JP2010537794A - レーザ手術におけるレーザ誘起保護シールド - Google Patents
レーザ手術におけるレーザ誘起保護シールド Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】 図3B
Description
本出願は、2007年9月5日に出願された米国仮出願第60/970,214号発明の名称、「Laser-Induced Protection Shield in Laser Ophthalmic Surgery」の優先権を主張し、この文献の全体は、引用によって本願に援用される。
本発明は、レーザ眼科手術を含むレーザ手術に関する。
Claims (25)
- 眼内の手術標的領域を判定するステップと、
前記手術標的領域と感光性の組織との間の保護領域を選択するステップと、
前記感光性の組織のダメージ閾値及び前記保護領域の保護閾値を推定するステップと、
前記保護領域に前記ダメージ閾値と前記保護閾値との間のパラメータを有する予備的レーザパルスを適用して、保護バリアを形成するステップと、
前記手術標的領域に手術用レーザパルスを適用するステップとを有する眼科手術方法。 - 前記保護領域を選択するステップは、
前記保護領域内に形成される前記保護バリアが、残りの手術用レーザパルスによるダメージから前記感光性の組織を保護できるように、前記保護領域の位置及び形状を選択するステップを含む請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記感光性の組織の保護は、
前記残りの手術用レーザパルスの遮蔽、散乱及び吸収のうちの少なくとも1つを含む請求項2記載の方法。 - 前記保護領域を選択するステップは、
前記眼の核の境界の部分を判定するステップを含む請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記感光性の組織のダメージ閾値を推定するステップは、
ダメージ閾値レーザパラメータを推定するステップを含み、前記ダメージ閾値レーザパラメータを用いて適用されるレーザパルスは、前記感光性の組織にダメージを与えることができる請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記保護領域の保護閾値を推定するステップは、
保護閾値レーザパラメータを推定するステップを含み、前記保護閾値レーザパラメータを用いて適用されるレーザパルスは、前記保護領域内に前記保護バリアを形成できる請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記保護閾値及びダメージ閾値を推定するステップは、
手術用レーザシステムの要素の特徴の分析、予備測定及び術前測定、患者の眼の観察、計算の使用、年齢ベースのアルゴリズムの使用、死体実験から取得されたデータの使用及びデータベースの参照のうちの少なくとも1つを含む請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記ダメージ閾値及び保護閾値を推定するステップは、
0.5μJ〜50μJの範囲のレーザパルスエネルギを推定するステップと、
0.01ピコ秒〜50ピコ秒の範囲のレーザパルスの継続時間を推定するステップと、
10kHz〜100MHzの範囲の適用されるレーザパルスの周波数を推定するステップと、
1ミクロン〜50ミクロンの範囲のレーザパルスの標的領域の分離距離を推定するステップとを含む請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記ダメージ閾値と前記保護閾値との間のパラメータを有する予備的レーザパルスを適用するステップは、
前記感光性の組織にダメージを与えることを回避するのに適したレーザパラメータで前記予備的レーザパルスを適用するステップを含む請求項1記載の方法。 - 眼内の水晶体内の核の境界の部分を特定するステップと、
網膜のダメージ閾値及び核の保護閾値を推定するステップと、
前記ダメージ閾値と前記保護閾値との間のレーザパラメータを有する予備的レーザパルスを、前記核の後方領域内の保護領域に適用して、保護バリアを形成するステップと、
前記核内の前記保護バリアより前方の標的領域に手術用レーザパルスを適用するステップとを有する眼の手術方法。 - 前記核の境界の部分を特定するステップは、
前記水晶体内に空間的に離間したプローブ気泡を生成するステップと、
前記生成されたプローブ気泡の特性を観測するステップと、
前記プローブ気泡の観測された特性に関連して前記境界の部分を特定するステップとを含む請求項10記載の方法。 - 前記生成されたプローブ気泡の特性を観測するステップは、
第1の成長率を示す1つ以上のプローブ気泡を特定するステップと、
前記第1の成長率とは異なる第2の成長率を示す1つ以上のプローブ気泡を特定するステップとを含み、
前記境界の部分を特定するステップは、
前記第1の成長率を示すプローブ気泡と、前記第2の成長率を示すプローブ気泡との間の境界を特定するステップを含む請求項11記載の方法。 - 前記生成されたプローブ気泡の特性を観測するステップは、
前記水晶体に超音波を印加するステップと、
前記超音波に第1の応答を示す1つ以上のプローブ気泡を特定するステップと、
前記第1の応答とは異なる第2の応答を示す1つ以上のプローブ気泡を特定するステップとを含み、
前記境界の部分を特定するステップは、
前記第1の応答を示すプローブ気泡と、前記第2の応答を示すプローブ気泡との間の境界を特定するステップを含む請求項11記載の方法。 - 前記境界を特定するステップは、
光イメージング法によって前記プローブ気泡を観測するステップと、
光干渉断層法によって前記プローブ気泡を観測するステップとのうちの少なくとも1つを含む請求項11記載の方法。 - 前記境界を特定するステップは、
術前及び術中の境界の特定と、
前記核の境界を前記眼の測定可能な特徴に関連付けるデータベースの参照と、
測定可能な特徴に基づく計算の実行と、
前記境界の年齢ベースの判定の実行とのうちの少なくとも1つを使用する請求項10記載の方法。 - 前記網膜のダメージ閾値を推定するステップは、
ダメージ閾値レーザパラメータを推定するステップを含み、前記ダメージ閾値レーザパラメータを用いて適用されるレーザパルスは、前記網膜にダメージを与えることができる請求項10記載の方法。 - 前記核の保護閾値を推定するステップは、
保護閾値レーザパラメータを推定するステップを含み、前記保護閾値レーザパラメータを用いて適用されるレーザパルスは、前記保護領域内に保護バリアを形成できる請求項10記載の方法。 - 前記保護閾値及びダメージ閾値を推定するステップは、
手術用レーザシステムの要素の特徴の分析、予備測定及び術前測定、患者の眼の観察、計算の使用、年齢ベースのアルゴリズムの使用、死体実験及びデータベースの参照のうちの少なくとも1つを含む請求項10記載の方法。 - 前記ダメージ閾値及び保護閾値を推定するステップは、
0.5μJ〜50μJの範囲のレーザパルスエネルギを推定するステップと、
0.01ピコ秒〜50ピコ秒の範囲のレーザパルスの継続時間を推定するステップと、
10kHz〜100MHzの範囲の適用されるレーザパルスの周波数を推定するステップと、
1ミクロン〜50ミクロンの範囲のレーザパルスの標的領域の分離距離を推定するステップとを含む請求項10記載の方法。 - 前記予備的レーザパルスを適用するステップは、
前記予備的レーザパルスが、僅かな程度のみ、前記網膜にダメージを与えることを確実にするレーザパラメータを有する予備的レーザパルスを適用するステップと、
前記網膜を残りの手術用レーザパルスから保護できるように配置及び整形された前記保護バリアを形成するステップとを含む請求項10記載の方法。 - 前記手術用レーザパルスを適用するステップは、
前記核の一部の分解、断片化及び乳化のうちの少なくとも1つを含む請求項10記載の方法。 - 眼科手術のためのレーザシステムにおいて、
レーザパルスからなるレーザビームを生成するように構成されているパルスレーザと、
前記パルスレーザを制御して、
感光性の組織のダメージ閾値と、保護領域の保護閾値との間のパラメータを有する予備的レーザパルスを眼内の保護領域に適用して、保護バリアを形成し、
手術用レーザパルスを手術標的領域に適用するように構成されているレーザコントローラとを備えるレーザシステム。 - 前記レーザコントローラは、前記パルスレーザを制御して、
約0.5μJ〜50μJの範囲のエネルギと、
約1ミクロン〜50ミクロンの範囲の隣接する標的領域の分離距離と、
約0.01ピコ秒〜50ピコ秒の範囲の継続時間と、
10kHz〜100MHzの範囲の繰返し率とを有するレーザパルスを生成するように構成されている請求項22記載のレーザシステム。 - 前記眼の水晶体内に生成されたプローブ気泡の特性を観測するように構成された光学システムと、
前記プローブ気泡の観測された特性を用いて、前記水晶体内の核を特定するように構成されたプロセッサとを更に備える請求項22記載のレーザシステム。 - 光破壊の標的の遠位にある感光性の組織を保護する手術方法において、
患者の体の手術標的領域を判定するステップと、
前記手術標的領域と前記感光性の組織との間の保護領域を選択するステップと、
前記感光性の組織のダメージ閾値及び前記保護領域の保護閾値を推定するステップと、
前記保護領域に前記ダメージ閾値と前記保護閾値との間のパラメータを有する予備的レーザパルスを適用して、保護バリアを形成するステップと、
前記保護バリアの形成の後に、前記手術標的領域に手術用レーザパルスを適用するステップとを有する手術方法。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20090143772A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
DE112008002380T5 (de) | 2010-06-24 |
WO2009033110A3 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
EP2197400A2 (en) | 2010-06-23 |
WO2009033110A2 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
US8764736B2 (en) | 2014-07-01 |
JP5623907B2 (ja) | 2014-11-12 |
EP2197400B1 (en) | 2014-12-31 |
ES2528651T3 (es) | 2015-02-11 |
EP2197400A4 (en) | 2012-12-05 |
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