JP2010526250A - 窒素酸化物の選択的触媒還元のためのアンモニアを供給する方法及び装置 - Google Patents
窒素酸化物の選択的触媒還元のためのアンモニアを供給する方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC(N)=O WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013213 extrapolation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/02—Preparation of nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D2257/404—Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/40—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a hydrolysis catalyst
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/18—Ammonia
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/04—Methods of control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/0402—Methods of control or diagnosing using adaptive learning
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
【選択図】図1
Description
a)前記内燃機関の状態に影響を与える少なくとも一つの作動変数を記録するステップと、
b)少なくとも一つの測定した変数の評価に基づいて前記内燃機関の可能な窒素酸化物の排出を算出するステップと、
c)前記可能な窒素酸化物の排出に対応するアンモニアの量を算出するステップと、
d)前記対応するアンモニアの量の供給を開始するステップと、を含み、
前記ステップd)における前記アンモニアの量の供給は、排出ガスの外部で、尿素―水溶液を蒸発器で蒸発させ、排出ガスの外部で加水分解することを、
a)前記蒸発器の発熱力と、b)前記蒸発器に供給される尿素―水溶液の量との少なくとも一つの変数を前記ステップc)で算出した前記アンモニアの量に基づいて制御することによって行われることを特徴とする。
(i)前記内燃機関の現在の実際の状態と、(ii)前記内燃機関の状態に影響を与える少なくとも一つの作動変数と、の少なくとも一つを判定する手段と、
少なくとも一つの測定した変数の少なくとも一つの少なくとも一つの前回の値を考慮して、前記少なくとも一つの測定した変数の評価に基づいて前記内燃機関の可能な窒素酸化物の排出を算出し、
前記可能な窒素酸化物の排出に対応するアンモニアの量を算出する制御手段と、
尿素―水溶液を蒸発させる、排出ガスの外部にある蒸発器と、排出ガスの外部にある加水分解触媒コンバータと、を含む、前記アンモニアの量を供給する手段と、
尿素―水溶液を前記蒸発器に供給する手段と、を備える。
2 排気システム
3 内燃機関の実際の状態を判定するための手段
4 スロットルペダル
5 スロットルペダルの位置を判定するための手段
6 制御手段
7 還元剤を供給するための手段
8 データ回線
9 蒸発器
10 加水分解触媒コンバータ
11 貯蔵槽
12 蒸発器に尿素−水溶液を供給するための手段
13 吸気ポイント
14 SCR触媒コンバータ
15 エンジン特性マップ
16 第1の線
17 第2の線
18 第3の線
19 内燃機関の現在の実際の状態
20 加速度プロファイル
21 第1の線
22 第2の線
23 第3の線
Ω 回転速度
M トルク
Claims (10)
- 内燃機関の排気システムにおける窒素酸化物の選択的触媒還元のためのアンモニアを供給する方法であって、
a)前記内燃機関の状態に影響を与える少なくとも一つの作動変数を記録するステップと、
b)少なくとも一つの測定した変数の評価に基づいて前記内燃機関の可能な窒素酸化物の排出を算出するステップと、
c)前記可能な窒素酸化物の排出に対応するアンモニアの量を算出するステップと、
d)前記対応するアンモニアの量の供給を開始するステップと、を含み、
前記ステップd)における前記アンモニアの量の供給は、排出ガスの外部で、尿素―水溶液を蒸発器で蒸発させ、排出ガスの外部で加水分解することを、
a)前記蒸発器の発熱力と、b)前記蒸発器に供給される尿素―水溶液の量との少なくとも一つの変数を前記ステップc)で算出した前記アンモニアの量に基づいて制御することによって行われることを特徴とする、方法。 - 前記内燃機関の現在の実際の状態も測定した変数として供給する、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記ステップb)において、前記少なくとも一つの測定した変数の少なくとも一つの少なくとも一つの前回の値が考慮される、請求項1又は2の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップc)において、貯蔵した還元剤の量と、それにより発生し得る変換とが考慮される、請求項1から3迄の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- ステップb)が、将来の窒素酸化物の排出を外挿法によって求めるステップを含む、請求項1から4迄の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記内燃機関の状態の変化が前記少なくとも一つの作動変数の変化に基づいて算出される、請求項1から5迄の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップb)において、前記内燃機関の状態の実際の状態から可能な標準状態への様々な可能な変化の確率を考慮する、請求項1から6迄の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップb)が、パラメータ適用推定法(parameter−adaptive estimation method)を含む、請求項1から7迄の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップb)において、ユーザ別のデータを使用する、請求項1から8迄の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- (i)前記内燃機関(1)の現在の実際の状態と、(ii)前記内燃機関(1)の状態に影響を与える少なくとも一つの作動変数と、の少なくとも一つを判定する手段と、
少なくとも一つの測定した変数の少なくとも一つの少なくとも一つの前回の値を考慮して、前記少なくとも一つの測定した変数の評価に基づいて前記内燃機関の可能な窒素酸化物の排出を算出し、
前記可能な窒素酸化物の排出に対応するアンモニアの量を算出する制御手段(6)と、
尿素―水溶液を蒸発させる、排出ガスの外部にある蒸発器(9)と、排出ガスの外部にある加水分解触媒コンバータ(10)と、を含む、前記アンモニアの量を供給する手段と、
尿素―水溶液を前記蒸発器(9)に供給する手段(12)と、を備える、請求項1から9迄の何れか1項に記載の方法を実行する装置。
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DE102007031530A DE102007031530A1 (de) | 2007-05-08 | 2007-05-08 | Verfahren zum Bereitstellen von Reduktionsmittel zur selektiven katalytischen Reduktion von Stickoxiden und entsprechende Vorrichtung |
PCT/EP2008/055435 WO2008135535A1 (de) | 2007-05-08 | 2008-05-02 | Verfahren zum bereitstellen von ammoniak zur selektiven katalytischen reduktion von stickoxiden und entsprechende vorrichtung |
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JP2020514605A (ja) * | 2016-12-21 | 2020-05-21 | パーキンス エンジンズ カンパニー リミテッドPerkins Engines Company Ltd | 改良された選択的触媒還元システム |
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- 2008-05-02 EP EP08750004.7A patent/EP2145086B1/de active Active
- 2008-05-02 WO PCT/EP2008/055435 patent/WO2008135535A1/de active Application Filing
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2010144633A (ja) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-07-01 | Ud Trucks Corp | エンジンの排気浄化装置 |
JP2020514605A (ja) * | 2016-12-21 | 2020-05-21 | パーキンス エンジンズ カンパニー リミテッドPerkins Engines Company Ltd | 改良された選択的触媒還元システム |
JP7058269B2 (ja) | 2016-12-21 | 2022-04-21 | パーキンス エンジンズ カンパニー リミテッド | 改良された選択的触媒還元システム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2008135535A1 (de) | 2008-11-13 |
JP5199338B2 (ja) | 2013-05-15 |
US20100037598A1 (en) | 2010-02-18 |
EP2145086B1 (de) | 2013-07-10 |
US8341942B2 (en) | 2013-01-01 |
DE102007031530A1 (de) | 2008-11-13 |
EP2145086A1 (de) | 2010-01-20 |
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