態を用いて詳細に説明する。但し、この実施形態に記載されている構成部品の寸法、材質、形状、その相対配置などは特に特定的な記載がない限り、この発明の範囲をそれのみに限定する趣旨ではない。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to that unless otherwise specified.

（実施形態１）
本発明装置の一実施形態を図１に基づいて説明する。図１において、温室用空気調和装置１は、屋根、隔壁等が透明で太陽光（自然光）を取り入れ可能な栽培ハウス１０（以下、「温室１０」という。）と、外気ａの温度及び湿度を調整して温室１０に供給する外気調整室２０と、太陽熱集熱装置３０と、吸着式冷凍機４０とを備えている。温室１０の内部には、外気調整室２０で温度及び湿度が調整された調整外気ｂが供給されるダクト１０２が水平方向に配置されている。ダクト１０２には中空の植物台１０４が載置されている。 (Embodiment 1)
An embodiment of the device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, a greenhouse air conditioner 1 includes a cultivation house 10 (hereinafter referred to as “greenhouse 10”) in which a roof, partition walls, and the like are transparent and can take in sunlight (hereinafter referred to as “greenhouse 10”), and the temperature and humidity of outside air a. An outside air adjustment chamber 20 that is adjusted and supplied to the greenhouse 10, a solar heat collecting device 30, and an adsorption refrigerator 40 are provided. Inside the greenhouse 10, a duct 102 to which the adjusted outside air b whose temperature and humidity are adjusted in the outside air adjusting chamber 20 is supplied is disposed in the horizontal direction. A hollow plant table 104 is placed in the duct 102.

植物台１０４の内部には、ダクト１０２に設けられた開口から調整外気ｂが導入される。植物台１０４の上面には栽培植物Ｐが載置されている。植物台１０４の上面に開けられた開口から調整外気ｂが排出され、調整外気ｂが栽培植物Ｐの周囲を取り囲むようになっている。   Inside the plant table 104, the adjusted outside air b is introduced from an opening provided in the duct 102. A cultivated plant P is placed on the upper surface of the plant table 104. The adjusted outside air b is discharged from an opening opened on the upper surface of the plant table 104, and the adjusted outside air b surrounds the cultivated plant P.

外気調整室２０は、温室１０に供給する外気の温度及び湿度を調整する外気調整エリア２０２と、後述する除湿ロータを再生する再生エリア２０４とを有する。外気調整エリア２０２と再生エリア２０４とは仕切り壁２０５で仕切られている。外気調整エリア２０２の隔壁２０ａの側面に、外気導入口２０６を有する外気導入管２０７が貫通配置されている。外気導入管２０７の管端は、外気調整エリア２０２に配置された給気ファン２０６に接続されている。外気導入管２０４には、温室１０の排気ｃを循環する循環管２０８が接続されている。これによって、排気ｂを適宜混合された外気ａが外気調整エリア２０２に導入される。   The outside air adjustment chamber 20 has an outside air adjustment area 202 for adjusting the temperature and humidity of outside air supplied to the greenhouse 10, and a regeneration area 204 for regenerating a dehumidifying rotor described later. The outside air adjustment area 202 and the reproduction area 204 are partitioned by a partition wall 205. An outside air introduction pipe 207 having an outside air introduction port 206 is disposed through the side surface of the partition wall 20a in the outside air adjustment area 202. The tube end of the outside air introduction tube 207 is connected to an air supply fan 206 disposed in the outside air adjustment area 202. A circulation pipe 208 that circulates the exhaust c of the greenhouse 10 is connected to the outside air introduction pipe 204. As a result, the outside air a appropriately mixed with the exhaust b is introduced into the outside air adjustment area 202.

給気ファン２０６の下流側には、ＣＯ２を冷媒とするヒートポンプ装置２１２の蒸発器２１４が配置されている。蒸発器２１４の下流側に、外気調整エリア２０２と再生エリア２０４とに跨って配置された円板形の回転板２１６を備えた除湿ロータ２１８が配置されている。回転板２１６は、高分子吸着剤からなる吸湿剤を内包している。蒸発器２１４と除湿ロータ２１８間の外気調整エリア２０２の隔壁２０ａに扉２２０が設けられ、扉２２０を開けることにより、外気調整エリア２０２が外部に連通可能になっている。 An evaporator 214 of a heat pump device 212 using CO 2 as a refrigerant is disposed on the downstream side of the air supply fan 206. On the downstream side of the evaporator 214, a dehumidifying rotor 218 including a disk-shaped rotating plate 216 disposed across the outside air adjustment area 202 and the regeneration area 204 is disposed. The rotating plate 216 contains a hygroscopic agent made of a polymer adsorbent. A door 220 is provided in the partition wall 20a of the outside air adjustment area 202 between the evaporator 214 and the dehumidifying rotor 218. By opening the door 220, the outside air adjustment area 202 can communicate with the outside.

除湿ロータ２１８の下流側に熱交換器２２２が配置され、熱交換器２２２の下流側に加湿器２２４が配置されている。加湿器２２４の下流側に位置する外気調整エリア２０２の隔壁２０ａには、外気調整エリア２０２で温度及び湿度が調整された調整外気ｂを温室１０に送る調整外気供給管２２６が接続されている。調整外気供給管２２６の他端は、ダクト１０２に接続されている。   A heat exchanger 222 is disposed on the downstream side of the dehumidifying rotor 218, and a humidifier 224 is disposed on the downstream side of the heat exchanger 222. Connected to the partition wall 20a of the outside air adjustment area 202 located on the downstream side of the humidifier 224 is an adjusted outside air supply pipe 226 that sends the adjusted outside air b whose temperature and humidity are adjusted in the outside air adjustment area 202 to the greenhouse 10. The other end of the adjusted outside air supply pipe 226 is connected to the duct 102.

外気調整エリア２０２の下階に設けられた再生エリア２０４の隔壁２０ａには、外気導入口２２８が設けられ、外気導入口２２８に隣接して再生ファン２３０が設けられている。
再生ファン２３０によって外気導入口２２８から外気ａが再生エリア２０４に導入される。
再生エリア２０４の外気ａの流れは、外気調整エリア２０２の外気の流れと対向流を形成する。再生ファン２３０の下流側には、ヒートポンプ装置２１２を構成するガスクーラ２３２が配置されている。 An outside air inlet 228 is provided in the partition wall 20 a of the regeneration area 204 provided on the lower floor of the outside air adjustment area 202, and a regeneration fan 230 is provided adjacent to the outside air inlet 228.
Outside air a is introduced into the regeneration area 204 from the outside air inlet 228 by the regeneration fan 230.
The flow of outside air a in the regeneration area 204 forms a counter flow with the outside air flow in the outside air adjustment area 202. A gas cooler 232 constituting the heat pump device 212 is disposed on the downstream side of the regeneration fan 230.

ヒートポンプ装置２１２は、ＣＯ２冷媒の循環路２３４に、前記蒸発器２１４のほか、ガスクーラ２３２、圧縮機２３６及び膨脹弁２３８が介設されて、ヒートポンプサイクルを構成している。除湿ロータ２１８とガスクーラ２３２間の仕切り壁２０５に、仕切り壁２０５を開放して、外気調整エリア２０２と再生エリア２０４とを連通可能にする扉２４０が設けられている。 The heat pump device 212 includes a gas cooler 232, a compressor 236, and an expansion valve 238 in addition to the evaporator 214 in the CO 2 refrigerant circulation path 234 to constitute a heat pump cycle. The partition wall 205 between the dehumidification rotor 218 and the gas cooler 232 is provided with a door 240 that opens the partition wall 205 and allows the outside air adjustment area 202 and the regeneration area 204 to communicate with each other.

太陽熱集熱装置３０は、複数の集熱器３０２と、集熱器３０２で製造した温水を貯留する温水タンク３０４と、集熱器３０２と温水タンク３０４とを接続した通水路３０６ａ及び３０６ｂと、通水路３０６ａに介設された通水ポンプ３０８とから構成されている。集熱器３０２で製造した温水は、温水タンク３０４に貯留され、吸着式冷凍機４０又は熱交換器２２２の温熱源として使用される。   The solar heat collector 30 includes a plurality of heat collectors 302, a hot water tank 304 that stores hot water produced by the heat collector 302, water passages 306 a and 306 b that connect the heat collector 302 and the hot water tank 304, and It is comprised from the water flow pump 308 interposed by the water flow path 306a. The hot water produced by the heat collector 302 is stored in the hot water tank 304 and used as a heat source for the adsorption refrigerator 40 or the heat exchanger 222.

吸着式冷凍機４０には、温水タンク３０４から温水路３１０ａを経て温水ポンプ３１２によって温水が供給される。この温水は、吸着式冷凍機４０で吸着剤から冷媒蒸気を離脱させる温熱源として使用される。使用後の温水は、温水路３１０ｂを経て温水タンク３０４に戻される。   Hot water is supplied to the adsorption refrigeration machine 40 from the hot water tank 304 through the hot water passage 310a by the hot water pump 312. This hot water is used as a heat source for releasing the refrigerant vapor from the adsorbent by the adsorption refrigerator 40. The used hot water is returned to the hot water tank 304 via the hot water channel 310b.

吸着式冷凍機４０は、密閉型冷却塔４０２と、冷水タンク４０４とを備えている。吸着式冷凍機４０と密閉型冷却塔４０２とは、冷却水路４０６ａ及び４０６ｂで接続されている。吸着式冷凍機４０に冷却水路４０６ａから冷却水ポンプ４０８により冷却水が供給される。この冷却水に吸着式冷凍機４０で発生した吸着熱を吸収させる。吸着熱を吸収して加温された冷却水は冷却水路４０６ｂを通って密閉型冷却塔４０２に戻され、密閉型冷却塔４０２で再び冷却される。   The adsorption refrigerator 40 includes a hermetic cooling tower 402 and a cold water tank 404. The adsorption refrigerator 40 and the closed cooling tower 402 are connected by cooling water channels 406a and 406b. Cooling water is supplied to the adsorption refrigerator 40 by a cooling water pump 408 from a cooling water channel 406a. The cooling water absorbs the heat of adsorption generated by the adsorption refrigerator 40. The cooling water heated by absorbing the heat of adsorption passes through the cooling water passage 406b and is returned to the sealed cooling tower 402, and is cooled again by the sealed cooling tower 402.

吸着式冷凍機４０で製造された冷水は、冷水路４１０ａを通り冷水ポンプ４１２により冷水タンク４０４に貯留される。冷水タンク４０４に貯留された冷水は、管路４１６ａを通り冷水ポンプ４１８によって外気調整室２０に送られ、冷熱源として使用される。外気調整室２０で使用されて加温された冷水は、管路４１６ｂを通って冷水タンク４０４に戻される。冷水タンク４０４内の冷水は、冷水路４１０ｂから吸着式冷凍機４０に送られて再び冷却される。温水路３１０ａを流れる温水は、三方弁３１４で選択的に管路５０２に供給される。管路５０２に供給された温水は、三方弁５０４及び管路５０６を経て熱交換器２２２に温熱源として供給される。   The cold water produced by the adsorption chiller 40 passes through the cold water passage 410a and is stored in the cold water tank 404 by the cold water pump 412. The cold water stored in the cold water tank 404 passes through the pipe line 416a, is sent to the outside air adjustment chamber 20 by the cold water pump 418, and is used as a cold heat source. The chilled water used and heated in the outside air adjusting chamber 20 is returned to the chilled water tank 404 through the pipe line 416b. The cold water in the cold water tank 404 is sent from the cold water channel 410b to the adsorption refrigerator 40 and cooled again. The hot water flowing through the hot water channel 310 a is selectively supplied to the pipe line 502 by the three-way valve 314. The hot water supplied to the pipe line 502 is supplied as a heat source to the heat exchanger 222 via the three-way valve 504 and the pipe line 506.

熱交換器２２２で温熱源として利用された後の温水は、管路５０８に排出され、管路５０８から三方弁５１０及び管路５１２に戻される。そして、三方弁５１４で選択的に、管路５１６及び３１０ｂを経て温水タンク３０４に戻されるか、あるいは管路５１８及び冷却水路４０６ｂを経て、密閉型冷却塔４０２に戻される。   The hot water after being used as a heat source in the heat exchanger 222 is discharged to the pipe 508 and returned to the three-way valve 510 and the pipe 512 from the pipe 508. Then, the three-way valve 514 selectively returns to the hot water tank 304 via the pipes 516 and 310b, or returns to the sealed cooling tower 402 via the pipe 518 and the cooling water path 406b.

冷水タンク４０４に貯留された冷水は、冷水路４１６ａから冷水ポンプ４１８によって三方弁５０４に送られる。そして、三方弁５０４から管路５０６を経て熱交換器２２２に冷熱源として供給される。熱交換器２２２で冷熱源として利用された後の冷水は、管路５０８、三方弁５１０及び冷水路４１６ｂを経て冷水タンク４０４に戻される。   The cold water stored in the cold water tank 404 is sent to the three-way valve 504 by the cold water pump 418 from the cold water channel 416a. Then, the heat is supplied from the three-way valve 504 to the heat exchanger 222 through the conduit 506 as a cold heat source. The cold water after being used as a cold heat source in the heat exchanger 222 is returned to the cold water tank 404 via the pipe line 508, the three-way valve 510, and the cold water path 416b.

本実施形態の温室用空気調和装置１はかかる構成を有し、以下、この温室用空気調和装置１を用いて、第１の本発明方法の一実施形態に係る運転方法を行なう場合を図２に基づいて説明する。図２は、夏など気温が高い季節であって、太陽熱集熱装置３０を利用可能な晴れた昼間に、温室１０を冷房する場合の運転方法である。   The greenhouse air conditioner 1 of this embodiment has such a configuration. Hereinafter, the operation method according to the embodiment of the first method of the present invention is performed using the greenhouse air conditioner 1 shown in FIG. Based on FIG. 2 shows an operation method in the case where the greenhouse 10 is cooled during a sunny daytime when the solar heat collecting device 30 can be used in a season where the temperature is high such as summer.

図２において、太陽熱集熱装置３０及び吸着式冷凍機４０が稼動している。太陽熱集熱装置３０で製造された温水は、温水タンク３０４に貯留されている。温水タンク３０４に貯留された温水は、吸着式冷凍機４０に温水路３１０ａを通って供給されている。吸着式冷凍機４０では、この温水を温熱源として冷水が製造されている。吸着式冷凍機４０には、密閉型冷却塔４０２から冷却水が送られている。冷水タンク４０４に貯留された冷水は、冷水路４１６ａを通って熱交換器２２２に送られている。   In FIG. 2, the solar heat collecting device 30 and the adsorption refrigeration machine 40 are operating. Hot water produced by the solar heat collecting apparatus 30 is stored in a hot water tank 304. The warm water stored in the warm water tank 304 is supplied to the adsorption refrigerator 40 through the warm water channel 310a. In the adsorption refrigerator 40, cold water is produced using this hot water as a heat source. Cooling water is sent from the hermetic cooling tower 402 to the adsorption refrigerator 40. The cold water stored in the cold water tank 404 is sent to the heat exchanger 222 through the cold water channel 416a.

外気調整室２０の外気調整エリア２０２に、給気ファン２０６によって温室１０の排気ｂを適宜混合した外気ａを外気導入管２０８から導入する。給気ファン２０６から吐出された外気ａは、蒸発器２１４で冷却されて除湿される。蒸発器２１４で冷却された外気ａは、相対湿度が増大しており、この外気ａは、吸湿剤が内包された除湿ロータ２１８の回転板２１６を通って除湿される。外気ａは、除湿ロータ２１８を通る際に吸湿剤から発生する吸着熱により加温される。加温された外気ａは、熱交換器２２２を通って冷却される。   The outside air a obtained by appropriately mixing the exhaust b of the greenhouse 10 by the air supply fan 206 is introduced from the outside air introduction pipe 208 into the outside air adjustment area 202 of the outside air adjustment chamber 20. The outside air a discharged from the air supply fan 206 is cooled by the evaporator 214 and dehumidified. The outside air a cooled by the evaporator 214 has an increased relative humidity, and the outside air a is dehumidified through the rotating plate 216 of the dehumidifying rotor 218 containing the moisture absorbent. The outside air a is heated by the adsorption heat generated from the moisture absorbent when passing through the dehumidifying rotor 218. The heated outside air a is cooled through the heat exchanger 222.

熱交換器２２２で冷却された外気ａは、加湿器２２４でその湿度を調整される。こうして、温度及び湿度を調整された調整外気ｂは、調整外気導入管２２６から温室１０に供給される。なお、図２中に示された温度、湿度及び外気ａの供給量は、運転の一例を示す。また、図中、破線で示した管路は、使用されない管路であることを示す。
ダクト１０２に供給された調整外気ｂは、植物台１０４を通って、植物台１０４の上面に穿設された多数の開口から排出される。こうして、調整外気ｂが栽培植物Ｐの周囲を囲むように集中排気される。 The humidity of the outside air a cooled by the heat exchanger 222 is adjusted by the humidifier 224. Thus, the adjusted outside air b whose temperature and humidity are adjusted is supplied from the adjusted outside air introduction pipe 226 to the greenhouse 10. In addition, the supply amount of temperature, humidity, and outside air a shown in FIG. 2 shows an example of operation. Further, in the figure, the pipelines indicated by broken lines indicate pipelines that are not used.
The adjusted outside air b supplied to the duct 102 passes through the plant table 104 and is discharged from a large number of openings formed in the upper surface of the plant table 104. In this way, the adjusted outside air b is exhausted in a concentrated manner so as to surround the cultivated plant P.

除湿ロータ２１８において、吸湿剤に湿分を吸着した回転板２１６は、回転して再生エリア２０４に入る。再生エリア２０４では、再生エリア２０４に導入された外気ａが凝縮器２３２で加熱される。この加熱された外気ａに湿分を吸着した回転板２１６が曝されることで、吸湿剤から湿分が離脱する。こうして、再生された回転板２１６は、回転して外気調整エリア２０２に戻り、再び外気ａの湿分を吸着する。再生エリア２０４で、湿分を回転板２１６から離脱させた後の外気ａは、外気排出口２４２から排気ｄとして外部へ排出される。   In the dehumidifying rotor 218, the rotating plate 216 that has adsorbed moisture to the hygroscopic agent rotates and enters the reproduction area 204. In the regeneration area 204, the outside air a introduced into the regeneration area 204 is heated by the condenser 232. When the rotating plate 216 that adsorbs moisture is exposed to the heated outside air a, moisture is released from the hygroscopic agent. Thus, the regenerated rotating plate 216 rotates and returns to the outside air adjustment area 202, and again absorbs moisture of the outside air a. In the regeneration area 204, the outside air a after moisture has been removed from the rotating plate 216 is discharged to the outside as the outside air through the outside air discharge port 242.

本実施形態によれば、吸着式冷凍機４０で用いる温熱源として、太陽熱集熱装置３０で製造した温水を用い、外気調整室２０で用いる冷熱源として、吸着式冷凍機４０で製造した冷水を用いているので、必要電力量を低減でき、省エネを達成できる。
また、外気ａを除湿ロータ２１８で除湿する前に、蒸発器２１４で予冷して除湿すると共に、蒸発器２１４で冷却されて相対湿度を増大させた外気ａを、さらに除湿ロータ２１８で除湿するという２段階の除湿工程を設けているので、外気ａの除湿効果を向上できる。また、蒸発器２１４による予冷によって、外気温度がある程度変動しても、除湿ロータ２１８に供給される外気ａの温度及び湿度が一定となるので、外気変動の影響を受けにくくすることができる。 According to the present embodiment, hot water produced by the solar heat collector 30 is used as a heat source used in the adsorption refrigerator 40, and cold water produced by the adsorption refrigerator 40 is used as a cold heat source used in the outside air adjustment chamber 20. Because it is used, the required power can be reduced and energy saving can be achieved.
Further, before the outside air a is dehumidified by the dehumidifying rotor 218, it is precooled by the evaporator 214 and dehumidified, and the outside air a that has been cooled by the evaporator 214 and has increased relative humidity is further dehumidified by the dehumidifying rotor 218. Since the two-stage dehumidifying process is provided, the dehumidifying effect of the outside air a can be improved. Further, even if the outside air temperature fluctuates to some extent by the precooling by the evaporator 214, the temperature and humidity of the outside air a supplied to the dehumidification rotor 218 are constant, so that it can be made less susceptible to the influence of the outside air fluctuation.

さらに、温室１０で、栽培植物Ｐの周囲に集中して調整外気ｂを供給しているので、調整外気ｂの供給量を節減できる。また、本実施形態では、吸着式冷凍機４０で製造する冷水の温度は、さほど低温とする必要がないので、吸着式冷凍機４０のＣＯＰは低下しない。
なお、本実施形態において、蒸発器２１４と熱交換器２２２との配置を互いに入れ替えてもよい。 Furthermore, since the adjusted outside air b is supplied in the greenhouse 10 around the cultivated plant P, the supply amount of the adjusted outside air b can be reduced. Moreover, in this embodiment, since the temperature of the cold water manufactured with the adsorption-type refrigerator 40 does not need to be so low, COP of the adsorption-type refrigerator 40 does not fall.
In the present embodiment, the arrangement of the evaporator 214 and the heat exchanger 222 may be interchanged.

（実施形態２）
次に、図１に示す温室用空気調和装置１を用いて、第２の本発明の運転方法を行なった場合の第２実施形態を図３に基づいて説明する。この第２実施形態は、夏など気温が高い季節の夜間で、太陽熱集熱装置３０が作動しない場合に、温室１０の冷房除湿運転方法を行なう。
図３において、太陽熱集熱装置３０は作動しないので、吸着式冷凍機４０も作動しない。そのため、密閉型冷却塔４０２で冷却した冷却水を熱交換器２２２の冷熱源として使用する。即ち、密閉型冷却塔４０２の冷却水を、冷却水ポンプ４０８によって、冷却水路４０６ａ、三方弁４１４、管路５２０、三方弁５０４及び管路５０６を経て、熱交換器２２２に供給する。 (Embodiment 2)
Next, 2nd Embodiment at the time of performing the operating method of 2nd this invention using the air conditioning apparatus 1 for greenhouses shown in FIG. 1 is described based on FIG. This 2nd Embodiment performs the air_conditioning | cooling dehumidification driving | operation method of the greenhouse 10, when the solar heat collecting device 30 does not operate | move at night of the season when temperature is high, such as summer.
In FIG. 3, since the solar heat collecting device 30 does not operate, the adsorption refrigerator 40 also does not operate. Therefore, the cooling water cooled by the sealed cooling tower 402 is used as a cooling heat source for the heat exchanger 222. That is, the cooling water of the closed cooling tower 402 is supplied to the heat exchanger 222 by the cooling water pump 408 through the cooling water passage 406 a, the three-way valve 414, the pipe 520, the three-way valve 504, and the pipe 506.

外気調整室２０では、外気調整室２０に導入した外気ａを蒸発器２１４で冷却して除湿する。冷却されて相対湿度が増大した外気ａを除湿ロータ２１８でさらに除湿する。除湿ロータ２１８を通って吸着熱で加温された外気ａを熱交換器２２２で冷却する。熱交換器２２２で冷却された外気ａを加湿器２２４で湿度調整をした後、調整外気供給管２２６から温室１０に供給する。なお、図３中に示された温度、湿度及び外気ａの供給量は、運転の一例を示す。また、図中、破線で示した管路は、使用されない管路であることを示す。   In the outside air adjustment chamber 20, the outside air a introduced into the outside air adjustment chamber 20 is cooled by the evaporator 214 and dehumidified. The outside air a, which has been cooled and has increased relative humidity, is further dehumidified by the dehumidifying rotor 218. The outside air a heated by the adsorption heat through the dehumidifying rotor 218 is cooled by the heat exchanger 222. The outside air a cooled by the heat exchanger 222 is adjusted in humidity by the humidifier 224 and then supplied to the greenhouse 10 from the adjusted outside air supply pipe 226. In addition, the supply amount of temperature, humidity, and outside air a shown in FIG. 3 shows an example of operation. Further, in the figure, the pipelines indicated by broken lines indicate pipelines that are not used.

本実施形態によれば、第１実施形態で得られる作用効果に加えて、太陽熱集熱装置３０及び吸着式冷凍機４０が稼動しない夜間でも、密閉型冷却塔４０２の冷却水を冷熱源として使用することにより、外気ａの冷却が可能になる。   According to the present embodiment, in addition to the operational effects obtained in the first embodiment, the cooling water of the enclosed cooling tower 402 is used as a cold heat source even at night when the solar heat collecting device 30 and the adsorption refrigeration machine 40 do not operate. By doing so, the outside air a can be cooled.

（実施形態３）
次に、図１に示す温室用空気調和装置１を用いて、第３の本発明の運転方法を行なった場合の第３実施形態を図４に基づいて説明する。この第３実施形態は、冬等気温が低い季節であって、晴れて太陽熱集熱装置３０が稼動する昼間に、温室１０の暖房除湿運転方法を行なう場合である。 (Embodiment 3)
Next, 3rd Embodiment at the time of performing the operating method of 3rd this invention using the greenhouse air conditioner 1 shown in FIG. 1 is described based on FIG. The third embodiment is a case where the heating and dehumidifying operation method of the greenhouse 10 is performed in the daytime when the solar heat collecting apparatus 30 is operated in a sunny season when the temperature is low such as winter.

図４において、本実施形態では、外気導入管２０７への外気ａの導入を止め、温室１０の排気ｂをそのまま外部へ排気する。そして、ヒートポンプ装置２１２を休止させる。また、扉２４０を開放し、外気導入口２２８から導入した外気ａを扉２４０の開口２４１を通して外気調整エリア２０２に向う外気流Ａを形成させるようにする。このとき、外気流Ａと除湿ロータ２１８との間を仕切り板２４４で遮蔽する。
この状態で、太陽熱集熱装置３０を稼動させ、温水を製造する。製造した温水を温水タンク３０４に貯留する。温水タンク３０４に貯留した温水を、管路３１０ａ、三方弁３１４、管路５０２、三方弁５０４及び管路５０６を経て熱交換器２２２に供給する。 In FIG. 4, in the present embodiment, the introduction of the outside air a into the outside air introduction pipe 207 is stopped, and the exhaust b of the greenhouse 10 is exhausted to the outside as it is. Then, the heat pump device 212 is suspended. Further, the door 240 is opened, and the outside air a introduced from the outside air introduction port 228 is caused to form the outside air flow A toward the outside air adjustment area 202 through the opening 241 of the door 240. At this time, the partition plate 244 shields between the external airflow A and the dehumidifying rotor 218.
In this state, the solar heat collector 30 is operated to produce hot water. The produced hot water is stored in the hot water tank 304. Hot water stored in the hot water tank 304 is supplied to the heat exchanger 222 via the pipe line 310 a, the three-way valve 314, the pipe line 502, the three-way valve 504 and the pipe line 506.

再生ファン２３０で再生エリア２０４に導入された外気ａは、開口２４１から外気流Ａとなって、外気調整エリア２０２に向い、熱交換器２２２の上流側に到達する。そして、熱交換器２２２で加温され、その後、加湿器２２４で湿度調整される。加湿器２２４を出た調整外気ｂは、調整外気供給管２２６から温室１０に供給される。
熱交換器２２２で温熱源として供された温水は、管路５０８、三方弁５１０、管路５１２、三方弁５１４、及び管路５１６、３１０ｂを通って温水タンク３０４に戻される。なお、図４中に示された温度、湿度及び外気ａの供給量は、運転の一例を示す。また、図中、破線で示した管路は、使用されない管路であることを示す。 The outside air a introduced into the regeneration area 204 by the regeneration fan 230 becomes the outside air flow A from the opening 241, travels toward the outside air adjustment area 202, and reaches the upstream side of the heat exchanger 222. And it heats with the heat exchanger 222, and humidity is adjusted with the humidifier 224 after that. The adjusted outside air b exiting the humidifier 224 is supplied to the greenhouse 10 from the adjusted outside air supply pipe 226.
The hot water provided as a heat source in the heat exchanger 222 is returned to the hot water tank 304 through the pipe 508, the three-way valve 510, the pipe 512, the three-way valve 514, and the pipes 516 and 310b. In addition, the supply amount of temperature, humidity, and outside air a shown in FIG. 4 shows an example of operation. Further, in the figure, the pipelines indicated by broken lines indicate pipelines that are not used.

本実施形態によれば、暖房運転の温熱源を太陽熱集熱装置３０で製造した温水から得ることができる。そして、他の機器類を稼動させないので、必要エネルギーの大部分を太陽熱エネルギーで賄うことができる。 According to this embodiment, the heat source for heating operation can be obtained from the hot water produced by the solar heat collecting device 30. And since other equipment is not operated, most of required energy can be covered with solar thermal energy.

（実施形態４）
次に、図１に示す温室用空気調和装置１を用いて、第４の本発明の運転方法を行なった場合の第４実施形態を図５に基づいて説明する。この第４実施形態は、冬等気温が低い季節の夜間に、温室１０の暖房除湿運転を行なう場合である。
図５において、本実施形態では、夜間運転であるため、太陽熱集熱装置３０が稼動しない。そして、温室用空気調和装置１のその他の状態は、第３実施形態と同一の状態となっている。 (Embodiment 4)
Next, 4th Embodiment at the time of performing the operating method of 4th this invention using the greenhouse air conditioner 1 shown in FIG. 1 is described based on FIG. This 4th Embodiment is a case where the heating dehumidification operation of the greenhouse 10 is performed at night of the season when temperature is low, such as winter.
In FIG. 5, in this embodiment, since it is night driving | operation, the solar-heat collecting device 30 does not operate | move. And the other state of the greenhouse air conditioner 1 is the same state as 3rd Embodiment.

本実施形態では、昼間に太陽熱集熱装置３０を稼動させ、温水を温水タンク３０４に十分貯留させておく。その温水を熱交換器２２２の温熱源として使用する。そして、第３実施形態と同様に、外気導入口２２８から再生エリア２０４に導入した外気ａを扉２４０を開放した開口２４１から外気調整エリア２０２に導入し、熱交換器２２２で加温する。熱交換器２２２で加温した外気ａを加湿器２２４で湿度調整した後、調整外気ｂとして温室１０に供給する。   In the present embodiment, the solar heat collecting device 30 is operated during the daytime, and the hot water is sufficiently stored in the hot water tank 304. The hot water is used as a heat source for the heat exchanger 222. Then, as in the third embodiment, the outside air a introduced into the regeneration area 204 from the outside air introduction port 228 is introduced into the outside air adjustment area 202 through the opening 241 that opens the door 240 and heated by the heat exchanger 222. The outside air a heated by the heat exchanger 222 is adjusted in humidity by the humidifier 224 and then supplied to the greenhouse 10 as the adjusted outside air b.

本実施形態によれば、夜間でも昼間太陽熱集熱装置３０で得た温熱源を用いて暖房除湿運転が可能になる。このように、太陽熱エネルギーを用いるため、必要電力量を節減できると共に、他の機器類を稼動させないので、必要エネルギーの大部分を太陽熱エネルギーで賄うことができる。   According to the present embodiment, the heating and dehumidifying operation can be performed using the heat source obtained by the daytime solar heat collecting device 30 even at night. As described above, since the solar thermal energy is used, the required electric energy can be reduced and other devices are not operated. Therefore, most of the necessary energy can be covered by the solar thermal energy.

（実施形態５）
次に、図１に示す温室用空気調和装置１を用いて、第５の本発明の運転方法を行なった場合の第５実施形態を図６に基づいて説明する。この第５実施形態は、長期の天候不順等により太陽光エネルギーの利用が全くできない時に、温室１０の暖房運転方法を行なう場合である。 (Embodiment 5)
Next, 5th Embodiment at the time of performing the operating method of 5th this invention using the greenhouse air conditioner 1 shown in FIG. 1 is described based on FIG. The fifth embodiment is a case where the heating operation method of the greenhouse 10 is performed when sunlight energy cannot be used at all due to long-term weather irregularities.

図６において、本実施形態では、ヒートポンプ装置２１２を稼動させる。そして、外気導入口２２８から再生ファン２３０により再生エリア２０４に外気ａを導入する。再生エリア２０４に導入した外気ａを凝縮器２３２で加温する。凝縮器２３２で加温した外気ａを扉２４０を開放した開口２４１から外気調整エリア２０２に導入する。外気調整エリア２０２に導入した外気ａを、必要に応じ加湿器２２４で湿度調整して、温室１０に供給する。   In FIG. 6, in this embodiment, the heat pump apparatus 212 is operated. Then, outside air a is introduced into the reproduction area 204 from the outside air introduction port 228 by the reproduction fan 230. The outside air a introduced into the regeneration area 204 is heated by the condenser 232. The outside air a heated by the condenser 232 is introduced into the outside air adjustment area 202 from the opening 241 that opens the door 240. The humidity of the outside air a introduced into the outside air adjustment area 202 is adjusted by the humidifier 224 as necessary, and supplied to the greenhouse 10.

一方、扉２２０を開放して、外気調整エリア２０２を外部に開放すると共に、除湿ロータ２１８と蒸発器２１４間を仕切り板２４６で遮蔽しておく。そして、温室１０から排出される排気ｂの一部を循環管２０８及び外気導入管２０７を介して外気調整エリア２０２に導入する。外気調整エリア２０２に導入した排気ｂを蒸発器２１４に通して蒸発器２１４のＣＯ２冷媒の蒸発熱源とする。蒸発器２１４で冷却された排気ｂを開口２２１から外部へ放出する排気流Ｂを形成させる。 On the other hand, the door 220 is opened, the outside air adjustment area 202 is opened to the outside, and the space between the dehumidifying rotor 218 and the evaporator 214 is shielded by the partition plate 246. A part of the exhaust b discharged from the greenhouse 10 is introduced into the outside air adjustment area 202 through the circulation pipe 208 and the outside air introduction pipe 207. The exhaust b introduced into the outside air adjustment area 202 is passed through the evaporator 214 and used as the evaporation heat source of the CO 2 refrigerant in the evaporator 214. An exhaust flow B for discharging the exhaust b cooled by the evaporator 214 to the outside from the opening 221 is formed.

本実施形態によれば、太陽光エネルギーを全く使えないような天候の時でも、ヒートポンプ装置２１２を稼動することによって、温室１０の暖房運転を可能にする。また、ヒートポンプ装置２１２の蒸発器２１４の熱源として温室１０の暖かい排気ｂを利用することによって、蒸発器２１４への供給熱量を確保でき、ヒートポンプ装置２１２のＣＯＰを向上できる。   According to this embodiment, heating operation of the greenhouse 10 is enabled by operating the heat pump device 212 even in the weather where no solar energy can be used. Further, by using the warm exhaust b of the greenhouse 10 as a heat source of the evaporator 214 of the heat pump device 212, the amount of heat supplied to the evaporator 214 can be secured, and the COP of the heat pump device 212 can be improved.

次に、温室用空気調和装置１の各機器の必要動力値を図７に示す。図８に、夜間暖房時における、温室用空気調和装置１の必要動力と、従来のパッケージエアコン及び温風暖房機の合計動力との比較を示す。また、図９に、集熱面積３００ｍ２の太陽熱集熱器による１日当りの集熱量（月別）を示す。
図８から、温室用空気調和装置１の必要電力量が、従来のパッケージエアコン及び温風暖房機の合計動力より格段に少ないことがわかる。 Next, the required power value of each apparatus of the greenhouse air conditioner 1 is shown in FIG. FIG. 8 shows a comparison between the required power of the greenhouse air conditioner 1 during night heating and the total power of the conventional packaged air conditioner and hot air heater. In addition, FIG. 9 shows the amount of heat collected per day by the solar heat collector with a heat collection area of 300 m 2 (monthly).
FIG. 8 shows that the required power amount of the greenhouse air conditioner 1 is much smaller than the total power of the conventional packaged air conditioner and hot air heater.

また、図９から、温室用空気調和装置１は、月平均の太陽熱集熱量でも、暖房必要熱量の５３〜７８％を太陽熱で賄えることがわかった。月上位５位の集熱量で比較すれば、暖房負荷の略１００％を太陽熱のみで賄えることが可能になる。
このように、温室用空気調和装置１によれば、あらゆる季節で、昼夜を問わず、温室１０の安定した空調が可能になると共に、必要電力量を大幅に節減できる。 Moreover, it turned out that the air conditioning apparatus 1 for greenhouses can cover 53 to 78% of heating required calorie | heat amount with a solar heat even if it is a monthly average solar heat collecting amount. Comparing the top five monthly heat collections, it is possible to cover almost 100% of the heating load with solar heat alone.
Thus, according to the greenhouse air conditioner 1, stable air conditioning of the greenhouse 10 is possible regardless of day or night in any season, and the required amount of power can be greatly reduced.

前記実施形態では、いずれも吸着式冷凍機４０を使用した例であったが、温水タンク３０４から供給される温水の温度を上げれば、吸着式冷凍機４０の代わりに、吸収式冷凍機を使用できる。従って、前記各実施形態で、吸収式冷凍機を使用するようにしてもよい。   In each of the above embodiments, the adsorption refrigerator 40 is used. However, if the temperature of the hot water supplied from the hot water tank 304 is increased, an absorption refrigerator is used instead of the adsorption refrigerator 40. it can. Therefore, an absorption refrigerator may be used in each of the embodiments.

本発明によれば、温室の空調を全シーズンで安定して行なうことができると共に、太陽光エネルギーを利用して必要電力量を大幅に節減できる。従って、地球温暖化防止に有益である。   According to the present invention, the air conditioning of the greenhouse can be performed stably in all seasons, and the required electric energy can be greatly reduced by using solar energy. Therefore, it is useful for preventing global warming.

１ 温室用空気調和装置
１０ 温室
１０２ ダクト
１０４ 植物台
２０ 外気調整室
２０ａ 隔壁
２０２ 外気調整エリア
２０４ 再生エリア
２０５ 仕切り壁
２０６，２１８ 外気導入口
２０７ 外気導入管
２０８ 循環管
２１０ 給気ファン
２１２ ヒートポンプ装置
２１４ 蒸発器
２１６ 回転板
２１８ 除湿ロータ
２２０，２４０ 扉
２２１，２４１ 開口
２２２ 熱交換器
２２４ 加湿器
２２６ 調整外気供給管
２３０ 再生ファン
２３２ 凝縮器
２３４ ＣＯ２冷媒循環路
２３６ 圧縮機
２３８ 膨脹弁
２４２ 外気排出口
２４４，２４６ 仕切り板
３０ 太陽熱集熱装置
３０２ 集熱器
３０４ 温水タンク
３０８ 通水ポンプ
３１２ 温水ポンプ
３１４、４１４、５０４、５１０、５１４ 三方弁
４０ 吸着式冷凍機
４０２ 密閉型冷却塔
４０４ 冷水タンク
４０８ 冷却水ポンプ
４１２，４１８ 冷水ポンプ
Ａ 外気流
Ｂ 排気流
ａ 外気
ｂ 調整外気
ｃ 排気 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Greenhouse air conditioner 10 Greenhouse 102 Duct 104 Plant stand 20 Outside air adjustment room 20a Bulkhead 202 Outside air adjustment area 204 Reproduction area 205 Partition walls 206, 218 Outside air introduction port 207 Outside air introduction pipe 208 Circulation pipe 210 Air supply fan 212 Heat pump device 214 Evaporator 216 Rotating plate 218 Dehumidification rotor 220, 240 Door 221, 241 Opening 222 Heat exchanger 224 Humidifier 226 Adjusted outside air supply pipe 230 Regeneration fan 232 Condenser 234 CO 2 Refrigerant circulation path 236 Compressor 238 Expansion valve 242 Outside air outlet 244, 246 Partition plate 30 Solar heat collector 302 Heat collector 304 Hot water tank 308 Water pump 312 Hot water pump 314, 414, 504, 510, 514 Three-way valve 40 Adsorption chiller 402 Sealed cooling tower 404 Cold water tank 408 Cooling water pump 412, 418 Chilled water pump A External air flow B Exhaust flow a External air b Adjusted external air c Exhaust

Claims (8)

太陽熱を温熱源とし、温室内に温度及び湿度を調整した外気を供給して温室の空調を行なう温室の空気調和装置において、
外気調整エリア及び外気調整エリアに並設された再生エリアを有する外気調整室と、吸湿剤を内包する回転板を備え、該回転板が該外気調整エリア及び再生エリアに跨るように配置された除湿ロータと、
蒸発器が外気調整エリアで除湿ロータの上流側又は下流側に配置されると共に、凝縮器が再生エリアで除湿ロータの上流側に配置された蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置と、
太陽熱集熱装置と、吸着式冷凍機又は吸収式冷凍機と、該吸着式冷凍機又は吸収式冷凍機に冷却水を供給する冷却塔と、外気調整エリアで除湿ロータの下流側又は上流側に配置され、太陽熱集熱装置、吸着式冷凍機、吸収式冷凍機又は冷却塔から選択的に温水又は冷水が供給される熱交換器と、を備え、
外気調整エリアで温度及び湿度を調整した外気を温室に供給するように構成したことを特徴とする温室用空気調和装置。 In a greenhouse air conditioner that uses solar heat as a heat source and supplies outside air with adjusted temperature and humidity into the greenhouse to air condition the greenhouse.
Dehumidification provided with an outside air adjustment area having an outside air adjustment area and a regeneration area arranged in parallel to the outside air adjustment area, and a rotating plate containing a hygroscopic agent, and the rotating plate is disposed so as to straddle the outside air adjusting area and the regeneration area A rotor,
A vapor compression heat pump device in which the evaporator is arranged upstream or downstream of the dehumidification rotor in the outside air adjustment area, and the condenser is arranged upstream of the dehumidification rotor in the regeneration area;
Solar heat collector, adsorption refrigerator or absorption refrigerator, cooling tower for supplying cooling water to the adsorption refrigerator or absorption refrigerator, and downstream or upstream of the dehumidification rotor in the outside air adjustment area And a heat exchanger that is selectively supplied with hot water or cold water from a solar heat collector, an adsorption refrigerator, an absorption refrigerator, or a cooling tower,
An air conditioner for a greenhouse characterized in that the outside air whose temperature and humidity are adjusted in an outside air adjustment area is supplied to the greenhouse. 外気調整エリアで除湿ロータの下流側に配置された蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の蒸発器又は熱交換器の下流側に加湿器が配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の温室用空気調和装置。   The greenhouse air according to claim 1, wherein a humidifier is arranged downstream of an evaporator or a heat exchanger of a vapor compression heat pump device arranged downstream of the dehumidifying rotor in the outside air adjustment area. Harmony device. 請求項１に記載の温室用空気調和装置を用いた運転方法において、
太陽熱集熱装置で製造した温水を吸着式冷凍機又は吸収式冷凍機に供給し、該吸着式冷凍機又は吸収式冷凍機で製造した冷水を前記熱交換器に供給する冷水供給工程と、
除湿ロータの上流側に配置された蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の蒸発器又は該熱交換器で外気を冷却して相対湿度を増大させる第１冷却工程と、
第１冷却工程で冷却された外気を除湿ロータで除湿する除湿工程と、
除湿ロータで除湿された外気を該熱交換器又は蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の蒸発器で冷却する第２冷却工程と、
第２冷却工程で温度及び湿度を調整された外気を温室に供給する外気供給工程と、
蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の凝縮器で再生エリアの外気を加熱して除湿ロータに吸着された湿分を離脱させる再生工程と、からなる昼間冷房運転を行なうことを特徴とする温室用空気調和装置の運転方法。 In the driving | operation method using the air conditioner for greenhouses of Claim 1,
A cold water supply step of supplying hot water produced by a solar heat collector to an adsorption refrigerator or absorption refrigerator, and supplying cold water produced by the adsorption refrigerator or absorption refrigerator to the heat exchanger;
A first cooling step of increasing the relative humidity by cooling the outside air with the evaporator of the vapor compression heat pump device arranged on the upstream side of the dehumidification rotor or the heat exchanger;
A dehumidifying step of dehumidifying the outside air cooled in the first cooling step with a dehumidifying rotor;
A second cooling step of cooling the outside air dehumidified by the dehumidification rotor with the heat exchanger or the evaporator of the vapor compression heat pump device;
An outside air supplying step of supplying outside air whose temperature and humidity are adjusted in the second cooling step to the greenhouse;
A regenerating process of heating the outside air in the regeneration area with a condenser of a vapor compression heat pump device to remove moisture adsorbed on the dehumidification rotor, and performing a daytime cooling operation, how to drive. 前記冷水供給工程で、吸着式冷凍機又は吸収式冷凍機で製造した冷水の代わりに、冷却塔で冷却した冷水を前記熱交換器に供給して夜間冷房運転を行なうことを特徴とする請求項３に記載の温室用空気調和装置の運転方法。   The cold water supply step is characterized in that cold water cooled by a cooling tower is supplied to the heat exchanger instead of cold water produced by an adsorption refrigerator or an absorption refrigerator, and nighttime cooling operation is performed. The operation method of the air conditioning apparatus for greenhouses of 3. 請求項１に記載の温室用空気調和装置を用いた運転方法において、
太陽熱集熱装置で製造した温水を前記熱交換器に供給する温水供給工程と、再生エリアに導入した外気を外気調整エリアに導き、該熱交換器で加温する加温工程と、加温された外気を温室に供給する外気供給工程と、からなる昼間暖房運転を行なうことを特徴とする温室用空気調和装置の運転方法。 In the driving | operation method using the air conditioner for greenhouses of Claim 1,
A hot water supply step of supplying hot water produced by a solar heat collector to the heat exchanger, a heating step of guiding the outside air introduced into the regeneration area to the outside air adjustment area, and heating by the heat exchanger; A method for operating an air conditioner for a greenhouse, comprising: an outside air supplying step of supplying outside air to the greenhouse, and performing daytime heating operation. 請求項１に記載の温室用空気調和装置を用いた運転方法において、
太陽熱集熱装置で製造した温水を温水タンクに貯留する温水貯留工程と、温水タンクに貯留された温水を前記熱交換器に供給する温水供給工程と、再生エリアに導入した外気を外気調整エリアに導き、該熱交換器で加温する第１加温工程と、加温された外気を温室に供給する外気供給工程と、からなる夜間暖房運転を行なうことを特徴とする温室用空気調和装置の運転方法。 In the driving | operation method using the air conditioner for greenhouses of Claim 1,
A hot water storage step of storing hot water produced by a solar heat collector in a hot water tank, a hot water supply step of supplying hot water stored in the hot water tank to the heat exchanger, and outside air introduced into the regeneration area as an outside air adjustment area An air conditioner for a greenhouse characterized by performing a night heating operation comprising: a first heating step for heating by the heat exchanger; and an outside air supply step for supplying the heated outside air to the greenhouse. how to drive. 請求項１に記載の温室用空気調和装置を用いた運転方法において、
再生エリアに導入した外気を蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の凝縮器で加温する第２加温工程と、加温された外気を温室に供給する外気供給工程と、温室から排出された排気を外気調整エリアに導入し、蒸気圧縮式ヒートポンプ装置の蒸発器で冷却する第３冷却工程と、からなる暖房運転を行なうことを特徴とする温室用空気調和装置の運転方法。 In the driving | operation method using the air conditioner for greenhouses of Claim 1,
A second heating process in which the outside air introduced into the regeneration area is heated by the condenser of the vapor compression heat pump device, an outside air supplying process in which the heated outside air is supplied to the greenhouse, and an exhaust discharged from the greenhouse is adjusted to the outside air. A method for operating a greenhouse air conditioner, comprising: performing a heating operation comprising: a third cooling step that is introduced into an area and cooled by an evaporator of a vapor compression heat pump device. 外気調整エリアで温度又は湿度を調整された外気を温室に供給する前に、加湿器で湿度調整する加湿工程を付加したことを特徴とする請求項３〜７のいずれかの項に記載の温室用空気調和装置の運転方法。   The greenhouse according to any one of claims 3 to 7, further comprising a humidifying step of adjusting humidity with a humidifier before supplying the outside air whose temperature or humidity is adjusted in the outside air adjustment area to the greenhouse. Of operating an air conditioner for a vehicle.
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