JP2010276201A - Swirl-type combustion furnace and method of combustion - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a swirl-type combustion furnace having a simple and rigid structure, achieved with comparatively small-scale equipment, and efficiently and stably burning waste including livestock excrement. <P>SOLUTION: This swirl-type combustion furnace has a cylindrical furnace body 2 having a fuel supply port 6 at its upper section, an exhaust port 11 for a combustion gas G<SB>1</SB>is formed on a top plate 3 of the furnace body 2, an inner cylinder 13 surrounding the exhaust port 11 and forming a combustion chamber 12 therein is suspended from the top plate 3 of the furnace body 2, and a swirl guide passage 15 is formed between the inner cylinder 13 and a circumferential face of the furnace body 2 to swirl and guide a fuel M supplied from the fuel supply port 6 to a lower inlet 14 of the combustion chamber 12 by swirling flow of the primary air K<SB>1</SB>. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a swirling combustion furnace and a combustion method capable of efficiently burning livestock excrement, industrial waste, and the like.

  Due to the large scale of livestock management in recent years, management of livestock excretion excreted from livestock such as cattle, pigs and chickens has become a major issue in the region. In addition, livestock excrement has been used for composting as a valuable resource for producing agricultural and forage crops. Emphasis is placed on the promotion of use as energy by methods such as carbonization and incineration, methane fermentation, and the like.

  As an incineration process, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-53141 discloses a waste incinerator for burning waste such as livestock excrement. The apparatus burns first waste such as tires in a gasification furnace to produce a combustible gas, burns the combustible gas generated in the gasification furnace in the combustion furnace, and combustible gas burns. A second waste such as livestock dung is put into a burning furnace and burned.

JP 2004-53141 A

  However, the above equipment is large in scale and expensive in construction and operation / maintenance. Therefore, even if it is suitable for collecting and incinerating livestock excreta discharged from the whole area, There is a problem that it is not suitable for use in a small area or in a small area.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, has a simple and robust structure, can be realized with a relatively small facility, and can efficiently and stably burn waste including livestock excrement. It aims at providing a swirl type combustion furnace.

  In order to solve the above problems, a swirl type combustion furnace according to the present invention comprises a cylindrical furnace body having a fuel supply port formed at the top, and a combustion gas exhaust port is provided on the top plate of the furnace body. An inner cylinder that surrounds the exhaust port and forms an internal combustion chamber from the top plate of the furnace body is suspended, and the fuel supplied from the fuel supply port between the inner cylinder and the peripheral surface of the furnace body swirls the primary air. A first feature is that a turning guide path is provided which is guided by turning to a lower inlet of the combustion chamber.

  According to the swirling combustion furnace according to the present invention, the fuel supplied into the furnace from the fuel supply port descends while swirling along the swirling guide path outside the inner cylinder with the swirling flow of the primary air, Head to the combustion chamber entrance. The fuel is dried and pulverized by the swirling flow of primary air. Further, the drying and pulverization of the fuel is promoted by the heat of the high-temperature combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber. At the same time, the temperature of the primary air supplied from the fuel supply port is also raised. The thermal decomposition of the fuel is promoted by the heated primary air, and the generated high-temperature pyrolysis gas enters the combustion chamber from the lower inlet of the combustion chamber and is completely burned together with the secondary air in the combustion chamber. And the fuel supplied in the furnace can be burned stably by utilizing the heat of the high-temperature combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber during the combustion operation.

  The swirl type combustion furnace according to the present invention has a second feature that a blower pipe for sending primary air together with fuel to the inner peripheral surface of the furnace main body in a tangential direction is connected to the fuel supply port.

  The swirl type combustion furnace according to the present invention has a third feature that a fuel inlet is provided in the blow pipe.

  The swirl type combustion furnace according to the present invention is characterized in that the inner cylinder is suspended to the vicinity of the bottom surface of the furnace main body, leaving a pyrolysis space.

  The swirl type combustion furnace according to the present invention has a discharge pipe for discharging the combustion product in the furnace in a tangential direction with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the furnace body with respect to the combustion product discharge port formed in the lower part of the furnace body. The fifth feature is that they are connected.

  A combustion method of a swirl type combustion furnace according to the present invention includes a cylindrical furnace body having a fuel supply port formed at an upper portion thereof, a combustion gas exhaust port is provided on a top plate of the furnace body, and A cylindrical inner cylinder that surrounds the exhaust port and forms a combustion chamber on the inside is suspended, and the fuel supplied from the fuel supply port between the inner cylinder and the peripheral surface of the furnace main body is swirled by the primary air to form the combustion chamber. A turning guide path is provided that guides while turning to the lower inlet of the engine, and the heat of the combustion gas in the combustion chamber is used to raise the temperature of the mixed flow of fuel and primary air turning in the turning guide path.

  As described above, according to the swirl type combustion furnace according to the present invention, the fuel supplied from the fuel supply port into the furnace is easily pyrolyzed using the heat of the high-temperature combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber. Thus, a high-temperature pyrolysis gas can be generated and burned completely in the combustion chamber, and the combustion operation can be performed stably. Such a combustion furnace has a simple and robust structure, is excellent in durability, has low operation and maintenance costs, and incinerates waste such as livestock excrement for each livestock farmer or small area, or energy Ideal as a small-scale facility for use as

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention, in which reference numeral 1 denotes a swirling combustion furnace according to the present invention, and reference numeral 2 denotes a furnace body.

The furnace body 2 includes a top plate 3 and a bottom plate 4. A side peripheral plate 5 is fixed to the top plate 2 and the bottom plate 3 over the entire circumference, and the whole is formed in a cylindrical shape. A fuel supply port 6 is provided in the vicinity of the top plate 3 at the top of the side peripheral plate 5. The fuel supply port 6 upstream of the air fan 7 blowing pipe 8 for feeding into the furnace a primary air K ₁ (see FIG. 4) is attached. When viewed in plan as shown in FIG. 3, the blower tube 8 is attached in a direction in which the primary air K ₁ is sent in a tangential direction along the inner peripheral surface of the furnace body 2. As shown in FIG. 4, an ejector 9 that speeds up the primary air K <b> ₁ sent by the air fan 7 is disposed inside the blower pipe 8.

The blower pipe 8 is provided with a fuel inlet 10, and the fuel M introduced from the fuel inlet 10 is sent into the blower pipe 8 by the primary air K ₁ sent by the upstream air fan 7 and accelerated by the ejector 9. the drawn toward the fuel supply port 6 is adapted to be fed from the fuel supply port 6 into the furnace together with the high speed of the primary air K _1.

In the center of the top plate 3 of the furnace body 2, an exhaust port 11 for discharging the combustion gas G ₁ is provided, and a cylindrical inner cylinder 13 that forms a combustion chamber 12 so as to surround the exhaust port 11 is a top plate. It hangs down to approximately half the height from 3 to the bottom plate 4. The inner cylinder 13 is arranged coaxially with the furnace body 2 and has a predetermined height h from the inner surface of the top plate 3. Between the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral surface and the furnace body 2 of the inner cylinder 13 is a predetermined distance d is maintained, fuel M sucked from the fuel supply port 6 together with the primary air K ₁ is due to the swirling flow of primary air K ₁ A turning guide path 15 that is guided while turning to the lower inlet 14 of the combustion chamber 12 is formed.

  A dome-shaped grate 16 is arranged below the lower end of the inner cylinder 13 at the lower part of the furnace body 2, and an ash storage chamber 17 is provided between the grate 16 and the bottom plate 4 to store the combustion products N. It has been. The grate 16 is made of punched metal, and a gap 18 is provided between the inner periphery of the furnace body 2 and the combustion product N is dropped into the lower ash chamber 17. Between the lower end of the inner cylinder 12, that is, between the lower inlet 13 of the combustion chamber 11 and the grate 15, is a pyrolysis space 19 in which the fuel M descending along the turning guide path 15 is gasified by pyrolysis. In the vicinity of the grate 16, there is provided an ignition device 20 for igniting the fuel M disposed on the grate 16 at the start of operation of the furnace.

At the lower part of the furnace body 2, a secondary air intake 21 for taking in the secondary air for combustion K ₂ is provided, and an on-off valve for extracting the combustion product N accumulated in the ash storage chamber 17 to the outside of the furnace. An ash discharge pipe 23 with 22 is connected. A cyclone separator 24 that separates and removes the combustion product N is connected to the ash discharge pipe 23, and the combustion product N that is separated and removed is dropped and accommodated in the accommodating portion 25.

Reference numeral 26 is an exhaust pipe for being connected to the exhaust port 11 of the ceiling plate 3 guides the combustion gas G ₁ out of the furnace, an exhaust pipe 26 of the combustion gas G ₁ flowing through the exhaust pipe 26 A heat recovery device 27 that recovers exhaust heat is provided.

  Next, the operation of the swirl type combustion furnace 1 configured as described above will be described. Here, as the fuel M, solid livestock excrement mixed with livestock manure is used.

First, a predetermined amount of fuel M is placed on the grate 16 at the start of the combustion operation. Fuel M is introduced into the fuel inlet 10 of the blower tube 8, feeding the fuel M with primary air K ₁ by operating the air fan 7 at a high speed from the fuel supply port 6 into the furnace. Fuel M was sent into the furnace, with the swirling flow of primary air K ₁ high speed, the swivel guide path 15 between the outer peripheral surface of the furnace body inner peripheral surface of the 2 and the inner cylinder 13, it is dried and ground The swirl descends while being accumulated on the grate 16.

After some extent fuel M dry-milled predetermined amount accumulated on the grate 16, is subsequently ignited by the air fan 7 igniter fuel M on the grate 16 while feeding the primary air K ₁ of a predetermined amount by 20. The ignited fuel M is gasified by promoting thermal decomposition of the surroundings in the pyrolysis chamber 19, and the generated pyrolysis gas G ₀ enters the combustion chamber 12 from the lower inlet 14 of the combustion chamber 12. Complete combustion (secondary combustion) together with the secondary air K ₂ taken from the lower secondary air intake 21, and rises in the combustion chamber 12 while turning spirally into the combustion gas G _1. The gas passes through the exhaust port 11 and the exhaust pipe 26 of the top plate 3 and is discharged out of the furnace.

If combustion operation is shifted to stable period from the initial fuel M was fed into the furnace from the fuel supply port 6 together with the high speed of the primary air K _1, while the swivel guide path 15 to pivot with the swirling flow of primary air K ₁ Drying and pulverization are gradually promoted by the heat of the combustion gas G ₁ at a high temperature (about 800 to 1000 degrees) in the combustion chamber 12. The mixing flow of the fuel M and primary air K ₁ is also heated. When reaching the vicinity of the lower portion inlet 14 of the fuel combustion chamber 12, by the synergistic effect of the dried and ground, heated fuel M and elevated the primary air K _1, pyrolysis of fuel M is accelerated, high temperature ( the pyrolysis gas _{G 0} to about 600 degrees to 800 degrees).

The high-temperature pyrolysis gas G ₀ is completely burned in the combustion chamber 12 together with the secondary air K ₂ taken from the secondary air intake 21, and burns while turning spirally into the combustion gas G _1. The inside of the chamber 12 rises, passes through the discharge port 11 of the top plate 3, and is discharged out of the furnace.

The remainder of the high-temperature fuel M used as the initial fire type on the grate 16 remains until it burns out, and the fuel M that swirls and descends in the turning guide path 15 is the remaining fuel M on the grate 16. always being heated by the heat from, contribute to complete combustion of the pyrolysis and the pyrolysis gas G ₀ of the fuel M.

Heat combustion gas G ₁ to be exhausted from the exhaust port 11 out of the furnace is recovered by way of the heat recovery device 27 of the exhaust pipe 26, the recovered heat is utilized for hot water and heating and other purposes.

  Combustion products N generated by pyrolysis or combustion of pyrolysis gas fall into the ash chamber 17 through the gaps in the grate 16 and the surrounding gaps 18 and are stored. When the inside of the ash storage chamber 17 becomes full, the on-off valve 22 is opened, and the combustion product N in the ash storage chamber 17 is discharged out of the furnace through the ash discharge pipe 23.

Thus, the fuel M fed into the furnace together with the high-speed primary air K ₁ from the fuel supply port 6 is easily pyrolyzed using the heat of the high-temperature combustion gas G ₁ generated in the combustion chamber 12. generates a pyrolysis gas G ₀ in the high temperature, it is possible to complete combustion in the combustion chamber 12, it is possible to perform stable combustion operation.

  It should be noted that the fuel M stored on the grate 16 at the start of operation is completely burned until there is no remaining unburned when the operation proceeds to a stable period even if there is unburned in the initial stage of operation.

  5 and 6 show a second embodiment of the present invention, in which reference numeral 30 indicates a swirling combustion furnace according to the present invention. The same members as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the swirl type combustion furnace 30 of the present embodiment has an inner cylinder 31 that forms the combustion chamber 12 while leaving the ash storage chamber 17 and the pyrolysis space 19 between the bottom surface 4 of the furnace body 2. Is suspended to the vicinity of the bottom surface 4 of the furnace body 2. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a discharge port 32 for discharging the combustion product N is located near the bottom surface 4, and ash is tangentially formed along the inner peripheral surface of the furnace body 2 in the discharge port 32. A discharge pipe 33 is connected. Although not shown in the figure, the ash discharge pipe 33 is connected to the on-off valve 22, the separator 24, and the accommodating portion 25 in FIG. 1.

According pivotally combustion furnace 30 of the present embodiment, since was suspended inner cylinder 31 to the bottom plate 4 near the furnace body 2, the lower inlet 14 of the combustion chamber 12 while swirling fuel M and mixed flow of primary air K ₁ to a distance of pivot guideway 15 'for guiding can take long, low temperature stage and during the rainy season in winter, the Atsushi Nobori of the drying and pulverizing and heating and primary air K ₁ of fuel M as the more made more effective The complete combustion of the fuel M at those times can be made more stable.

In the swirling combustion furnace 30 of the present embodiment, first, at the start of the combustion operation, the detachable exhaust pipe 26 is removed, and a predetermined amount of fuel M is introduced into the combustion chamber 12 from the exhaust port 11, and placed on the bottom plate 4. Deploy. While sending the primary air K ₁ and the secondary air K ₂ , an igniting agent is introduced from the exhaust port 11 to ignite the fuel M on the bottom plate 4, and the exhaust pipe 26 is connected to the exhaust port 11.

Thereafter, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the thermal decomposition of the surroundings is promoted and gasified in the pyrolysis chamber 19, and the generated pyrolysis gas G ₀ is sent from the lower inlet 14 of the combustion chamber 12 to the combustion chamber. 12 enters into the combustion chamber 12 and completely burns together with the secondary air K ₂ to turn into a combustion gas G ₁ while spirally swirling, and ascends in the combustion chamber 12. It is discharged out of the furnace.

Combustion products N remaining after combustion is accumulated in Haitamarishitsu within 17 to open the opening and closing valve 22, not shown, with the swirling flow of primary air K _1, as shown in FIG. 6, the inner circumference of the furnace body 2 The ash discharge pipe 33 is discharged in a tangential direction from the discharge port 32 along the surface.

  According to this embodiment, the combustion product N in the ash storage chamber 17 can be efficiently discharged out of the furnace using the swirling flow of primary air.

  The swirling combustion furnace according to the present invention can be used in various fields as a swirling combustion furnace that crushes, gasifies, and burns livestock excrement, food waste, industrial waste, and the like.

The front view of the revolving combustion furnace which shows 1st Embodiment of this invention, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the swirling combustion furnace shown in FIG. FIG. 1 is a horizontal sectional view of the swirl type combustion furnace shown in FIG. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a blow pipe of the swirl type combustion furnace shown in FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the swirl type combustion furnace which shows 2nd Embodiment of this invention, It is an AA arrow directional cross-sectional view of the swirl type combustion furnace in FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,30 Revolving combustion furnace 2 Furnace main body 3 Top plate 4 Bottom plate 5 Side peripheral plate 6 Fuel supply port 7 Air fan 8 Blower tube 9 Ejector 10 Fuel inlet 11 Discharge port 12 Combustion chamber 13, 31 Inner cylinder 14 Lower inlet 15 Swirling guideway 16 Grate 17 Ash storage chamber 18 Clearance 19 Heat recovery device 20 Ignition device 21 Secondary air intake 22 On-off valve 23, 33 Ash discharge pipe 24 Cyclone separator 25 Housing portion 26 Exhaust pipe 27 Heat recovery device 32 Discharge port d Distance between the inner peripheral surface of the furnace body and the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder h, h ′ Height of the inner cylinder G ₀ Pyrolysis gas G ₁ Combustion gas K ₁ Primary air K ₂ Secondary air M Fuel N Combustion products

Claims (6)

  Equipped with a cylindrical furnace body with a fuel supply port formed in the upper part, a combustion gas exhaust port is provided on the top plate of the furnace body, and the combustion chamber is formed on the inside while surrounding the exhaust port from the top plate of the furnace body A swirling guide path in which the inner cylinder is suspended and guided between the inner cylinder and the peripheral surface of the furnace body while the fuel supplied from the fuel supply port swirls to the lower inlet of the combustion chamber by a swirling flow of primary air A swirl type combustion furnace characterized in that is provided.   The swirl type combustion furnace according to claim 1, wherein a blower pipe for sending primary air together with fuel to the fuel supply port in a tangential direction with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the furnace body is connected.   The swirl type combustion furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a fuel input port is provided in the blower pipe.   The swirl type combustion furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inner cylinder is suspended to a position near a bottom surface of the furnace main body, leaving a pyrolysis space.   A discharge pipe for discharging the combustion products in the furnace in a tangential direction with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the furnace body is connected to a discharge port of the combustion products formed in the lower part of the furnace body. The swirl type combustion furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4. A cylindrical furnace body having a fuel supply port formed at the top, a combustion gas exhaust port provided on the top plate of the furnace body, and surrounding the exhaust port from the top plate of the furnace body and forming a combustion chamber inside A swirling guide path that hangs down the inner cylinder and guides the fuel supplied from the fuel supply port to the lower inlet of the combustion chamber by a swirling flow of primary air between the inner cylinder and the peripheral surface of the furnace body. A combustion method for a swirling combustion furnace, characterized in that the temperature of a mixed flow of fuel and primary air swirling in a swirling guide path is increased by using heat of combustion gas in a combustion chamber.

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