JP2010526829A - 疎水性化合物及びポリアミノ酸複合体を含む組成物 - Google Patents
疎水性化合物及びポリアミノ酸複合体を含む組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】図1
Description
分子量の異なるポリ−L−グルタミン酸ナトリウム塩(多角度光散乱(MALS)に基づく平均分子量41400(PGA(97k))、17600(PGA(44k))、16000(PGA(32k))、及び10900(PGA(21k))ダルトン);N−(3−ジメチルアミノプロピル)−N’−エチルカルボジイミド塩酸塩(EDC);ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール(HOBt);ピリジン;4−ジメチルアミノピリジン(DMAP);N,N’−ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF):ガドリニウム−酢酸;クロロホルム;カンプトテシン、及び重炭酸ナトリウムを、Sigma−Aldrich Chemical Companyから購入した。ポリ−L−グルタミン酸塩は、2N塩酸溶液を用いてポリ−L−グルタミン酸に変換した。トリフルオロ酢酸(TFA)はBioscienceから購入した。L−グルタミン酸ジ−t−ブチルエステル塩酸塩(H−Glu(OtBu)−OtBu・HCl)、N−α−CBZ−L−グルタミン酸α−ベンジルエステル(Z−Glu−OBzl)は、Novabiochem(ラホーヤ、カリフォルニア州)から購入した。パクリタキセルは、PolyMed(ヒューストン、テキサス州)から購入した。3H−パクリタキセルをMoravek Biochemicals,Inc.から購入した。細胞毒性MTT試験(細胞の生存率)のためのスルホルホダミンB色素は、Molecular Imaging Products Company(Michigan)から購入した。化学薬品p−NH2−Bn−DPTA−ペンタ−(t−Buエステル)は、Macrocyclics(ダラス、テキサス州)から購入した。
(SEC−MALS分析条件)
HPLSシステム:Agilent1200
カラム:Shodex SB 806M HQ(プルランに対する排除限界は20000000である。粒子径:13ミクロン、サイズ(mm)ID×長さ;8.0×300)
移動相:1×DPBS又はDPBS中1%LiBr(pH7.0)
流速:1ml/分
MALS検出器:WyattからのDAWN HELEOS
DRI検出器:WyattからのOptilab rEX
オンライン粘度計:WyattからのViscoStar
ソフトウェア:WyattからのASTRA5.1.9
サンプル濃度:1〜2mg/ml
注入量:100μl
ポリマーのdn/dc値:0.185を測定に使用した。
実際のサンプルを流す前にBSAを対照として使用した。
(PGA−21−G−パクリタキセル−20を使用した第1のパクリタキセル製剤)
PGA−21−G−パクリタキセル−20(110mg)(ポリ−(γ−グルタミル)−ポリ−L−グルタミン−19800の出発ポリマーから調製されたもので、パクリタキセルの含量が20重量%のもの)を蒸留水(3mL)に溶解した。この試料を5分間超音波処理した。次いで、パクリタキセル(22mg)のエタノール(0.4mL)溶液を、ピペットを用いて試料中に添加した。次いで溶液の混合物をさらに5分間超音波処理した。得られた混合物を、凍結乾燥し、そしてさらなる実験まで−20℃で保存した。
(PGA−21−G−パクリタキセル−20を使用した第2のパクリタキセル製剤)
PGA−21−G−パクリタキセル−20(110mg)を蒸留水(3mL)に溶解した。この試料を5分間超音波処理した。次いで、パクリタキセル(11mg)のエタノール(0.4mL)溶液を、ピペットを用いて試料中に添加した。次いで溶液の混合物をさらに5分間超音波処理した。得られた混合物を、凍結乾燥し、そしてさらなる実験まで−20℃で保存した。
(PGA−32−G−パクリタキセル−20を使用した第1のパクリタキセル製剤)
PGA−32−G−パクリタキセル−20(110mg)(ポリ−(γ−グルタミル)−ポリ−L−グルタミン−37400の出発ポリマーから調製されたもので、パクリタキセルの含量が20重量%のもの)を蒸留水(3mL)に溶解した。この試料を5分間超音波処理した。次いで、パクリタキセル(22mg)のエタノール(0.4mL)溶液を、ピペットを用いて試料中に添加した。次いで溶液の混合物をさらに5分間超音波処理した。得られた混合物を、凍結乾燥し、そしてさらなる実験まで−20℃で保存した。
(エタノール:クレモホール(登録商標)を用いた第1の対照パクリタキセル製剤)
エタノールとクレモホール(ポリエトキシル化ヒマシ油(リシノール酸、ポリグリコールエステル、グリセロールポリグリコールエステル類、及びポリグルコール類の混合物))が1:1の割合の溶液に、30mg/mLの濃度でパクリタキセルを溶解することにより、ポリマーによらない対照試料を調製した。この溶液は、試験に用いる前、注射の直前に6mg/mLの濃度まで生理食塩水によってさらに希釈した。
(薬物動力学及び薬力学のためのPGA−21−G−パクリタキセル−20を使用した第3のパクリタキセル製剤)
PGA−21−G−パクリタキセル−20(110mg)を蒸留水(3mL)に溶解した。この試料を5分間超音波処理した。次いで、パクリタキセル(22mg)のエタノール(0.5mL)溶液及び3H−パクリタキセル220μl(lmCi/mL)(トリチウムは検出目的のため)を、ピペットを用いて試料中に添加した。溶液の最終体積を蒸留水で調整して4mLとした。この溶液の混合物をさらに5分間超音波処理した。溶液を5つの小さなバイアル(0.8mL/バイアル)のそれぞれに分けた。バイアル中の試料を凍結乾燥し、そしてさらなる実験まで低温(−20℃)で保存した。
(PKPDのためエタノール:クレモホール(登録商標)を用いた第2の対照パクリタキセル製剤)
エタノールとクレモホールが1:1の割合の溶液に、30mg/mLの濃度でパクリタキセル(22mg)を溶解することにより、対照試料を調製し、そして、3H−パクリタキセル220μl(lmCi/mL)(トリチウムは検出目的のため)を、ピペットを用いて試料中に添加した。この溶液は、試験に用いる前、注射の直前に6mg/mLの濃度まで生理食塩水によってさらに希釈した。
(細胞培養及び調製)
B16F0細胞をATCC(CRL−6322、ATCC アメリカン・タイプ・カルチャー・コレクション、ロックヴィル、メリーランド州)から購入し、10%胎児ウシ血清及び100単位/mLペニシリンを含むダルベッコ改変イーグル培地(DMEM)において成長させた。細胞は37℃で5%CO2環境において成長させた。培養培地を除去し、処分した。細胞をダルベッコリン酸緩衝溶液(DPBS)で濯ぎ、次いでトリプシン−エチレンジアミン四酢酸(EDTA)溶液(0.5ml)を細胞に添加し、そして細胞を倒立顕微鏡下で観察してその分散を確認した。完全成長培地(6.0〜8.0ml)を添加し、そして細胞をゆっくりピペットに吸い込んだ。細胞懸濁液の適当なアリコートを新たな培養プレートに移した。さらなる実験の前に細胞を37℃で5%CO2において24時間成長させた。
(インビトロ細胞毒性MTT試験)
実施例1〜4で調製した製剤を、生理食塩水(滅菌水中0.9%NaCl)でパクリタキセルに対し6mg/mLの濃度に再構成した。パクリタキセルを含有するここに記載の製剤それぞれを、該薬物のいくつかの異なる濃度で、B16F0黒色腫細胞の増殖に対する効果について評価した。細胞毒性MTTアッセイを、Monks他,JNCI 1991,83,757−766(参照によりその内容すべてが本明細書に組み込まれる)に報告されるとおり行う。
(薬物動態学的研究動物及び腫瘍のモデル)
ヌードマウス(6〜7週齢、体重25〜30g、オス)をCharles River Lab(ウィリングトン、マサチューセッツ州)から購入した。B16F0細胞株をATCC(CRL−6322、ATCC アメリカン・タイプ・カルチャー・コレクション、ロックヴィル、メリーランド州)から購入した。10%胎児ウシ血清、2μMグルタミン、1mM非必須アミノ酸、1mMピルビン酸ナトリウム、100U/mlペニシリン、及び100ug/mlストレプトマイシンで補足したDMEMにおいて、B16F0細胞株を培養した。細胞培養物から採集したB16FO細胞を数えて5×106/mLの濃度に再懸濁した。TBシリンジを用いて、細胞含有溶液0.4mL(合計2×106細胞)を各マウスに皮下注射によって投与した。一動物あたり4種の腫瘍を接種した。腫瘍の位置は、右肩、左肩、右臀部、及び左臀部であった。
実施例5で調製した製剤を、6mg/mLのパクリタキセル濃度となるよう生理食塩水(滅菌水中0.9%NaCl)で再構成した。実施例9からのマウスの全個体群に対して平均腫瘍体積が200〜300mm(6〜8mm直径)に一旦到達したら、腫瘍を有する各マウスに対し、実施例5に記載のPGA−21−G−パクリタキセル−20を使用したパクリタキセル製剤20mg/kg又は実施例6に記載のエタノール及びクレモホールを使用したパクリタキセル製剤20mg/kgのいずれかを、1回IVボーラス注射した。それぞれの薬物に対し、4匹のマウスの群に種々の時点で麻酔をかけた。麻酔の時点は0.5時間後、2時間後、4時間後、及び24時間後であった。
実施例5で調製した製剤を、6mg/mLのパクリタキセル濃度となるよう生理食塩水(滅菌水中0.9%NaCl)で再構成した。実施例9からのマウスの全個体群に対して平均腫瘍体積が200〜300mm(6〜8mm直径)に一旦到達したら、腫瘍を有する各マウスに対し、実施例5に記載のPGA−21−G−パクリタキセル−20を使用したパクリタキセル製剤20mg/kg又は実施例6に記載のエタノール及びクレモホールを使用したパクリタキセル製剤20mg/kgのいずれかを、1回IVボーラス注射した。それぞれの薬物に対し、4匹のマウスの群に種々の時点で麻酔をかけた。麻酔の時点は0.5時間後、2時間後、4時間後、及び24時間後であった。
(インビボ効力試験のための動物及び腫瘍モデル)
ヌードマウス(6〜8週齢、体重21〜25g、雄)をCharles River Lab(Willington,MA)から購入した。B16−F0−EGFP安定細胞を、10%ウシ血清、100U/mlペニシリン、及び100μg/mlストレプトマイシンで補足したDMEM中において増殖させた細胞培養物に維持した。接種の前に細胞を48時間分裂させ、採取時が対数増殖期となるようにした。トリプシン−EDTAを用いて組織培養物から細胞を採取し、そして生存細胞数を、トリパンブルーの存在下で血球計において数えることにより、測定した。血清を用いることなく細胞をDMEM培地中5×106/mlの濃度に懸濁した。次いで、1ccインスリンシリンジを用いて腫瘍細胞懸濁物0.1mlを注射することにより、各肩及び各臀部(マウス1匹あたり4部位)に対し、5×106細胞/mlの濃度で腫瘍細胞懸濁物を接種した。
実施例1に従って調製したポリマーの最大耐量(MTD)における体重減少毒性を測定した。ここでMTDは、2週間以内に最大15%の体重減少をもたらす用量として定義する。実施例1で調製した製剤を、生理食塩水(滅菌水中0.9%NaCl)でPGA−21−G−パクリタキセル−20に対して50mg/mLの濃度に再構成した。この実施例に対する陽性の対照は、抗癌薬PGA−21−G−パクリタキセル−20であった。また生理食塩水を、抗腫瘍薬を含まない陰性の対照として用いた。
(インビボ効力試験)
実施例10記載のヌードnu/nuマウスにおいてB16F0−EGF黒色腫に対する最大耐量(MTD)でのPGA−21−G−20ポリマーと組み合わせたパクリタキセル製剤及びPGA−21−G−20ポリマー単独の抗腫瘍効果を経時的に測定した。生理食塩水を陰性の対照として用いた。実施例1で調製した製剤を、生理食塩水(滅菌水中0.9%NaCl)でPGA−21−G−パクリタキセル−20に対して50mg/mLの濃度に再構成した。この実施例において陽性の対照は、抗癌薬PGA−21−G−パクリタキセル−20であった。生理食塩水を、抗腫瘍薬を含まない陰性の対照として用いた。
Claims (60)
- R1及びR2の一方のみが該第2の疎水性薬物を含む基である場合、R1及びR2のもう一方は、水素、C1−10アルキル基、C6−20アリール基、アンモニウム基、アルカリ金属、多座配位子、保護された酸素原子を有する多座配位子前駆体、標的化剤を含む基、光造影剤を含む基、磁気共鳴造影剤を含む基、及び安定剤を含む基からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 該第1の疎水性薬物は該第2の疎水性薬物と異なる化学構造を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 該第1の疎水性薬物は該第2の疎水性薬物と同じ化学構造を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 該第1の疎水性薬物の少なくとも1つと該第2の疎水性薬物の少なくとも1つは抗癌薬である、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 該抗癌薬がタキサン、カンプトテカ、及びアントラサイクリンから選択される、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 該タキサンがパクリタキセル及びドセタキセルから選択される、請求項8に記載の組成物。
- 該タキサンがパクリタキセルである、請求項9に記載の組成物。
- パクリタキセルは、そのC2’炭素に結合する酸素原子の位置で式(I)の繰り返し単位に複合化されている、請求項10に記載の組成物。
- パクリタキセルは、そのC7炭素に結合する酸素原子の位置で式(I)の繰り返し単位に複合化されている、請求項10に記載の組成物。
- 該カンプトテカはカンプトテシンである、請求項8に記載の組成物。
- 該アントラサイクリンはドキソルビシンである、請求項8に記載の組成物。
- 該ポリマー複合体は、該第1の疎水性薬物と該ポリマー複合体の合計重量に対する該第2の疎水性薬物の質量比で、約1%〜約50%(重量/重量)の範囲の量の該第2の疎水性薬物を含む、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 該第1の疎水性薬物は、該第1の疎水性薬物と該ポリマー複合体の合計重量に対する該第1の疎水性薬物の質量比で、約1%〜約50%(重量/重量)の範囲の量で存在する、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 該第2の疎水性薬物を含む基は、リンカー基をさらに有する、請求項1〜16のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 該標的化剤はアルギニン−グリシン−アスパラギン酸(RGD)ペプチド、フィブロネクチン、葉酸、ガラクトース、アポリポ蛋白質、インスリン、トランスフェリン、繊維芽細胞増殖因子(FGF)、上皮細胞増殖因子(EGF)、及び抗体からなる群から選択される、請求項2〜17のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 該標的化剤は、αv,β3−インテグリン、葉酸、アシアロ糖蛋白質、低密度リポ蛋白質(LDL)、インスリン受容体、トランスフェリン受容体、繊維芽細胞増殖因子(FGF)受容体、上皮細胞増殖因子(EGF)受容体、及び抗体受容体からなる群から選択される受容体と相互作用するものである、請求項2〜17のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 該光造影剤はアクリジン色素、クマリン色素、ローダミン色素、キサンテン色素、シアニン色素、及びピレン色素からなる群から選択される、請求項2〜17のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 該磁気共鳴造影剤が、Gd(III)化合物を含む、請求項2〜17のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 該安定剤がポリエチレングリコールである、請求項2〜17のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- リンカーは、標的化剤を含む基、光造影剤を含む基、磁気共鳴造影剤を含む基、多座配位子を含む基、多座配位子前駆体を含む基、又は安定剤を含む基からなる群から選択される1つ以上を、式(I)の繰り返し単位に結合する、請求項2〜27のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 該アルカリ金属が、ナトリウムである、請求項2〜28のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- n及びmの少なくとも1つが、1である、請求項3〜29のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- n及びmの少なくとも1つは、2である、請求項3〜29のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1〜31のいずれか1項の組成物を製造する方法であって、
少なくとも部分的にポリマー複合体を溶媒に溶解する工程、及び、
第1の疎水性薬物を少なくとも部分的に溶解されたポリマー複合体と混合して混合物を調製する工程を有する、方法。 - 該混合物を乾燥して乾燥形態の組成物を調製することをさらに有する、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 該混合する工程は、該第1の疎水性薬物の溶液を少なくとも部分的に溶解されたポリマー複合体と混合して混合物を調製することを有する、請求項32又は33に記載の方法。
- 疾患又は症状の治療又は寛解が必要な哺乳動物に、請求項1〜31のいずれか1項に記載の組成物の有効量を投与することを有する、疾患又は症状を治療又は寛解する方法。
- 該疾患又は症状が、肺腫瘍、乳房腫瘍、結腸腫瘍、卵巣腫瘍、前立腺腫瘍、及びメラノーマ腫瘍からなる群から選択される、請求項35に記載の方法。
- 該疾患又は症状が、肺癌、乳癌、結腸癌、卵巣癌、前立腺癌、及び黒色腫からなる群から選択される、請求項35に記載の方法。
- 疾患又は症状の診断が必要な哺乳動物に請求項1〜31のいずれか1項に記載の組成物の有効量を投与することを有する、疾患又は症状を診断する方法。
- 該疾患又は症状が、肺腫瘍、乳房腫瘍、結腸腫瘍、卵巣腫瘍、前立腺腫瘍、及びメラノーマ腫瘍から選択される、請求項38に記載の方法。
- 該疾患又は症状が、肺癌、乳癌、結腸癌、卵巣癌、前立腺癌、及び黒色腫からなる群から選択される、請求項38に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜31のいずれか1項に記載の組成物の有効量を組織の一部に接触させることを有する、組織の一部を造影する方法。
- 該組織は、肺腫瘍、乳房腫瘍、結腸腫瘍、及び卵巣腫瘍からなる群から選択される腫瘍からのものである、請求項41に記載の方法。
- 該ポリマー複合体は、静脈内に投与される、請求項35〜42のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 疾患又は症状の治療用又は寛解用医薬を製造するための請求項1〜31のいずれか1項に記載の組成物の使用。
- 該疾患又は症状が、肺腫瘍、乳房腫瘍、結腸腫瘍、卵巣腫瘍、前立腺腫瘍、及びメラノーマ腫瘍からなる群から選択される、請求項44に記載の使用。
- 該疾患又は症状が、肺癌、乳癌、結腸癌、卵巣癌、前立腺癌、及び黒色腫からなる群から選択される、請求項44に記載の使用。
- 疾患又は症状の診断用医薬を製造するための請求項1〜31のいずれか1項に記載の組成物の使用。
- 該疾患又は症状が、肺腫瘍、乳房腫瘍、結腸腫瘍、卵巣腫瘍、前立腺腫瘍、及びメラノーマ腫瘍からなる群から選択される、請求項47に記載の使用。
- 該疾患又は症状が、肺癌、乳癌、結腸癌、卵巣癌、前立腺癌、及び黒色腫からなる群から選択される、請求項47に記載の使用。
- 組織の一部の造影用医薬を製造するための請求項1〜31のいずれか1項に記載の組成物の使用。
- 該組織は、肺腫瘍、乳房腫瘍、結腸腫瘍、及び卵巣腫瘍からなる群から選択される腫瘍からのものである、請求項50に記載の使用。
- 該ポリマー複合体は、静脈内に投与される、請求項44〜51に記載のいずれか1項の使用。
- 疾患又は症状を治療又は寛解するための請求項1〜31に記載のいずれか1項の組成物。
- 該疾患又は症状が、肺腫瘍、乳房腫瘍、結腸腫瘍、卵巣腫瘍、前立腺腫瘍、及びメラノーマ腫瘍からなる群から選択される、請求項53に記載の組成物。
- 該疾患又は症状が、肺癌、乳癌、結腸癌、卵巣癌、前立腺癌、及び黒色腫からなる群から選択される、請求項53に記載の組成物。
- 疾患又は症状を診断するための請求項1〜31のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 該疾患又は症状が、肺腫瘍、乳房腫瘍、結腸腫瘍、卵巣腫瘍、前立腺腫瘍、及びメラノーマ腫瘍から選択される、請求項56に記載の組成物。
- 該疾患又は症状が、肺癌、乳癌、結腸癌、卵巣癌、前立腺癌、及び黒色腫からなる群から選択される、請求項56に記載の組成物。
- 組織の一部の造影するための請求項1〜31のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 該組織は、肺腫瘍、乳房腫瘍、結腸腫瘍、及び卵巣腫瘍からなる群から選択される腫瘍からのものである、請求項59に記載の組成物。
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US20080279777A1 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
JP5341879B2 (ja) | 2013-11-13 |
EP2155255B1 (en) | 2013-08-14 |
ES2430380T3 (es) | 2013-11-20 |
WO2008141107A2 (en) | 2008-11-20 |
KR20100017540A (ko) | 2010-02-16 |
US20120230917A1 (en) | 2012-09-13 |
US8329199B2 (en) | 2012-12-11 |
CA2683590A1 (en) | 2008-11-20 |
US8197828B2 (en) | 2012-06-12 |
WO2008141107A3 (en) | 2009-04-23 |
CN101678123A (zh) | 2010-03-24 |
TW200902070A (en) | 2009-01-16 |
PT2155255E (pt) | 2013-10-15 |
WO2008141107A8 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
DK2155255T3 (da) | 2013-09-02 |
EP2155255A2 (en) | 2010-02-24 |
CN101678123B (zh) | 2014-07-16 |
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