JP2010537388A - アルカリ金属電池 - Google Patents
アルカリ金属電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010537388A JP2010537388A JP2010522063A JP2010522063A JP2010537388A JP 2010537388 A JP2010537388 A JP 2010537388A JP 2010522063 A JP2010522063 A JP 2010522063A JP 2010522063 A JP2010522063 A JP 2010522063A JP 2010537388 A JP2010537388 A JP 2010537388A
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- Prior art keywords
- alkali metal
- storage battery
- lead
- mercury
- battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/20—Semi-lead accumulators, i.e. accumulators in which only one electrode contains lead
- H01M10/22—Selection of materials as electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/24—Alkaline accumulators
- H01M10/26—Selection of materials as electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/40—Alloys based on alkali metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/56—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of lead
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0002—Aqueous electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
- Cell Separators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
鉛蓄電池の多数の代替物は、他の応用における使用のため長年にわたって開発されてきた。これら代替電池のうちの2つは、負電極として亜鉛、電解液として苛性カリを用いる。1方の電池の正電極は酸化ニッケルであり、他方の電池は酸化銀を用いる。
液体水銀の安定性を維持するために、特に、自動車の適用においては種々の手段を用いられる。例えば、水銀の運動を制限するために半透過膜を用いることができる。このような膜は、電解液を透過するが、水銀をその区画に閉じ込める。代替手段として、水銀を被膜、めっき、吸収し、あるいは、導電性の個体基板に付着させることができる。
正電極では、
(1)PbO2+Na2SO4+2H2O+2e→PbSO4+2NaOH+2OH
負電極では、
(2)2Na(Hg) →2Na++Hg+2e
セルの再充電の際、上記反応は逆になる。
電解液中での使用に考えられる塩の溶解度もまた、特定のアニオンに依存する。説明のため、硫酸リチウムは、0℃で100g当たり35.34gの溶解度を有する。一方、ケイ酸リチウムは不溶性である。リチウムは、特に、適切な市販のスラットの数によって完全に制限される。
硫酸塩以外の塩が用いられると、その電気化学は反応式1に示すものとは異なる。これらの塩は、溶液中でアルカリになる傾向があるので、電気化学の当業者は、電池が放電されるとき、2酸化鉛が還元されて酸化鉛になることが分かる。この結果は、正電極の一つの電極電位に影響を与える。
セルを3.7Vで3分間充電した後、3.38Vの開回路の電位が得られた。セルは、再生可能な結果で、繰り返し充電し放電した。この実験の最後に、電極は良好な状態となり、電解液は無色透明になった。
Claims (15)
- 鉛をベースとする材料よりなる正電極と、
水銀よりなる負電極と、
アルカリ金属塩の水溶液よりなる電解液と、
を備えた蓄電池。 - 前記アルカリ金属は、リチウムである、請求項1の蓄電池。
- 前記アルカリ金属は、ナトリウムである、請求項1の蓄電池。
- 前記アルカリ金属は、カリウムである、請求項1の蓄電池。
- 前記アルカリ金属は、ルビジウムである、請求項1の蓄電池。
- 前記アルカリ金属は、セシウムである、請求項1の蓄電池。
- 前記アルカリ金属は、硫酸塩である、請求項1の蓄電池。
- 前記アルカリ金属は、炭酸塩である、請求項1の蓄電池。
- 前記アルカリ金属は、リン酸塩である、請求項1の蓄電池。
- 前記アルカリ金属は、ケイ酸塩である、請求項1の蓄電池。
- 前記アルカリ金属は、ホウ酸塩である、請求項1の蓄電池。
- 前記アルカリ金属は、水銀を固定化する手段が設けられている、請求項1の蓄電池。
- 前記固定化する手段は、水銀が接着された個体基板を有する、請求項12の蓄電池。
- 前記個体基板は、グラファイトである、請求項13の蓄電池。
- 前記個体化する手段は、水銀と電極との間の半透過膜である、請求項12の蓄電池。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/842,980 US7608361B2 (en) | 2007-08-22 | 2007-08-22 | Alkali metal battery |
PCT/US2008/073990 WO2009026500A1 (en) | 2007-08-22 | 2008-08-22 | Alkali metal battery |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2010537388A true JP2010537388A (ja) | 2010-12-02 |
Family
ID=40378674
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2010522063A Pending JP2010537388A (ja) | 2007-08-22 | 2008-08-22 | アルカリ金属電池 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7608361B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2201630B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2010537388A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101821883B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2695352A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009026500A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8232003B2 (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2012-07-31 | Stauffer John E | Lead-palladium battery |
US8865361B2 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2014-10-21 | The Invention Science Fund I, Llc | Instrumented fluid-surfaced electrode |
US20110027638A1 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-03 | Searete Llc, A Limited Liability Corporation Of The State Of Delaware | Fluid-surfaced electrode |
US8974939B2 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2015-03-10 | The Invention Science Fund I, Llc | Fluid-surfaced electrode |
US10074879B2 (en) | 2009-07-29 | 2018-09-11 | Deep Science, Llc | Instrumented fluid-surfaced electrode |
US8889312B2 (en) | 2009-07-29 | 2014-11-18 | The Invention Science Fund I, Llc | Instrumented fluid-surfaced electrode |
US8460814B2 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2013-06-11 | The Invention Science Fund I, Llc | Fluid-surfaced electrode |
CN102013523B (zh) * | 2010-10-28 | 2013-11-06 | 江门三同新能源科技有限公司 | 铅酸电池内化成工艺 |
US8927143B2 (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2015-01-06 | John E. Stauffer | Aluminum storage battery |
WO2014152487A1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-25 | Bigzet Incorporated | Electrolyte and lead sulfuric acid battery |
US9923242B2 (en) | 2014-01-23 | 2018-03-20 | John E. Stauffer | Lithium bromide battery |
US9666898B2 (en) | 2014-07-22 | 2017-05-30 | John E. Stauffer | Storage battery using a uniform mix of conductive and nonconductive granules in a lithium bromide electrolyte |
US9509017B2 (en) | 2014-07-22 | 2016-11-29 | John E. Stauffer | Lithium storage battery |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS52143448A (en) * | 1976-05-24 | 1977-11-30 | Yuasa Battery Co Ltd | Lead battery |
JPH0864226A (ja) * | 1994-08-18 | 1996-03-08 | Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd | 鉛蓄電池 |
Family Cites Families (20)
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GB170618A (en) * | 1920-05-27 | 1921-10-27 | Adolfo Pouchain | Improvements in electric accumulators |
DE1152454B (de) * | 1959-10-14 | 1963-08-08 | Varta Ag | Bleiakkumulator, der zur Beschleunigung des Sauerstoffverzehrs Quecksilber enthaelt,mit vorzugsweise fluessigem Elektrolyten und einer Gasverzehrelektrode |
CH444244A (de) * | 1963-10-25 | 1967-09-30 | Greutert Werner | Akkumulator |
US3966493A (en) * | 1969-04-02 | 1976-06-29 | Varta Batterie Aktiengesellschaft | Rechargeable mercury electrode |
US3959012A (en) * | 1974-04-25 | 1976-05-25 | P. R. Mallory & Co., Inc. | Composite cathode materials for solid state batteries |
SE390088B (sv) * | 1975-03-14 | 1976-11-29 | O Lindstrom | Slutet ackumulatorbatteri |
US4268589A (en) * | 1977-12-08 | 1981-05-19 | Imatra Paristo Oy | Cell having improved rechargeability |
ATE111083T1 (de) * | 1986-10-22 | 1994-09-15 | Abbott Lab | Chemilumineszierende acridinium- und phenantridiniumsalze. |
US5006309A (en) * | 1988-04-22 | 1991-04-09 | Abbott Laboratories | Immunoassay device with liquid transfer between wells by washing |
US5089424A (en) * | 1988-06-14 | 1992-02-18 | Abbott Laboratories | Method and apparatus for heterogeneous chemiluminescence assay |
US5063081A (en) * | 1988-11-14 | 1991-11-05 | I-Stat Corporation | Method of manufacturing a plurality of uniform microfabricated sensing devices having an immobilized ligand receptor |
US5466646A (en) * | 1992-08-18 | 1995-11-14 | Worcester Polytechnic Institute | Process for the preparation of solid state materials and said materials |
US5436110A (en) * | 1993-08-05 | 1995-07-25 | Agfa-Gevaert, N.V. | Imaging element and method for making aluminum lithographic printing plates according to the silver salt diffusion transfer process |
KR0139245B1 (ko) * | 1995-06-05 | 1998-06-15 | 신재인 | 수직형 순환식 모세관형 수은 다발체 전극을 사용하는 전해방법과 그 장치 |
US7419821B2 (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2008-09-02 | I-Stat Corporation | Apparatus and methods for analyte measurement and immunoassay |
US7482097B2 (en) * | 2002-04-03 | 2009-01-27 | Valence Technology, Inc. | Alkali-transition metal phosphates having a +3 valence non-transition element and related electrode active materials |
US20040018577A1 (en) * | 2002-07-29 | 2004-01-29 | Emerson Campbell John Lewis | Multiple hybrid immunoassay |
US7682833B2 (en) * | 2003-09-10 | 2010-03-23 | Abbott Point Of Care Inc. | Immunoassay device with improved sample closure |
US7723099B2 (en) * | 2003-09-10 | 2010-05-25 | Abbott Point Of Care Inc. | Immunoassay device with immuno-reference electrode |
US7947391B2 (en) * | 2004-01-13 | 2011-05-24 | Stauffer John E | Lead-alkaline battery |
-
2007
- 2007-08-22 US US11/842,980 patent/US7608361B2/en active Active
-
2008
- 2008-08-22 JP JP2010522063A patent/JP2010537388A/ja active Pending
- 2008-08-22 CN CN2008801039590A patent/CN101821883B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-08-22 CA CA2695352A patent/CA2695352A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-08-22 WO PCT/US2008/073990 patent/WO2009026500A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-08-22 EP EP08798468.8A patent/EP2201630B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS52143448A (en) * | 1976-05-24 | 1977-11-30 | Yuasa Battery Co Ltd | Lead battery |
JPH0864226A (ja) * | 1994-08-18 | 1996-03-08 | Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd | 鉛蓄電池 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
JPN6013014847; Das K,: 'Charge-discharge behavior of lead/mercury cell in aqueous sulphuric acid' Journal of Power Sources Vol.35, 1991, 183-88 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2201630B1 (en) | 2016-03-09 |
US7608361B2 (en) | 2009-10-27 |
EP2201630A1 (en) | 2010-06-30 |
CN101821883A (zh) | 2010-09-01 |
WO2009026500A1 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
EP2201630A4 (en) | 2011-11-02 |
CA2695352A1 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
CN101821883B (zh) | 2012-08-22 |
US20090053596A1 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
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