CN115486296A - Double-source coupling solar greenhouse heat collection temperature and humidity adjustment system and environment control method - Google Patents
Double-source coupling solar greenhouse heat collection temperature and humidity adjustment system and environment control method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/243—Collecting solar energy
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-source coupling solar greenhouse heat collection temperature and humidity adjustment system and an environment control method, wherein the double-source coupling solar greenhouse heat collection temperature and humidity adjustment system comprises an inner water circulation system, an outer water circulation system and a temperature and humidity adjustment system, wherein the inner water circulation system and the outer water circulation system are connected with the temperature and humidity adjustment system; the invention organically combines the functions of heat collection by utilizing greenhouse effect, water-gas heat exchange, heat collection, heating, cooling, dehumidification and the like enhanced by coupling of a water-ground source heat pump, integrates and innovatively provides a multifunctional heat collection, temperature and humidity regulation system, and simultaneously has multiple equipment functions of a wet curtain fan, an air internal circulation fan, a solar heat collector, a heat exchanger, a dehumidifier and the like. Greatly saves the investment cost and the operation cost of temperature and humidity control of the greenhouse.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of greenhouse control devices, in particular to a double-source coupling solar greenhouse heat collection, temperature adjustment and humidity adjustment system and an environment control method.
Background
The gardening greenhouse occupies huge space and area, the difficulty and cost are high, environmental pollution and too high greenhouse gas emission are caused by heating and regulating the environment through consuming coal, natural gas and electric power, 35% of the energy consumption of agricultural production in every year in the world is used for heating the greenhouse, and the greenhouse environment regulation cost accounts for 15% -40% of the total greenhouse production cost.
The invention 201910573039.5 provides an intelligent greenhouse utilizing greenhouse effect heat collection and fan coil heat exchange and a ring control method. But the dehumidification function is not involved, the dehumidification of the original scheme mainly depends on the same method of the traditional greenhouse to carry out gap ventilation, the ventilation can also cause convection of cold and hot air indoors and outdoors, heat dissipation, and the risk of overhigh humidity still exists indoors during the period of no ventilation. Although the strength at night is greatly reduced, the transpiration of plants is carried out all day and night, the contradiction between humidity control and temperature control at night is prominent, and passive ventilation and dehumidification are the dehumidification modes commonly adopted in the current automatic control heating greenhouses. Reducing the air temperature by introducing low temperature air with low outside moisture content into the greenhouse must be done at the expense of reduced temperature and heat loss from the air flow inside and outside, and because of the use of gap ventilation, there is still a risk of diseases being induced locally in the greenhouse and over time due to excessive humidity. When cold tides, continuous overcast and rainy rain and even snowfall occur, the utilization of solar energy is also influenced, and an additional heat source is required to be supplemented in time. When the water-gas heat exchanger is used, the heat exchange efficiency is reduced due to the reduction of temperature difference. The solar energy is dispersed, the area and the volume of the greenhouse are huge, the huge heat collection area is also required, enough solar energy is collected to match the huge heat dissipation area and the heat dissipation capacity of the greenhouse, the solar energy is utilized to solve a series of problems of coping with adverse environmental conditions and realizing the maximization of the production potential of crops by taking the solar energy as a main energy source instead of solving the heating problem. Therefore, the invention provides a double-source coupling solar greenhouse heat collection, temperature adjustment and humidity adjustment system and an environment control method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a double-source coupling solar greenhouse heat collection, temperature and humidity adjustment system and an environment control method for solving the problems.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a solar greenhouse double-source coupling heat collection temperature and humidity regulation and control system comprises an inner water circulation system, an outer water circulation system and a temperature and humidity regulation and control system, wherein the inner water circulation system and the outer water circulation system are connected with the temperature and humidity regulation and control system;
the temperature and humidity regulation and control system comprises a water-ground source heat pump 1, a water-gas heat exchanger 2 and a fan 3 which are arranged in the greenhouse, wherein the tube side of the water-gas heat exchanger 2 is connected with the shell side of an evaporator of the water-ground source heat pump 1, the fan 3 is arranged at the front end of the water-gas heat exchanger 2 and absorbs air in the greenhouse to form an air port through the water-gas heat exchanger 2, and the rear end of the water-gas heat exchanger 2 is an air inlet;
the internal water circulation system comprises a cold water tank 4 and a hot water tank 5 which are arranged on the ground or underground in the greenhouse, the hot water tank 5 is arranged above the cold water tank 4 and is communicated with the cold water tank 4, the hot water tank 5 is connected with the tube side of the water-gas heat exchanger 2 through a pipeline, is connected with the shell side of the evaporator through a pipeline, and is connected with the shell side of the condenser through a pipeline; the cold water tank 4 is connected with the tube side 2 of the water-gas heat exchanger through a pipeline, connected with the shell side of the evaporator through a pipeline and communicated with the shell side of the condenser through a pipeline;
outer water circulating system is including installing rainwater collecting pit 6 outside the big-arch shelter and installing humidification device 7 in the big-arch shelter, and humidification device 7 installs the end of blowing at the front side of fan 3, including spray piping, fin and water catch bowl, and spray piping sets up directly over the fin, and the water catch bowl setting is connected with the gutter of big-arch shelter and communicates with rainwater collecting pit 6 under the fin, and rainwater collecting pit 6 passes through the pipeline to be connected with spray piping, is connected with the tube side of aqueous vapor heat exchanger 2 through the pipeline.
Further, the temperature and humidity regulation and control system is provided with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an illumination sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor.
Furthermore, a black base film is laid at the bottom of the rainwater collecting pool 6.
Further, solar greenhouse double-source coupling thermal-arrest temperature and humidity regulation and control system, its characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following control methods:
A. heat collection and temperature reduction: the rainwater collection pool 6 conveys cold water to the water vapor heat exchanger 2, the fan 3 is started to enable high-temperature air to pass through the water vapor heat exchanger 2, the high-temperature air is subjected to heat exchange with the cold water in the tube side of the water vapor heat exchanger 2 through the water vapor heat exchanger 2 and then blows cold air out of the fan 3, and meanwhile the cold water in the water vapor heat exchanger 2 is heated and enters the hot water tank 5 to preserve heat and store heat;
B. enhancing heat collection and cooling: when the ground source heat pump 1 is started, cold water in the cold water tank 4 or the rainwater collecting pool 6 enters the shell side of the evaporator of the ground source heat pump 1, and enters the water vapor heat exchanger 2 for circulating heat exchange after being heated in heat exchange with a refrigerant in the evaporator, meanwhile, hot water in the water vapor heat exchanger 2 enters the shell side of the condenser of the ground source heat pump 1 through the hot water tank 5 and returns to the hot water tank 5 after being subjected to heat exchange with the refrigerant in the condenser, so that the cold water is cooler, the hot water is hotter, the water vapor heat exchanger 2 reduces the temperature of fluid in the heat exchange tube of the water vapor heat exchanger 2 through circulating heat exchange with the evaporator, so that the heat exchange temperature difference of water vapor heat exchange is increased, the fan 3 is started, high-temperature air passes through the water vapor heat exchanger 2, and the high-temperature air is subjected to heat exchange with the cold water in the tube side of the water vapor heat exchanger 2 and then is blown out of the fan 3;
C. heat collection, temperature reduction and humidification: the greenhouse is closed, on the basis of the mode A, the rainwater collecting pool 6 supplies water to a spray pipe of the humidifying device 7, and the air blown out by the fan 3 blows the water vapor into the greenhouse through the humidifying device 7 to cool and humidify and collect heat;
D. cooling and humidifying: opening the greenhouse, closing the carbon dioxide gas fertilizer valve rainwater collecting pool 6 to supply water to a spray pipe of the humidifying device 7, circularly exchanging air between the fan 3 and air inside and outside the greenhouse for cooling, blowing the air sucked by the fan 3 to the humidifying device 7 after passing through the water vapor heat exchanger 2 to blow water vapor into the greenhouse for humidification, and simultaneously cooling by evaporating water on the surface of fins;
E. dehumidification and heating: the method comprises the steps that a fan 3 is started for the closed greenhouse, a water ground source heat pump 1 is started, cold water is conveyed to a water vapor heat exchanger 2 by a rainwater collection pool 6 or a cold water tank 4, the cold water is conveyed to a condenser by the cold water tank 4 to exchange heat and then enters a hot water tank 5, the water vapor heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat with an evaporator in a circulating manner, cold water in the water vapor heat exchanger 2 absorbs heat by the evaporator to generate supercooled water and returns to the water vapor heat exchanger 2, the fan 3 exhausts air to enable low-temperature air to pass through the water vapor heat exchanger 2, the water vapor is liquefied by the supercooled water after the humid low-temperature air passes through the water vapor heat exchanger 2, the low-temperature air is dehumidified, and when the humidity of the greenhouse is reduced to about 70%, the greenhouse is heated through a mode A or a mode B, and the warm drying in the greenhouse is achieved;
F. enhancing and heating at night: the rear end of a water-gas exchanger of the reverse starting ground source heat pump 1 is provided with a condenser, an electromagnetic valve is closed after a cold water tank 4 conveys cold water to a water-gas heat exchanger 2, a hot water tank 5 exchanges heat with hot water conveyed to an evaporator and then enters the cold water tank 4, the water-gas heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat with the condenser, the cold water in the water-gas heat exchanger 2 enters the water-gas heat exchanger 2 again after being heated by the condenser, a fan 3 is started to enable low-temperature air to pass through the water-gas heat exchanger 2, and the low-temperature air is blown out of the fan 3 to heat the greenhouse after being exchanged heat by the water-gas heat exchanger 2;
G. heating by external cold energy: the rainwater collecting pool 6 is used for conveying supercooled water to the water-gas heat exchanger 2, the rear end of the water-gas heat exchanger 2 of the water ground source heat pump 1 is reversely started to be a condenser, the hot water tank 5 is used for conveying hot water to an evaporator for heat exchange and then enters the cold water tank 4, the water-gas heat exchanger 2 is used for circularly exchanging heat with the condenser, the supercooled water in the water-gas heat exchanger 2 is heated after being discharged by the condenser, the water-gas heat exchanger 2 is used for re-entering the water-gas heat exchanger 2, the fan 3 is started to enable low-temperature air to pass through the water-gas heat exchanger 2, and warm air is blown out from the fan 3 to heat the greenhouse after the low-temperature air passes through the water-gas heat exchanger 2 for heat exchange.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the greenhouse effect is utilized for heat collection, and the functions of temperature and humidity collection, heating, cooling, dehumidification and the like are realized through the coupling of the water-gas heat exchange and the water-gas heat pump, so that the investment cost and the operation cost of temperature and humidity regulation of the greenhouse are saved, the water-gas heat pump and the water-gas heat exchanger are mutually cooperated and complementary in advantages, the temperature difference between air and the water-gas heat exchanger is increased both at day and night, the heat collection and heat exchange efficiency is increased, the heating and dehumidification capabilities of the system are improved at night, and the coupling effect is obvious; the invention organically combines the solar energy utilization and the water body cold energy utilization, mainly uses the solar energy and secondarily uses the water body cold energy, thereby overcoming the defects of the dispersibility and the instability of the solar energy, and also avoiding the problems of well digging, underground water exploitation, excessive water body temperature change and the like which are harmful to the environment and not beneficial to environmental protection; the invention is in a physically isolated closed condition in the regulation and control process, reduces the invasion chance of external plant diseases and insect pests, has very obvious physical insect-preventing and disease-preventing effects, greatly reduces the leakage of carbon dioxide gas fertilizer, improves the utilization rate of the gas fertilizer compared with the conventional greenhouse, obviously reduces the ineffective transpiration of plants, has obvious water-saving and drought-resisting effects, and improves the yield and the quality of crops.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system frame structure of a heat collection temperature and humidity control system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system layout of the heat collection temperature and humidity control system;
FIG. 3 is a control logic relationship diagram of the heat collection temperature and humidity control system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchange process of a heat collection temperature and humidity control system in a heat collection and temperature reduction mode;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange process of the enhanced heat collection and temperature reduction mode of the heat collection temperature and humidity control system;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a heat collection temperature reduction and humidification mode heat exchange process of the heat collection temperature and humidity control system;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a cooling and humidifying mode heat exchange process of the heat collection temperature and humidity control system;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a dehumidification and warming mode heat exchange process of the heat collection temperature and humidity control system;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a night enhanced heating mode heat exchange process of the heat collection temperature and humidity control system;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange process of the heat collection temperature and humidity control system in the external cold energy heating mode.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings to facilitate understanding of the skilled person.
The invention discloses a double-source coupling solar greenhouse heat collection, temperature and humidity adjustment system and an environment control method, and with reference to figures 1-10, the double-source coupling solar greenhouse heat collection, temperature and humidity adjustment system and the environment control method mainly comprise an inner water circulation system, an outer water circulation system and a temperature and humidity adjustment system, wherein the inner water circulation system and the outer water circulation system are connected with the temperature and humidity adjustment system;
the temperature and humidity regulation and control system comprises a water-ground source heat pump 1, a water-gas heat exchanger 2 and a fan 3 which are arranged in the greenhouse, wherein the tube side of the water-gas heat exchanger 2 is connected with the shell side of an evaporator of the water-ground source heat pump 1, the fan 3 is arranged at the front end of the water-gas heat exchanger 2 and absorbs air in the greenhouse to form an air port through the water-gas heat exchanger 2, and the rear end of the water-gas heat exchanger 2 is an air inlet; the ground water source heat pump 1 adopts a heat pump principle, realizes the transfer of low-level heat energy to high-level heat energy by inputting a small amount of high-level electric energy, transfers the heat energy of solar radiation in the greenhouse to a water source, extracts energy from the water source when the temperature and the humidity of the greenhouse are regulated and controlled as required, the ground water source heat pump 1 comprises a condenser, an evaporator, a compressor, an expansion valve and a four-way reversing valve, the condenser and the evaporator are sleeve type heat exchangers, the compressor compresses a gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature high-pressure gaseous state, sends the gaseous refrigerant to a tube pass of the condenser to exchange heat with cold water in a shell pass for cooling (water in the shell pass is heated), the gaseous refrigerant is changed into a medium-temperature high-pressure liquid refrigerant after cooling, is throttled by the expansion valve to be reduced into a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid mixture, absorbs the heat of hot water in the shell pass by the evaporator to be vaporized, the gaseous state is changed into a gaseous state (water in the shell pass is refrigerated), and then returns to the compressor to be continuously compressed; the four-way reversing valve changes the flow direction of the refrigerant by changing the flow channel of the refrigerant and converts the functions of a condenser and an evaporator, the fan 3 is arranged at the front end of the water-gas heat exchanger 2 to absorb air in the greenhouse and passes through the water-gas heat exchanger 2 to form an air port, the rear end of the water-gas heat exchanger 2 is an air inlet, and the air which is too high or too low in the greenhouse can be blown to the water-gas heat exchanger 2 to exchange heat and adjust the temperature;
the internal water circulation system comprises a cold water tank 4 and a hot water tank 5 which are arranged on the ground or underground in the greenhouse, the hot water tank 5 is arranged above the cold water tank 4 and is communicated with the cold water tank 4, hot water at the bottom end in the hot water tank 5 enters the cold water tank for storage after the temperature of the hot water is reduced, the hot water tank 5 is connected with a tube side of the water-gas heat exchanger 2, hot water for exchanging heat with cold air is provided for the water-gas heat exchanger 2, the hot water is connected with a shell side of the evaporator, hot water for evaporating a refrigerant is provided for the evaporator, the hot water is connected with a shell side of the condenser, and hot water can be provided for the heat exchanger after the conversion function of the four-way reversing valve; the cold water tank 4 is connected with the tube pass 2 of the water-gas heat exchanger, supplies cold water for the water-gas heat exchanger 2 to exchange heat with hot air, is connected with the shell pass of the evaporator, can supply cold water for the heat exchanger after the conversion function of the four-way reversing valve, is communicated with the shell pass of the condenser, and supplies cold water for the evaporator to liquefy refrigerant;
outer water circulating system is including installing rainwater collecting pit 6 outside the greenhouse and installing humidification device 7 in the greenhouse, humidification device 7 installs the end of blowing at the front side of fan 3, including spray piping, fin and water catch bowl, spray piping sets up directly over the fin, the water catch bowl sets up under the fin and is connected with the gutter of greenhouse and communicate with rainwater collecting pit 6, can collect the comdenstion water at fin upper and lower water and greenhouse top, the rainwater is concentrated and is realized the recovery and cyclic utilization of water resource in rainwater collecting pit 6, rainwater collecting pit 6 provides the shower water that the humidification was used through pipeline and spray piping connection, can be to aqueous vapor heat exchanger 2 through the tube side connection of pipeline and aqueous vapor heat exchanger 2, defeated water in cold water tank 4 and the hot-water tank 5, can carry the cold energy in the water source outside the canopy in the canopy.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the temperature and humidity control system is provided with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an illumination sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor, which can monitor the parameters in the greenhouse.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a black base film is laid at the bottom of the rainwater collecting tank 6 to absorb heat and enhance the heat preservation effect.
Referring to fig. 1-10, the solar greenhouse dual-source coupling heat collection temperature and humidity control system is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following control methods:
A. heat collection and temperature reduction: referring to fig. 3 and 4, when the temperature of the greenhouse is lower than the normal growth standard of the plants, in the time period of strong solar radiation in the daytime, heat collection and temperature reduction are needed: the closed greenhouse supplements carbon dioxide gas fertilizer, the rainwater collecting pool 6 is to the cold water of steam heat exchanger 2 transport, fan 3 starts to make high temperature air pass through steam heat exchanger 2, after high temperature air passes through steam heat exchanger 2 with the cold water heat transfer in the 2 tube sides of steam heat exchanger 2 after blow off cold wind from the air-out end of steam heat exchanger 2, cold water in the steam heat exchanger 2 is heated simultaneously and is passed through the pipeline and get into hot-water tank 5 and carry out heat preservation storage heat, the hot water temperature of the low side in the hot-water tank 5 drops the back and gets into cold water tank 4.
B. Enhancing heat collection and cooling: referring to fig. 3 and 5, when the temperature of the half-section cold water tank 4 and the rainwater collecting pool 6 rises gradually after the greenhouse is in the daytime, the temperature difference between the air temperature and the water temperature is too small, and when the working efficiency of the heat exchanger is too low, the heat collection and cooling needs to be enhanced: the ground source heat pump 1 is started, cold water in the cold water tank 4 or the rainwater collection pool 6 enters the shell pass of the evaporator of the ground source heat pump 1, the cold water exchanges heat with a refrigerant in the evaporator and then enters the steam heat exchanger 2 for circulating heat exchange, meanwhile, hot water in the steam heat exchanger 2 enters the shell pass of the condenser of the ground source heat pump 1 through the hot water tank 5 and then returns to the hot water tank 5 after exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the condenser, the cold water is cooler, the hot water is hotter, the steam heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat with the evaporator in a circulating manner, the temperature of fluid in a heat exchange tube of the steam heat exchanger 2 is reduced, so that the heat exchange temperature difference of steam heat exchange is increased, the water in the steam heat exchanger 2 can only exchange heat with the evaporator for internal circulation, and can also be partially mixed and flow back to the cold water tank 4, on the premise that the temperature difference is guaranteed, the load of the ground source heat pump 1 can be reduced, the fan 3 enables high-temperature air to pass through the steam heat exchanger 2, and the high-temperature air is blown out of the fan 3 after exchanging heat with the cold water in the tube pass through the water in the steam heat exchanger 2 and the tube pass through the steam heat exchanger 2, so as to cool the greenhouse.
C. Heat collection, temperature reduction and humidification: referring to fig. 3 and 6, under the condition that the big-arch shelter need be heated night, in the very strong period of solar radiation daytime, when the cooling demand is very high, need carry out thermal-arrest cooling humidification: the greenhouse is sealed, carbon dioxide gas fertilizer is supplemented, on the basis of the embodiment 1, water is sent to a spray pipe of the humidifying device 7 through the pipe m, and the air blown out by the fan 3 blows water vapor into the greenhouse through the water-vapor heat exchanger 2 and the humidifying device 7 in sequence to cool and humidify the greenhouse and collect heat at the same time.
D. Cooling and humidifying: referring to fig. 3 and 7, the temperature is higher in daytime, and the temperature is reduced and humidified when the temperature is not required to be heated at night: the greenhouse is opened, the carbon dioxide gas fertilizer valve is closed, the humidification mode is started, the rainwater collecting pool 6 sends water to the spray pipeline of the humidification device 7, the fan 3 and the air inside and outside the greenhouse are circulated to change air and cool, the extracted air is blown to the humidification device 7 through the water-gas heat exchanger 2 to blow water vapor into the greenhouse for humidification, and meanwhile, the water vapor on the surface of fins is evaporated to cool.
E. Dehumidification and heating: referring to fig. 3 and 8, when the temperature at night is lower than the optimal temperature at night for plant growth and the humidity is high, dehumidification and heating are needed, a fan 3 is started in the closed greenhouse, a water ground source heat pump 1 is started, cold water is conveyed to a water vapor heat exchanger 2 by a rainwater collection pool 6 or a cold water tank 4, the cold water is conveyed to a condenser by the cold water tank 4 for heat exchange, then the cold water enters a hot water tank 5, the water vapor heat exchanger 2 performs circulating heat exchange with an evaporator, cold water in the water vapor heat exchanger 2 is absorbed by the evaporator to generate supercooled water, then the supercooled water enters the water vapor heat exchanger 2, the fan 3 exhausts air to enable low-temperature air to pass through the water vapor heat exchanger 2, then the water vapor is liquefied by the supercooled water, the low-temperature air is dehumidified, when the humidity of the greenhouse is reduced to about 70%, the water ground source heat pump 1 is stopped again, the greenhouse is heated through a mode a or a mode B, and warm and dry in the greenhouse are achieved.
F. Enhancing and heating at night: referring to fig. 3 and 9, when the heat collection is small in cloudy days in the daytime, or the temperature of the hot water tank 5 is decreased in the latter half night, and the temperature difference of water is too small, the heating needs to be enhanced: the rear end of a water-ground source heat pump water-gas heat exchanger 2 is reversely started through a four-way reversing valve, a condenser is arranged at the rear end of the water-ground source heat pump water-gas heat exchanger 2, cold water is conveyed to a water-vapor heat exchanger 2 by a cold water tank 4, a hot water tank 5 conveys hot water to an evaporator for heat exchange and then enters the cold water tank 4, the water-vapor heat exchanger 2 circularly exchanges heat with the condenser 12, cold water in the water-vapor heat exchanger 2 is heated by the heat released by the condenser 12 and then enters the water-vapor heat exchanger 2 again, a fan 3 is started to enable low-temperature air to pass through the water-vapor heat exchanger 2, warm air is blown out of the fan 3 after the low-temperature air passes through the water-vapor heat exchanger 2 for heat exchange to heat a greenhouse, the fluid temperature in the heat exchange tube of the water-vapor heat exchanger 2 is increased, the water-gas heat exchange temperature difference is enhanced, the energy conversion efficiency of the heat exchanger is guaranteed to be at a higher level, and the air outlet temperature and the heating capacity of the heat exchanger are improved.
G. Heating by external cold energy: referring to fig. 3 and 10, when the solar heat collection is insufficient in the case of continuous rainy weather or extremely low temperature, the external cold energy heating is required: rainwater collecting pit 6 carries subcooled water to aqueous vapor heat exchanger 2 through the pipeline, reverse start water ground source heat pump (2 rear ends of aqueous vapor heat exchanger are the condenser), hot-water tank 5 carries hot water to the evaporimeter, get into cold water storage cistern 4 after the heat transfer, aqueous vapor heat exchanger 2 and condenser circulation heat transfer, subcooled water in the aqueous vapor heat exchanger 2 gets into aqueous vapor heat exchanger 2 again after the condenser is exothermic and is heated, fan 3 starts to make low temperature air pass through aqueous vapor heat exchanger 2, low temperature air blows off warm braw from fan 3 after through 2 heat exchanges of aqueous vapor heat exchanger and heats the big-arch shelter, the cold energy in rainwater collecting pit 6 is carried to heat preservation water tank 5 or is directly used for the greenhouse to heat under this mode aqueous vapor heat exchanger 2 and the condenser heat transfer.
Example 1: production of cut flower rose
When weather forecast indicates that the recent night temperature is lower than 12 ℃, 9% after sunrise: 00 the greenhouse is closed, the heat collection and cooling mode (embodiment 1) is started, the water temperature of the heat preservation water tank is continuously increased to 20-25 ℃, and the enhanced heat collection mode (embodiment 2) is started when the temperature is about two points in the afternoon. When the temperature of the greenhouse is reduced to 12 ℃ at night, the heating mode is started, when the temperature is 12 hours in the morning, the indoor humidity is higher than 88%, and at the moment, if the outside air temperature is higher than 8 ℃, the window is opened for ventilation and moisture removal. Active dehumidification was used when the air temperature was below 8 c, even when windowing might cause freezing (example 5). Namely, the water source heat pump is reversely started, and the wind speed of the fan is reduced. Cold water at the cold end of the cold water tank is changed into cold water at the temperature of 7 ℃ after passing through the water ground source heat pump, then the cold water flows into the water-gas heat exchanger to cause surrounding air to be supercooled and separated out, the temperature of the greenhouse is raised after being reduced for a short time, and the humidity is reduced. And when the temperature of the water in the heat preservation water tank is too low in the later midnight, the ground source heat pump is started to raise the temperature, and the heating capacity is kept (embodiment 6). When short-term rainy weather or cloudy weather occurs, the heating capacity is kept by using the ground source heat pump to heat the external water body or soil (example 7). The intelligent and diversified regulation and control of the system can be realized. The yield can be improved by 90-120% compared with the yield obtained by non-heating cultivation by adding carbon dioxide for fertilization. The flowers become bigger, the fresh weight is increased, and the grade is improved.
Example 2: production of infinitely productive tomatoes
When weather forecast indicates that the recent night temperature is lower than 15 ℃, 9% after sunrise: 00 the greenhouse is closed, the heat collection and cooling mode (embodiment 1) is started, the water temperature of the heat preservation water tank is continuously increased to 20-25 ℃, and the enhanced heat collection mode (embodiment 2) is started when the temperature is about two points in the afternoon. When the air humidity is too low in daytime and the closed greenhouse is difficult to cool, the enhanced heat collection mode and the cooling and heating mode are started simultaneously (embodiment 4). When the temperature of the greenhouse is reduced to 15 ℃ at night, the heating mode is started, when the temperature is 12 hours in the morning, the indoor humidity is higher than 88%, and at the moment, if the outside air temperature is higher than 8 ℃, the window is opened for ventilation and moisture removal. Active dehumidification was used when the air temperature was below 8 c, even when windowing might cause freezing (example 5). Namely, the water source heat pump is reversely started, and the wind speed of the fan is reduced. Cold water at the cold end of the cold water tank is changed into cold water at the temperature of 7 ℃ after passing through the water ground source heat pump, then the cold water flows into the water-gas heat exchanger to cause surrounding air to be supercooled and separated out, the temperature of the greenhouse is raised after being reduced for a short time, and the humidity is reduced. And when the temperature of the water in the heat preservation water tank is too low in the later midnight, the ground source heat pump is started to raise the temperature, and the heating capacity is kept (embodiment 6). When short-term rainy weather or cloudy weather occurs, the heating capacity is kept by using the ground source heat pump to heat the external water body or soil (example 7). The intelligent and diversified regulation and control of the system can be realized. And adding carbon dioxide for fertilization. The tomato yield can be increased to 50-80kg/m2, and annual high-efficiency production is realized.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A solar greenhouse double-source coupling heat collection temperature and humidity regulation and control system is characterized in that: comprises an inner water circulation system, an outer water circulation system and a temperature and humidity regulation system, wherein the inner water circulation system and the outer water circulation system are connected with the temperature and humidity regulation system; the temperature and humidity regulation and control system comprises a water-ground source heat pump (1), a water-gas heat exchanger (2) and a fan (3) which are arranged in the greenhouse, wherein the tube side of the water-gas heat exchanger (2) is connected with the evaporator shell side of the water-ground source heat pump (1), the fan (3) is arranged at the front end of the water-gas heat exchanger (2) and absorbs air in the greenhouse to pass through the water-gas heat exchanger (2) to form an air inlet, and the rear end of the water-gas heat exchanger (2) is the air inlet;
the internal water circulation system comprises a cold water tank (4) and a hot water tank (5) which are installed on the ground or underground in the greenhouse, the hot water tank (5) is arranged above the cold water tank (4) and is communicated with the cold water tank (4), the hot water tank (5) is connected with the tube side of the water-gas heat exchanger (2) through a pipeline, is connected with the shell side of the evaporator through a pipeline, and is connected with the shell side of the condenser through a pipeline; the cold water tank (4) is connected with the tube side (2) of the water-gas heat exchanger through a pipeline, is connected with the shell side of the evaporator through a pipeline, and is communicated with the shell side of the condenser through a pipeline;
outer water circulating system is including installing rainwater collecting pit (6) outside the big-arch shelter and installing humidification device (7) in the big-arch shelter, and the end of blowing at the front side of fan (3) is installed in humidification device (7), including spray piping, fin and water catch bowl, spray piping sets up directly over the fin, and the water catch bowl sets up under the fin to be connected with the gutter of big-arch shelter and communicate with rainwater collecting pit (6), and rainwater collecting pit (6) are connected with spray piping through the pipeline, are connected through the tube side of pipeline and aqueous vapor heat exchanger (2).
2. The solar greenhouse dual-source coupling heat collection temperature and humidity regulation and control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the temperature and humidity regulation and control system is provided with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an illumination sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor.
3. The solar greenhouse dual-source coupling heat collection temperature and humidity regulation and control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a black base coating is laid at the bottom of the rainwater collecting tank (6).
4. The solar greenhouse dual-source coupling heat collection temperature and humidity control system as claimed in claims 1 to 3, wherein: the method specifically comprises the following control methods:
A. heat collection and temperature reduction: the rainwater collection pool (6) conveys cold water to the water vapor heat exchanger (2), the fan (3) is started to enable high-temperature air to pass through the water vapor heat exchanger (2), the high-temperature air is subjected to heat exchange with the cold water in the tube pass of the water vapor heat exchanger (2) through the water vapor heat exchanger (2) and then blows cold air out of the fan (3), and meanwhile the cold water in the water vapor heat exchanger (2) is heated and enters the hot water tank (5) to be subjected to heat preservation and heat storage;
B. enhancing heat collection and cooling: the method comprises the following steps that (1) a ground source heat pump is started, cold water in a cold water tank (4) or a rainwater collection pool (6) enters a shell side of an evaporator of the ground source heat pump (1), and enters a water vapor heat exchanger (2) for circulating heat exchange after being heated in heat exchange with a refrigerant in the evaporator, meanwhile, hot water in the water vapor heat exchanger (2) enters the shell side of a condenser of the ground source heat pump (1) through a hot water tank (5) and returns to the hot water tank (5) after being subjected to heat exchange with the refrigerant in the condenser, so that the cold water is cooler, the hot water is hotter, the water vapor heat exchanger (2) reduces the temperature of fluid in a heat exchange tube of the water vapor heat exchanger (2) through circulating heat exchange with the evaporator, so that the heat exchange temperature difference of water vapor is increased, a fan (3) is started, high-temperature air passes through the water vapor heat exchanger (2), and the cold air is blown out of the fan (3) after being subjected to heat exchange with the cold water in the tube side of the water vapor heat exchanger (2);
C. heat collection, temperature reduction and humidification: the greenhouse is closed, on the basis of the mode A, the rainwater collecting pool (6) supplies water to a spray pipe of the humidifying device (7), and the air blown out by the fan (3) blows water vapor into the greenhouse through the humidifying device (7) to cool and humidify and collect heat at the same time;
D. cooling and humidifying: opening the greenhouse, closing the carbon dioxide gas fertilizer valve rainwater collecting pool (6) to supply water to a spray pipe of the humidifying device (7), circularly exchanging air between the fan (3) and air inside and outside the greenhouse for cooling, blowing the air sucked by the fan (3) to the humidifying device (7) after passing through the water vapor heat exchanger (2) to blow water vapor into the greenhouse for humidifying, and simultaneously cooling by evaporating water on the surface of fins;
E. dehumidifying and heating: the method comprises the steps that a fan (3) is started for a closed greenhouse, a water-ground source heat pump (1) is started, cold water is conveyed to a water vapor heat exchanger (2) by a rainwater collection pool (6) or a cold water tank (4), the cold water is conveyed to a condenser for heat exchange by the cold water tank (4), the cold water enters a hot water tank (5), the water vapor heat exchanger (2) performs circulating heat exchange with an evaporator, cold water in the water vapor heat exchanger (2) generates supercooled water after heat absorption of the evaporator, the supercooled water returns to the water vapor heat exchanger (2), the fan (3) exhausts air to enable low-temperature air to pass through the water vapor heat exchanger (2), the water vapor is liquefied by the supercooled water after the humid low-temperature air passes through the water vapor heat exchanger (2), the low-temperature air is dehumidified, and when the humidity of the greenhouse is reduced to about 70%, the greenhouse is heated by a mode A or a mode B, and the warm drying in the greenhouse is realized;
F. enhancing and heating at night: the greenhouse is characterized in that a ground source heat pump (1) is started reversely (a condenser is arranged at the rear end of a water-gas exchanger), an electromagnetic valve is closed after a cold water tank (4) conveys cold water to a water-gas heat exchanger (2), a hot water tank (5) exchanges heat with hot water conveyed by an evaporator and then enters the cold water tank (4), the water-gas heat exchanger (2) exchanges heat with the condenser, the cold water in the water-gas heat exchanger (2) is heated by the condenser and then enters the water-gas heat exchanger (2), a fan (3) is started to enable low-temperature air to pass through the water-gas heat exchanger (2), and the low-temperature air is subjected to heat exchange by the water-gas heat exchanger (2) and then is blown out of warm air from the fan (3) to heat the greenhouse;
G. heating by external cold energy: the rainwater collecting pool (6) is used for conveying supercooled water to the water-gas heat exchanger (2), the water-ground source heat pump (1) is started reversely (the rear end of the water-gas heat exchanger (2) is provided with a condenser), the hot water tank (5) is used for conveying hot water to an evaporator for heat exchange and then enters the cold water tank (4), the water-gas heat exchanger (2) and the condenser are used for circulating heat exchange, the supercooled water in the water-gas heat exchanger (2) is heated through the condenser after being discharged heat, the fan (3) is started to enable low-temperature air to pass through the water-gas heat exchanger (2), and warm air is blown out from the fan (3) after the low-temperature air passes through the water-gas heat exchanger (2) for heat exchange to warm the greenhouse.
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| US20030061822A1 (en) * | 2001-09-29 | 2003-04-03 | Rafalovich Alexander P. | Climate control system |
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| JP2020056555A (en) * | 2018-10-04 | 2020-04-09 | Ｏｍソーラー株式会社 | Operation control method for solar heat utilization apparatus |
| CN114353210A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-04-15 | 北京仁创科技集团有限公司 | Water source, ground source and air source integrated energy integration system and building system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20030061822A1 (en) * | 2001-09-29 | 2003-04-03 | Rafalovich Alexander P. | Climate control system |
| JP2011092163A (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2011-05-12 | Mayekawa Mfg Co Ltd | Air-conditioning system for greenhouse and method for operating the same |
| JP2016189723A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-11-10 | 有限会社パールハート | Temperature adjustment system of house for agriculture |
| JP2020056555A (en) * | 2018-10-04 | 2020-04-09 | Ｏｍソーラー株式会社 | Operation control method for solar heat utilization apparatus |
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